The global magazine for corrosion resistant alloy users, suppliers and fabricators

cover story:
A.D. Tubi Inossidabili and CPC Inox:
complementary leading companies for
Cardinali Holding

.YEARS.

KCI Publishing Celebrates

.1989 - 2024 .

In this issue...
• Aspiring to the condition of sculpture: recent stainless steel trends in architecture and construction
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• Stainless steel rockets are out of this world!

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• One-stop additive manufacturing for maritime & offshore

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Volume 36, January/February 2024

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 [ Editorial ]

A new year, new opportunities

Volume 36, January/February 2024
Stainless Steel World is the global magazine “A pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity;
for corrosion resistant alloy users, suppliers
and fabricators. an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty.”
www.stainless-steel-world.net
Sir Winston S. Churchill (1874 – 1965). UK Prime Minister, writer
Director KCI Publishing B.V
Elisa Hannan
e.hannan@kci-world.com
Tel: +31 575 585 291 As temperatures drop here in the Northern Hemisphere and
the days feel shorter than ever, there is a sense that winter is
Editor-in-Chief
Joanne McIntyre
finally closing in after a long, wet autumn. Yet there is also a
j.mcintyre@kci-world.com sense of new beginnings; the days are slowly getting longer,
Tel: +31 575 585294
and we’ve just welcomed in a new year. I hope 2024 is a
Editorial Team (print & online) healthy, happy and prosperous year for all of our stainless
press.ssw@kci-world.com
Iryna Mukha i.mukha@kci-world.com steel community, wherever you may be around the globe.
Gert Wijbrans g.wijbrans@kci-world.com
Sara Mathov s.mathov@kci-world.com This will undoubtedly be another busy year for stainless
David Sear d.sear@kci-world.com
steel manufacturers, distributors, suppliers and users
Sales & Marketing worldwide. There will, of course, be challenges; for instance,
Vera Solis Esquivel
v.solis.esquivel@kci-world.com there are currently disruptions to shipping along the Red Sea route, which will affect
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Subscription Coordinator
Renate Collet subs@kci-world.com up prices. However, there are also opportunities; nickel prices have lowered, and the
Tel: +31 575 789 269
energy transition continues apace with many projects in the solar, hydrogen, nuclear
Stainless Steel World is published ten times per year. Subscriptions and CCS industries planned or underway.
are renewed automatically in accordance
with Dutch legislation. 2024 also offers you, our readers, an opportunity to get involved in the upcoming
ISSN: 1383-7184
Duplex World Conference & Expo, which takes place on 6 & 7 November in Rotterdam,
Publishing House the Netherlands. You’ll find the Call for Papers in this issue, and I invite you to submit
KCI Publishing B.V., Leeuwenbrug 113
7411 TH Deventer, The Netherlands an abstract and become involved in this unique event. It’s your chance to network with
materials experts, suppliers and end-users from around the globe, so get ready to
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KCI Publishing B.V., PO Box 825,
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kci.deventer@kci-world.com
Tel: +31 575 585270
Bank account: ABNAMRO 56.64.05.164 This month, our special focus topic is new material developments, a subject which
BIC: ABNANL2A IBAN: NL50ABNA0566405164 encompasses all manner of advancements in the world of materials. For example,
China Office James Chater has looked at recent trends in using stainless steel for architecture,
KCI Shanghai, Room 603, 6F, #400 Zhejiang Mid. Road, 200001,
Shanghai, China building and construction, an application where many mega-projects are in the
info.shanghai@kci-world.com
Tel: +86 21 6351 9609 Fax: +86 21 6351 9607
pipeline. An article from 6K looks at how critical metals are now recycled for defence
projects to minimise lead times and ensure the security of supply. Bumax has shared
Germany Office
KCI GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 64, D-47533 Kleve, Germany a piece on how they supplied parts to the next-generation underground gravitational
info.kleve@kci-world.com
Tel: +49 2821 71145 0 Fax: +49 2821 71145 69
wave observatory – nicknamed ET, the Einstein Telescope is 100 times more sensitive
than any other instrument. In the world of additive manufacturing, the Pelagus 3D
Canada Office
36 King East, Suite 701, Toronto ON M5C 1E5, Canada joint venture plans to become the largest one-stop, on-demand digital manufacturing
info.toronto@kci-world.com solution for the maritime and offshore industries.
Tel: +1 416 361 7030 Fax: +1 416 361 6191

Singapore Office
This month, we welcome A.D. Tubi to the cover of the magazine. Their cover story covers
12 Woodlands Square #13-85, Wood Square, Singapore 737715 exciting new developments for this fabricator of welded tubes made of stainless steel,
info.singapore@kci-world.com
6 Moly, duplex, superferritic grades, nickel alloys and titanium. The company serves highly
http://twitter.com/SSW_Update demanding markets within the heat transfer industry and other special applications.
https://www.facebook.com/stainlesssteelworld Best wishes,
http://www.linkedin.com/groups/2084380/ Joanne McIntyre
http://www.youtube.com/user/kcipub Editor-in-Chief of Stainless Steel World
j.mcintyre@kci-world.com

The publishers and the authors state that this magazine has been compiled
meticulously and to the best of their knowledge, however, the publisher and
the authors can in no way guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the
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Thijs Elshof, PO Box 67, 6680 AB Lingewaard, The Netherlands

© 2024 All rights reserved

Photo: 1698204 © Maunger, Dreamstime.com

www.stainless-steel-world.net Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 3

[ Contents ]

8 COVER STORY

A.D. Tubi Inossidabili and CPC Inox: complementary

leading companies for Cardinali Holding
For many years, AD Tubi Inossidabili has been recognised as a leading Italian
manufacturer of welded tubes for many of the most demanding applications. In 2023 it
was acquired by Cardinali Holding, which also owns CPC Inox, a company with which
AD Tubi has a long-standing collaborative relationship. The move has generated great
synergies for the companies, whose product ranges complement each other without
overlap. Stainless Steel World spoke to the AD Tubi team to find out more.

12 NEW MATERIAL DEVELOPMENTS 23 COMMUNITY

Artificial intelligence designs advanced materials Duplex World Conference & Expo Call for Papers
Scientists of the Max-Planck- Join the conversation at the world’s premier event for
Institut für Eisenforschung duplex stainless steels – submit your abstract today!
have pioneered a new machine
learning model for corrosion-
resistant alloy design.
26 NICKEL
Ni catalysts: many routes to decarbonising transport
14 ARCHITECTURE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Nickel-based catalysts are key to
supplying energy to power our
Aspiring to the condition of sculpture: recent stainless transportation of goods and people,
steel trends in architecture and construction whether by land, sea, or air.
Recent trends in ABC
include greater attention to
ecological considerations 28 SPACE
and sustainability and
Stainless steel rockets are out of this world!
the adoption of AI and
In an application where every gram
“smart” manufacturing.
of weight is critical, why on earth are
Aesthetically, there is an increasing tendency to blur the
we focusing on launching stainless
distinction between architecture and sculpture.
steel rockets into space?

19 NEW MATERIAL DEVELOPMENTS 32 COMMUNITY

Recycling of critical metals for AM defence projects Award for research on tantalum alloys
A unique plasma production
TANIOBIS GmbH, a subsidiary of J.X. Metals Corporation,
system converts high-value
in collaboration with Alloyed Ltd., has been honoured with
metal scrap into high-
the prestigious Gustaf Ekeberg Award for its research paper
performance metal powders
‘Tailored Niobium-Based Alloys for Additive Manufacturing:
for additive manufacturing.
From Powder Production to Parameter Optimization.’

20 DUPLEX 33 WIRE & MESH

Award-winning bridge Industrial applications for stainless steel wire
A new bridge spanning mesh components
one of the world’s largest Stainless steel wire mesh is exceptionally strong, durable,
rivers uses both 2205 and corrosion- and heat-resistant, and has an appealing shiny
2507 duplex stainless steel luster that is ideal for architectural and industrial applications.
for strength, longevity, and
corrosion resistance.
36 ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
22 MANUFACTURING One-stop AM for maritime & offshore
World’s most advanced special steel plant opens Saving cost and time, the use of
With the opening of its state-of-the-art special steel additive manufacturing or 3D printing
plant in Kapfenberg, Austria, voestalpine marked a brings a whole new way of ensuring
technological milestone in producing pioneering high- operations keep momentum up and
performance materials. waiting times at a minimum.

4 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 www.stainless-steel-world.net

 [ Contents ]

6 Special Topic Update

38 DUPLEX
47 Community Update
Duplex pumps for ultramodern corn ethanol plant
The complex and corrosive 48 Industry Update
liquids handled in the worlds’
most modern corn ethanol plant
require duplex pumps. 55 Buyers’ Guide
The Buyers’ Guide and
Application Guide are your
essential reference tools for
40 NEW MATERIAL DEVELOPMENTS
sourcing corrosion resistant alloys.
Nuclear packaging approved by NRC
Orano has obtained transport
approval from the American ADVERTISERS’ INDEX
safety authority, the Nuclear
Regulatory Commission (NRC) Cottrill & Co 49
for its spent fuel packaging.
Jiaxing MT Stainless Steel Co., Ltd. 35

41 NEW MATERIAL DEVELOPMENTS Messe Düsseldorf GmbH 53

Slag detection system for high yields

MRC Global Inc. 64
AMETEK Land has enhanced
its slag detection system
Paul Meijering Metalen bv 27
(SDS), leading to improved
yields, higher quality end
YADA Green Energy Solutions Co., Ltd 2
products and reduced costly
downstream processing. Zhejiang Xintongda Special Steel Manufacturing Co., Ltd. 39

42 INNOVATIONS
Einstein Telescope project
The Einstein Telescope (ET) is
STAINLESS STEEL WORLD MAGAZINE
a next-generation underground is available in both
gravitational wave observatory. The
ET is being developed to be 100 PRINT and DIGITAL format
times more sensitive than current Print Subscriptions: EUR 99/year
instruments and is scheduled for completion in 2035. Digital Subscriptions: FREE! SCAN TO SUBSCRIBE

44 SUSTAINABILITY
USD 17 billion contracts for CO2-free gas
ADNOC has awarded contracts for the Hail and Ghasha
Offshore Development project. The project aims to
operate with net zero carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.

45 POWDER METALLURGY
New metal powder supplier for AM
In November, ArcelorMittal revealed it
is entering the field of metal powder,
marking the company’s entry to the
additive manufacturing business.

46 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
World’s largest petrochemical cracker
Aramco has made its biggest-ever investment in South
Korea to develop one of the world’s largest refinery-
integrated petrochemical steam crackers.
free digital subscriptions_ssw - 2.indd 1 27/06/2023 16:01:13

www.stainless-steel-world.net Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 5

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6K Additive acquires Global Metal Powders
superior corrosion resistance. The sequential dual-passivation
mechanism prevents the SS-H2 from corrosion in chloride media
to an ultra-high potential of 1700 mV. The SS-H2 demonstrates a
fundamental breakthrough over conventional stainless steel.
The employment of SS-H2 is expected to cut the cost of
structural material by about 40 times, demonstrating a great
foreground of industrial applications.

Ultra Fine line of metal powders

6K Additive has acquired Global Metal Powders (GMP). The
acquisition brings additional proprietary manufacturing and
recycling capabilities used in preparing material before the
UniMelt® spheroidizing process. Using GMP’s proprietary
technology, 6K Additive will manufacture customized
powders from a variety of revert streams across many metal
alloys including, titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), molybdenum
(Mo), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), and tungsten (W). GMP’s
manufacturing plant is based in New Castle, PA, and 6K
Additive will continue manufacturing processes at this facility.
The proprietary UniMelt system is the world’s only microwave
production-scale plasma system, with a highly uniform and Ultra Fine Specialty Products has developed a line of metal
precise plasma zone, zero contamination and high throughput powders specifically for additive manufacturing. With vacuum
production capabilities. melt and inert gas atomisation at its purpose-built facility, Ultra
Fine has been producing fine, highly spherical metal powders
since 1990. These have been widely used by the largest and most
successful Metal Injection Moulding (MIM) companies in the world.
HKU develops SS-H2
Ultra Fine also has the ability to offer smaller (down to 125
A research project led by Professor Mingxin Huang at the
kg) or larger (over 1,500 kg) heats to provide small batches
Department of Mechanical Engineering of the University
for customers testing new materials or for those using high-
of Hong Kong (HKU) has made a breakthrough in the
value, low-volume alloys. These specific powders are said
development of stainless steel for hydrogen (SS-H2).
to show increased flowability and density, and have been
The new steel exhibits high corrosion resistance, enabling
reported by numerous customers to offer superior additive
its potential application for green hydrogen production from
manufacturability and final product performance.
seawater, where a novel sustainable solution is still in the pipeline.
The performance of the new steel in salt water electrolyser is
comparable to the current industrial practice using Titanium as
Bodycote expands HIP footprint
structural parts to produce hydrogen from desalted seawater or
acid, while the cost of the new steel is much cheaper.
By using a “sequential dual-passivation” strategy, Professor
Huang’s research team developed the novel SS-H2 with

Bodycote is enhancing its Specialist Technologies business through

the expansion of the Group’s Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) footprint
and scale in the US. It will acquire two specialist technology
focussed businesses: (i) Lake City HT based in Warsaw, Indiana;
and (ii) Stack Metallurgical Group based in the Pacific Northwest
of the US. In addition, Bodycote recently announced plans to
open a new HIP plant in Los Angeles. This capacity will become
operational during 2024 and will support the rapid growth in the
Space and Civil Aviation markets in the Los Angeles area.

6 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 www.stainless-steel-world.net


BSH confirms decarbonization with Aperam
infinite™
Aperam announced that BSH Hausgeräte GmbH will use
Aperam infinite™ near-zero carbon premium stainless steel for
the first time in its dishwasher production.
In choosing Aperam infinite™, which has up to 47% lower
carbon footprint than its standard grades, BSH is able to further
advance its sustainability journey.
Aperam is particularly proud of the fact that BSH was involved
in the Aperam infinite™ project from the very beginning
participating in the discussions and work to develop this
unique product line capable of allowing end users to achieve a
significant reduction in their carbon footprint.
SteelTrace secures a project with Subsea7
SteelTrace announced a significant achievement in
collaboration with Subsea7. This partnership marks a
milestone as SteelTrace embarks on its first pipeline project
in the North Sea, reinforcing its commitment to increasing
efficiency and quality standards while meeting the digital
needs of the operator.
SteelTrace is a pioneering quality management automation
platform that revolutionises transparency, traceability, and
efficiency in the steel supply chain. The collaboration will see
SteelTrace capturing vital structured data from manufacturers
and automatically cross-referencing it against project
requirements. This advanced functionality eliminates the
need for any manual reviews, streamlining the process and
reducing the possibility of human errors. Converting this data
into a digital manufacturing record book promises increased
efficiency and a streamlined workflow. Ultimately benefiting
the entire supply chain including the operator, who can use the
collected data for life extension studies, root cause analyses
and turnaround simulations.
www.stainless-steel-world.net
[ Special Focus ]
Jacobs receives grants from UKAEA
The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) has
increased its funding for Jacobs’ research into lithium, a key
ingredient for fusion power reactors.
Under its Fusion Industry Programme, UKAEA has awarded
GBP 1.46 million for Phase 2 of the project to extend the liquid
lithium testing facility at Jacobs’ Technology & Innovation
Centre at Birchwood Park in Warrington, U.K.
Tekna receives order for Ti powder
Tekna received an order valued at CAD 1.5M for titanium
powder for medical applications. The contract is for
Tekna’s main-size titanium alloy powder is scheduled for
delivery within the first three quarters of 2024. This contract
underscores Tekna’s commitment to excellence and innovation
in the field of advanced materials and its dedication to meeting
the increasing demands of the medical sector.
Norsk expands its rapid part development
Norsk Titanium is expanding its rapid part development and
qualification capabilities to shorten the lead-time and meet
accelerated customer part verification needs.
The new capabilities include heat treatment, ultrasonic
non-destructive testing (NDT), finish machining operations,
and coordinate measuring (CMM), and will allow for Norsk
Titanium to perform all tasks needed to design, develop, and
qualify parts without adding any lead time required by the
supply chain. The expanded capabilities will also allow Norsk
Titanium to deliver limited production rapid prototypes to
customers who have urgent needs. Rapid part development
and prototyping are critical capabilities needed to meet Norsk
Titanium’s objective of developing a ‘part-in-a-day’ operation
and transitioning the number of parts needed to meet the
company’s long-term goals.
Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 7
[ Cover Story ]

The Headquarter of A.D. Tubi Inossidabili in Casnate con Bernate (CO) Italy.

A.D. Tubi Inossidabili and CPC Inox: complementary

leading companies for Cardinali Holding
For many years, A.D. Tubi Inossidabili has been recognised as a leading Italian manufacturer
of welded tubes for many of the most demanding applications. In 2023 it was acquired by
Cardinali Holding, which also owns CPC Inox, a company with which A.D. Tubi Inossidabili
has a long-standing collaborative relationship. The move has generated great synergies for
the companies, whose product ranges complement each other without overlap. Stainless
Steel World spoke to the A.D. Tubi & CPC Inox team to find out more.

By Joanne McIntyre, Stainless Steel World

In 2023, A.D. Tubi Inossidabili was
acquired by Cardinali Holding,
which also includes the CPC Inox and
Podere Vito Cardinali companies.
This move represents an investment
of more than EUR 20 million for the
Cardinali family holding company,
which with CPC INOX, a private
service center for stainless steel
which ranks among the most
important in Europe, creates a Group
of more than 300 employees.
The companies
A.D. Tubi Inossidabili, based in
Casnate con Bernate (CO), Italy,
is a specialist in the production of
welded tubes in stainless steel,
super austenitic, duplex, nickel,

8 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 www.stainless-steel-world.net

 [ Cover Story ]
raw material in various qualities of
stainless steel, assorted by thickness,
width, and finishes. This vast stock
allows the company to fulfil customer
requests with quality, rapidity,
and punctuality. The company is
actively committed to identifying
and implementing increasingly
sustainable production strategies and
techniques to minimise the impact of
its activities on the environment.

“Quality, expertise, and

flexibility are the three
pillars that characterise
AD Tubi.”
Strongly complementary entities
The transaction represents a great
opportunity for both companies to
grow and develop.
The acquisition of A.D. Tubi
Inossidabili has created a new
industrial hub of reference in the
international stainless steel market.
CPC Inox is one of the most important
private service centres for stainless
steel in Europe, and A.D. Tubi
Inossidabili is historically recognised
as one of the most solid welded tube
companies in the world. Together, the
merger has achieved two solid and
highly competitive industrial realities,
thanks to the strong complementarity
and titanium alloys for extremely and France. The company operates of the companies.
demanding markets. The product in over 23 product sectors and boasts A.D. Tubi Inossidabili and CPC
applications range from the heat a warehouse stock of 50,000 tons of Inox supply different sectors of the
exchanger industry for power
generation (including nuclear, solar,
and geothermal energy) to oil &
gas, tubes for desalination plants,
and the chemical and petrochemical
industries. Currently, the company
owns two production facilities in
Casnate con Bernate (CO) and Siler
City (North Carolina, USA).
Quality, expertise, and flexibility
are the three pillars that characterise
AD Tubi.
CPC Inox is a leading Italian company
producing strips, bars, sheets, and
tubes in stainless steel on a national
and international scale. The company
headquarters are located in Basiano
(MI), Italy, along with two production
plants in Basiano (MI) and Gessate
(MI), and an administrative office in
Milan. In addition, CPC Inox has two
commercial branches in Germany The Headquarters of CPC Inox is located in Basiano, (MI), Italy.

www.stainless-steel-world.net Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 9

[ Cover Story ]
market without overlapping. This
means the mergers translates into
a significant group advantage, as it
allows the companies to be present
in multiple industrial sectors, further
strengthening their market presence.

Few operational changes

From a strictly operational standpoint,
the acquisition has not involved
significant changes, except for a
change in the company’s leadership
and an even more efficient internal
reorganisation. Cardinali Holding is
already implementing investments in
A.D. Tubi Inossidabili that will bring
substantial improvements in various
aspects including organisational
and workflow, environmental,
communication, safety, research, and
development. Each entity will benefit
from the experience of the other,
fostering continuous improvement,
which is already inherent in the DNA
of the holding.

Customer impact
As service quality and customer
centrality have always been
distinctive features for all companies
within the Cardinali Holding, the
entry of A.D. Tubi Inossidabili
undoubtedly represents an advantage
for all customers. The companies
collaborated together long before
the acquisition. And although their
core businesses remain distinct, it is
The CEO of Cardinali Holding, Mr Stefano Cardinali.
evident that customers will benefit
from new productive and commercial
synergies.
Thanks to its deep expertise in
the reference sectors, recognised
quality, professionalism, and
ongoing investments in innovation,
research, and development,
Cardinali Holding is now a robust
presence in the stainless steel
market. It is a European center of
excellence ready to operate on a
global scale.

The companies’ range of

production
A.D. TUBI INOSSIDABILI – The
organisational changes will not
lead to any significant operational
changes. A.D. TUBI Inossidabili
operates with a complete inline lean
manufacturing process that allows
all operations to be performed
very efficiently: minimal manual
handling during production results
in consistency of the products, time
optimization and encompassing
quality control.
The company produces both GTAW
(TIG) and laser welded tubes that
offer very high quality products that
Quality testing during production. meet its customers’ needs.

