JTO(T) to SDE(T) Broadband Module

MULTIPLAY and BROADBAND

Course Contents:
 Introduction to Broadband
 Broadband Services
 Components of Broadband Network

Objectives
The main objective of this chapter is to build up the following
i) Introduction & To understand the need of broadband
ii) To understand what is Broadband
iii) To familiarize with the various broadband technologies
iv) To familiarize with Broadband Network

4.1 INTRODUCTION & NEED OF BROADBAND

With the evolution of computer networking and packet switching concept a new era
of integrated communication has emerged in the telecom world. Rapid growth of data
communication market, integration of telecom and computer networking technology trend
have further amplified the importance of telecommunications in the field of information
communication.
The demand for high-speed bandwidth is growing at a fast pace. The rapid growth of
distributed business applications, e-commerce, and bandwidth-intensive applications (such as
multimedia, videoconferencing, and video on demand) generate the demand for bandwidth
and access network. Service providers and customers both are interested in economy with
fastest tool of communication with more throughput.
A concept of “broadband” services and the means of access technologies refers to
high-speed Internet access. Broadband Solutions represent the convergence of multiple
independent networks including voice, video and data into a single, unified, broadband
network.
4.2 DEFINITION OF BROADBAND

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Broadband is the nonspecific term for high-speed digital Internet access. To state the
obvious, „broadband‟ indicates a means of connectivity at a high or „broad‟ bandwidth.

In fact there is no specific International Definition for Broadband

In India, Department of Telecommunications has issued a Broadband policy in 2004.
Broadband connectivity is defined at present as: -
“An „always-on‟ data connection that is able to support interactive services including
Internet access and has the capability of the minimum download speed of 256 kilo bits per
second (kbps) to an individual subscriber from the Point Of Presence (POP) of the service
provider.
4.3 Broadband Services
Broadband services basically can be grouped as given below based on the nature of
activities involved;
4.3.1 Professional Activities:
 Telecommuting (access to corporate networks and systems to support working at
home on a regular basis)
 Video conferencing (one-to-one or multi-person video telephone calls)
 Home-based business (including web serving, e-commerce with customers, and other
financial functions)
 Home office (access to corporate networks and e-mail to supplement work at a
primary office location)
4.3.2 Entertainment Activities:
 Web surfing (as today, but at higher speeds with more video content)
 Video-on-demand (movies and rerun or delayed television shows)
 Video games (interactive multi-player games)
4.3.3 Consumer Activities:
 Shopping (as today, but at higher speeds with more video content)
 Telemedicine (including remote doctor visits and remote medical analyses by medical
specialists)
 Distance learning (including live and pre-recorded educational presentations)
 Public services (including voting and electronic town hall meetings)
 Information gathering (using the Web for non-entertainment purposes)
 Photography (editing, distributing, and displaying of digital photographs)
 Video conferencing among friends and family

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These applications have different bandwidth requirements.
Following are the various applications or services on broadband connectivity: -
4.3.4 Virtual Networks
The private virtual networks (LAN/WAN) can be used in an ample variety of
multimedia services, like bank accounts and central offices.
4.3.5 Education by distance
Education will not have any limits to reach from source to destination. Along with the
traditional school a concept of remote leaning center is emerged out and popular for various
courses. There is no limit of distance, area or location in such distance learning. The student
situated in the remote station can intervene directly to his class with a double system via
videoconference, whilst this happens, simultaneously, the file exchange.

4.3.6 Telework
Organization firm workers that incorporate communication systems via satellite, can
work remotely connecting directly to their head offices Internet by a high speed connection
that permits users to work efficiently and comfortable.
4.3.7 Telemedicine
Doctors situated in different clinics can stay in contact and consult themselves
directly to other regional medical centers, using videoconference and the exchange of high
quality images, giving out test results and any type of information. Also rural zone can have
the opinion of specialists situated in remote hospitals quickly and efficiently.
4.3.8 Electronic commerce
Electronic commerce is a system that permits users to pay goods and services by
Internet.
These services are provided by BSNL by installing different network elements in a
phased manner under different projects of NIB .They are ;
I) Project 1 – MPLS core network
II) Project 2 – Access network
 2.1 - Narrowband access
 2.2 - Broadband access
III) Project 3 – Messaging, Storage, EMS etc.

