Muscle of upper limbs

⑳ Muscles of the shoulder joint -

shoulder
⑳ Muscles of the arm
Asm
Muscles of the forearm
-

For Arm
⑧ Muscles of the hand -

it
Hand
=
-

Muscles of the arm '

- Anterior (Flexor) Group [3]
- Posterior (Extensor) Group [2]

Anterior (Flexor) Group [3]

-g
Brachialis
Musculus brachialis
- O: Anterior diaphysis of the humerus Posterior (Extensor) Group [2]

↑
- I: Tuberosity of Ulnae Anconeus
·
eng
Tuberositas ulnae

·
musculus anconeus
- F: Flexion
O: Lateral Epicondyle of the
Humerus
m
Coracobrachialis
epicondylus lateralis humeri
musculus coracobrachialis
- I: Proximal Epiphysis of the Ulna
- O: Coracoid process
processus coracoideus scapulae
- F: Extention of lower arm
- I: Anterior diaphysis of the humerus g

- F: Flexion, adduction and Internal Rotation · Triceps Bachii

Musculus ticeps brachii
> - Medial Head
-M
Biceps Brachii
musculus biceps brachii ○
8 O: Daphysis of humerus

7 - Long Head -> - Lateral Head

⑧ O: Supraglenoid Tubercule
○ O: Diaphysis of humerus
tuberculum supraglenoidale scapulae -> - Long Head
> - Short Head
○
& O: Infraglenoid Tubercle
⑧ O: Coracoid process
- I: Olecranon of Ulna
processus coracoideus scapulae
- F:
- I: Radial Tuberosity
tuberositas radii Extension of forearm
- Function: Extension + Adduction of arm
Flexion+Supination of forearm
Flextion+Abduction of arm
 Muscles of the shoulder joint
Deltoid
Subscapularis

a
Supraspinatus
Rotato
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
got doid
Teres Major

Supraspinatus
Muscles of the shoulder joint musculus supraspinatus
- O: Supraspinous Fossa
- Deltoid fossa supraspinata
- Subscapularis - I: Greater tubercle of humerus
- Supraspinatus tuberculum majus humeri
- F: Abduction
- Infraspinatus
- Teres Minor Infraspinatus
- Teres Major musculus infraspinatus
- O: Infraspinous Fossa
fossa infraspinata
Deltoid - I: Greater tubercle of humerus

↳it
musculus deltoideus tuberculum majus humeri
- F: External Rotation
-> - Spinal Part

O: Spine of Scapula Teres Minor

spina scapulae musculus teres minor
- O: Lateral margin of Scapula
-> - Acromial Part
margo lateralis scapulae
○ O: Acromion of Scapula - I: Greater tubercle of humerus
- Clavicular Part tuberculum majus humeri
- F: External Rotation, Extention
--> ○ O: Clavicle

- I: Deltoid Tuberocity of Humerus Teres Major

musculus teres minor
tuberositas deltoidei humeri
- O: Inferior Angle of Scapula
- Function: angulus inferior scapulae
A: Abductio brachii - I: Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus
crista tuberculi mionoris humeri
C: Rotatio Brachii Interna
F:
S: Rotatio Brachii Externa - Adduction
S+C = Adduction - Extension
A+C = Flexion - Internal rotation