10 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 www.stainless-steel-world.net


An aerial view of the massive CPC Inox warehouse facilities, where over 50,000 tonnes of stock is stored ready for rapid delivery to
customers.
The merger has generated great
synergies for the companies, whose
product ranges complement each other
without overlap.
www.stainless-steel-world.net
Ongoing investments in new
production technology, quality and
employee training have driven the
tremendous growth of the company
over the years and certify the
outstanding attention paid to its
products.
CPC INOX – CPC Inox follows
the steel-ready philosophy, ensuring
a diverse inventory of strips, bars,
sheets, and tubes in stainless
steel. This approach is rooted in
the commitment to meet the needs
of customers promptly and
accurately.
Within the flat products range,
CPC Inox offers a variety of options.
The production includes cut-to-
length strips, generated by 13 slitters
capable of producing a wide range of
products ranging, encompassing
both cold-rolled and hot-rolled
variants. Additionally, machined edge
strips are a specialty, with options
such as deburred and round edges
available.
The production capabilities extend to
sheets and plates, facilitated by two
flattening lines.
Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
[ Cover Story ]
CPC Inox’s expertise further
includes slit and round-edged flat
bars. The range expands to satin-
finished round-edged slit flat bars,
offering one- to four-sided satin
finishes (standard or customized
satin grain).
Cpc Inox division Tube Solutions
specialises in the production of laser-
welded stainless-steel tubes of the
latest generation. It offers tubular
solutions of the highest quality for
the most technically complex and
service-intensive applications. In its
machining and inspection processes,
CPC Inox Tube Solutions uses only
state-of-the-art tools such as laser
welding lines and laser cutting
equipment.
Hydra-To-Zero
Under the HydraToZero brand,
CPC Inox has become a supplier
of partially corrugated tubes, a
system that, consisting of a single
flexible tube without additional
joints, effectively eliminates water
loss. CPC INOX is committed to
being an active part of social and
environmental change.
11
[ New Material Developments ]

Artificial intelligence designs advanced materials

Scientists of the Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung
have pioneered a new machine learning model for
corrosion-resistant alloy design.
By Yasmin Ahmed Salem for Max Planck Institute
In a world where annual economic
losses from corrosion surpass USD
2.5 trillion, the quest for corrosion-
resistant alloys and protective coatings
is continuous. Artificial intelligence
(AI) is playing an increasingly pivotal
role in designing new alloys. Yet,
the predictive power of AI models in
foreseeing corrosion behaviour and
suggesting optimal alloy formulas has
remained elusive. Scientists of the
Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung
(MPIE) have developed a machine
A Text input
Solution annealed at 1100C for 20min and water quenched
sequence
NLP
Processing
Tokenizing
layer
25 309
0.0897
Embedding
layer
2.0195
11.236
dimensionality
learning model that enhances the
predictive accuracy by up to 15%
compared to existing frameworks.
This model uncovers new, but realistic
corrosion-resistant alloy compositions.
Its distinct power arises from fusing
both numerical and textual data.
Initially developed for the critical realm
of resisting pitting corrosion in high-
strength alloys, this model’s versatility
can be extended to all alloy properties.
The researchers have published their
results in the journal Science Advances.
Constant-length vector of integer tokens
5 40 9 87 17 11 12 0 0 0 0
8.1451 -0.1245
2.0195 0.0057
13.478 100.12
Merging texts and numbers
“Every alloy has unique properties
concerning its corrosion resistance.
These properties depend not only on
the alloy composition itself but also
on the alloy’s manufacturing process.
Current machine learning models are
only able to benefit from numerical data.
However, processing methodologies
and experimental testing protocols,
which are mostly documented by
textual descriptors, are crucial to
explain corrosion,”, explains Dr. Kasturi
Narasimha Sasidhar, lead author of the
publication and former postdoctoral
researcher at MPIE.
The research team used language
processing methods akin to ChatGPT,
in combination with machine learning
(ML) techniques for numerical data,
to develop a fully automated natural
language processing framework.
Moreover, involving textual data in the
ML framework allows the identification
of enhanced alloy compositions
resistant to pitting corrosion.
“We trained the deep-learning model
with intrinsic data that contain information
about corrosion properties and
composition. Now the model is capable
of identifying alloy compositions that
are critical for corrosion resistance even

if the individual elements were not fed

Embedding

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initially into the model”, says Dr. Michael

-35.789
3.1548 6.1578
Rohwerder, co-author of the publication
8.4178 8.5421 51.236
and head of the group Corrosion at MPIE.
Inputs for
dense layer
LSTM layer
(n=32) Pushing boundaries: automated
data mining and image processing
In the recently devised framework,
Sasidhar and his team harnessed
B Numerical features (n=29)
• Material parameters (26)
manually gathered data as textual
• Test Environment (3)
descriptors. Presently, their objective
lies in automating the process of data
Test method NLP processing mining and seamlessly integrating
it into the existing framework. The
Output
(Pitting potential) incorporation of microscopy images
Heat treatment NLP processing
marks another milestone, envisioning
the next generation of AI frameworks
that converge textual, numerical, and
Comments NLP processing
Hidden layers: 32 image-based data.
Dropout = 0.5

Scan rate NLP processing About MPIE

The team of the Max-Planck-Institut
Dense input layer:
157 nodes
Hidden layers: 64
Dropout = 0.5
für Eisenforschung conducts advanced
basic materials research for the fields of
Figure 1. (A) Schemiatc representation of the entire process-aware deep neural mobility, energy, infrastructure, medicine
network model. (B) Schematic illustration of the data processing workflow carried out and digitalisation. The focus lies on
nanostructured metallic materials as well as
within the natural language processing (NLP) module. LSTM: long short-term memory.
semiconductors.
Image taken from Science Advances, DOI: 1126/sciadv.adg7992

12 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 www.stainless-steel-world.net

Heat Exchanger World
Conference & Expo Europe
6 & 7 November 2024 Rotterdam Ahoy, Netherlands

“EXCHANGE WHAT MATTERS”

CONFERENCE
EXHIBITION
NETWORKING

Proudly sponsored by:

www.heat-exchanger-world-europe.com
Aspiring to the condition of sculpture:
recent stainless steel trends in
architecture and construction

The industries collectively known as ABC – Architecture, Building & Construction – are taking
a bit of a breather after the post-Covid rebound. But many megaprojects are in the pipeline, as
well as several prestige projects designed to beautify public or urban spaces. Recent trends
include greater attention to ecological considerations and sustainability and the adoption of
AI and “smart” manufacturing, especially 3D printing. Aesthetically, there is an increasing
tendency to blur the distinction between architecture and sculpture. In all these developments,
stainless steel plays an important role.

By James Chater
The Salmon Eye is a floating exhibition pavilion and
aquaculture visitor centre on Norway’s Hardangerfjord,
which Kvorning Design created with a façades formed
from stainless steel plates designed to mimic fish scales.
[ Architecture Building Construction ]
Outlook
The ABC industry is both cyclic and
capital-intensive. Rising interest rates
have put a dent in both investment and
financing, and the industry is also facing
a labour shortage that will increase
costs. For these reasons, following
a post-Covid uptick in activity, the
sector has been slowing of late. This is
especially the case in Europe, above
all with the faltering of the German
economy.
Another significant factor, given that
ABC is a huge consumer of energy,
is rising energy costs. This, together
with the impact on the environment
(box), provides a great incentive for the
ABC industry to consume less energy
and use more sustainable materials
(such as stainless steel, which is 100%
Did you know?
• The IEA (International Energy Agency)
estimates that the building and construction
sector accounts for 36% of worldwide
energy use and 40% of CO2 emissions.
• In planning to rebuild America, President
Joe Biden seems to have taken a leaf from
the fictional US president Tom Kirkman
in the Netflix TV series Designated
Survivor. A former architect, Kirkman’s
flagship policy is to rebuild the USA’s
infrastructure. After failing to get his bill
passed by Congress, he resorts to private
finance to get the job done.
The Museum of the future, Dubai designed by the local architectural firm Killa Design.
Its façade is clad in stainless steel and is perforated to show Arabic calligraphy forming
poems that describe the vision for Dubai’s future.
16 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
recyclable). Greater efficiency can also
come about through smart technologies
such as AI, 3D-printing (box), drones
and other automation. The transition
towards greener energy is driving
activities such as insulation, solar panels
and heat pumps. More efficient water
management will require stainless steel
for pipes and tanks.
Regions where the most growth is
expected are the Asia Pacific (especially
China) and the Middle East. Several
megaprojects are taking shape in
these parts of the world – though many
that were announced a long time ago
have yet to materialise. Among those
that are imminent is Saudi Arabia’s
megacity NEOM (designed to be a
smart and sustainable metropolis and
having at its centre a belt-shaped
series of skyscrapers called the
Line), the Red Sea projects, and the
Amaala tourism development. Work
is underway on several resorts, and
the one on Sheybarah Island consists
of 38 prefabricated overwater villas
with stainless steel orbs that float over
the water, reflecting the sea, sky, and
reef below. Elsewhere in the Middle
East, Dubai has added an impressive
landmark, its Museum of the Future, in
which stainless steel cladding is used
to form a torus-shaped shell perforated
with Arabic script. Meanwhile, in Abu
Dhabi, yet another museum designed
by Frank Gehry is taking shape, with
its characteristically outlandish shapes
recalling other buildings by the
same architect. Nothing has yet been
announced about the materials to be
used, but Gehry is well known for his
predilection for titanium and stainless
steel.
Despite recent problems in its housing
market, China too is forging ahead with
ambitious projects ranging from the
massive Belt and Road Initiative to smart
cities such as Xiong’an and Shenzhen.
India currently has even more
infrastructure projects than China and
seems determined to reduce its carbon
emissions. It is also a large consumer
of stainless steel both in absolute terms
and per capita. This is likely to continue,
as New Delhi’s School of Planning
and Architecture (SPA) and the Indian
Stainless Steel Development Association
(ISSDA) are collaborating to promote
knowledge about the use of stainless
steel in the field of architecture.
Although the USA is undergoing a slump
in domestic building, its crumbling
infrastructure is undergoing a massive
overhaul, with new bridges, roads,
and transportation. Non-residential
construction has been booming for 17
months. In the construction of bridges,
grade 410 (martensitic-ferritic dual-
phase) has been preferred in the
past, but no doubt inspired by recent
examples in Europe, duplex grades
are now being reassessed, with recent
examples including the Iowa-Illinois
Memorial Bridge (duplex grade 2205
and super duplex 2507).
Stainless use
Stainless steel has become fashionable
because it combines beauty with
practicality. Among the practical
considerations are life-cycle costs, ease
of maintenance, and sustainability.
Corrosion resistance is also important
3D printing
3D-printing of houses started in 2021 and
is usually applied to materials such as
cement. The first significant stainless-steel
3D-printed structure was MX3D’s pedestrian
bridge, temporarily installed in the heart of
Amsterdam. MX3D’s WAAM technology
(using robots) was applied to a collection of
steel 3D-printed modular houses in Orani,
Sardinia. 3D printing has also been applied
in sculpture. William Chance 3D-prints
sculptures in 316(L) stainless steel and
other materials for customers world-wide.
www.stainless-steel-world.net
 [ Architecture Building Construction ]
in coastal and marine environments.
In weight-sensitive structures such as
bridges, duplex stainless steel, which
is strong in relation to its weight, is
becoming more widely used. Because
of its relative lightness, duplex is easier
to transport and install, thereby saving
fuel costs.
The forms in which stainless steel is
applied are well-established, including
rebar, cladding (of roofs or walls),
and mesh for architecture and railing
and bollards in street furniture. Mirror
polishing is a feature found in both
buildings and sculpture, and it often
seems that modern architecture is
aspiring to the condition of sculpture.
The innovative, playful and daring
shapes that allow this are often
facilitated by the application of stainless
steel. The Malinka Gallery in BC, Canada, built into a rocky hillside, has three façades and a roof
all made of stainless-steel panels.
Rebar
As stainless steel reinforcement bar
(rebar) is embedded in concrete
and therefore invisible, its use is
purely functional, having no aesthetic
benefits. Yet its use on bridges and
overpasses often underpins beautiful
structures that also make visible use
of stainless steel. This is the case in
many recently constructed bridges in
Europe and North America. Stainless
(and increasingly nowadays, duplex
stainless) rebar is resistant to de-icing
salts and so finds favour in regions with
severe winters(1).

Cladding
With cladding we come to the most The +010 Building is located in the heart of Hakata ward in Fukuoka, Japan. Photo: GION.
frequently applied way of using
stainless steel to achieve an aesthetic manner that subverts the normally shapes, for instance the Salmon Eye
effect or make a statement. Cladding two-dimensional nature of surface by on the Hardangerfjord, Norway, which
can take various forms, some of them introducing a third dimension, in the takes its name from its round shape
ironic. For instance, the Tower in form of 11,000 stainless-steel bricks. and is covered with 9,500 stainless
Arles, southern France, is clad in a Cladding can assume interesting steel plates evoking a fish’s scaly skin.
Especially complex is the 010 Building,
a theatre in Fukuoka, Japan, wrapped
in spiralling stainless-steel panels that
subvert the traditional idea of façade
and blur the distinction between back
and front in a way that resembles
sculpture.
Cladding can also be applied to roofs,
and Nippon Steel has invented a special
titanium-composite material called
ALPOLIC/fr TCM for this purpose.
It contains TranTixxii titanium and
NSSC220M, a ferritic stainless-steel
sheet. The material has been applied
The aptly named Balancing Barn, from Mole Architects, is clad in Ugi Bright stainless steel twice in Jiangsu, China, at the Centre for
(type 316) from Arcelor Mittal. It is located by a small lake in the English countryside. Performing Arts and the International
Photo: © Edmund Sumner. Courtesy of MVRDV and Living Architecture. Conference Centre.

www.stainless-steel-world.net Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 17

[ Architecture Building Construction ]

Rob Mullholland’s Vestige project consists of sculptures of human figures in mirror-finish 316L stainless steel located on a Scottish
hillside. The figures represent a vestige, a faint trace of the past people and communities that once occupied and lived in this space.
The figures absorb their environment, reflecting on their surface the daily changes of life in the forest. Images: Rob Mulholland.

Mirror finish Mesh

Mirror finishes are a special form
of surface designed to reflect the
surroundings in a literal sense. Recent
examples include a pipe-shaped cabin in
Russia’s Nikola-Lenivets Art Park, whose
outer surface reflects the surrounding
forest. Similar is the Malinka Gallery in
BC, Canada, in which a pre-existing house
was extended with a space enclosed by
stainless-steel mirror-polished panels
reflecting the surroundings, in such a way
that it is difficult to tell what is reflection
and what is direct view.
Mirror finish also plays an important role in
sculpture. In this respect, the Cloud Gate
in Chicago (nicknamed The Bean), with
its distorted reflection of the surrounding
park and buildings, was epoch-making,
inspiring many imitations. For example,
Lincoln Raikes supplies stainless-steel
spheres for use in industry and sculpture.
Rob Mulholland makes mirror-polish
statues, including the Vestige project, in
which ghost-like figures were placed on a
wooded hillside in Scotland to evoke the
crofters who used to live there.
Meshing and screens are an important
function often fulfilled by stainless
steel. Their use tends to give a hazy,
bluish-chrome nuance to exteriors,
and can also help to protect against
solar glare, heat, wind, or rain while
still letting enough light in. This is
the case in a new campus of Harvard
University that features the world’s
first hydroformed stainless-steel
screen. (Hydroforming is a type of die
moulding in which metal is formed
using highly pressurised fluid.) Mesh
has recently been applied in two TENSIOMESH® from GKD is used to adjust
sports venues. GKD is supplying its and control the pretension of GKD fabric
proprietary TENSIOMESH® system for façades. It is permanently installed in the
the roof of the Roland Garros tennis façade system and placed between the
stadium in Paris, France, which will substructure and the lower attachment.
open for the 2024 Olympics. The
same company is supplying the Perth Conclusion
Rectangular Stadium in Australia with Stainless steel and (more rarely)
32 panels with a total of 2,000 square titanium are ideal materials for
metres of Omega 1520 stainless-steel fulfilling the aesthetic aspirations and
mesh with bronze weft. In short, mesh practical considerations required
is an excellent way of combining the in postmodern architecture. The
elegant and the practical. playful, subversive, and ironical or
paradoxical forms and techniques
used can be especially well expressed
by stainless steel, with its easy
formability and practical advantages.
The rise of smart technologies such as
WAAM and AI suggests that this trend
is by no means over.

References
(1) For more details, see my survey
on bridges in Stainless Steel
The Centre for Performing Arts and International Conference Centre in Jiangsu, China, is
World, November issue, 2023.
clad in the titanium composite material ALPOLIC/fr TCM. Photo Nippon Steel.

18 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 www.stainless-steel-world.net

 [ Material Developments ]

Recycling of critical metals for AM defence projects

A unique plasma
production system converts
high-value metal scrap
into high-performance
metal powders for additive
manufacturing, metal
injection molding, and
other powder metallurgy
production techniques.

Text by 6K

6K Additive, a division of 6K Inc. and

a leading company in the sustainable
production of materials for additive
manufacturing has been awarded a
5-year Blanket Purchase Agreement
(BPA) from Army Contracting Command
in support of US Army Development
Command (DEVCOM) for strategic high-
performance metal powders. The BPA
supports increased weapons research
and development initiatives at DEVCOM
and helps meet additional demand for the
manufacturing of prototypes and small-
quantity manufacturing for Low-Rate
Initial Production (LRIP). 6K Additive’s
metal powders will be produced utilising
the company’s proprietary UniMelt®
microwave plasma platform, which
underpins 6K’s capability to source,
process, and reclaim scrap components,
shop scrap, and used powders for
conversion into aerospace-grade metal
powders.
Lieutenant Colonel Peter J. Stambersky,
USA Retired and Director of Federal
Affairs at 6K, said, “This agreement
provides the US Army DEVCOM with
Non-eroding throat insert for a solid
rocket nozzle printed at Quadrus
Corporation with 6K Additive tungsten
rhenium metal powder. Photo ©6K
The UniMelt® plasma production system converts high-value metal scrap from military
hardware into high-performance metal powders. Photo courtesy of US Department of
Defense, Photographer Navy Petty Officer 3rd Class Janae Chambers
access to critical materials for additive
manufacturing derived from feedstock
right here in the US.”
Converting high-value scrap
6K’s UniMelt® plasma production system
is capable of converting high-value
metal scrap of numerous forms into
high-performance metal powders for
additive manufacturing, metal injection
molding, and other powder metallurgy
production techniques. By doing so, they
provide access to a vast domestic supply
“Components from
retired military aircraft
and vehicles can be
reprocessed into
powders.”
of strategically important metals and alloys
such as nickel and titanium from machine
shops and boneyards, as well as refractory
powders such as C103, tungsten, and
others that are critical to the mission of
the modern warfighter. The patented
6K Additive process cleans, prepares,
and spheroidizes scrap alloys into
high-quality powders with performance
superior to atomisation technologies.
This process will provide the US military
with a secure, traceable domestic supply
of critical materials while eliminating
unexpected performance anomalies due
to questionable sourcing from foreign
supply. The Department of Defense (DoD)
has identified the following benefits:
Reducing risk of dependence on
foreign supply: As there is constrained
domestic availability of strategic metals
such as superalloys, the ability to utilise
materials from the nation’s boneyards
and machine shops, such as end-of-life
components, shop scrap, or used powders
and convert them into high-quality
materials, provides the US military with a
secure domestic supply of critical metals.
Closed-loop enhanced security:
Of crucial concern is the quality and
consistency of foreign-sourced materials.
Recycling previously qualified DoD parts,
shop scrap, and used powders creates a
closed loop for material, with the quality
being known and traceable. Unexpected
performance anomalies due to
questionable sourcing can be prevented.
Advanced systems faster to the
field: High-quality recycled materials
will help the DoD develop and adopt
advanced additive manufacturing, metal
injection molding, and powder forging
processes more quickly, allowing them
to create parts with novel functionality,
reduce engineering cycles and
accelerate “make-to-fly” cycles.
Managing costs while maximising
quality: Using already certified scrap as
raw material dramatically reduces the
material cost of goods for manufactured
parts and ensures they meet the desired
specifications.

www.stainless-steel-world.net Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 19

Photo ©Lunda Construction Co.

Award-winning bridge
Bridges influence the quality of life for an entire region by providing a way across rivers,
ravines, and other obstacles. Duplex stainless steels in bridge design help avoid road
closures for both replacement and maintenance. A new bridge spanning one of the world’s
largest rivers uses both 2205 and 2507 duplex stainless steel for strength, longevity, and
corrosion resistance.