Project 2.2. i.e. broadband access network elements and services are discussed below.

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4.4 NIB II-Project 2.2

This Project is for the deployment of broadband services in 198 cities with 69
important cities where Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) is deployed.
The cities are categorized under A1 (3 cites), A2 (3 cites), A3 (6 cites), A4 (10 cites), B1 (21
cites), B2 (cites), and others (129 cities). Delhi and Mumbai will not have any broadband
equipment under Project 2.2 of NIB-II.

4.4.1 Services of Project 2.2

• Primary source of Internet bandwidth for retail users for application such as Web
browsing, e-commerce etc
• Multicast video services, video on demand etc through Broadband Remote Access
Server (BRAS).
• Allow wholesale BRAS ports to be assigned to smaller ISPs through the franchises
model wherein the later has a separate network of DSLAMs, AAA, LDAP through a
revenue scheme of BSNL.
• Dialup VPN (VPDN) user connects to NIB-II through the Narrow band RAS and
connected to its private network through a secure L2TP tunnel established between
Narrowband RAS and Broadband RAS.
• Support for both prepaid and postpaid Broadband services.

Broadband Multiplay
Broadband Multi-Play focuses on the augmentation of Broadband Access Network to
meet the targets fixed by DOT with planned capacity of 6 millions supporting multi-play
services like Video on Demand, IP TV, VoIP, VPN service etc with guaranteed control of
critical parameters like latency, throughput, jitter to ensure high grade delivery of real time
service, near real time, non real time and best effort”.

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4.5 Components of Broad Band Access Network

• Broad Band Remote Access Server (BBRAS)
• Gigabit and Fast Ethernet Aggregation Switches (LAN Switches)
• Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexers (DSLAMs)
• SSSS/SSSC (Subscriber Service Selection System/ Centre)
• Servers for AAA, LDAP at Pune
• Provisioning and configuration management at NOC
4.6 Broadband Network Architecture (NIB 2);

It is a layered architecture as given below

 Access
 Distribution
 Metro Core
 Core

4.6.1 Core

 MPLS based IP infrastructure in 71 cities being expanded to 106 cities, as part of

Project 1 of NIB-II.
4.6.2 Distribution + Metro Core

 From Tier 2 Switch onward (towards the network)

4.6.3 Access

 DSLAM to user
 Below given figures shows very clearly the deployment of network elements, their
arrangement in different types of cities across the country.

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Network diagram of NIB-II

Core
route
r
Broadband GigE
RAS BB

Tier1 GigE ADSL

Aggregation terminals
SW

..DSLAM..

GigE

Tier 2 LAN Switch

FE FE FE
X-ge E
X-ge C
X-ge D

..DSLAM.. X-ge B ..DSLAM.. ..DSLAM..

ADSL ADSL
ADSL ADSL ADSL
terminals terminals
terminals terminals terminals

Figure 20: Network Diagram of NIB-II

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Figure 21: Broadband connectivity of A city

Figure 22: Broadband connectivity in B City

4.7 Support for wide range of services

Each service is characterized by its unique requirement of latency, jitter and
throughput.
Internet is by default the best service.
Specific requirement of Voice and Video for bandwidth and quality
Admission Control
Network Resiliency

4.8 How Multiplay will fit into existing BSNL Network

• Multiplay is expansion of DSL Broad band Network of BSNL

• Network Designed to cater to Multiplay services

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DSLAM continue to work in star topology.

Uplink bandwidth of DSLAM is min. 1+1 GE

The Aggregation Network for Multiplay will be in Ring Topology based on RPR
instead of the existing tree structure of Project 2.2. (for second layer of aggregation,
RPR is used).

• Connection Admission Control and hierarchal QoS implementation

New applications like automated subscriber installation and on going support is

introduced.