A+S = Extention Rotator Cuff Muscles

- - Subscapularis
Subscapularis musculus subscapularis
- Supraspinatus
musculus subscapularis musculus supraspinatus
- O: Subscapular Fossa - Infraspinatus
fossa subscapularis musculus infraspinatus
- Teres Minor
- I: Lesser tubercle + crest of humerus musculus teres minor
tuberculum minus humeri et crista - Stabilize the shoulder joint
tuberculi minoris ○ Clinical Importance
- F: Adduction, Internal Rotation § Rotator Cuff Tear
§ Tendinitis
§ Bursitis
 Pronator Teres
uscles of musculus
the forearmpronator teres
- I: Anterolateral surface of Radius
○ Extensor Digiti Minimi
○ Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
- Deep Layer
- Anterior (Flexor) group
- Lateral (Radial) group
Flexor Carpi Radialis ○ Abductor Pollicis Longus
musculus flexor carpi radialis ○ Extensor Pollicis Brevis
- Posterior (Extensor) group
- I: Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal
○ Extensor Pollicis Longus
Anterior (Flexor) group
Palmaris Longus ○ Extensor Indicis
- 1st Layer
musculus palmaris longus
○ Palmaris Longus I: Palmar Aponeurosis Abductor Pollicis Longus
○ Flexor Carpi Radialis aponeurosis palmaris musculus abductor pollicis longus
○ Pronator Teres O:
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Posterior surface of Ulna/Radius
○ Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
musculus flexor carpi ulnaris Interosseous membrane
- 2nd Layer
- I: I: Base of 1st metacarpal
○ Flexor Digitorum Superficialis F: Abduction of thumb
- 3rd Layer Pisiform,
Hamatum and
○ Flexor Digitorum Profundus Extensor Pollicis Brevis
base of 5th metacarpal
○ Flexor Pollicis Longus musculus extensor pollicis brevis
- 4th Layer Lateral (Radial) group O:
○ Pronator Quadratus - Superficial Layer Posterior surface of Radius
Interosseous membrane
○ Brachioradialis
Pronator Quadratus I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
○ Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus F: Extension and abduction of thumb
musculus pronator quadratus
- O: Anterior surface of Ulna ○ Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
- I: Anterior surface of Radius - Deep Layer Extensor Pollicis Longus
- F: Pronation of forearm Supinator musculus extensor pollicis longus
O:
Flexor Digitorum Profundus Supinator Posterior surface of Ulna
Musculus flexor digitorum profundus musculus supinator Interosseous membrane
- O: Anterior surface of Ulna O: I: Base of distal phalanx of thumb
I: Base of the distal phalanges (2-5 finger) Lateral Epicondyle F: Extension of thumb
basis phalangis distalis (II-V) Radial Collateral Ligament
- F: Ulna Extensor Indicis
Flexion of 2-5th fingers at - I: Lateral Surface of Radius musculus extensor indicis
metacarpophalangeal and - F: Supination of the forearm O:
interphalangeal joints Posterior surface of Ulna
+ Brachioradialis Interosseous membrane
Accessory flexion of hand musculus brachioradialis I: Base of middle/distal phalanx of index finger
- O: Lateral margin of humerus F: Extension of Index finger (2nd finger)
Flexor Pollicis Longus - I: Radius above Styloid Process
musculus flexor pollicis longus F: Extensor Digitorum
- O: Anterior surface of Radius - Supination/Pronation musculus extensor digitorum
I: Base of the distal phalanges of the thumb - Flexion of forearm O: Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus
basis phalangis distalis pollicis - Stabilises elbow joint I: Base of middle and distal phalanges of 2-5th
- F: fingers
Flexion of thumb at Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus F:
metacarpophalangeal and musculus extensor carpi radialis longus Abduction of Fingers
interphalangeal joints - O: Lateral margin + Lateral Epicondyle of
Extension of hand
+ Humerus
Accessory flexion of hand I: Base of 2nd metacarpal Extensor Digiti Minimi
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis basis ossis metacarpalis II musuclus extensor digiti minimi
musculus flexor digitorum superficialis F: O: Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus
O: Abduction of hand I: Base of middle and distal phalanges of 5th
Medial epicondyle of humerus Extension of hand fingers
Ulna F:
Anterior surface of radius Extension of 5th finger
I: Base of the middle phalanges of 2-5th
fingers Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
basis phalangis mediale II-V musculus extensor carpi radialis brevis musculus extensor carpi ulnaris
F: - O: Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus O:
Flexion of 2-5 fingers at I: Base of 3nd metacarpal Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus
metacarpophalangeal and proximal basis ossis metacarpalis III Posterior surface of Ulna
interphalangeal joints F: I: Base of 5th metacarpal bone (medial side)
+ Abduction of hand basis ossis metacarpalis V
Accessory flexion of hand Extension of hand F:
Extension of hand
Adduction of hand
 Muscles of the hand
- Muscles of Thenar Eminence
- Muscles of Hypothenar Eminence
- Middle Hand Muscles
○ Interossei muscles
○ Lumbrical muscles
Thenar Muscles
- Abductor Pollicis Brevis
- Opponens Pollicis
- Flexor Pollicis Brevis
- Adductor Pollicis
Opponens Pollicis
musculus opponens pollicis
- O: Flexor retinaculum and trapezium
I: Base of 1st metacarpal bone
basis ossis metacarpalis I
- F: Opposition and flexion of thumb
Flexor Pollicis Brevis Flexor bervis
musculus flexor pollicis brevis
O:
Flexor retinaculum
Deeper part: Trapezium, trapezoideum
I: Base of Proximal Phalanx of the thumb
basis phalangis proximalis pollicis
- F: Opposition + Flexion of the thumb
Adductor Pollicis
musculus adductor pollicis
O:
Oblique head: Capitate + base of 2/3rd metacarpal
Transverse head: 3rd metacarpal
I: Base of Proximal Phalanx of the thumb
basis phalangis proximalis pollicis
- F: Adduction of the thumb
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
musculus abductor pollicis brevis
O: Flexor retinaculum
I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
basis phalangis proximalis pollicis
F: Abduction of thumb
Hypothenar Muscles
Opponens digiti minimi
musculus opponens digiti minimi
- O: Flexor retinaculum + Hamatum
I: 5th metacarpal bone
Hamaturn
Os metacarpale V
- F: Opposition of little finger
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
musculus flexor digiti minimi brevis
- O: Flexor retinaculum + Hamatum
I: Base of Proximal Phalanx of Little Finger
basis phalangis proximalis digiti minimi
- F: Flexion of little finger
Abductor Digiti Minimi
musculus abductor digiti minimi
- O: Flexor retinaculum + Pisiform
I: Base of Proximal Phalanx of Little Finger
basis phalangis proximalis digiti minimi
- F: Abduction of little finger
Palmaris Brevis
musculus palmaris brevis
- O: Flexor retinaculum + Palmar Aponeurosis
- I: Skin of the palm on the ulnar side
- F:
Pulls the skin and produces
wrinkles on the hypothernal side
Middle hand muscle
Middle Hand Muscles
Palmar Interossei
Musculi interossei palmares
- Three muscles located in the 2nd-4th
interosseous
space between the metacarpals
- O:
2nd metacarpal – Medial side
4th metacarpal – Lateral side
5th metacarpal – Lateral side
- I: Proximal Phalanx of 2nd, 4th and 5th finger
F:
Adduction of fingers:
Pulls 2nd, 4th and 5th fingers to 3rd finger
Dorsal Interossei
Musculi interossei dorsales
- Four muscles located in the 1st-4th
interosseous
space between the metacarpals
- O:
Between the metacarpal bones of 1st to 5th
fingers
- I: Proximal Phalanx of 2nd-4th fingers
- F:
Abduction of fingers:
Pulls 2nd, 4th fingers away from 3rd finger
Lumbricals
Musculi lumbricales
- Four muscles corresponding to the 2nd-5th
digits
O:
Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus
- I: Proximal Phalanx of 2nd-5th fingers
F:
Flexion of proximal phalanges
Extension of middle and distal phalanges