By Karlee Williston, MolyReview Editor

The I-74 bridge, officially known as
the Iowa-Illinois Memorial Bridge, lies
in the cold and snowy midwestern US,
about an hour east of Chicago on the
Mississippi River. It’s often called the
“Twin Bridges” because route I-74
runs across a pair of arch bridges, one
inbound to Iowa and one into Illinois.
For the people who depend on bridges
for transportation, these structures
signal either a sense of security or one
of neglect. Fortunately, the bridges’
recent replacement involves some of
the best materials available, carefully
selected to last a century with minimal
maintenance.
More molybdenum please
384 prestressed anchor rods made
from 2507 duplex stainless steel
secure the bridges’ eight arch ends
to the massive reinforced concrete
abutments supporting route I-74. Each
bridge is designed to carry 100,000
vehicles per day. Anchor rod systems
in bridges need very careful design
and detailing as they are highly
loaded and often exposed to very
concentrated chloride salts. High
concentrations of extremely corrosive
deicing salts, such as the magnesium
and calcium chlorides used on the I-74,
combined with the cyclic loading of
the highly stressed anchor rods from
bridge traffic, pose a risk to structural
integrity. Salt slurry can enter the
crevices between the concrete slabs
and bolted bar ends. Safe design must
assume that the sealant in this area will

20 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 www.stainless-steel-world.net


Note on deicing salt
Until recently, sodium chloride
(NaCl), or “rock salt” was the only
deicing salt available. Sodium
chloride is effective at temperatures
down to -21°C. When it gets
colder, or when pretreatment for
ice prevention is needed, calcium
chloride (CaCl2) and magnesium
chloride (MgCl2) are used, either
individually or as a mixture.
These harsher salts are applied
seasonally on the I-74 bridge. Cold
temperatures can suppress corrosion
reactions – sodium chloride does
not damage surfaces unless the
temperature reaches 10°C with 76%
humidity. But magnesium and calcium
chloride are more corrosive; they
cause damage at 0°C with 45 – 50%
humidity. Many bridges worldwide
were constructed well before deicing
became widespread in the 1960s and
did not consider the effects of sodium
chloride, let alone more corrosive
compounds. Learn more about road
salt and structural degradation
in Deicing Salt – Recognizing the
Corrosion Threat on IMOA’s website:
https://bit.ly/deicing_salt
fail. Extreme tensile (pulling) stress
on the bar’s relatively small surface
area, combined with salt exposure,
can create a catastrophic combination:
crevice corrosion and chloride stress
corrosion cracking (CSCC) failure.
Therefore, designers chose 2507
over an alloy with less molybdenum.
The higher addition of molybdenum
(4%) reduces the likelihood of CSCC
failure by inhibiting the formation of
corrosion pits.
Tying the 2205 duplex rebar to the arch
deck. Photo ©Lunda Construction Co.
www.stainless-steel-world.net
View of the new white I-74 bridge shortly after opening to the public. The old green
bridge was demolished soon after. Photo ©Lunda Construction Co.
In addition to superior corrosion
resistance, Simpson, Gumpertz & Heger
(SGH) structural researchers also
chose 2507 duplex stainless steel for its
increased strength, toughness in low
temperatures, and performance under
strain. With greater strength, designers
were able to use fewer anchor rods
with greater spacing, resulting in no
cost increase to the overall project.
The strength of super duplex stainless
steel was just as important to the design
team’s choice as its resistance to
deicing salt.
Decked out with duplex
Super duplex isn’t the only stainless
steel used here. The twin bridges also
contain significant amounts of 2205
duplex stainless steel as rebar in the
concrete abutments, bridge deck, and
impact barriers. 2205 duplex stainless
steel, with its 3% molybdenum,
provides substantially more corrosion
Torquing the 2507 super duplex anchor
rods. Photo ©Lunda Construction Co.
Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
[ Duplex ]
resistance than the carbon steel
rebar used in the original bridge.
Molybdenum’s ability to suppress
corrosion thereby helps achieve the
required 100-year service life. The
I-74 bridge also convinced the jurors
of the 2022 Major Span Prize Bridge
Award. Organized by the American
Institute of Steel Construction (AISC)
and the National Steel Bridge Alliance
(NSBA), this prestigious award
recognizes the bridge as the winner
for its creativity and innovation in
design. The difference between
the old and new bridges speaks for
itself. At night, lavender LED lights
on the new arch bridges welcome
passengers over their widened
thoroughfares. The bridge is also
now much safer for pedestrians, who
are provided with floor windows that
offer views of the river below. The
old bridges, narrow and peeling,
were too difficult to maintain in the
river with its high winds, fluctuating
water levels, and frigid winters. With
the mechanical properties of duplex
stainless steels, a far superior piece
of infrastructure now sees commuters
across one of the US’s most critical
arteries.
About IMOA
Reproduced with the kind permission
of the International Molybdenum
Association (IMOA). IMOA is a non-
profit trade association representing
the majority of the molybdenum
industry worldwide. For information,
visit www.imoa.info
21
[ Manufacturing ]
World’s most advanced special steel plant opens
With the opening of its
state-of-the-art special
steel plant in Kapfenberg,
Austria, voestalpine
marked a technological
milestone in producing
pioneering high-
performance materials
for the international
automotive, energy, and
aerospace industries.
Text & images by voestalpine
The new plant, which the company
claims is the world’s most advanced
in terms of digitalisation and
sustainability, is the first of its type
to be constructed in Europe in four
decades. Once fully operational, it
will have the capacity to produce
205,000 tons of special steels annually
for highly sophisticated customer
segments.
“It will allow us to enhance our
competitiveness in the global market.
At the same time, this major investment
will help to maintain prosperity and
jobs in the region over the long term,”
says Herbert Eibensteiner, CEO of
voestalpine AG.
The new construction secures around
3,500 jobs at voestalpine’s Styrian
sites in Kapfenberg and Mürzzuschlag
(voestalpine Böhler Edelstahl,
voestalpine Böhler Aerospace, and
voestalpine Böhler Bleche); the new
plant itself will have a workforce of
around 150 employees.
22 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
High degree of digitalisation
The new plant meets the most advanced
Industry 4.0 standards: around 8,000
process data are continuously acquired,
implemented, and evaluated in parallel.
All the melting processes are directed
from a central control station.
The employees are trained in robotics,
sensors, and data analysis at the
company’s on-site Digitalization
Competence Center. Training
tomorrow’s generation of skilled workers
at the modern training center focuses on
the digital workplace, and a new campus
for 60 apprentices is under construction
to ensure future apprentice training.
Another highlight of the new plant lies
in its environmentally friendly and
sustainable steel production. Heat will be
released from the smelters to the district
heating system; cooling takes place via
a closed loop; and the plant operates
extremely efficiently. At the heart of the
plant is the electric arc furnace, which will
be operated using only green electricity.
High performance metals division
The voestalpine Group’s High
Performance Metals Division focuses
on producing and processing high-
performance materials and customer-
specific services such as heat treatment,
high-tech surface treatments, and
additive manufacturing processes—
increasingly using digital technologies.
The Division is a market leader for
tool steel and high-speed steels, valve
steels as well as other products made of
special steels, powder materials, nickel-
based alloys, titanium, and components,
some of which are produced using
additive manufacturing technologies.
The Division has set itself the goal
of making sustainability integral to
every aspect of its work. Its most
important customer segments are the
automotive supplier industry, oil and gas
exploration, mechanical engineering
industry, consumer goods, and
aerospace industries. In the business
year 2022/23, the High Performance
Metals Division reported revenue of
around EUR 3.8 billion, of which about
50% was generated outside Europe,
and an operating result (EBITDA)
of EUR 562 million; it had around
13,700 employees worldwide.
About voestalpine
voestalpine, which operates globally, has
around 500 Group companies and locations in
more than 50 countries. In the business year
2022/23, the Group generated revenue of EUR
18.2 billion, with an operating result (EBITDA)
of EUR 2.5 billion; it has around 51,200
employees worldwide.
www.stainless-steel-world.net
 Duplex World

2024
Conference & Expo
6 & 7 November 2024, Rotterdam Ahoy, the Netherlands Conference & Expo

CALL FOR PAPERS

“Enabling sustainable solutions”

CONFERENCE – EXHBITION- NETWORKING
Proudly sponsored by:

Organised by:

www.stainless-steel-world-duplex.com
 Join us at

2024
Conference & Expo

Duplex World is the leading knowledge, networking and business event for the global
duplex community. Share your knowledge and experience and build your network!

Duplex World unites materials researchers, manufacturers, end-users and suppliers in an open and focused forum.
It is the world’s premier event for duplex stainless steel, offering a highly focused niche gathering covering the entire
supply chain.

CALL FOR PAPERS – HOW CAN YOU TAKE PART?

Join the conversation by giving a presentation or taking part in a discussion-based workshop.

➊ PRESENT A TECHNICAL PAPER ➋ JOIN A DISCUSSION-BASED WORKSHOP

If you’d rather not give a technical presentation, a
workshop is ideal for an informal discussion of a for
example a case study or practical example of duplex use
or theme. Headed by an expert Moderator, the theme is
explored with discussions supported by speakers who
share a few PowerPoint slides then invite questions from
the audience. To join a workshop, please submit an outline
of your topic by 23 February 2024

If you would like to give a technical presentation, please

submit a 300-500 word abstract outlining the topic
and content of your material for consideration by the
Steering Committee by 23 February 2024. Note that
on acceptance, speakers are only required to prepare
a PowerPoint for their presentation: full papers are not
required.

IMPORTANT DATES: ➠ ABSTRACT DEADLINE: 23 February 2024

➠ NOTIFICATION OF ACCEPTANCE: 19 APRIL 2024
➠ SEND FINAL POWER POINT: 18 OCTOBER 2024

SUBMIT YOUR ABSTRACT TO: bit.ly/49DFIEr or: Email: j.mcintyre@kci-world.com

www.stainless-steel-world-duplex.com
www.stainless-steel-world-duplex.com
Duplex World 2024!
“I am pleased to invite you to the upcoming Duplex
World Conference & Expo 2024, on 6 & 7 November
2024 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
The Duplex World Conference is an excellent
opportunity to bring together experts, researchers,
and industry professionals from around the
world to exchange knowledge, share insights,
and discuss the latest developments in the field
of duplex stainless steel. This event will provide a
unique platform for networking and collaboration,
fostering innovation and addressing the challenges
facing the stainless steel industry as well as end
users today.”
Conference Chairman
Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Yassar GHANIMI
Head of R&D Services,
Group Quality and
Safety Management,
ANDRITZ AG
Showcase your company @ Duplex World 2024. Duplex World exhibition is the ideal
platform to promote your company’s products and services!
EXHIBITION STANDS
Stands are a full commercial opportunity
to allow your company to benefit from the
attention from the engineers, procurement
managers, decision makers of the industry
gathered together, and facilitates direct B2B activity.
Row stand: € 300 / m2 Corner stand: € 375 / m2
www.stainless-steel-world-duplex.com
www.stainless-steel-world-duplex.com
SUGGESTED PRESENTATION TOPICS
Duplex World conference aims to cover the specification,
manufacture and use of duplex stainless steels in a wide
variety of applications and industries. Possible topics
include, but are not limited to, the following:
• Architecture, building, construction, infrastructure
• Additive manufacturing & welding
• Carbon Capture Utilisation & Storage
• Case studies
• Casting & forging
• Chemical & petrochemical
• Cladding & overlay
• Desalination, water handling
• Energy transition
• End-user requirements
• Heat treatment
• Improving quality & avoiding failures
• Innovations, new grades & applications
• Lean, super & hyper duplexes
• Oil & gas
• Renewable energies
• Subsea & marine applications
NETWORKING LOUNGES
Lounges provide an opportunity for
companies to network directly with clients
and peers in an informal setting – ideal for
discussions.
Lounge: € 5,900,-
North America’s first hydrogen-powered passenger train made its debut in 2023 on a route from Quebec City to Baie-Saint-Paul.
Expanded view of AWE cell In AWEs, nickel is found in the anode, the cathode, and in the flow field components of the electrolyser
cell. @Copyright Alstom SA 2023

Nickel catalysts: the many routes to

decarbonising transport
Nickel-based catalysts are key to supplying energy to power our transportation of goods and
people, whether by land, sea, or air. In addition to their role in the production of biodiesel,
renewable diesel and SAF (sustainable aviation fuel), nickel catalysts are used for water
electrolysers for hydrogen production. Hydrogen can then be burned directly, used in fuel cells,
used to hydrotreat other renewable fuels, or be converted to another fuel such as methanol
or ammonia. Hydrogen can also be used in the net-zero production of other chemicals, or for
production of steel from iron ore.

By Steve Deutsch, The Catalyst Group, for Nickel Institute

Electroysers and fuel cells
Electrolysers split water into oxygen and
hydrogen. A fuel cell is an electrolyser
in reverse, combining oxygen and
hydrogen into water to produce
electricity. When produced using
renewable energy, this is called “green”
hydrogen, and the International Energy
Agency predicts that demand for it will
explode over the next 25 years.
There are four types of electrolysers
available today: polymer electrolyte
membrane (also known as proton-
exchange membrane, PEM), alkaline
water electrolyser (AWE), anion
exchange membrane (AEM), and
solid-oxide electrolyser cell (SOEC).
While PEM electrolysers are the
most efficient, they require the use of
platinum and iridium as electrocatalysts,
while the other three technologies use
nickel-based electrocatalysts. Of the
nickel-containing types, AWEs are
the most commercially advanced. In
AWEs, nickel is found in the anode,
the cathode, and in the flow field
components of the electrolyser cell.
The flow field consists of a loose nickel
mesh, to allow for easy transport of
electrolyte and evolved gases. The
anode is typically an engineered nickel
mesh consisting of sintered fibres,
while the cathode is a similar nickel
fibre mesh coated with a catalyst. These
catalysts are proprietary to the supplier,
but NiFeOx is commonly used.
Electrolysers
AEM Anion exchange membrane
AWE Alkaline water electrolyser
PEM Polymer electrolyte membrane/
Proton-exchange membrane
SOEC Solid-oxide electrolyser cell

26 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 www.stainless-steel-world.net

 [ Nickel ]
Pros and cons of different catalysts
The relatively low capital cost of AWEs has
led to their increasing use, but in order
to minimise production costs and meet
the demand for renewable electricity,
AEMs and SOECs are being introduced.
AEMs have the benefit of higher electrical
efficiency compared to AWEs, while using
similar materials, and so are often thought
of as an intermediate between AWEs
and PEMs. Like AWEs, AEMs use nickel
meshes to control flow and to deliver
current, and also use nickel catalysts. In
contrast to the relatively simple catalysts
used in AWEs, AEM catalysts tend to
be more highly engineered. Proposed
anode catalysts showing high performance
Expanded view of AWE cell
include NiFe double layered hydroxides
In AWEs, nickel is found in the anode, the cathode, and in the flow field components of the
supported on carbon paper and NiCoSe
electrolyser cell. ©Copyright 2016 Industrie De Nora S.P.A.
alloys supported on Ni foam. Cathode
catalysts tend to be NiFe and NiCo alloys
supported on Ni mesh. Irreplaceable nickel
SOECs operate at very high These are just examples of the About Nickel Institute
temperatures (>600 °C) and offer high role that catalysts and other The Nickel Institute is the global association
efficiency with the ability to integrate components using nickel will play of leading primary nickel producers. Its
waste heat into industrial applications. In in a decarbonised future. Nickel’s
mission is to advocate for the responsible
SOECs, the electrocatalyst, often Ni metal relatively low cost, inertness to caustic
particles, is supported directly on the substances, and specific performance supply and sustainable development of nickel
electrolyte, which is a metal oxide that features in electrolysers make it an and the nickel industry. For information,
becomes conductive to ions at the high irreplaceable part of these emerging
visit nickelinstitute.org
operating temperature. technologies.

Suppliers of stainless steel Experts in customization

PIPES | SHEETS | FLANGES |

(BUTT WELD) FITTINGS | BARS

www.paulmeijering.nl

LASER CUTTING
of PIPES and SHEETS

Press braking | Sawing | Deburring | Re-marking

www.stainless-steel-world.net Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 27

Stainless steel rockets are out of
this world!
In an application where
every gram of weight
is critical, why on
earth are we launching
stainless steel rockets
into space?
By Joanne McIntrye, Stainless Steel World
The space industry has gone through
many ups and downs (literally!) since
the heady days of the space race in
the 1960s. By the time the 30-year-long
Space Shuttle program was mothballed
in 2011, public interest was waning,
enthusiasm for enormously costly and
risky space missions was at an all-time
low, and one thing we all knew was
that spaceships had to be as light as
possible to get off the ground and into
orbit.
Fast forward to 2022, when American
engineer Elon Musk founded SpaceX.
His ambition was to reduce space
transportation costs sufficiently to make
the colonisation of Mars possible. His
plans quickly caught the imagination of
a new generation of space enthusiasts
who embraced the idea of renewable
rockets, lower-cost space travel and
wider accessibility to space.
Affordable space travel
Musks’ successes are undeniable;
SpaceX is the first private company
to develop a liquid-propellant rocket
that has reached orbit; to launch, orbit,
and recover a spacecraft; to send a
spacecraft to the International Space
Station; and to send astronauts to the
International Space Station. It is also
the first organisation of any type to
achieve a vertical propulsive landing
of an orbital rocket booster and the
first to re-use such a booster.
The company’s Falcon 9 rockets have
landed and reflown more than 200
times.1 SpaceX is now developing
Starship (pictured left), a human-rated,
fully-reusable, super heavy-lift launch
system for interplanetary and orbital
spaceflight. On its first flight in April
2023, it became the largest and most
powerful rocket ever flown. The second
flight took place in November 2023.
In a first for a space programme,
SpaceX is relying on the unique
qualities of steel for its plans to make
Mars colonisation a reality: stainless
steel, to be precise.
Starship – a stainless giant
The material chosen for the body
of the Starship rocket and its Super
Heavy Booster makes it truly unique.
Originally intended to be constructed
from state-of-the-art carbon fibre,
Musk soon decided to change this to
300-series stainless steel. As Starship
is designed for interplanetary travel,
material selection is a significant
factor in the success of SpaceX’s
attempts to reach Mars.
In an interview with Popular
Mechanics, Musk explained that
stainless steel’s high melting point is
a major advantage when it comes to
space travel. Aluminium or carbon
fibre are limited to a steady-state
operating temperature of 150°C, with
short periods operating at around
180-200°C, which lead to a weakening
of the material. Some carbon fibres
can operate continuously at 200°C,
but these come with compromises in
strength.
By comparison, stainless steel, with
appropriate heat dissipation controls,
can perform at temperatures as high
as 820-870°C. As such, an innovative
steel-built system will be used for the
Starship’s heat shield, which protects
the vessel from the high temperatures
experienced during entry into a
planet with an atmosphere such as
Mars or Earth.
The heat shield features two stainless-
steel layers joined with stringers,
with water flowing between them.
The exterior has micro-perforations
which allow water to ‘bleed’ out,
keeping temperatures low through
transpiration cooling.
Economic advantage in using
stainless steel rockets
The cornerstone of SpaceX’s mission
to Mars is to lower costs sufficiently to
make this dream a reality, and this is
where stainless steel plays a crucial
role. The cost advantage of stainless
steel vastly outperforms that of other
materials. In the interview, Elon Musk
www.stainless-steel-world.net
 [ Aerospace ]

USA returns to the moon

In January 2024 the US planned to

The Chinese start-up LandSpace is developing the reusable Zhuque-3 rocket with
stainless steel propellant tanks and rocket engines. Photo ©LandSpace
explained that cost was a primary
motivation for his switch from carbon
fibre to stainless steel. Carbon fibre
costs USD 135 per kilogram, and more
than a third of the material is scrapped
during the production process, meaning
the real-terms cost is around USD 200
per kilogram, explained Musk. The
equivalent amount of stainless steel
would cost just USD 3.
The weight of the world
When launching a vessel out of the
Earth’s atmosphere, every gram must
be considered. It may seem counter-
intuitive to select steel as a material for
construction. However, stainless steel’s
unique attributes actually make it the
best choice for keeping weight down.
In the cold darkness of space, the
temperature is a chilly -270°C. At these
cryogenic temperatures, stainless steel’s
strength is increased by 50%. The
chrome-nickel content in its make-up
means it does not become brittle even at
very low temperatures.2
For an interplanetary rocket, high
ductility, high toughness, and very little
chance of fractures when operating in a
cryogenic environment make stainless
steel ideal. These properties mean less
material can be used, lowering the
weight and making stainless steel highly
viable for space travel.
land a craft on the moon, over fifty
years after the last Apollo mission. A
United Launch Alliance Vulcan VC2S
‘Centaur’ rocket will launch the first
certification mission from Space Launch
Complex-41 at Cape Canaveral Space
Force Station, Florida. The Cert-1 test
flight mission includes two payloads to
deliver science and technology to the
lunar surface. The second payload is
Celestis’ Memorial Spaceflights deep
space Voyager mission, the Enterprise
Flight. The VC2S upper stage is 5.4
m in diameter and 11.7 m long with a
120,000-lb propellant capacity. Centaur
is a liquid hydrogen/liquid oxygen-
fuelled vehicle with propellant tanks
constructed of pressure-stabilized,
corrosion-resistant stainless steel.

Stainless steel, the ideal material for space

COST: Carbon fibre USD 200/kg vs stainless steel USD 3/kg.

HEAT: Able to withstand the high re-entry temperatures.