• The Traffic aggregation to Core Backbone happens across 100 cities instead 23 cities
of Project 2.2.

4.9 Network Elements and servers of BB Multiplay Project

• Hardware

– CPE ----- UTStarcom Contract Manufacturer SemIndia

– DSLAM---UTStarcom

– RPR-------UTStarcom

– OCLAN--- ZTE

– BNG------- Redback

– Servers---- SUN

• Miscellaneous Components

– Converters

– DSL Tester

– Desktop/Laptop

– UPS

• Applications

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– PMS ---- Metasolve

– Subscriber management --- Motive

– Subscriber Self Service Centre--- Redback

– Internet Policy Server – NetSweeper

– AAA/SSSS -- Elitecore

– DNS/DHCP -- ISC

– eMS for above Hardware

• Database - Oracle

1.10 Application / Server Infrastructure

1. NOC &DR -NOC: SUN HW EMS,PMS, SSSS,SSSC,AAA, Sub Automation , All
Application S/W etc

2. Regional POP : SUN HW EMS , SSSS,SSSC,AAA, Application S/W etc

3. Aggregation Network : BNG, RPR T1, RPRT2, OC LAN switch

4. Access Network : DSLAM, CPEs

5. Other: DSL Tester, UPS, Laptop, Client PCs.

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Network Architecture in A Cities

MPLS
Mega POP MPLS
Nation wide
Core Layer

Edge Server
Edge Server STM-16
Regional Server

RPR
10 G Aggregation
10 G RPR Layer
RPR

GE
PE Router Tier 1 Sw

Broadband Network‟ Tier 2 Sw

Gateway (BNG)

Figure 23: Network Architecture in A Cities

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Broadband Multiplay – (B2-BNG) Cities

In Association 5

Figure 24: Broadband Multiplay B2-BNG Network Architecture

Network Architecture in B Cities without BNG

MPLS
Nation wide
Core

MPLS
Layer
GE

RPR
Aggregation
1G
Layer
RPR

GE
PE Router Tier 1 Sw

BNG Tier 2 Sw

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Figure 25: Broadband Multiplay B2 Cities without BNG

Network Architecture in Other Cities

Core
router

BNG GigE
BB

FE
Tier 1 LAN SDH RING
Switch
OC city OC city

RPR
Tier 2 LAN
To nearest A/B cities with BNG Switch

Ethernet on GE
GE
Dark fibre X-ge C X-ge D

X-ge A X-ge B

ADSL terminals ADSL

terminals

Figure 26: Broadband Multiplay Network in other Cities

4.11 Services on BB-Multiplay

4.11.1 TVOIP Television Voice over Internet Protocol

i.) TVOIP (also called as IPTV) delivers television programmes to households via
broadband connection using Internet protocols.
ii.) It requires a subscription and IPTV set-top box (STB).
iii.) IPTV is typically bundled with other services like Video on Demand (VOD), Voice
Over IP (VOIP) or digital Phone, and Web access.
iv.) IPTV viewers will have full control over functionality such as rewind, fast-forward,
pause, and so on.
v.) IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) is a system where a digital television service is
delivered by using Internet Protocol over a network.
vi.) For residential users, IPTV is provided with Video On Demand and may be bundled
with Internet services such as Web access and VoIP.
vii.) The video stream is broken up into IP packets and dumped into the core network,
which is a massive IP network that handles all sorts of other traffic (data, voice, etc

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viii.) The box will connect to the home DSL line and is responsible for reassembling the
packets into a video stream and then decoding the contents.

4.11.2 VOIP

i.) The technology used to transmit voice conversations over a data network using the
Internet Protocol.
ii.) A category of hardware and software that enables people to use the Internet as the
transmission medium for telephone calls.
iii.) VoIP works through sending voice information in digital form in packets,
iv.) VoIP also is referred to as Internet telephony, IP telephony, or Voice over the Internet
(VOI)
4.11.3 NMS

Based on the Five Layer Model of ITU.

NMS consist of following components:

F: Fault

C: Configuration

A: Accounting and Asset Management

P: Performance

S: Security

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