PENGANTAR PERANCANGAN TAHAN GEMPA

UNTUK GEDUNG DI INDONESIA

Davy Sukamta – IP Utama

Principal, Davy Sukamta & Partners – Structural Engineers

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www.davysukamta.com

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 Chile, 1960, Mw = 9.5

Alaska, 1964, Mw = 9.2

Aceh, 26 December 2004, Mw =9.1

Honshu 2011, Mw =9.1

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Mal Ramayana Palu Earthquake, September 2018

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 Palu Earthquake, September 2018

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Source: 7NewsPerth

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 Palu Earthquake, September 2018

Roa-Roa Hotel

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Source: 7NewsPerth

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 1970 : Indonesian Loading Code – N.I-18

1983 : Seismic Resistant Design for

Buildings, Code of Practice
2002 : Code on Seismic Resistant Design
for Buildings, SNI 03-1726-2002
2012: Seismic Resistant Design Code

2019: New Seismic Resistant Design Code

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COMMON MISTAKES IN THE DESIGN OF

SEISMIC RESISTANT RC STRUCTURE

EQ Resistant Design Concept

Detailing of RC Structure

Column Hoops & Ties / Confienment

Force-based Design

Load Path / Diaphragm Action

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 Acceptance criteria?
? ?

2/3 MCE

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Earthquake Performance Level

SEAOC Vision 2000 Near
Fully Operational Operationnal Life Safe
Collapse

Frequent
Basic Objective Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable
Earthquake Design Level

(43 years)

Occasional Essential/Hazardous
Basic Objective Unacceptable Unacceptable
(72 years) Objective

Rare Safety Critical Essential/Hazard

Basic Objective Unacceptable
(475 Years) Objective ous objective

Very Rare
Safety Critical Essential/Hazar
(2500 years) Not Feasible
Objective dous objective
Basic Objective
MCE

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 ?

Analysis
domain

Kita bekerja pada analysis domain, tetapi kita

berpikir sudah tahu betul bagaimana perilaku struktur sampai keruntuhannya
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Design Coefficient and Factors for Seismic-Force Resistant Systems

R, Ω0, CD

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 During an EQ, the oscillator is excited into vibrations by the GM.
It behaves as a displacement controlled system and can survive
displacements much beyond the yield point. This is why ductile
structure can survive ground shaking that produces
displacement much greater than yield point displacement

=
Independent variable
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 The specified earthquake loads are based upon post-elastic energy dissipation in
the structure, and because of this fact, the requirements for design, detailing, and
construction shall be satisfied even for structures and members for which load
combinations that do not contain earthquake loads indicate larger demands than
combinations that include earthquake loads

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Desired Mechanism Undesired Mechanism

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 Rotational demand is limited

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Sti

Confinement Steel

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 Irregularities in Structure

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Redundancy

The redundancy of a structure refers to

the extent of degradation the structure
can suffer without losing some
specified elements of its functionality.

The intent of the redundancy coefficient is

to encourage the design of more redundant structures,
with a greater number of elements provided to resist lateral forces
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 Load Path

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A complete and continuous load path is necessary to safely

move the loads from the top of a structure to the ground. If a
correct path isn’t designed to move the load to the ground,
then the loads will find other means of making it to the ground;
usually in an unfavorable way. It’s not quite as simple as an
apple falling on Newton’s head, but it’s essentially the basic
law of gravity.

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 Diaphragm Action on Dual System
Rigid vs semi-rigid diaphragm

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F11

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 F22

F12

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Finishing Arsitektural

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 Five Good Virtues of
Earthquake-resistant Buildings

 Good seismic configuration

 Good detailing of structural components
 Adequate lateral stiffness and strength
 Good overall ductility
 Proper detail to non-structural components

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