COLD: At -270°C the strength of some stainless steels can increase up to 50%.
A mockup of the Chinese Long
March 9 rocket on display at the 2022 WEIGHT: High ductility & toughness = less material and weight.
Airshow China in Zhuhai. Photo by STRENGTH: Cr-Ni content prevents brittleness at -270°C.
Shujianyang - Own work, CC0, https://
commons.wikimedia.org/w/index. COMPOSITION: A new high Cr 304L alloy offers superior performance.
php?curid=125644971

www.stainless-steel-world.net Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 29

[ Aerospace ]

LandSpace aims to create a technological hub in the space sector. Photo ©LandSpace

Starship is designed for repeated
use, with SpaceX claiming the vessel
can be ready for relaunch just an
hour after landing. With this in mind,
the company’s materials team have
been working on a new stainless-steel
alloy with higher chromium content.
This 304L alloy is even more resistant
to both corrosion and degradation,
Nickel-titanium alloy tyres
making it perfect for the continued re-
use that planetary colonisation would
require.3
Chinese start-ups embrace
stainless steel
SpaceX is not the only space exploration
company to recognise the advantages of
stainless steel rockets and components.
In China, several start-ups are
developing their own versions.
LandSpace – This Chinese start-
up has unveiled plans to develop
a reusable stainless steel rocket.
According to SpaceNews, the new
Zhuque-3 (Vermillion Bird 3) rocket
will use stainless propellant tanks
and clusters of Tianque methane-
Space Epoch – this new Chinese start-
up performed hot fire tests in 2023 as
part of the development of a planned
reusable stainless-steel launcher.
The tests used a 4.2-meter-diameter
stainless steel propellant tank combined
with methalox engines developed by
Jiuzhou Yunjian.
CASC – China Aerospace Science and
Technology Corp., China’s state-funded
space contractor, has also stated its
plans for the super heavy-lift Long
March 9 which will eventually become
fully reusable.
Sources:
1
Wikipedia
World Steel
2,3

liquid oxygen propellant rocket Nickel Institute

Photo by NASA
The Nickel Institute has reported that
NASA is exploring a potential application
for nickel-containing materials in the
wheels of its Rovers. Rubber wheels
are impractical on the Moon or Mars,
so the wheels on the original Apollo
Lunar Rovers were constructed from
spring steel. However, spring steel
wheels will deform on the larger and
heavier vehicles that are designed to be
used on Mars. To combat this, NASA is
currently developing a metal mesh tire
constructed from Nitinol (UNS N01555), a
nickel-titanium alloy, with shape memory
properties which can handle 30 times the
deformation of the spring steel wheels.
engines. The two-stage launcher will Popular Mechanics
have a payload capacity of 11 tons to NASA
low earth orbit (LEO) for a landing
back at the launch site. LandSpace
is establishing a comprehensive
industrial chain encompassing
“research and development,
manufacturing, testing, and
launching,” with a focus on
medium and large liquid
oxygen-methane launch
vehicles. LandSpace aims
to create a technological
hub in the space sector
and provide cost-
effective and reliable
space transportation
services to the global
market.
Space Pioneer – In 2024,
Chinese start-up Space
Pioneer plans to launch its
Tianlong-3 rocket, capable SpaceX’s Starship is designed to carry
of lifting 17 tons to LEO, or crew and cargo to Mars in six months.
14 tons to 500-kilometer sun- Images-assets.nasa.gov/image/
synchronous orbit. PIA00407/PIA00407~orig.jpg

30 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024

[ Community ]
Award for research on tantalum alloys
TANIOBIS GmbH, a
subsidiary of J.X.
Metals Corporation, in
collaboration with Alloyed
Ltd., has been honoured
with the prestigious Gustaf
Ekeberg Award for its
research paper ‘Tailored
Niobium-Based Alloys for
Additive Manufacturing:
From Powder Production to
Parameter Optimization.’
The Award is presented
annually by the Tantalum-
Niobium International Study
Center (TIC) to recognise
outstanding contributions
to tantalum research and
innovation.
Text by additiv
Named after the discoverer of
tantalum, Anders Gustaf Ekeberg,
the Ekeberg Award is granted to
individuals or research teams who
have made significant contributions
to the processing, properties,
and applications of tantalum. The
renowned TIC award aims to raise
awareness of the unique properties of
tantalum and its exceptional potential
applications.
The research work by TANIOBIS
and Alloyed Ltd. focuses on the
development of tantalum and niobium-
based alloy powders specifically
designed for additive manufacturing.
Alloys such as AMtrinsic® C-103
and AMtrinsic® FS-85 are of great
interest in the industry due to their
relatively low density, excellent
thermal conductivity, and outstanding
temperature and time-dependent
mechanical properties. They perform
exceptionally well even at the
application limits of Ni- and Co-based
superalloys, exceeding temperatures
of approximately 1050°C.
Tantalum and niobium play an
increasingly important role in new
fields of technology, including
additive manufacturing. Their high
32 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
Kazuhiko Iida, TANIOBIS CEO, received the Gustaf Ekeberg Award during the T.I.C.
General Assembly in Rio de Janeiro.
biocompatibility, resistance to corrosion
and oxidation, and excellent mechanical
properties make them an outstanding fit
for 3D-printed implants or components
in the aerospace industry.
Focus on C-103 & FS85
The research paper extensively
describes the process of manufacturing,
characterising, and processing
the two alloy powders, C-103 and
FS85. While C-103 is widely used in
conventional manufacturing processes,
the tantalum-containing alloy FS-85
is more robust and resistant at high
temperatures. Producing parts using
conventional methods such as casting
and machining has always been a
challenge. The commercialisation of
FS-85 alloy powder has opened up new
possibilities for additive manufacturing,
enabling the production of complex,
high-performance components.
TANIOBIS’ research partner, Alloyed, is
specialised in the design, development,
and testing of high-performance alloys
for end-use in both traditional and
additive manufacturing processes.
The Alloys By Design® platform, a
physics-based simulation of millions
of available alloys, combined with
extensive metallurgical expertise,
supports Alloyed’s comprehensive
testing capabilities. Together, the two
companies have achieved results that
redefine the boundaries in the field of
high-temperature applications.
“We thank Alloyed for the outstanding
collaboration, now being recognised
with this award. TANIOBIS GmbH
is proud of this achievement and
sincerely thanks TIC for recognising
our commitment to advancing
tantalum research and innovation. The
collaboration with Alloyed opens new
possibilities for high-performance
and high-temperature applications in
additive manufacturing technology,
benefiting numerous industries,” stated
Kazuhiko Iida, TANIOBIS CEO.
About TANIOBIS GmbH
TANIOBIS GmbH, a Group company of J.X.
Metals Corporation, headquartered in Goslar,
Germany, has over 60 years of experience
processing high-quality materials based on
tantalum and niobium. The company has
branches in Germany, Japan, Thailand, and
the USA. It produces solutions for various
applications, including semiconductors,
automotive, energy, aviation, chemicals, and
medical technology.
www.stainless-steel-world.net
Industrial applications for stainless
steel wire mesh components
Stainless steel wire mesh is exceptionally strong, durable, corrosion- and heat-resistant,
and has an appealing shiny luster that is ideal for architectural and industrial applications.
Grades AISI 304/ 316 are commonly used to manufacture wire mesh, while 316L and 304L are
preferred for chemical, petrochemical and pharmaceutical applications due to their corrosion-,
heat- and oxidation-resistant properties.

By Srikumar Chakraborty, ex ASP/SAIL, Freelance Consultant

The chemical and pharmaceutical
industries convert raw materials into
various substances/ products, which play
an essential role in today’s economy.
Chemical and pharmaceutical producers
must adhere to strict standards, not
only for regulatory reasons, but also to
ensure precise operation in industrial
processes. Stainless wire mesh used
for filtration can be customised by
size, layers, weaving styles and design
for specific applications. Fabricated
stainless wire mesh filters are available
in many configurations and are often vital
components of production and industrial
products.
Stainless steel wire mesh is utilised for
screens in many applications, including
separating particles of different
sizes and filtering out undesirable
elements from liquids and gases that
pass through them. Screens also form
a strong barrier against corrosion
by effectively serving as a barrier
between two surfaces and stopping
chemicals from passing through.
Architectural designs utilise stainless
wire mesh sheets, and architectural
SHEAVE AND SPEED
CONTROL WHEEL
DRAW BLOCK
WIRE ROD
Figure 1. Wire drawing.
decorative design features on walls or
fences. Additionally, stainless screens
are employed as a security measure
to stop intruders from breaking into
houses or offices without using costly
locks or conventional glass windows to
cover windows or doors.
FINISH DRAW BLOCK
DIES

www.stainless-steel-world.net Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 33

[ Wire & Mesh ]
Stainless steel wire mesh is a woven product similar in structure
to woven fabric.
The manufacturing process
Stainless steel melting and refining –
Raw materials are melted in an EAF
using high / medium/ low carbon
ferrochrome and low carbon steel
scrap. The liquid steel produced is
refined in an AOD vessel, which is
widely used to produce stainless
steels and speciality alloy steels,
combining higher metallic yields with
lower material costs. It allows pinpoint
accuracy in chemical composition
down to 0.01% carbon and even
lower, rapid desulphurisation
to less than 0.001%, leading to
dephosphorisation and ending up
with a cleaner metal coupled with
increased productivity.
Shaping as billet, wire rod and wire
mesh – Liquid steel is initially shaped
as billets/ blooms in a continuous
casting machine, which surface
conditions the billet to remove any
scale or surface defects. Defects
such as pinholes, blowholes, central
shrinkage, and slag entrapment will
negatively affect the quality and yield
of rolled products destined to end
up as wire. In continuous casting, the
pouring/cooling rate, casting speed,
Reheating Roughing mill
furnace
Descaler
Stelmor convegor
Figuire 2. Manufacturing stainless steel wire.
34 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
Stainless wire mesh is spot-welded to create a strong, durable
product.
casting temperature, superheat, and
molten metal temperature significantly
affect the quality of cast stainless steel
billets. Standard casting parameters
can minimise quality problems such as
surface, subsurface and interior cracks,
rhomboidity, oscillation mark depth,
and central porosity.
“Stainless wire mesh
screens are widely
used in the chemical
industry, oil and gas
filtration processes, acid
and base filtration, low
to high-temperature
filtration, water
treatment plants, etc.”
Stainless wire rod is produced
by the hot rolling of continuous cast
billets above the re-crystallisation
temperature at about 1100°C. Before
rolling the cast billet, surface defects
are removed and stock heated in a
Intermediate mill
Roller table
Water colling line
reheating furnace (either fuel-fired or
induction heated) and then rolled to
the required diameter through a series
of rolling passes (generally referred
to as roughing, intermediate and
finishing passes).
Stainless wire rod is produced by
re-rolling and cold drawing by an
extrusion or drawing process. It is
then passed through one or more
carbide or diamond dies depending
upon input-output conversion ratio
against requirements. As the steel
rod passes through each die, the
diameter is reduced, increasing length
proportionately without any loss.
Finally, output as a high-speed wire
rod is rolled from the billet after
taking temperature measurements
as a direct-control parameter.
This comprises various steps with
arrangements of infrared thermo
detectors at the gathering coil of
the Stelmor line. In a computerised
environment, temperature and
humidity meters establish optimal
cooling curve prediction models by
using neural network technology
to determine a standard cooling
regime. Further, in the wire drawing
Bar finishing mill
Finishing block
www.stainless-steel-world.net
 [ Wire & Mesh ]

Chemical composition

Grade C Mn Si P S Cr Ni Mo

304L 0.03max 2.0max 1.0max 0.045max 0.015max 17.5-19.5 8.0-10.5 –

316L 0.03max 2.0max 1.0max 0.045max 0.015max 16-18 10-14 2-3

Properties of stainless wire

Grade Melting point ºC TS (MPa YS MPa Elong % Hardness HB PREN 9 months 12 months on site

304L 1400-1450 500-700 200 Min 45 min 201 18 20 years 50 years

316L 1375-1400 485 Min 170 Min 40 Min 217 25 100 128

Figure 1. Technical datasheet of low carbon austenitic stainless steel.

or extrusion process to reduce the size
of stainless wire, the output as wire
rod passes through sets of dies where
the size is reduced and then wound in
a coiler.
Variables such as the initial stainless
rod diameter, final wire diameter,
and end-use applications determine
the number of reductions that should
take place in the process. The percent
reduction in the cross-sectional area
occurring at each die determines the
extent of work hardening, dictating
further reduction prior to annealing.
Annealing is required to soften
the product and release stresses
developed from work hardening. The
product is used as wire of the desired
dimension. Due to appearance,
hardness, smoothness, corrosion
resistance, and resistance to elevated
temperatures, stainless steel wire is
required or preferred over base-metal
wires for certain end-use applications.
Manufacture of stainless wire
mesh
The processes used to produce
stainless wire mesh are either weaving
or welding using stainless wire. The
weaving process is similar to weaving
cloth on a loom, while welding is only
used to join the wires where they
intersect. Stainless steel mesh is a
versatile product, useful in various
applications due to its favourable
properties includiing flexibility,
tensile strength, corrosion, heat
and corrosion resistance, hygienic
properties etc.
Woven stainless wire mesh is
produced using a pinning technique
of single wires aligned vertically and
horizontally, creating a 90-degree angle
with one another as per the pattern and
design, using automated machines. In
contrast, the semi-automated machines
used to produce welded stainless wire
mesh deliver exact welds at calculated
junctions, the point of intersection of
the vertically and horizontally aligned
stainless steel wires.
Conclusion
Stainless steel wire mesh is a cost-
effective, durable product with a long
lifetime which meets the requirements
of many standards and outperforms the
mild steel and galvanised steel mesh
currently used in many industries.
One-stop additive manufacturing for
maritime & offshore industries
Strong industry owners
Maritime and offshore industry spare parts will now be The new company brings with it the
delivered more efficiently through new technology. Saving storied history and capabilities of its
founders. thyssenkrupp contributes
cost and time, the use of additive manufacturing or 3D its technological expertise in
printing brings a whole new way of ensuring operations keep additive manufacturing as well as
momentum up and waiting times at a minimum. capabilities from its own Tech Centers
in Singapore and Germany to supply
3D metal products for application
in shipping and other industries.
Text & images by Pelagus 3D
thyssenkrupp Materials Services,
the company’s materials distribution
thyssenkrupp and Wilhelmsen have spare parts more efficiently in terms and service provider, further adds
launched a joint venture company, of time and cost, allowing customers deep knowledge in the development
Pelagus 3D, into global maritime and to ensure their vessels’ seaworthiness of digital supply chain solutions and
offshore services market. and keep their operations moving on platforms.
Pelagus 3D envisions to be the schedule. The company produces AM Wilhelmsen brings its in-depth
largest one-stop, on-demand digital parts in a wide range of materials, maritime expertise and direct ongoing
manufacturing partner for the maritime including nickel alloys, titanium, steel, experience in understanding the
and offshore industries. It uses Additive cobalt chrome, copper, refractory needs of vessel fleet managers,
Manufacturing (AM) to deliver maritime metals and aluminium. supporting the delivery of a wide

36 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 www.stainless-steel-world.net


portfolio of maritime products and
services for more than half of the
global merchant fleet.
Highly secure platform
Pelagus 3D hosts a highly secure
digital platform that serves as the
main connection between customers
such as vessel managers and Original
Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs).
As a one-stop platform for maritime
and offshore spare parts, Pelagus 3D
has access to the different printing
technologies used by its network of
partners around the world, allowing
Pelagus 3D to respond to requests to
print any material. Bringing together
highly specialised engineering
capabilities as well as a strong
maritime and offshore network,
Pelagus 3D elevates this digital
storefront for customers, ensuring that
this ecosystem can deliver their needs
more cost efficiently and in a timely
manner.
thyssenkrupp and Wilhelmsen will
have equal ownership of Pelagus, with
both companies having 50% stake
in the newly formed company. Its
Board of Directors consists of industry
leaders who bring invaluable skills
and experience to aid the company in
navigating challenges and opportunities
ahead.
Pivotal industry entry
The debut of Pelagus 3D will help usher
in the acceleration of the adoption of AM
technologies, which will guide further
growth for the industry.
The launch of the Pelagus 3D thysenkrupp - Wilhelmsen joint venture in October.
www.stainless-steel-world.net
[ Additive Manufacturing ]
A stainless steel return oil stand pipe
produced using selective laser melting.
The benefits of producing this item
using on-demand manufacturing are a
weight reduction of >90%, elimination of
the need for a crane during installation,
and a production lead time of 14 days.
“Beyond addressing perennial pain
points in the maritime and offshore
sectors such as obsolescence and
long lead-times for mission-critical
parts with on-demand production,
Pelagus 3D is well positioned to
address similar needs in other
industry sectors, improving customer
experience with added supply chain
Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
A nickel alloy pump impeller produced
using rapid casting. The benefits of using
on-demand manufacturing for this part
include improved surface finishing, lead
time reduction, and a product lead time
of just 14 days.
resilience, lowering material waste
and inventory cost, contributing to
environmental and sustainability
goals,” added Dr Ho, Chief
Executive Officer, National Additive
Manufacturing Innovation Cluster
(NAMIC).
The entry of Pelagus 3D also
underscores the positive steps the
maritime industry has been making
towards digital transformation.
Singapore, for example, leverages
technology to enhance the sector’s
operations such as establishing a
digital clearing process and port
systems.
“In the maritime sector, AM can
help unlock tremendous efficiency
potentials with its fast and low-volume
high-value fabrication capability
of equipment component parts
on-demand. This agility ensures
responsive support to meet the
needs of ships and ports for urgent
and critical spares. MPA welcomes
the establishment of Pelagus 3D
in Singapore and the business
opportunities it will bring along,
including new and exciting jobs.”, said
Kenneth Lim, Assistant Chief Executive
(Industry & Transformation), Maritime
and Port Authority of Singapore.
37
The FS – Bioenergia plant in Brazil.

Duplex pumps for ultramodern corn

ethanol plant
The world’s most modern
and efficient corn ethanol
plant is located in Brazil.
The complex and corrosive
liquids handled in the plant
require pumps constructed
in duplex stainless steel.
Text & images by Sulzer
facility is equipped with pumping
equipment from Sulzer and value-added,
patented technologies from ICM such as
Selective Milling Technology™ (SMT™),
Fiber Separation Technology™ (FST™),
and Base Tricanter System™ (BTS™).
The challenge
Each step of ethanol production from
corn involves pumps with technically
demanding applications. The liquids can
be complex, have high solids contents,
and may be viscous, corrosive, hot,
erosive, or explosive. The right pump
materials and optimal sealing systems
must be carefully selected to ensure
reliable and long-lasting operation.
Furthermore, all pumps must be highly
efficient, both in terms of energy and
water savings, so that the complete plant
is operating to its full potential.
In close cooperation with the customer,
AHLSTAR and SNS pumps were chosen
for all applications – from initial mash

FS – Fueling Sustainability, located near

Lucas do Rio Verde, Mato Grosso, is the
first corn-only ethanol plant in Brazil.
The phase 1 production started in 2017
with an initial capacity of 250 million
litres per year. The facility utilizes the
latest process technologies from ICM,
an innovative company headquartered
in Colwich, KS, USA that has become a
world leader in biorefining technologies
and processes. In addition to bioethanol,
some high-value coproducts, such as
corn oil and high-protein and high-fibre
dried distiller’s grains, are produced.
The plant also generates electricity from
the biomass, partly for internal use and
the surplus for sale.
FS – Fueling Sustainability is recognized
as the world’s most modern and efficient
corn ethanol plant. The production One of the AHLSTAR pumping units in place.

38 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 www.stainless-steel-world.net


