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Sacks Sentence Completion Test Report
Sacks Sentence Completion Test Report
Sacks Sentence Completion Test Report
Aim: To assess the personality, attitude and adjustment of subject using SACKS
completion Test.
Introduction:
1. Definitions-:
i. Personality-
“Personality is that which permits a prediction of what a person will do
in a given situation (R.B. Cattell).”
“Personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of those
psychological systems that determine his unique adjustment to his
environment (Allport).”
“Personality is the expression of man's inner life; character is the
expression of what he does or achieves (R.M. Ogsten)”.
ii. Attitude-
“An attitude is a negative or positive evaluation of an object which
influences human behaviour towards that object (Michael Hogg).”
“An attitude is a learned predisposition to respond in a favourable or
unfavourable manner towards people, an object, an idea or a situation
(Martin Fishbein)”.
“An attitude is a relatively enduring organization of beliefs around an
object or situation predisposing one to respond in some preferential
manner (Milton Rokeach)”.
iii. Adjustment-
“Adjustment is the process by which a living organism maintains a
balance between its needs and the circumstances that influence the
satisfaction of these needs (Shaffer,1961).
“Adjustment is the process of finding and adopting modes of behaviour
suitable to the environment or the changes in the environment (Good,
1959).
“Adjustment is a state in which the needs of the individual on one hand
and claims of the environment on other hand are fully satisfied or the
process by which this harmonious relationship can be attained
(Eysenck,1972).
2. Theories of Personality-:
i. Psychoanalytic Approach-In the psychoanalytic approach, the focus is on
the unconscious mind rather than the conscious mind. It is built on the
foundational idea that your behaviour is determined by experiences from
your past that are lodged in your unconscious mind. The founder of
Psychoanalysis was Sigmund Freud. Perhaps the most impactful idea put
forth by Freud was his model of the human mind. His model divides the
mind into three layers, or regions:
Free will exists, and individuals should take personal responsibility for
self-growth and fulfilment. Not all behaviour is determined.
People are inherently good and will experience growth if provided with
suitable conditions, especially during childhood.
Each person and each experience are unique, so psychologists should treat
each case individually, rather than rely on averages from group studies.
Review of Literatures:
from 2nd grade high school. The study was conducted using accidental
sampling technique (SSCT). Study was conducted for 3 months.
Questionnaires were provided offline. Results of the analysis in female
and male participants show that overall parental involvement and
proactive personality significantly influence the career decision-
making self-efficacy.
Description of Test:
This test contains 60 items to be answered by the test subject. The response to each
item should be the first thing coming in the mind of test subject. The items of the test
cover four areas
a) Family
b) Sex
c) Interpersonal relationship
d) Self-Concept
Also, it is a semiprojective test.
Demographic Details:
I. Name- XYZ
II. Age- 25
III. Educational Qualification- Undergraduate
IV. Gender- Female
V. Occupation-PG Student
Material Required:
Pencil, Eraser, Manual, Questionnaire, Response Sheet
Precautions:
The precautions which need to be taken care of are as follows
A. The test site should be comfortable, have good lighting, ventilation and
handicap accessibility.
B. The test subject should not face any interruption or distraction such as
excessive noise.
C. The responses of the participant should not be influenced by the 3rd person.
D. Other miscellaneous distractions should be minimized if not eliminated.
Rapport Formation:
Following aspects were kept in mind to build rapport with the test subject.
1. Good appearance.
2. Basics of Communication skills.
3. Finding common ground.
4. Creating shared experiences.
5. Being empathic
6. Mirror and match mannerisms and speech appropriately.
Instructions:
60 partly completed sentences are given. Read each one and finish it by writing the
first thing that comes to the mind. Work as quickly as you can. If any item cannot be
completed at that particular moment, circle the number and return to it later.
Administration:
Following things were kept in mind while administering the conduction of test.
Time period of 20-40 minutes was provided to finish the test which was
completely utilized by the test subject.
This test could be administered individually or in a group.
The test subject was allowed to clarify all the doubts regarding instructions of
the test.
The test was conducted at an examination hall to maintain the decorum.
The conduction of test was administered by a trained proctor who maintained
positive atmosphere.
Introspective Report
The test appeared to be simple at first, but the client stated that some questions
required an honest response. The client responded affirmatively to the directions, but
several of the questions elicited a highly holistic spontaneous answer. They didn't
even realise they could finish some statements with such genuine reactions that had
never been shared or acknowledged, as they made plain. The client's overall
experience was positive because they were able to provide some accurate answers, but
certain questions were tough to answer. There appeared to be some unprocessed items
that may have hampered the responses, and some questions were left unanswered.
Observational Report
The focus was not only on the immediate behaviour but also on the subtleties of
client’s nature. The way they approached the test, there were hints of enthusiasm and
excitement because the very fact that client’s curiosity was touching the sky regarding
the idea of a ‘psychological assessment’. While they were taking the test, for first 15-
20 minutes, it seemed there is no difficulty. But as the client progressed, one could
easily spot them in an emotional turmoil. When I mention emotional turmoil, I do not
mean one with severe reactions but one with dilemma. The client wrote the answers
with utmost honesty and reported to have the heightened emotions while taking the
test.
Scoring
To get overall rating in a category, average of the of the scores on each item under a
category should be taken.
That is, if scores on 4 items under a category are-2,2,2,1 then the overall score will be
(2+2+2+1)/4=1.75=2. Hence 4 is number of items.
If any item is missing or it has insufficient evidence- for example, scores on 4 items
under a category are- 2,2,2, X then the overall score will be (2+2+2)/3=2.
Result
Discussion
To assess the personality, attitude and adjustment of subject using SACKS completion
Test. The interpretations drawn from our statements are given below
indicate through one of her responses such as, “responsibility and loyalty towards
other partner”.
Conclusion
It could be elicited that in responding to the stimulus/ responses in sentence completion test,
the client unconsciously revealed her true say, since there is no way in which she could
anticipate the significance of her complains for personality study. The test causes little test
anxiety which gave the client nearly complete freedom in making her responses and
expressing the feelings in her own words. The sentence completion test gives a good deal of
information about the client which seems to have practical value. There is no element threat
in the test. It is an indirect approach and procedure that requires higher intellectual processes
for the evaluation of fantasies or artistic productions. It is a time-consuming talk and the
scoring manual for each sex need not be prepared separately. Moreover, it should be taken
care of that the information obtained from the sentence completion test should be put together
to get a total picture of general adjustment of a client. No single response should be examined
separately.
Reference
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Decision Self-Efficacy Among High School Student. In 3rd
International Conference on Intervention and Applied Psychology
(ICIAP 2019) and the 4th Universitas Indonesia Psychology
Symposium for Undergraduate Research (UIPSUR 2019) (pp. 226-
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