A duplex SNS3-80 pumping unit for anhydrous ethanol.
slurry transfer to final ethanol truck
loading. In total, more than 80 single-
stage pumps were installed for phase 1.
The AHLSTAR pumps in duplex material
handle liquids containing solids and
other particles, while the SNS pumps run
on clean liquids. Most of the pumps are
equipped with double mechanical seals.
The choice of duplex stainless steel
as the material of manufacture was
influenced by the company’s desire to
standardize the pumps considering:
•• Better prices offered (aggressive
supply chain strategy),
•• Optimize stock of spare parts,
•• Superior metallurgy (higher lifetime).
Customer benefit
Sulzer has thorough experience in
pumping solutions for corn-based
ethanol plants worldwide. Of the over
200 plants in operation in the United
States alone, about 70% are equipped
with Sulzer pumps.
After careful commissioning and
start-up, all pumps are now working
perfectly. For the toughest applications,
the AHLSTAR pumps with adjustable
side plates provide high performance
continuously. For clean liquids, the new
SNS pumps have the highest efficiencies
on the market – they exceed the
benchmark efficiency index MEI 0.7.
Both AHLSTAR and SNS pumps have
open impellers with balancing holes
that optimize the shaft seal function. For
pumps with double mechanical seals,
it was decided after a few months of
operation to switch from API piping plan
54 (external pressurized source) to API
piping plan 53 (external pressurized
reservoir). This change helped to further
reduce the water consumption and
operational costs.
In 2018, a duplicate of the existing plant
was built (phase 2). This doubled the
production capacity of the Lucas do Rio
Verde site. Extremely satisfied with the
[ Duplex ]
collaboration, FS – Fueling Sustainability
ordered new similar Sulzer pumps for
this extension. The site was further
expanded in 2019 (phase 3) with
additional Sulzer equipment installed.
Today, in total more than 300 AHLSTAR
and SNS pumps are running smoothly in
the plants.
“Top-efficiency. Not only for pumps, but
also for service provided throughout
the project.” Júlio César Santana, Project
Manager, FS – Fueling Sustainability
Product data
The corn ethanol site has a total of 307
Sulzer single-stage process pumps in
duplex or stainless steel 316 materials.
Most AHLSTAR pumps with double
seal are equipped with the simple and
reliable Sulzer thermosiphon SP8 seal
pot system.
The AHLSTAR and SNS pump ranges
have a wide choice of wet end sizes to
cover exactly the required flows (2 to
1’230 m³/h) and heads (4 to 105 m). This
allows the pumps to always run at duty
points close to the best efficiency points,
which means direct and maximized
savings in energy costs.
About Sulzer
Sulzer is specialized in energy-efficient
pumping, agitation, mixing, separation,
purification, crystallization, and
polymerization technologies for fluids of all
types. Its solutions enable carbon emission
reductions, the development of polymers
from biological sources, the recycling of
plastic waste and textiles, and efficient power
storage. Sulzer has been headquartered in
Winterthur, Switzerland, since 1834.
[ Nuclear ]
Nuclear packaging approved by NRC
Orano has obtained
transport approval from
the American safety
authority, the Nuclear
Regulatory Commission
(NRC) for its spent fuel
packaging. This approval
is an essential step for
continued commercial and
industrial developments for
the benefit of customers in
the United States.
Text by Orano Group
The TN Eagle is Orano’s latest
generation packaging model, for the
transport and dry storage of spent
fuel for nuclear power plants around
the world (Europe, United States,
Asia). With an innovative design and
modular structure, this packaging
meets the different needs of power
plant operators by improving safety and
competitiveness.
While the forged monobloc body of
the container and the shielding rings
are made from carbon steel, the rest
of the container is stainless steel. The
primary and secondary lids are made
of martensitic stainless steel; the orifice
cover plate of the primary lid and
secondary lid are made of austenitic
ferritic stainless steel; and for the
handling ring martensitic stainless steel
may be used.
Rapid approval
The packaging was approved in 2020
by the French Nuclear Safety Authority
(ASN) in less than a year, in accordance
with the latest regulations from the
International Atomic Energy Agency
(IAEA), after having undergone a
rigorous testing phase to demonstrate
its robustness and resistance to extreme
transport conditions. For the United
States, the format for storing spent fuel
in canisters meant adapting the TN
Eagle’s design.
The production of the TN Eagle is
based on manufacturing processes
that are technological breakthroughs.
The packaging is assembled in half the
time of equivalent Orano models due
to fully automated manufacturing lines
and without the use of welding. Several
models of the TN Eagle have been
manufactured, confirming the technical
feasibility of the processes.
At the beginning of February 2023,
Orano launched the construction of
the new TN Eagle 4.0 manufacturing
factory, the TN Eagle Factory, with
the support of the France Relance
investment fund. Located at the port
of Cherbourg, this new production
unit will make it possible to better
manage the growing number of orders
for the TN Eagle in Europe, Asia and
The TN Eagle is constructed in fully
automated manufacturing lines without
the use of welding.
the United States. Its commissioning is
planned for 2024.
“NRC approval is a key step allowing
us to continue our developments in the
transport of used nuclear fuel in the
United States. The result of the innovative
design of the Orano teams allows us to
divide the number of transport packaging
parts by ten and significantly reduce
manufacturing times while increasing
safety and competitiveness. The TN Eagle
is a real technological breakthrough
compared to other models on the market,”
commended Frédéric de Agostini, Senior
Executive Vice President of the Nuclear
Packages & Services activities.
About Orano
As an international operator in the field of
nuclear materials, Orano delivers solutions to
address present and future global energy and
health challenges. It offers customers high
value-added products and services throughout
the entire fuel cycle. The Orano group
employees 17,000 staff around the world.
Slag detection system for high yields
AMETEK Land, the global
expert in temperature
measurement, has
enhanced its slag detection
system (SDS), leading to
improved yields, higher-
quality end products and
reduced costly downstream
processing.
Text & image by AMETEK Land
The SDS V2 is ideal for use in a variety
of applications across the steel-making
process, including secondary steel-
making vessels such as electric arc
furnaces (EAF) and basic oxygen
furnaces (BOF), argon oxygen
decarburization (AOD) as well as
specialty metals processes like stainless
steel, copper, and platinum smelting.
The SDS uses an industrial high-
resolution, medium-wavelength
smart thermal imaging camera to
detect the transition between steel
and slag. This dedicated camera
has been specifically designed to
work in harsh operating conditions
where smoke and fumes obscure
vision, through utilising a particular
wavelength path.
www.stainless-steel-world.net
Real-time camera data allows operators
to make informed decisions about
the tapping process, with clear alarm
notifications to stop the tap before slag
is carried over.
The SDS has been shown to improve
operator response time and consistency
at the end of each tap. This typically
results in a reduction in slag depths
of up to 25% compared to traditional
methods of stream monitoring.
Automatic operation
Designed for automatic operation,
the system helps to ensure accurate,
real-time detection of steel and slag
independent of charge weight and
without operator intervention.
The SDS also assists the de-
carbonisation process in steel
production by supporting continuous
process control and optimisation,
energy savings and carbon emission
reduction.
Slag detection is a critical
process during the early stages of
production, as slag can negatively
affect steel quality and increase
costs. Detecting and analysing the
composition and amount of slag in
the steel melt helps manufacturers
take timely corrective actions to
ensure the production of high-
quality steel with minimal waste,
Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
contributing to more sustainable and
efficient manufacturing processes.
Thermal imaging process
The SDS is supported by AMETEK
Land’s powerful IMAGEPro thermal
imaging process monitoring and control
software. This includes the IMAGEPro
SDS application, which allows users with
the optional multi-camera licence to
seamlessly integrate additional imagers
into the system, enabling them to
operate independently from the camera
and continuous slag detection system.
By using additional analysing features,
such as regions of interest (ROI),
together with a secondary thermal
imaging camera integrated into the
system, optional features such as stream
position or freeboard height can provide
advanced process monitoring and
control.
Prasath Venkatasamy, Global Industry
Manager – Metals, from AMETEK
Land, said: “The cost of additional
downstream processing time and
materials can be a significant burden
on an operating plant. By controlling
slag carry-over with the aid of the
latest version of our SDS, this costly
downstream processing can be
reduced or eliminated, improving
plant throughput, product quality and
operating margins.”
41
The ET measures gravitational waves by constantly monitoring the length of its three detector corridors. Image Einstein Telescope.

Einstein Telescope project

cleanroom that includes a large resides in a vacuum to further remove
The Einstein Telescope vacuum vessel containing various vibrations carried through the air, and
(ET) is a next-generation optics and seismic attenuation to also minimise interference of air
structures to isolate the test setup molecules with the optics and lasers.
underground gravitational as much as possible from any noise “Because we can’t use any oils or
wave observatory. The ET from the outside world. The test setup lubricants in our cleanroom, regular
is being developed to be
100 times more sensitive
than current instruments
and is scheduled for
completion in 2035.

By Joanne McIntyre, Stainless Steel World

The Einstein Telescope will enable

scientists to study the precise
structure of neutron stars, the birth
of black holes and the structure of
the universe immediately after the
Big Bang. Swedish specialist fastener
manufacturer BUMAX has been
selected to supply premium fasteners
to ETpathfinder, an R&D facility at
Maastricht University (NL) for testing
and prototyping innovative concepts
and enabling new technologies for the
telescope.

Regular fasteners not an option

The ETpathfinder equipment is The ETpathfinder equipment is currently being assembled in a cleanroom.
currently being assembled in a Image Bumax

42 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 www.stainless-steel-world.net

 [ Innovations ]

Gravitational waves: ripples in the universe

Our universe vibrates daily when black holes or neutron stars orbit or collide
somewhere in the universe. Albert Einstein predicted back in 1916 that distances
stretch and contract almost immeasurably when such a gravitational wave passes
by. In 2015, the US detector LIGO managed to measure that phenomenon for the
first time.

With the Einstein Telescope, researchers will look for instance at the birth process
of black holes, the structure of neutron stars, and the nature of the universe
immediately after the Big Bang. They also want to test the predictions of Einstein’s
theory of relativity as never before. The three 10-kilometer tunnels of the Einstein
Telescope will be sited 250 to 300 meters underground to make undisturbed
measurements of gravitational waves.

The Einstein Telescope measures gravitational waves by constantly monitoring

the length of its three detector corridors with sensitive lasers and vibration-free The ETpathfinder includes a large
vacuum vessel containing various optics
suspended lasers. If that length changes in a specific pattern, it is the signal of a
and seismic attenuation structures to
passing gravity wave. The Einstein Telescope will detect a thousand times more isolate the test setup as much as possible
from any noise from the outside world.
gravity waves than its predecessors.
Image Bumax

fasteners just aren’t an option,” explains
Mathijs Baars, Mechanical Engineer at
the Dutch National Institute for Subatomic
Physics (Nikhef). “We investigated
various fastener alternatives, including
titanium-nitride coated fasteners, but
BUMAX was the only solution that fully
The BUMAX® 88 bolts and nuts delivered
to the ETpathfinder project are
electropolished, receive kolsterised
treatment and are cleanroom packed.
Image Bumax
met our requirements while still being
cost-effective.”
Anti-galling properties crucial
BUMAX is supplying bolts, washers
and nuts in the BUMAX 88 stainless
steel grade which offers anti-galling
properties. Galling is common with
regular stainless steel fasteners and
involves the fastener seizing up with
the internal threads as a result of
cold welding. In the ETpathfinder
project, some parts may need to be
disassembled and reassembled more
than 100 times over the coming couple
of decades. Any galling issues would
have serious consequences for the
project.
“The worst-case scenario for us
would be if a galled fastener were to
weld with one of our custom-made
vacuum parts as these would be
very costly to replace,” says Baars.
“This is why choosing fasteners with
anti-galling properties is essential
risk management for the entire
ETpathfinder project – particularly in
the vacuum chamber.”
The BUMAX® 88 bolts and nuts
delivered to the ETpathfinder
project are electropolished, receive
kolsterised treatment and are
cleanroom packed. This is important
to avoid particles from the nuts and
bolts in the ETpathfinder cleanroom
and Kolsterisation increases surface
hardness, which further reduces the
risk of galling.
Cryogenic temperature resistance
The ETpathfinder mirrors will be
cooled to 8K (-265°C) when they
are operational to ensure optimum
performance. The mirrors are cooled
to reduce thermal noise, which is the
vibration of atoms that scales with that
atom’s temperature.
Metals typically become brittle at
cryogenic temperatures, which makes
them prone to sudden failure. However,
BUMAX® 88 fasteners provide good
resistance to cryogenic temperatures
due to their high material quality, low
impurities and high-quality finish.
Third-party tests have shown that the
fasteners retain excellent ductility
even in temperatures as low as 0K
(-273°C).
BUMAX is often chosen for
challenging scientific R&D projects
and other hi-tech manufacturing
industries. “Our premium fasteners
have been chosen for many scientific
high-profile projects and products,
including CERN and ISS, and this is
yet another one,” said Lars Holm,
Managing Director of BUMAX.
“We are very proud to have been
selected to be part of the Einstein
Telescope project, which is, of course,
a testament to the high quality of our
products.”

www.stainless-steel-world.net Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 43

[ Sustainability ]
USD 17 billion contracts for
CO2-free gas
ADNOC has awarded
contracts for the Hail
and Ghasha Offshore
Development project. The
project aims to operate
with net zero carbon
dioxide (CO2) emissions,
reinforcing ADNOC’s legacy
of responsible natural gas
production and supporting
its Net Zero by 2045
ambition.
By Joanne McIntyre, Stainless Steel World
The Hail and Ghasha gas fields
are part of Abu Dhabi’s Ghasha
Concession, which is set to produce
more than 1.5 billion cubic feet per
day of gas (Bcfdg) before the end of
the decade, contributing to UAE gas
self-sufficiency and ADNOC’s gas
growth and export expansion plans.
Largest offshore gas project
The first EPC contract for the
offshore facilities includes facilities
on artificial islands and subsea
pipelines. It has been awarded to
a joint venture between National
Petroleum Construction Company
and Saipem S.p.A. The second EPC
contract will deliver the onshore
scope, including CO 2 and sulphur
recovery and handling, was awarded
to Tecnimont S.p.A.
The offshore EPC contract is valued
at approximately USD 8.2 billion. The
onshore EPC contract is valued at
USD 8.74 billion.
Located offshore the Emirate of
Abu Dhabi, the Hail and Ghasha
Development Project is part of the
Ghasha Concession, which is the
world’s largest offshore natural gas
development of its kind.
The Ghasha Concession includes the
Hail, Ghasha, Hair Dalma, Bu Haseer,
Satah, Nasr, SARB, Shuweihat, and
Mubarraz offshore fields. The Hail
and Ghasha Development Project
44 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
Saipem CEO Alessandro Puliti, NPCC CEO Eng. Ahmed Al Dhaheri, ADNOC Upstream
Executive Director Abdulmunim Al Kindy, and MAIRE CEO Alessandro Bernini.
will produce natural gas from Hail
and Ghasha and serve as a hub for
related offshore fields within the
Concession area.
55% of the investment value will
flow back into the UAE’s economy
under ADNOC’s In-Country Value
(ICV) program, reinforcing ADNOC’s
commitment to ensuring more
economic value remains in the
country from the contracts it awards
(see box).
Decarbonisation technologies
The Hail and Ghasha development
design combines innovative
decarbonisation technologies into
one integrated solution. The project
will capture 1.5 million tonnes
per year (MMtpa) of CO 2, taking
ADNOC’s committed investment for
carbon capture capacity to almost
4 MMtpa. The CO 2 will be captured,
transported onshore and safely
stored underground, while low-
carbon hydrogen is produced that
can replace fuel gas and further
reduce emissions. The project will
also leverage clean power from
nuclear and renewable sources from
the grid.
The carbon captured at the Hail
and Ghasha natural gas fields will
support ADNOC’s wider carbon
management strategy, which aims
to create a unique platform that
In-country value program
For almost five decades, ADNOC
has worked in close partnership
with the government, its business
partners and the private sector
to support and drive growth,
development and diversification
in the UAE. The In-Country Value
Program (ICV) pioneered by
ADNOC in 2018 is an initiative
designed to achieve the optimum
value from the nation’s oil and gas
resources. Due to its success, the
program has expanded beyond
the oil and gas to include other
sectors.
connects all the sources of emissions
and sequestration sites to accelerate
the delivery of ADNOC and the UAE’s
decarbonisation goals.
Abdulmunim Al Kindy, ADNOC
Upstream Executive Director, said,
“Natural gas is an important transition
fuel and ADNOC will continue to
responsibly unlock its gas resources
to enable gas self-sufficiency, grow
our export capacity and support
global energy security.”
www.stainless-steel-world.net

New metal powder supplier for AM
In November,
ArcelorMittal revealed it is
entering the field of metal
powder, marking the
company’s entry to the
additive manufacturing
business.
By Joanne McIntyre, Stainless Steel World
As metal additive manufacturing
(AM) becomes more mainstream, the
number of players in the powders
market is increasing. Recently,
one of the world’s largest steel
manufacturers, ArcelorMittal, threw
its hat into the ring and revealed its
extensive investments in technology to
capture market share.
The company has built an industrial-
scale inert gas atomiser in Aviles, Spain,
to produce high-quality steel powders
for multiple additive manufacturing
technologies such as laser powder bed
fusion (LPBF), binder jetting (BJ) and
direct energy deposition (DED).
The atomiser has a large batch-size
production capability, from 200 kg
to 3 tonnes, and an initial annual
capacity of 1000 tonnes. ArcelorMittal
claims that this will allow it to supply
significant volumes of metal powders
with consistent quality, reliability
and traceability, meeting the high
standards and specifications of the
AdM industry.
The company is marketing the move
as fitting in line with its ambitions for
sustainability and decarbonisation.
The atomiser produces powders
from scrap steel, using renewable
electricity, atomising with industrial
gases produced by renewable energy,
and using recycled and recyclable
packaging solutions.
Innovative, disruptive technology
The steel powders will be offered in size
ranges suitable for all existing powder-
based metal additive technologies
in manufacturing industries such
as aerospace, defence, automotive,
medical, and energy. They can also
be used in the latest technological
developments, such as the brake disc
coatings being developed to help
www.stainless-steel-world.net
[ Powder Metallurgy ]
Automotive OEMs and Tier Ones
comply with the EU7 regulation on
particle emissions. A layer of powder
deposited on the brake disc provides
wear and corrosion resistance, which
significantly reduces the particulate
emissions of braking.
Gregory Ludkovsky, Chief Executive
Officer of Global R&D, said: “The
additive manufacturing industry has
grown phenomenally over the past
decade and is expected to continue to
grow in double digits over the next 10
years.”
Colin Hautz, CEO of ArcelorMittal
Powders, added: “A technology as
innovative and disruptive as additive
manufacturing not only allows us to
think about changes in the design
and manufacturing process of many
parts and components we use today,
but also exploit one of the inherently
sustainable characteristics of steel – its
recyclability.”
Powdered alloys
Marketed under the AdamIQ™
brand name, ArcelorMittal’s product
portfolio will include stainless steels
(316L, 430L, 17-4PH), tool steels (H11,
H13, M300) and low alloy steels (a
dual-phase alloy; 4140 equivalent).
Drawing on its metallurgical
expertise, ArcelorMittal’s research
and development team dedicated to
AdM technologies and steel powder
production intends to add further steel
powder products for customers to test
in 2024.
The company has produced steel
powders in a pilot atomiser at its
Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
AdM lab in Aviles since 2018. With its
dedicated research and development
facilities and over 50 full-time
researchers, it has developed a detailed
understanding of the interactions
between steel alloy design, atomisation
parameters, AdM process parameters
and the final properties of the printed
parts.
Through its AdM and Digital Research
Centre, ArcelorMittal has already
collaborated with customers and
partners on various projects, such as
the development of a generative design
steel motorbike chassis, the optimisation
of AdM productivity through software
algorithms and, with a JV partner, the
production of over 10 tonnes of 1,600
different spare parts per year, for its own
steel plants.
The time is now
Two factors helped ArcelorMittal decide
that now is an appropriate time to enter
the steel powders market. Firstly, the
belief that additive manufacturing,
while still at an embryonic phase, offers
exciting growth potential, and there are
significant benefits to gain from being
an early participant able to foster the
direction of growth. Secondly, feedback
from industrial customers was that
variations in batch-to-batch quality
is a significant issue that is impacting
production reliability and repeatability
and is thereby impeding the broader
uptake of AdM in larger production
runs. This, plus the trend to ever-larger
AdM machines, prompted the decision
to build an atomiser with a large batch
size.
45
[ Chemical Industry ]
The S-OIL aromatic plant in South Korea. Photo © Aramco
Aramco building world’s largest petrochemical
cracker in South Korea
Aramco has made its
biggest ever investment
in South Korea to develop
one of the world’s largest
refinery-integrated
petrochemical steam
crackers through its S-OIL
affiliate, in line with the
company’s strategy to
maximise the crude-to-
chemicals value chain.
Text & image by Aramco
The USD 7 billion Shaheen project aims
to convert crude oil into petrochemical
feedstock and represents the first
commercialisation of Aramco and Lummus
Technology’s TC2C thermal crude to
chemicals technology, which increases
chemical yield and reduces operating costs.
It follows an earlier USD 4 billion investment
into the first phase of the petrochemical
expansion completed in 2018.
Located at S-Oil’s existing site in Ulsan,
the new plant is planned to have the
capacity to produce up to 3.2 million
tons of petrochemicals annually and
include a facility to produce high-value
polymers. The project is expected to be
completed by 2026.
46 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
An aspiring gamechanger
The steam cracker will process
by-products from crude processing,
including naphtha and off-gas, to
produce ethylene — a building block
petrochemical used to make thousands
of everyday items. The plant is also
expected to produce propylene,
butadiene and other basic chemicals.
Aramco President & CEO, Amin H.
Nasser, said: “The global petrochemical
landscape is rapidly evolving with
demand growth anticipated to
accelerate, driven in part by rising
consumption from Asia’s emerging
economies. That is why S-Oil’s
Shaheen is well-positioned to meet
rising demand for the materials that
will be required across the region’s
key industries. By further integrating
refining and chemical processes through
the first commercialisation of Aramco’s
thermal crude to chemicals technology,
we aim to create a more efficient,
competitive and sustainable platform for
growth, while paving the way for further
downstream expansion.”
Aramco Senior Vice President of
Downstream, Mohammed Y. Al
Qahtani, said: “Shaheen aspires to be a
gamechanger not only for S-Oil in South
Korea, but also for our global chemicals
business, allowing us to process a
greater range of feedstocks in a more
efficient and less energy-intensive
way. The project represents the first
large-scale deployment of Aramco’s
thermal crude to chemicals technology
and shows how, through better design,
we can contribute to the transition to
more efficient and more sustainable
production processes.”
Expected results
The new steam cracker is planned to
use mixed feedstocks, outperforming
naphtha-based crackers in terms of
overall efficiency and performance. Upon
project completion, S-Oil’s chemical
yield based on volume could almost
double to 25%, which demonstrates the
impact of this cutting-edge technology,
complementing Aramco’s strategy to
expand its liquids to chemicals capacity
to up to 4 million barrels per day.
About S-Oil
Established in 1976, S-Oil operates its refinery
in Ulsan, a province in the south-east of
Korea, with a refining capacity of 669,000
barrels/day and high value downstream
production facilities, including one of the
world’s largest scale of para-xylene (PX)
production facilities. S-Oil’s petrochemical
business encompasses BTX production and
naphtha reforming, and more.
Aramco is the majority shareholder of S-OIL,
holding more than 63% of the company’s
shares through its Aramco Overseas Company
B.V. subsidiary.
www.stainless-steel-world.net

Servomex appointments
From Left to right: Megan Backhouse,
Matt Cleaver, Joseph Ha
Servomex has appointed Joseph Ha
as Product Manager of the Purity &
Specialty unit. With a focus on strategic
development and implementation
of product initiatives, Joseph will
use his background in mechanical
engineering in the semiconductor and
advanced manufacturing industry to
grow the Purity & Specialty business
within Servomex. The unit develops
high-performance analyser solutions
and sensing technologies for
industrial, medical and semiconductor
industries.
EEMUA has also appointed Matt
Cleaver as Chair of the EEMUA
Council. The Council is the senior
body in EEMUA setting the
overall direction and policy of the
organisation. Cleaver is Mechanical
Maintenance Authority at Sellafield Ltd
and has been involved with EEMUA
since 2021.
Megan Backhouse from BOC UK &
Ireland has been appoints to the
EEMUA Board of Directors as a non-
executive Director. Megan was the
EEMUA Early Years Industry Award
Winner in 2022 and since then has
been involved with several of EEMUA’s
working groups and in other areas of
activity.
Norsk Titanium appoints
Johnson Interim CEO
Norsk Titanium
AS has appointed
Carl Johnson as
Interim Chief
Executive Officer.
Johnson has
been the Chief
Technology Carl Johnson
Officer of Norsk
Titanium since 2016 and has been
www.stainless-steel-world.net
Community Update
closely involved in developing RPD®,
the company’s proprietary additive
manufacturing process that delivers
structural titanium parts to aerospace,
defense and other industries.
Prior to joining Norsk Titanium, Carl
had a distinguished 30+ year career at
Northrop Grumman.
New Chairman & President
for Nippon Steel Corporation
On January 12
during a meeting
of the Board of
Directors, Nippon
Steel Corporation
announced two
appointments
Mr Tadashi Imai
for company
Chairman and President, effective as
of April 1, 2024. The Representative
Director, Chairman and CEO is Mr Eiji
HASHIMOTO (currently Representative
Director and President). The
Representative Director, President and
COO is Mr Tadashi IMAI (currently
Representative Director and Executive
Vice President).
WDS Components named
‘SME of the Year’
From Left to Right: Edward Arnott,
Mark Moody, Dawn Huntrod
WDS Components has been named
Regional Winner for the “Small Medium
Enterprise (SME) of the Year” in the
Northeast, Yorkshire and Humberside
category at the prestigious MAKE UK
Manufacturing Awards 2023.
This accolade is a testament to WDS’
commitment to excellence in the
manufacturing sector. WDS’ journey
to this achievement began with a
Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
detailed submission, highlighting its
heritage, investments in the business
and dedication to manufacturing in
the UK. Over the past two years, the
company has invested in its people,
training, new machinery, stockholding
and an enhanced website. These
collective efforts have not only optimised
its operational efficiency, but also
reinforced its position as a leader in the
engineering and manufacturing industry.
WDS Components, known for its
extensive range of engineering parts,
has been a beacon of innovation and
reliability in the industry for over
70 years. This award serves as a
validation of the collective efforts as
well as a symbol of trust and quality in
the manufacturing sector.
Wetzel Managerial Head at
KHS
Tobias Wetzel is the
new managerial head
of sales and services
at KHS. Between 2011
and 2020, Wetzel held
various managerial Tobias Wetzel
positions at KHS, most
recently as head of the Service Division.
He joins Kai Acker (CEO), Martin Resch
(CFO of Finance, Procurement and IT)
and Beate Schäfer (CHRO) to complete
the KHS Executive Management Board.
SPEE3D appoints Lewis as
Chairman
SPEE3D has appointed
Adam Lewis as the
Chairman of its
Board of Directors.
The company is
looking to provide its Adam Lewis
patented cold spray
additive manufacturing technology
to customers worldwide. Adam was
previously at McKinsey & Company
for 20 years rising to Senior Partner of
Australia and New Zealand. He served
a wide range of clients worldwide with
a focus on strategy and industrial and
manufacturing engineering.
47
 Industry Update
Fives to supply Stein Digit@l Furnace® for
Vardhman
Vardhman Special Steels entrusted Fives to design and supply
a new reheating furnace for its Ludhiana plant, in Punjab. The
new technology will enable the reheating of special steel
billets that are rolled into bars for the automotive market.
Fives will provide Vardhman Special Steels with a new walking
beam furnace – Stein Digit@l Furnace® – that will reheat billets
with a production capacity of 45 tonnes per hour. The new
furnace will increase the productivity of the plant to 300,000
tonnes per year and enable the localization of production
and expansion of the business portfolio in Asia and Europe.
Production of the first billet is scheduled for April 2025.
Alleima heat exchanger express program
Alleima is accelerating its heat exchanger express hollows
program. Tubes included in the heat exchanger express program
come in an extensive range of advanced duplex, super-duplex,
austenitic, and super-austenitic materials suitable for all types of
heat exchangers. Customers in Europe Middle East and Africa
(EMEA) will be provided with tubing materials technology in eight
weeks from order placement. The four grades in the program
are: SAF™ 2205: duplex (austenitic-ferritic) stainless steel; SAF™
2507 - a super-duplex (austenitic-ferritic) stainless steel for service
in highly corrosive conditions; Alleima® 254 SMO*: high-alloy
austenitic stainless steel used in seawater and other aggressive
chloride-bearing media; Sanicro® 35: combines the best features
of super austenitic stainless steel and a nickel alloy.
48 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
Graebener circ seam milling machines in
Portugal
Graebener Maschinentechnik successfully commissioned a
circ seam milling machine for the preparation of weld seams
on wind tower sections in Portugal. The customer is Vieira
Alves Metalomecânica, SA. (VAM) located in Alferrarede.
Circ seam milling machines are usually transportable
machines and are positioned on the weld seam to be
processed by crane or on rails. At VAM, the process is
reversed. Instead, the approx. 30 m long wind tower section
is positioned in such a way that the seam to be processed is
located directly in front of the milling head. This allows safe
and at the same time very fast positioning on the approx. nine
circumferential seams of the respective sections - without any
crane handling.
Villares Metals boosts cost-efficiency with ABB
Villares Metals is enjoying tangible operational and cost
efficiencies at its Sumaré facility after turning to ABB
Electrification for a superior, dedicated circuit breaker
solution with vacuum actuation technology.
The VD4-AF device delivers 150,000 maintenance-free
operations and easily clears furnace-fault currents as high
as 31.5 kA, while providing embedded monitoring to
ensure safer and more reliable switching protection for EAF
operations, along with predictive maintenance.
www.stainless-steel-world.net
 [ Industry Update ]

TIG welding with EWM OPUS Aerospace use BUMAX 88 screws

The new 19-pole foot-operated remote control RTF-X TIGfor

TIG welding by EWM offers more convenience while
regulating the current smoothly. Whether root welding or
positional welding, users benefit from increased safety, control
and flexibility.
The foot-operated remote control by EWM is extremely
sturdy and has a non-slip pad. Rubber feet ensure stability.
A stainless-steel bracket lets to position it wherever the user
needs it below the table. The user can also move it during
the welding process without having to interrupt the work.
The bracket can be mounted on the left or right, as needed.
Pressing the pedal increases the welding current. This lets
the user adjust the welding current precisely to achieve the
desired weld seam quality. The key advantage is that the
user has both hands free and can concentrate entirely on
the welding process to produce optimum results, even with
positional welding.
OPUS Aerospace has decided to use BUMAX 88 screws to secure
the two domes of a prototype cylindrical fuel tank for the Mesange
suborbital rocket. The domes must have high-strength screws as
they are a critical part of a rocket with extremely high pressure.
OPUS Aerospace designs, develops and manufactures economical
space launch solutions dedicated to nano-satellites, micro-satellites
and mini-satellites and small payloads. The company’s mission is to
democratize access to space for as many people as possible and to
accelerate space exploration. OPUS Aerospace is based in France.
Crucial properties of BUMAX 88 fasteners are high strength,
corrosion resistance, low-temperature resistance and reliability.
The enhanced properties of the BUMAX 88 are achieved
through a combination of unique BUMAX manufacturing
processes and the highest quality European steel.

Online Auction Sale

Excellent Schumag Bright Bar Drawing Lines, up to 40-100 Ton Bar Draw Benches,
Bar Straightening, Testing, Shotblast & Processing Equipment capable of running
Rounds, Hexagonal, Square and Flat Bar previously used by Barrett Steel
(formerly Aartee Bright Bar Ltd)
Bidding Ends: Thursday 22nd February 2024 at 3pm (UK Time)
Offers Considered Prior to Auction Available as Individual Machines or Complete Lines
·Draw Benches:
100 Ton Aetna Standard Bar Draw Bench
60 Ton Platt Mair Draw Bar Draw Bench
40 Ton Custom Bar Draw Bench
·Tube/Bar Straighteners:
2-Roll Bronx 6 Tube/Bar Straightener
2-Plane 16 Roll Blaw-Knox Bar/Profile Straightener
2-Roll Farmer Norton Tube/Bar Straightener
·Schumag Drawing Lines:
Schumag KZRP-IIIB Combined Drawing Line with
Inline Shotblast, Polishing & Chamfering
Schumag/Casa Grande KZRP-IIBF Flat Bar
Combined Drawing Line
Schumag KZRP-IIB Combined Drawing Line
Schumag KZRP-IIB Combined Drawing Line
Schumag KZRP-IS Combined Drawing Line
Schumag Double End Chamfering Machine
·Shot Blast Machines:
21 Meter Pangborn Through-Feed Shot Blast Machine (1999)
21 Meter Pangborn Through-Feed Shot Blast Machine (1995)
60” W x 24’ L George Fischer Fl-4-30/110
Through-Feed Bar Shot Blast Line
·Band Saw: Missler Model. Deb-540CE
Horizontal Band Saw (2006)
·Plus Many Others...

For Full Information please visit our Website: www.cottandco.com

Please Contact Our Office for Further Information: Cottrill & Co, 401—407 Tyburn Road, Erdington, Birmingham, B24 8HJ

▪ Tel: + 44 (0) 121 328 2424 ▪ Email: info@cottandco.com ▪

Cottrill & Co is a Trade Name of Cottrill & Associates Ltd

www.stainless-steel-world.net Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 49

[ Industry Update ]
NSC to acquire U. S. Steel
Nippon Steel Corporation (NSC) and United States Steel
Corporation (U. S. Steel) have entered into a definitive
agreement pursuant to which NSC will acquire U. S. Steel in an
all-cash transaction at USD 55.00 per share, representing an
equity value of approximately USD 14.1bn plus the assumption
of debt, for a total enterprise value of USD 14.9bn.
NSC’s acquisition of U. S. Steel will enhance its manufacturing and
technology capabilities and enable it to expand the geographic
areas in which NSC can better serve all of its stakeholders,
including customers and society at large. The transaction
will further diversify NSC’s global footprint by significantly
expanding its current production in the United States, adding to
its primary geographies of Japan, ASEAN, and India. As a result,
its expected total annual crude steel capacity will reach 86 million
tonnes accelerating progress towards NSC’s strategic goal of 100
million tonnes of global crude steel capacity annually.
Orano secures a contract from ITER in the
field of SLI
Orano has been awarded a contract by ITER for its expertise
in the fields of dependability analysis and integrated logistics
support (SLI). The contract covers all systems, structures and
components of the ITER advanced fusion reactor currently
under construction in the south of France. It was awarded for
an initial period of two years, with the possibility of a one-
year extension. Under the terms of the contract, Orano will
provide an expert appraisal of the content of the dependability
analyses carried out by the various suppliers to the ITER
project. This appraisal work will relate to the validation of
the engineering studies demonstrating optimal operational
availability of the installation throughout its service life. Orano
will also issue technical recommendations.
50 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
L&T mega order in the Middle East
The Hydrocarbon business (L&T Energy Hydrocarbon – LTEH)
of Larsen & Toubro (L&T) has received a Letter of Intent for a
mega offshore order from a prestigious client in the Middle
East. The scope of work comprises engineering, procurement,
construction and installation of a new large offshore platform
and brownfield work of integration with existing facilities.
Organised under Offshore, Onshore EPC, Modular Fabrication,
Advanced Value Engineering & Technology (AdVENT) and
Offshore Wind Farm Business Groups, LTEH offers integrated
design-to-build solutions across the hydrocarbon sector to
domestic and international customers.
NSC & Sumitomo contract extension with BSP
Nippon Steel Corporation and Sumitomo Corporation have
entered into a revised contract with Brunei Shell Petroleum
Company Sendirian Berhad (BSP) to extend the contract period
for 10 years regarding the supply of oil country tubular goods,
including local threading and supply chain management
service.
For more than 50 years, Nippon Steel and Sumitomo
Corporation have been delivering seamless oil country
tubular goods to BSP, a major producer of crude oil and natural
gas in Brunei. NSC and Sumitomo Corporation believe this
contract extension was realized because of the total solutions
with high-quality product delivery and just-in-time supply
chain management. Through this project, Nippon Steel and
Sumitomo Corporation will contribute to the development of
Brunei’s economy and a stable energy supply to Japan and
other Asian countries.
www.stainless-steel-world.net

STI reflects current trends in commercial
construction
The Steel Tube Institute (STI) has announced a shift in the
organization’s priorities for 2024 to reflect current trends in
commercial construction. These trends indicate increasing
demand for buildings that support the distribution industry,
data centres, chips and battery plants and healthcare facilities.
These buildings require more and larger steel conduits than
office buildings and hospitality facilities, and STI members are
prepared to respond.
Xiris Automation releases XVC-750
Xiris Automation unveils XVC-750, its latest weld camera with
a remarkable 140+ dB High Dynamic Range (HDR) capability
in the Near Infrared spectrum (NIR). The XVC-750 enhances
operator safety and efficiency by providing operators with a
crystal-clear remote view of the welding process for Open Arc
Welding processes during setup or run-time. Its outstanding
image contrast of the melt pool and cooling weld bead enables
advanced machine vision analysis to make precise geometric
measurements and defect detection of features in the welding
process.
The XVC-750 is ideal for automated and robotic welding
systems. Its compact design, robust connectivity, variety
of angled optics configurations, and compatibility with
different lenses make it a versatile choice for many welding
applications.
www.stainless-steel-world.net
[ Industry Update ]
AWI’s succession planning proves vital for
record year
Alloy Wire International has seen sales rocket by GBP 3m
since a full management buy-out was completed in January
2023, taking turnover to GBP 18m with the prospect of it
breaking GBP 20m in 2024. Demand from customers in more
than 63 countries has been behind the initial boost, but now
the firm’s commitment to extending the employee-ownership
of the company and the culture this brings with it will drive the
ongoing success.
A complex process was made easier by expert advice from
Dudley-based Acorn Support, who provided an external
sounding board for the decision-making and put in place
psychometric testing to identify key personalities, emotional
behaviour traits and ability to work in a team.
Vallourec unveils H2 storage solution Delphy
Vallourec has inaugurated its vertical compressed gas
hydrogen storage demonstrator in Aulnoye-Aymeries,
northern France. The compact footprint of this modular
system makes it easy to integrate into demanding industrial
environments and delivers a secure large-scale hydrogen
storage solution.
The installation is based on tubes and connections with
extensively-proven sealing technology and corrosion
resistance. The solution is an underground system, capable
of storing up to 100 tonnes of hydrogen gas under maximum
safety conditions. It is suitable for green hydrogen producers,
users for industrial applications and heavy mobility. To
support the commercial development of this storage solution,
Vallourec launchrf it under a new brand name “Delphy”.
Stainless Steel World January/February 2024 51
[ Industry Update ]
Hydrom sign JSA with Port of Amsterdam,
Zenith & GasLog
The Sultanate of Oman’s Ministry of Energy and Minerals and
Hydrogen Oman (Hydrom) has signed a Joint Study Agreement
with Port of Amsterdam, Zenith Energy Terminals and GasLog,
to collaborate on the development of a liquid hydrogen route
to market for green hydrogen produced. The Agreement
entails conducting a detailed assessment of the requirements
to develop an open-access H2 liquefaction, storage and export
facility in the Sultanate of Oman, along with the provision of
specialised vessels for the transportation of the liquid H2,
currently under development by GasLog. The primary aim
of the Agreement is to establish a green hydrogen corridor
between the Sultanate of Oman and the Netherlands, with the
terminal of Zenith Energy as the destination for the import,
regasification and further distribution of Oman-produced
hydrogen to both local off-takers within the port of Amsterdam,
as well as large industries in the European hinterland.
MPI experimental rolling mill
The Materials Processing Institute (MPI) has taken delivery
of an experimental rolling mill which will be a key piece of
equipment in its Advanced Materials Development Centre.
The mill was supplied by International Rolling Mills, USA. This
investment will support client-led research requirements in
the Institute’s Thermomechanical Treatment Laboratory in its
Advanced Materials Development Centre. The rolling mill will
be used to support materials analysis and development by
evaluating the effect of rolling on a material’s microstructure
by deforming materials at a high temperature to create
a wrought microstructure to help improve the materials’
mechanical properties.
52 Stainless Steel World January/February 2024
Metal Craft celebrates its 50 years
Metal Craft Industries UK Ltd. has celebrated the firm’s golden
jubilee, marking 50 years of unparalleled commitment to
quality and endurance.
Over the past five decades, Metal Craft Industries has earned
a sterling reputation for its stainless steel fabrication work.
Specialising in bespoke solutions, the company has become
a trusted partner for a diverse range of industries, including
catering, laboratories, and racking/warehousing as well
as shop fitting and stock replenishment trolleys for major
supermarket brands.
Metal Craft Industries has played a pivotal role in shaping the
landscape of stainless steel fabrication for the catering industry,
delivering solutions that blend functionality with aesthetic appeal.
In the laboratory sector, the company’s precision workmanship
ensures the highest standards of safety and efficiency.
Meanwhile, its contributions to racking and warehousing have
optimised storage solutions for countless businesses.
Mo production and usage rises in Q3 2023
International Molybdenum Association (IMOA) has REPORTED
that in Q3 2023, global production and usage of molybdenum
rose by 7% to 161.9 million pounds (mlbs) and 2% to 159.2
mlbs, respectively. China remained the largest producer
at 71.8 mlbs – a rise of 9% when compared to the previous
quarter. South America at 41 mlbs, a 3% rise compared to the
previous quarter. Production in North America rose by 1%
to 28.6 mlbs compared to the previous quarter. Production
in Other Regions saw the largest rise, 20%, to 20.5 mlbs
compared to the previous quarter.
China remained the largest user of molybdenum at 74.5 mlbs,
a 10% increase compared to the previous quarter. Europe
saw a 14% fall in usage to 28.1 mlbs compared to the previous
quarter. Usage in Other Regions rose 10% to 23.8 mlbs
compared to the previous quarter. Usage in the USA fell 6% to
15.7 mlbs compared to the previous quarter. Usage in Japan saw
a 7% fall to 11.4 mlbs compared to the previous quarter. Usage
in CIS rose 8% to 5.7 mlbs compared to the previous quarter.
www.stainless-steel-world.net
 [ Industry Update ]

Stainless production 42.6 MMT in 2023

Plants & Pipe & Tube Bending & Tube Manu- Tube Profiles Plastic Tubes
Equipment Processing Forming facturing & Accessories & Pipes
Technology Technology Distribution

join the best:

The World Stainless Association has released figures for the
15–19 April 2024
first nine months of 2023 showing that stainless steel melt shop The decision makers are at Tube 2024. Meet
production increased by 2.5% year–on–year to 42.6 million the world’s market leaders and pioneers from
metric tons. the world of pipes and tube processing. Expe-
In Europe and the US, production decreased by 8.0%, and rience innovations, leading future trends as
12.9% respectively. China registered a growth of 13.4%. well as new ways of promoting sustainability:
Other Asian countries and other parts of the world combined tube.de/ecometals_en
registered a decrease of 12.4% and 13.2% in steel production.

ESAB & NYC Constructors develop MIG gun

The New York City skyline is defined by iconic skyscrapers
that result from the collaboration between world-class
companies—NYC Constructors and ESAB.
To further improve welding uptime on the 270 Park Avenue
project, NYC Constructors and ESAB also collaborated with a International Tube
and Pipe Trade Fair
company called NYC Gloves to custom-develop a flux-cored
MIG gun with components that better resist the heat and wear Düsseldorf, Germany
tube.de
of high-volume welding.

Outokumpu invests in a pelletizing plant

As part of Outokumpu’s strategy to strengthen its leadership in

sustainability and secure access to high-quality raw materials,
Outokumpu has decided to invest in a pelletizing plant to
produce biocoke at its site in Tornio, Finland. The investment ow
eTicket n
Buy your
is approximately EUR 30M and the aim is to start production % *
& save 20
mid-2025.
The first step on this journey is to invest in a facility to pelletize *Compared to the regular price at
our cash desks open each day on site.
externally sourced biocarbon into biocoke with an annual
capacity of 25,000 tonnes. This helps to reduce CO2 emissions
by 82,000 tonnes. Currently, biocoke represents the best-
Messe Düsseldorf GmbH
available technology to replace fossil coke in ferrochrome P.O. Box 10 10 06

production. The Tornio pilot plant enables Outokumpu to 40001 Düsseldorf _ Germany
Tel. +49 211 4560 01
further develop the process and product so that a possible www.messe-duesseldorf.de
scale-up later could be possible.

www.stainless-steel-world.net Stainless Steel World January/February

tub2402_Tube_Besucheranzeige_2024_mitText_90x271_INT_ICv2.indd 1 53 16:10
202408.01.24
Buyers’ Guide
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6MO
Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co ltd.
Sanei Building, 1-5-8 Kyobashi
Reach new Chuo-ku,
(continued)
S & N Stainless Pipeline
Products ltd
DUPLEX stainless steel.
We carry extensive stocks in
above grades in both UNS32750
and UNS32760 in sizes from ½”
NB through to 24” NB
ClADDING
(continued)
Kuze Bellows Kogyosho
Co ltd
Japan
tel: +81-76-289-2139
fax: +81-76-289-4141 https://kci-world.com/
s-info@kuze.com
www.kuze.com
Manufacture of Seamless
Pipe: Aust.Stainless Steel
Sankyo & Co., ltd.

customers Tokyo 104-8365 DAE HWA METAl CO., lTD. (TP304L, TP316L..) :
1-13-12, Umezato,
Suginami-Ku
via our Japan Explosion welded clad metal ~24”NB, 6Mo(S31254):
Tokyo 166-0011
Buyers’Guide tel: +81-3-3273-4618 46, Gimhae-daero ~6”NB, Duplex(S31803):
Japan
+Online fax: +81-3-3273-4634 2635beon-gil, ~20”NB, S.Duplex(S32750):
tel: +81-3-5929-1981
inquiry@nyk.co.jp Gimhae-si, ~20”NB, High Nickel
fax: +81-3-5929-1944
www.nyk.co.jp/en/ Gyeongsangnam-do Alloy (C22)
sales@sankomj.co.jp

StainleSS Steel WORlD BuyeRS’GuiDe+Online • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

Ratnamani Metals &
PRINTED MAGAZINE: Tubes ltd.
9th Floor, A Wing ‘THE FIRST’
■ Company details
B/H Keshavbaug Party Plot
■ Company logo
Vastrapur, Ahmedabad 380015
■ Application Guide
Gujarat,
India
tel: +91-79-2960 1200
ONLINE: info@ratnamani.com
■ Company profile Sankyo & Co ltd
■ Company logo 1-13-12, Umezato,
■ Product images Suginami-Ku
Tokyo 166-0011
Japan
tel: +81-3-5929-1981
fax: +81-3-5929-1944
sales@sankomj.co.jp
DIGITAL MAGAZINE:
www.sankomj.co.jp/en/
■ Clickable entries
link direct to your Sverdrup Steel
Buyers’Guide
Strandsvingen 2,
Company Profile
4032 Stavanger
■ Clickable company Norway
logos link direct to tel: +47 51 81 69 00
your website
mail@sverdrupsteel.com
PLUS: www.sverdrupsteel.com
Direct link to your
company video S & N Stainless Pipeline
Products ltd
Unit B4 Fallons Road,
Wardley Industrial Estate
Worsley, Manchester M28 2NY
United Kingdom
tel: +44-161-728-1148
For more informatiion fax: +44-161-351-6689
please contact
Vera Solis sales@snstainless.com
v.solis@kci-world.com www.snstainless.com
We are the leading supplier
of pipe, pipe fittings &
flanges IN UNS31254,
DUPLEX and SUPER
(continued above➚)
153-10, Samnyeong-ro,
MARUICHI STAINlESS www.sankomj.co.jp/en/
Hwaseo-myeon,
TUBE CO., lTD. Exporter of Duplex Tube &
Sangju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do
Tokyo Head Office: Pipe 31803, 32205, 32750,
South Korea
9-11, Kitashinagawa 32760
tel: +82-55-336-1211
fax:+82-55-336-1216 5-chome, Shinagawa-ku,
Sverdrup Steel
dhclad@dhclad.co.kr Tokyo, 141-8688
Strandsvingen 2,
www.dhclad.co.kr Japan
4032 Stavanger
tel: +81-3-5739-5051
Norway
fax:+81-3-5739-5055
tel: +47 51 81 69 00
Inquire-mst@mstube.co.jp
mail@sverdrupsteel.com
https://www.mstube.co.jp
www.sverdrupsteel.com
https://www.mstube.co.jp/english/ NIPPON STEEl Stainless
index.html S & N Stainless Pipeline
Steel Corporation
1-8-2 Marunouchi, Products ltd
Chiyoda-ku Unit B4 Fallons Road,
Tokyo, 100-0005 Wardley Industrial Estate
DUPlEx Japan Worsley
Alleima tel: +81-3-6841-4800 Manchester M28 2NY
811 81 Sandviken info@stainless.nipponsteel.com United Kingdom
Sweden http: stainless.nipponsteel.com tel: +44-161-728-1148
+46 26 4260000 fax: +44-161-351-6689
Raccortubi Group
www.alleima.com sales@snstainless.com
Viale De Gasperi 194
Subsidiaries or representatives www.snstainless.com
in most countries. I-20010 Marcallo con We are the leading supplier
Casone (Mi) of pipe, pipe fittings &
Jiuli Hi-Tech Metals Italy flanges IN UNS31254,
No 1899, Zhongxing Road tel: +39-029-76300-1 DUPLEX and SUPER
Wuxing District, fax: +39-029-0376337 DUPLEX stainless steel.
Huzhou, Zhejiang info@raccortubi.com We carry extensive stocks
313028 www.raccortubigroup.com in above grades in both
China UNS 31803 fittings, pipes UNS32750 and UNS32760
tel:+86-572-253-9999 and flanges to Norsok specs in sizes from ½” NB through
fax:+86-572-253-9000
to 24” NB
sales@jiuli.com Ratnamani Metals &
www.jiuli.com Tubes ltd.
9th Floor, A Wing ‘THE FIRST’
Kuze Bellows Kogyosho B/H Keshavbaug Party Plot
Co ltd Vastrapur, Ahmedabad 380015
74-1, Minamichujo Gujarat,
Kahoku-Gun India www.steeltrade.it
Ishikawa-Ken 929-0343 tel: +91-79-2960 1200
(continued above➚) info@ratnamani.com

DUPlExYOUR
SEMINAR
lOGO IN& SUMMIT
THE 2014,CONTACT
BUYER’S GUIDE: 24 - 25 OCTOBER 2014, STRESA, ITAlY
US: BG.SSW@KCI-WORlD.COM

www.weldedsteel-tube.com
Stalatube Oy
Taivalkatu 7,
FIN-15170 Lahti
Finland
tel: +358-3-882-190
fax: +358-3-882-1914
sales@stalatube.com
www.stalatube.com
Stainless Steel WORLD Buyers’Guide+Online • January/February 2024
Stainless Steel Hollow
Sections, Custom Made
Quality i.e. cut length
service, angular or laser
cutting, perforating, special
profiles, higher strength
materials and special
materials.
TUBACEX GROUP
Tres Cruces 8,
PO Box 22
E-01400 Llodio, Alava
Spain
tel: +34-94-671-9300
fax: +34-94-685-0894
sales@tubacex.es
http://www.tubacex.com
YADA Green Energy
Solutions Co., Ltd
Xinfeng Industry Paryk,Nanhu
District,
Jiaxing City Zhejiang
Province,Prc
China
tel: +86-573-83127999
fax: +86-573-83127155
yada@cnyada.net
www.cnyada.net
YADA,the leader of green
ship pipeline equipment
integration solution
https://www.lastingtitanium.com/
Duplex Seminar & Summit
Zhejiang Xintongda Special
Steel Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
No. 209 Ruiyang Road
Songyang Couty Lishui City
Zhejiang Province, 323400
China
tel: +86-577-86862205
fax: +86-577-86635318
info@xtd-ss.com
www.xtd-ss.com
leading manufacturer of
seamless stainless-steel pipe
and tube big stock of 32205
32750 32760
EVENTS
Duplex World Conference
& Exhibition 2024
6 - 7 November 2024
AHOY Rotterdam,
The Netherlands
Organised By
Duplex World
KCI Publishing B.V
PO Box 825
7400 AV Deventer
The Netherlands
Tel: +31 575 585 270
Conference
Mrs Joanne McIntyre
Conference Organizer
Tel: +31 575 585 298
E-mail:
j.mcintyre@kci-world.com
Exhibition
Mr Jan Dieperink
Exhibition Co-ördinator
Tel: +31 575 585 299
E-mail:
j.dieperink@kci-world.com
Green Steel World
Expo & Conference
14 and 15 May, 2024
If you are interested in joining
our exhibition and showcase
your efforts and results in the
domain of green steel, please
send an e-mail to:
Mr.Simon Neffelt
tel. +49 2821 71145 44
s.neffelt@kci-world.com
https://greensteelworld.com/
exhibition
Conference
The Green Steel World
Conference will focus on green
steel production and use.
(continued above➚)
2014, 24 - 25 october 2014, Stresa, italy
https://stainless-steel-world.net/buyersguide
(continued)
Green Steel World
Expo & Conference
The Conference unites
researchers, manufacturers,
end-users and suppliers in an
open and focused forum.
It’s the ideal platform to
profile your expertise,
network with industry peers,
and share your knowledge
with the international steel
community.
Ms Kiyo Ichikawa
Conference Coordinator
Phone: +31 575 789260
Email: k.ichikawa@kci-world.com
https://greensteelworld.com/
conference
www.xtd-ss.com
Stainless Steel World Asia
Conference and Expo 2024
September 11th and 12th, 2024.
Singapore EXPO, Hall 2
Street Address:
1 Expo Drive, #02-01,
Singapore 486150
https://stainless-steel-world-
asia.com/
Contact Information
Conference
Ms. Joanne Mclntyre
Conference Manager
Tel: +31 575 585 298
E-mail: sswasia.conf@kci-
world.com
Exhibition Coordinator
Ms. Jie Zhou (Jojo)
Tel: +86 150 2121 5180
E-mail: j.zhou@kci-world.com
Stainless Steel World
Conference & Exhibition
Contact Information
Conference
Ms Kiyo Ichikawa
Conference Organizer
tel: +31 575 789 260
(continued above➚)
(continued)
Stainless Steel World
Conference & Exhibition
Exhibition Co-ordinator
k.ichikawa@kci-world.com
Mr. Jan Dieperink
tel: +31-575-585-299
j.dieperink@kci-world.com
www.stainless-steel-world.net
FITTINGS &
FLANGES
Cangzhou Heli Machinery
Co.,Ltd
Jiuhe East Road 11,
Cangzhou Economical
Development Zone Hebei
China
tel: +86-317-3092360/3093308
fax: +86-317-3092360
helisales@czheliltd.com
www.czheliltd.com
Jiuli Hi-Tech Metals
No 1899, Zhongxing Road
Wuxing District,
Huzhou, Zhejiang
313028
China
tel:+86-572-253-9999
fax:+86-572-253-9000
sales@jiuli.com
www.jiuli.com
Raccortubi Group
Viale De Gasperi 194
I-20010 Marcallo con
Casone (Mi)
Italy
tel: +39-029-76300-1
fax: +39-029-0376337
info@raccortubi.com
www.raccortubigroup.com
Manufacturer and stockist
BWT up to 56”
YADA Green Energy
Solutions Co., Ltd
Xinfeng Industry Paryk,Nanhu
District,
Jiaxing City Zhejiang
Province,Prc
China
tel: +86-573-83127999
(continued above➚)
(continued)
YADA Green Energy
Solutions Co., Ltd
fax: +86-573-83127155
yada@cnyada.net
www.cnyada.net
YADA,the leader of green
ship pipeline equipment
integration solution
FORGINGS
YADA Green Energy
Solutions Co., Ltd
Xinfeng Industry Paryk,Nanhu
District,
Jiaxing City Zhejiang
Province,Prc
China
tel: +86-573-83127999
fax: +86-573-83127155
yada@cnyada.net
www.cnyada.net
YADA,the leader of green
ship pipeline equipment
integration solution
Hafnium
Marphil International
36 Rue De Richelieu 75001 Paris
France
tel: +33142974474
fax:+33142962718
marphil@marphil.eu
Specialist since 1985 of the
Nickel Alloys,Titanium,
Zirconium, Tantalum,
Hafnium and Niobium
Heat Exchanger
Tubes
Alleima
811 81 Sandviken
Sweden
+46 26 4260000
www.alleima.com
Ratnamani Metals &
Tubes Ltd.
9th Floor, A Wing ‘THE FIRST’
B/H Keshavbaug Party Plot
Vastrapur, Ahmedabad
380015
Gujarat,
India
tel: +91-79-2960 1200
info@ratnamani.com
 HEAT RESISTANT MARUICHI STAINLESS
TUBES & PIPES TUBE CO., LTD.
Tokyo Head Office:
TECNYMAT ACEROS, S.L.
9-11, Kitashinagawa
Pol.Ind. Ugaldeguren 3,
5-chome, Shinagawa-ku,
Parcela 17-2
Tokyo, 141-8688
ES 48170 Zamudio (Vizcaya)
Japan
Spain
tel: +81-3-5739-5051
tel: +34 944710035
fax:+81-3-5739-5055
fax:+34944710227
Inquire-mst@mstube.co.jp
tecnymat@tecnymat.com
https://www.mstube.co.jp
www.tecnymat.com
Heat Resistance Materials
Tube & Pipes In Stock
Merinox bv
Great Service & Quality
Kleine Beer 18
Products Founded In 1978
2952AS Alblasserdam
The Netherlands
tel:. +31-78-6917800
Hollow Bar
www.merinox.eu
Alleima
Europe’s largest stockist for
811 81 Sandviken
Seamless instrumentation &
Sweden
hydraulic tubes OD range 0,3
+46 26 4260000
to 60 mm special SS, Nickel
www.alleima.com
Alloys, (S)Duplex, Titanium
and Copper.
Ratnamani Metals &
Tubes Ltd.
Ratnamani Metals &
9th Floor, A Wing ‘THE FIRST’
Tubes Ltd.
B/H Keshavbaug Party Plot
9th Floor, A Wing ‘THE FIRST’
Vastrapur, Ahmedabad
B/H Keshavbaug Party Plot
380015
Vastrapur, Ahmedabad 380015
Gujarat,
Gujarat,
India
India
tel: +91-79-2960 1200
tel: +91-79-2960 1200
info@ratnamani.com
info@ratnamani.com
TUBACEX GROUP Sankyo & Co., Ltd.
Tres Cruces 8, 1-13-12, Umezato,
PO Box 22 Suginami-Ku
E-01400 Llodio, Alava Tokyo 166-0011
Spain Japan
tel: +34-94-671-9300 tel: +81-3-5929-1981
fax: +34-94-685-0894 fax: +81-3-5929-1944
sales@tubacex.es sales@sankomj.co.jp
http://www.tubacex.com www.sankomj.co.jp/en/
Manufacturer &
Exporter of Hydraulic &
HYDRAULIC &
Instrumentation
INSTRUMENTATION
Tubing. 6mm OD - 16mm OD
TUBING
TP304/L, TP316/L A&P, OD
Polish (320 Grit)
Alleima
811 81 Sandviken
Sweden MANUFACTURING
+46 26 4260000 Ecoke
www.alleima.com Westthorpe Fields Road,
Subsidiaries or representatives Killamarsh,
in most countries. (continued above➚)
Duplex Seminar & Summit 2014, 24 - 25 october 2014, Stresa, italy
https://stainless-steel-world.net/buyersguide
(continued)
Ecoke
Sheffield S21 1TZ
United Kingdom
tel: + +44 (0)1246 925999
ecoke@cplindustries.co.uk
https://www.ecoke.biz/
Nickel Alloys
Alleima
811 81 Sandviken
Sweden
+46 26 4260000
www.alleima.com
Tubular products, welding
consumables, bars, billets,
wire & strip steel.
https://www.ecoke.biz/
Corrosion Resistant Alloys
4424 W Sam Houston Pkwy
N, Ste. 580, Houston, TX
77041
USA
+1 (713) 827-8600
sales@cralloys.com
www.cralloys.com
CRA is a just-in-time
(JIT) mill providing high-
quality corrosion resistant
alloy pipe and tube.
CRA’s products include
oil country tubular goods
(OCTG), mechanical tube
for downhole equipment,
and schedule pipe and
tube. We specialize in the
non-standard: expedited
deliveries, custom sizes,
lengths, and specs, and
smaller production runs.
HARALD PIHL Sweden
tel: +46 8 731 56 00
info@haraldpihl.se
www.haraldpihl.com
ISO 9001 certified since
1997 AS/EN 9120 certified
since 2013
HARALD PIHL Finland
tel: +358 20 749 7040
info@haraldpihl.fi
Q-Metal Denmark
tel: +45 45 86 2622
ab@q-metal.dk
Euracciai s.r.l. Italy
tel: +39 0248 704428
haraldpihl@euracciai.it
HARALD PIHL Germany
tel: +49 2161 57 598-0
info@haraldpihl.de
HARALD PIHL Poland
tel: +48 798 700 388
info@haraldpihl.pl
HARALD PIHL England
tel: +44 1902 833 839
fax: +44 1902 462 001
info@haraldpihl.com
HARALD PIHL Norway
tel: +47 90 20 40 40
info@haraldpihl.no
HARALD PIHL China
tel: +86-138 6214 1887
rex.huang@haraldpihl.com
HARALD PIHL India
tel: +91- 9503 786 577
vishal.ranjan@haraldpihl.com
HARALD PIHL is Europe’s
fastest supplier of Nickel
alloys and Titanium.
Updated stock list at:
www.haraldpihl.com
HART BV
Beurtschipper 4
NL-3861 SC Nijkerk
The Netherlands
tel: +31-33-245-3848
sales@hartbv.nl
www.hartbv.nl
Nickel Alloy Stockist
200/201, 400, 600
625, 825, C276
Seamless and welded
Piping Products
Jiuli Hi-Tech Metals
No 1899, Zhongxing Road
Wuxing District,
(continued above➚)
www.nipponsteel.com
(continued)
Jiuli Hi-Tech Metals
Huzhou, Zhejiang
313028
China
tel:+86-572-253-9999
fax:+86-572-253-9000
Stainless Steel WORLD Buyers’Guide+Online • January/February 2024
sales@jiuli.com
www.jiuli.com
MARUICHI STAINLESS
TUBE CO., LTD.
Tokyo Head Office:
9-11, Kitashinagawa
5-chome, Shinagawa-ku,
Tokyo, 141-8688
Japan
tel: +81-3-5739-5051
fax:+81-3-5739-5055
Inquire-mst@mstube.co.jp
https://www.mstube.co.jp
NIPPON STEEL Corporation
6-1 Marunouchi,
2-Chome, Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo 100-8071
Japan
tel: +81-3-6867-5788
fax: +81-3-6867-3569
www.tubular.nipponsteel.com
Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd.
Sanei Building,
1-5-8 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku,
Tokyo 104-8365
Japan
tel: +81-3-3273-4618
fax: +81-3-3273-4634
inquiry@nyk.co.jp
www.nyk.co.jp/en/
http://www.czheliltd.com

www.impactspecialmetals.com
Officine Orsi SpA
Villaggio Francolino
I-20080 Carpiano (MI)
Italy
tel: +39-02-9850-951
fax: +39-02-9815-452
orsi@officineorsi.com
www.officineorsi.com
Stainless Steel WORLD Buyers’Guide+Online • January/February 2024
Manufacturer stockist pipes,
fittings, high performance
materials nickel alloys,
zirconium titanium
gr.1-2-7-12
P.A. Inc.
6626 Gulf Freeway
Houston, TX 77087
USA
tel: +1-713-570-4900
fax: +1-713-570-4950
sales@painc.com
www.painc.com
Raccortubi Group
Viale De Gasperi 194
I-20010 Marcallo con
Casone (Mi)
Italy
tel: +39-02-976300-1
fax: +39-02-90376337
info@raccortubi.com
www.raccortubigroup.com
625 & 825
Stalatube Oy
Taivalkatu 7
FIN-15170 Lahti
(continued above➚)
https://www.nickelalloyworld.com/
(continued)
Stalatube Oy
Finland
tel: +358-3-882-190
fax: +358-3-882-1914
sales@stalatube.com
www.stalatube.com
Stainless Steel Hollow
Sections, Custom Made
Quality i.e. cut length
service, angular or laser
cutting, perforating, special
profiles, higher strength
materials and special
materials.
TUBACEX GROUP
Tres Cruces 8,
PO Box 22
E-01400 Llodio, Alava
Spain
tel: +34-94-671-9300
fax: +34-94-685-0894
sales@tubacex.es
http://www.tubacex.com
Nickel Alloy
Seamless Tubes
Corrosion Resistant Alloys
4424 W Sam Houston Pkwy
N, Ste. 580, Houston,
TX 77041
USA
+1 (713) 827-8600
sales@cralloys.com
www.cralloys.com
CRA is a just-in-time (JIT)
mill providing high-quality
corrosion resistant alloy
pipe and tube. CRA’s
products include oil country
tubular goods (OCTG),
mechanical tube for
downhole equipment, and
schedule pipe and tube.
We specialize in the
non-standard: expedited
deliveries, custom sizes,
lengths, and specs, and
smaller production runs.
Jiaxing MT Stainless Steel
Co., Ltd
No. 501, Changsheng
South Road, Occident
(continued above➚)
https://stainless-steel-world.net/buyersguide
(continued)
Jiaxing MT Stainless Steel
Co., Ltd
Biotechnology Industry Park,
Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
China
tel: +86-573-82717867
fax: + 86-573-82718785
mtsco@mtstainlesssteel.com
www.nickelalloyworld.com
Provide Pipe,Tube,Wire,
Fitting, Flange and Plate of
Nickel Alloys/ Cobalt Alloys
Alloy 625/825/C22/C276
Alloy 600/400/25/188
Marphil International
36 Rue De Richelieu
75001 Paris
France
tel: +33142974474
fax:+33142962718
marphil@marphil.eu
Specialist since 1985
of the Nickel Alloys,
Titanium, Zirconium,
Tantalum, Hafnium and
Niobium
www.loverebilbao.com
Ratnamani Metals &
Tubes Ltd.
9th Floor, A Wing ‘THE FIRST’
B/H Keshavbaug Party Plot
Vastrapur, Ahmedabad
380015
Gujarat,
India
tel: +91-79-2960 1200
info@ratnamani.com
Sankyo & Co Ltd
1-13-12, Umezato,
Suginami-Ku
Tokyo 166-0011
Japan
tel: +81-3-5929-1981
(continued above➚)
(continued) (continued)
Sankyo & Co Ltd YADA Green Energy
fax: +81-3-5929-1944 Solutions Co., Ltd
sales@sankomj.co.jp Jiaxing City Zhejiang
www.sankomj.co.jp/en/ Province,Prc
China
tel: +86-573-83127999
Nickel Alloy
fax: +86-573-83127155
Welded Tubes
yada@cnyada.net
Marphil International
www.cnyada.net
36 Rue De Richelieu
YADA,the leader of green
75001 Paris
ship pipeline equipment
France
integration solution
tel: +33142974474
fax:+33142962718
marphil@marphil.eu STAINLESS STEEL
BARS
Specialist since 1985
of the Nickel Alloys,
LOVERE BILBAO I.
Titanium, Zirconium,
Pol. Ugaldeguren 3 P 20 N 3
Tantalum, Hafnium
E-48170 Zamudio Bizkaia
and Niobium
Spain
tel: +34-94-454 5130
fax: +34-94-454 5100
NIOBIUM
lovere@loverebilbao.com
Marphil International www.loverebilbao.com
36 Rue De Richelieu
75001 Paris
Stainless Steel
France
Plates
tel: +33142974474
fax:+33142962718
NIPPON STEEL Stainless
marphil@marphil.eu
Steel Corporation
Specialist since 1985
1-8-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku
of the Nickel Alloys,
Tokyo, 100-0005
Titanium, Zirconium,
Japan
Tantalum, Hafnium and
tel: +81-3-6841-4800
Niobium
info@stainless.nipponsteel.com
http: stainless.nipponsteel.com
PIPING
PACKAGES
STOCKIST/SUPPLIERS/
Raccortubi Group DISTRIBUTORS
Viale De Gasperi 194 BIBUS METALS Group
I-20010 Marcallo con Head Office Switzerland
Casone (Mi) Allmendstrasse 26
Italy 8320 Fehraltorf
tel: +39-02-976300-1 Switzerland
fax: +39-02-90376337 info@bibusmetals.com
info@raccortubi.com www.bibusmetals.com
www.raccortubigroup.com Stockist and distributor for
BWF, pipes, flanges in any Nickel-based Alloys and
grade Titanium/Titanium Alloys
Sales organisations
and Service centres in
YADA Green Energy Switzerland, Germany,
Solutions Co., Ltd Poland, Hungary,
Czech Republic, UK,
Xinfeng Industry
Paryk,Nanhu District, Romania, Austria, Ukraine,
(continued above➚) China, ASEAN/Korea
HARALD PIHL Sweden
tel: +46 8 731 56 00
info@haraldpihl.se
www.haraldpihl.com
ISO 9001 certified since 1997
AS/EN 9120 certified since
2013
HARALD PIHL Finland
tel: +358 20 749 7040
info@haraldpihl.fi
Q-Metal Denmark
tel: +45 45 86 2622
ab@q-metal.dk
Euracciai s.r.l. Italy
tel: +39 0248 704428
haraldpihl@euracciai.it
HARALD PIHL Germany
tel: +49 2161 57 598-0
info@haraldpihl.de
HARALD PIHL Poland
tel: +48 798 700 388
info@haraldpihl.pl
HARALD PIHL England
tel: +44 1902 833 839
fax: +44 1902 462 001
info@haraldpihl.com
HARALD PIHL Norway
tel: +47 90 20 40 40
info@haraldpihl.no
HARALD PIHL China
tel: +86-138 6214 1887
rex.huang@haraldpihl.com
HARALD PIHL India
tel: +91- 9503 786 577
vishal.ranjan@haraldpihl.com
HARALD PIHL is Europe’s
fastest supplier of Nickel
alloys and Titanium.
Updated stock list at:
www.haraldpihl.com
HART BV
Beurtschipper 4
NL-3861 SC Nijkerk
The Netherlands
tel: +31-33-245-3848
sales@hartbv.nl
www.hartbv.nl
(continued above➚)
Duplex Seminar & Summit
(continued) (continued) (continued)
HART BV P.A. Inc. Kuze Bellows Kogyosho
Nickel Alloy Stockist 200/201, Houston, TX 77087 Co Ltd
400, 600 625, 825, C276 USA ~6”NB, Duplex(S31803):
Seamless and welded tel: +1-713-570-4900 ~20”NB, S.Duplex(S32750):
Piping Products fax: +1-713-570-4950 ~20”NB, High Nickel http: stainless.nipponsteel.com
sales@painc.com Alloy (C22)
www.painc.com
Impact Special Metals Ltd
MARUICHI STAINLESS
76 Cookstown Industrial
TUBE CO., LTD. (continued)
Estate, Tallaght,
TA Trading (Beijing) Co., Ltd. Tokyo Head Office: S & N Stainless Pipeline
Dublin D24 AF84.
Rm.510, Jinmeng Plaza, 9-11, Kitashinagawa Products Ltd
Ireland
No.17, Xiaoying Rd., 5-chome, Shinagawa-ku, Wardley Industrial Estate
tel: + 353 1 451 2144
Chaoyang, Tokyo, 141-8688 Worsley, Manchester,
fax: +353 1 450 5405
Beijing Japan M28 2NY
liamvickers@impactirl.ie
China tel: +81-3-5739-5051 United Kingdom
Stainless Steel WORLD Buyers’Guide+Online • January/February 2024
www.impactspecialmetals.com
tel:+86 10 84830821 fax:+81-3-5739-5055 tel: +44-161-728-1148
MODIFICATION
fax: 86 10 84830821FILE JUNE 2018 STAINLESS STEEL WORLD fax: +44-161-351-6689
Inquire-mst@mstube.co.jp
INVEX AB brandon.liu@tatrd.com https://www.mstube.co.jp
Please move the Logo Special Steel Stock from page 5 to page sales@snstainless.com
4 (instead of SSW
Möbelgatan 4 43133 Americas)
www.tatrd.com www.snstainless.com
Mölndal Raccortubi Group We are the leading
Put the logo of Harald Phil on page 5 in the center
Blekegatan 2 652 21 Viale De Gasperi 194 supplier of pipe, pipe
Karlstad I-20010 Marcallo con fittings & flanges IN
Sweden Casone (Mi) UNS31 254,
tel: +46 31 57 77 90 Italy DUPLEX and SUPER
info@invex.se tel: +39-02-976300-1 DUPLEX stainless steel.
www.invex.se fax: +39-02-90376337 We carry extensive
Bars/Sheets/Plates/Fine info@raccortubi.com stocks in above grades
tubes of Titanium, www.raccortubigroup.com in both UNS 32750
Nickel alloys, special SS NICKEL ALLOYS UNS 32760 - UNS 32750 and UNS32760 in sizes
Corrosion resistant, heat Super fittings, pipes and flanges to from ½” NB through to
Modify
resistant etc. Duplex Norsok specs 24” NB
HARALD PIHL Sweden
tel: +46 8 731 56 00
Alleima
info@haraldpihl.se
811 81 Sandviken Ratnamani Metals &
Nichelcrom Acciai Inox SpA www.haraldpihl.com
Sweden Tubes Ltd. YADA Green Energy
Via Trento 96/100 20099 – ISO 9001 certified since 1997
+46 9120 certified since 9 Floor, A Wing ‘THE FIRST’
26 4260000
AS/EN
th Solutions Co., Ltd
Sesto San Giovanni Milano
2013
www.alleima.com B/H Keshavbaug Party Plot Xinfeng Industry
Italy
Subsidiaries or Vastrapur, Ahmedabad Paryk,Nanhu District,
tel: +39022479151 HARALD PIHL Finland
representatives 380015 Jiaxing City Zhejiang
info@nichelcrom.com tel: +358 20 749 7040
ininfo@haraldpihl.fi
most countries. Gujarat, Province,Prc
www.nichelcrom.com
India China
NichelcromLab shows the
Q-Metal Denmark tel: +91-79-2960 1200 tel: +86-573-83127999
infinite possibilities of stainless tel: +45 45 86 2622
Kuze Bellows Kogyosho info@ratnamani.com fax: +86-573-83127155
steel in interior design and ab@q-metal.dk
Co Ltd yada@cnyada.net
lifestyle.
Euracciai
74-1, s.r.l. Italy
Minamichujo Sankyo & Co Ltd www.cnyada.net
tel: +39 0248 704428
Tsubata-Cho, 1-13-12, Umezato, YADA,the leader of
Paul Meijering Metalen BV haraldpihl@euracciai.it
Kahoku-Gun Suginami-Ku green ship pipeline
Bossekamp 9-13
HARALD PIHL
Ishikawa-Ken Germany
929-0343 Tokyo 166-0011 equipment integration
NL-5301 LZ Zaltbommel tel: +49 2161 57 598-0
Japan Japan solution
The Netherlands info@haraldpihl.de
tel: +81-76-289-2139 tel: +81-3-5929-1981
tel: +31-418-576-060 fax: +81-3-5929-1944
fax: +81-76-289-4141
HARALD PIHL Poland
fax: +31-418-541-215 sales@sankomj.co.jp
tel: +48 798 700 388
s-info@kuze.com
info@paulmeijering.nl www.sankomj.co.jp/en/
www.kuze.com
www.paulmeijering.nl
Manufacture of Seamless
Pipe: Aust.Stainless Steel S & N Stainless Pipeline
P.A. Inc. (TP304L, TP316L..) : Products Ltd www.tatrd.com
6626 Gulf Freeway ~24”NB, 6Mo(S31254): Unit B4 Fallons Road,
(continued above➚) (continued above➚) (continued above➚)
2014, 24 - 25 october 2014, Stresa, italy
https://stainless-steel-world.net/buyersguide

YOUR LOGO
HERE?
Contact us:
bg @kci-world.com
Tantalum
Marphil International
36 Rue De Richelieu
75001 Paris
France
tel: +33142974474
fax:+33142962718
Stainless Steel WORLD Buyers’Guide+Online • January/February 2024
marphil@marphil.eu
Specialist since 1985
of the Nickel Alloys,
Titanium, Zirconium,
Tantalum, Hafnium and
Niobium
Titanium
Aerometals & Alloys (Acnis
Group)
60/62 Avenue du Progrès
69680 Chassieu
France
fcarrillon@acnis-titanium.com
tel: +33 6 60 33 38 51
fax: +33 4 26 49 63 67
www.aerometals-alloys.com
Aerometals & Alloys
stocks and distributes
500 tons in stock
Titanium Stainless Steel
Special Alloys
Cutting service center
waterjet, laser, sawing
17-4PH, 15-5PH bars
ISO9001-EN9120
Baoji Titanium Industry
Co.,LTD
No.88, High-Tech Road
(continued above➚)
Duplex Seminar & Summit
(continued)
Baoji Titanium Industry
Co.,LTD
Baoji City, Shaanxi Province
China
tel: +86 917 3382075
fax: +86 917 3382136
sunyuwei@baoti.com
http://www.baoti.com
HARALD PIHL Sweden
tel: +46 8 731 56 00
info@haraldpihl.se
www.haraldpihl.com
ISO 9001 certified since
1997 AS/EN 9120 certified
since 2013
HARALD PIHL Finland
tel: +358 20 749 7040
info@haraldpihl.fi
Q-Metal Denmark
tel: +45 45 86 2622
ab@q-metal.dk
Euracciai s.r.l. Italy
tel: +39 0248 704428
haraldpihl@euracciai.it
HARALD PIHL Germany
tel: +49 2161 57 598-0
info@haraldpihl.de
HARALD PIHL Poland
tel: +48 798 700 388
info@haraldpihl.pl
HARALD PIHL England
tel: +44 1902 833 839
fax: +44 1902 462 001
info@haraldpihl.com
HARALD PIHL Norway
tel: +47 90 20 40 40
info@haraldpihl.no
HARALD PIHL China
tel: +86-138 6214 1887
rex.huang@haraldpihl.com
HARALD PIHL India
tel: +91- 9503 786 577
vishal.ranjan@haraldpihl.com
HARALD PIHL is Europe’s
fastest supplier of Nickel
alloys and Titanium.
Updated stock list at:
www.haraldpihl.com
2014, 24 - 25 october 2014, Stresa, italy
https://stainless-steel-world.net/buyersguide
Officine Orsi SpA (continued)
Villaggio Francolino Jiangsu Hongbao High-
I-20080 Carpiano (MI) Precise Pipe & Tube Co., Ltd.
Italy Zhangjiagang City,
tel: +39-02-9850-951 Jiangsu Province, 215636
fax: +39-02-9815-452 P.R.China
orsi@officineorsi.com tel: +86-512-58715276,
www.officineorsi.com +86-15895686919
Manufacturer stockist fax: +86-512-58760120
pipes,fittings, high export@hongbao.com
performance materials nickel www.weldedsteel-tube.com
alloys, zirconium titanium
gr.1-2-7-12
Marphil International
36 Rue De Richelieu
Shaanxi Lasting Titanium 75001 Paris
Industry Co.,Ltd France
1# Zhuquedajie nanduan, Xi’an, tel: +33142974474
Shaanxi, China 710061 fax:+33142962718
China marphil@marphil.eu
tel: +86 29 8965103/ 89651196 Specialist since 1985
fax: +86 29 89651193 of the Nickel Alloys,
karen@lastingtitanium.com Titanium, Zirconium,
sales@lastingtitanium.com Tantalum, Hafnium
and Niobium
www.lastingtitanium.com
Leading supplier of
titanium & titanium alloy.
Products include Titanium P.A. Inc.
Bars, Plates, Pipes, Powder, 6626 Gulf Freeway
Forgings, & Tailor made Houston, TX 77087
machine parts. USA
tel: +1-713-570-4900
fax: +1-713-570-4950
sales@painc.com
www.painc.com
https://stainless-steel-world-event.com/ TITANIUM TUBES &
PIPES WELDED
Marphil International
36 Rue De Richelieu
75001 Paris
Sincemat Co.,Ltd.
France
Room 805, No 1 Building,
tel: +33142974474
7866 Humin Road
fax:+33142962718
Shanghai 201102
marphil@marphil.eu
China
Specialist since 1985
tel: +86-21-52962271
of the Nickel Alloys,
fax: +86-21-52962270
Titanium, Zirconium,
info@sincemat.com
Tantalum, Hafnium
www.sincemat.com
and Niobium
TITANIUM TUBES &
PIPES SEAMLESS
Ratnamani Metals &
Jiangsu Hongbao High- Tubes Ltd.
Precise Pipe & Tube Co., Ltd. 9th Floor, A Wing ‘THE FIRST’
Daxin Town, B/H Keshavbaug Party Plot
(continued above➚) (continued above➚)
(continued)
Ratnamani Metals &
Tubes Ltd.
Vastrapur, Ahmedabad
380015
Gujarat,
India
tel: +91-79-2960 1200
info@ratnamani.com
Tubes & Pipes
Alleima
811 81 Sandviken
Sweden
+46 26 4260000
www.alleima.com
Subsidiaries or
representatives in most
countries.
Jiuli Hi-Tech Metals
No 1899, Zhongxing Road
Wuxing District,
Huzhou, Zhejiang
313028
China
tel:+86-572-253-9999
fax:+86-572-253-9000
sales@jiuli.com
www.jiuli.com
Paul Meijering
Metalen BV
Bossekamp 9-13
5301 LZ Zaltbommel
The Netherlands
tel: +31-418-576-060
fax: +31-418-541-215
info@paulmeijering.nl
www.paulmeijering.nl
YADA Green Energy
Solutions Co., Ltd
Xinfeng Industry
Paryk,Nanhu District,
Jiaxing City Zhejiang
Province,Prc
China
tel: +86-573-83127999
fax: +86-573-83127155
yada@cnyada.net
www.cnyada.net
YADA,the leader of green
ship pipeline equipment
integration solution
Zhejiang Tsingshan Steel
Pipe Co., Ltd.
Tsingshan Building A,
No. 2666,
Longxiang Road, Longwan
District
Wenzhou City,Zhejiang Province
China
tel: +86-577-866-20-888
fax:+86-577-866-20-871
sales@tsingshan.net
www.tsingshan.net
Tsingshan products are widely
applied to various industries
including petroleum,
petrochemical, refinery,
chemical, machinery, power,
shipbuilding, paper-making
harmacy and food, etc.
Tubes & Pipes -
Rectangular
Stalatube Oy
Taivalkatu 7
FIN-15170 Lahti
Finland
tel: +358-3-882-190
fax: +358-3-882-1914
sales@stalatube.com
www.stalatube.com
Stainless Steel Hollow
Sections, Custom Made
Quality i.e. cut length service,
angular or laser cutting,
perforating, special profiles,
higher strength materials and
special materials.
Tubes & Pipes -
Seamless
Corrosion Resistant Alloys
4424 W Sam Houston Pkwy
N, Ste. 580, Houston, TX
77041
USA
+1 (713) 827-8600
sales@cralloys.com
www.cralloys.com
CRA is a just-in-time (JIT)
mill providing high-quality
corrosion resistant alloy pipe
and tube. CRA’s products
include oil country tubular
goods (OCTG), mechanical
tube for downhole equipment,
and schedule pipe and tube. We
specialize in the non-standard:
(continued above➚)
Duplex SeminarHANDY
(continued)
Corrosion Resistant Alloys
expedited deliveries, custom
sizes, lengths, and specs, and
smaller production runs.
HART BV
Beurtschipper 4
NL-3861 SC Nijkerk
The Netherlands
tel: +31-33-245-3848
sales@hartbv.nl
www.hartbv.nl
Nickel Alloy Stockist
200/201, 400, 600
625, 825, C276
Seamless and welded
Piping Products
Kuze Bellows Kogyosho
Co Ltd
74-1, Minamichujo
Tsubata-Cho,
Kahoku-Gun
Ishikawa-Ken 929-0343
Japan
tel: +81-76-289-2139
fax: +81-76-289-4141
s-info@kuze.com
www.kuze.com
Manufacture of Seamless
Pipe: Aust.Stainless Steel
(TP304L, TP316L..) :
~24”NB, 6Mo(S31254):
~6”NB, Duplex(S31803):
~20”NB, S.Duplex(S32750):
~20”NB, High Nickel
Alloy (C22)
MARUICHI STAINLESS
TUBE CO., LTD.
Tokyo Head Office:
9-11, Kitashinagawa
5-chome, Shinagawa-ku,
Tokyo, 141-8688
Japan
tel: +81-3-5739-5051
fax:+81-3-5739-5055
Inquire-mst@mstube.co.jp
https://www.mstube.co.jp
NIPPON STEEL Corporation
6-1 Marunouchi,
2-Chome, Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo 100-8071
Japan
(continued above➚)
& Summit 2014, 24 - 25 october 2014, Stresa, italy
TUBE CORPORATION www.handytube.com
(continued)
NIPPON STEEL Corporation
tel: +81-3-6867-5788
fax: +81-3-6867-3569
www.tubular.nipponsteel.com
P.A. Inc.
6626 Gulf Freeway
Houston, TX 77087
USA
tel: +1-713-570-4900
fax: +1-713-570-4950
sales@painc.com
www.painc.com
www.snstainless.com
Raccortubi Group
Viale De Gasperi 194
I-20010 Marcallo con
Casone (Mi)
Italy
tel: +39-02-976300-1
fax: +39-02-90376337
info@raccortubi.com
www.raccortubigroup.com
Stockist of pipes and tubes
from 6 mm OD to 406.4 mm
(16”) OD in grades 304/L,
316/L, 321/H, 347/H, 304H,
31803, 32760, 32750,
31254, 904L
Ratnamani Metals &
Tubes Ltd.
9th Floor, A Wing ‘THE FIRST’
B/H Keshavbaug Party Plot
Vastrapur, Ahmedabad
380015
Gujarat,
India
tel: +91-79-2960 1200
info@ratnamani.com
Sankyo & Co., Ltd.
1-13-12, Umezato,
Suginami-Ku
Tokyo 166-0011
Japan
tel: +81-3-5929-1981
(continued above➚)
(continued)
Sankyo & Co., Ltd.
fax: +81-3-5929-1944
sales@sankomj.co.jp
www.sankomj.co.jp/en/
Exporter of Seamless
Stainless Steel Tube/Pipe 1/2” www.nichelcrom.com
- 6” in common grade,
Copper Alloy
Alloy 20, Alloy C276 (continued)
Alloy 600, Alloy 625 voestalpine Böhler Welding
Alloy 800, Alloy 8250 Group GmbH
Germany
welding@voestalpine.com
TUBACEX GROUP
www.voestalpine.com/welding
Tres Cruces 8,
Think stainless, weld
PO Box 22
Stainless Steel WORLD Buyers’Guide+Online • January/February 2024
stainless, love stainless.
E-01400 Llodio, Alava
Böhler Welding is Matchless
Spain
in Stainless
tel: +34-94-671-9300
fax: +34-94-685-0894
Welded Hollow
sales@tubacex.es
Sections
http://www.tubacex.com
Stalatube Oy
Tubes & Pipes -
Taivalkatu 7
Welded
FIN-15170 Lahti
Ratnamani Metals & Finland
Tubes Ltd. tel: +358-3-882-190
9th Floor, A Wing ‘THE FIRST’ fax: +358-3-882-1914
B/H Keshavbaug Party Plot sales@stalatube.com
Vastrapur, Ahmedabad 380015 www.stalatube.com
Gujarat, Stainless Steel Hollow Sections,
India Custom Made Quality i.e.
tel: +91-79-2960 1200 cut length service, angular
info@ratnamani.com or laser cutting, perforating,
special profiles, higher strength
Stalatube Oy materials and special materials.
Taivalkatu 7
FIN-15170 Lahti Zirconium
Finland
Marphil International
tel: +358-3-882-190
36 Rue De Richelieu 75001 Paris
fax: +358-3-882-1914
France
sales@stalatube.com
tel: +33142974474
www.stalatube.com
fax:+33142962718
Stainless Steel Hollow
marphil@marphil.eu
Sections, Custom Made
Specialist since 1985
Quality i.e. cut length service,
of the Nickel Alloys,
angular or laser cutting,
Titanium, Zirconium,
perforating, special profiles,
Tantalum, Hafnium
higher strength materials and
and Niobium
special materials.
WELDING
consumables
Tecnymat
voestalpine Böhler Welding Aceros
Group GmbH STAINLESS STEEL – REFRACTORY – ALLOYS
CASTINGS
Peter-Müller-Strasse 14-14a,
www.tecnymat.com
40468 Düsseldorf,
(continued above➚)
 Stainless Steel World
Application Guide
January/February 2024

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Alleima ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Baoji Titanium Industry Co.,LTD ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

BIBUS METALS Group ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

HARALD PIHL ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

HART BV ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Impact Special Metals Ltd ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

INVEX AB ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Jiaxing MT Stainless Steel Co., Ltd ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Kuze Bellows Kogyosho Co Ltd ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

LOVERE BILBAO I. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Merinox B.V. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Nichelcrom Acciai Inox SpA ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

NIPPON STEEL Corporation ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Officine Orsi SpA ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

P.A. Inc. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Raccortubi Group ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Ratnamani Metals & Tubes Ltd. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

S & N Stainless Pipeline Products Ltd ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Sankyo & Co Ltd ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

SANYO SEIKI CO., LTD. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Shaanxi Lasting Titanium Industry

■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Co.,Ltd

Stalatube Oy ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Sverdrup Steel ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

TECNYMAT ACEROS, S.L ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

TUBACEX GROUP ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

voestalpine Böhler Welding

■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Group GmbH

YADA Green Energy Solutions

■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Co., Ltd

Zhejiang Tsingshan Steel

■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Pipe Co., Ltd.

Zhejiang Xintongda Special Steel

■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

For more Buyers’Guide+Online information, please contact Vera Solís, e-mail: bg.ssw@kci-world.com or visit us at www.stainless-steel-world.net
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