2

, b siness makes wax candles. She sells them to retailers at low prices. She gives retailers
1 Kara 5 u pay. Kara has to pay her suppliers
•
60
days to w hen raw matena
• Is are d eI'1vered • K ara used
crowd-funding to set up her business. The bank would not give Kara a loan as she did not have a
business plan. Last year revenue was $50 000. Demand is increasing but Kara is not yet able to
benefit from economies of scale. She said: •cash-flow is a problem. All cash inflows are used to
buy inventory.'

(a) Define 'crowd-fund ing'. l I

'.' r
, . l .t

.L1rLMld... ...iA.:··lJM.....a.:.lanni1.... ..·~····.....

.,(/nuunrL.. ~···~ ·-·•g mtlp.... a(.... ...itt.:.·I!mlJJL.....
. J»iJA ...~-- -·IdJmii.:..&t...(m.a )d.~ .......
lrlil)/it::...JJIJJ.lill::.. im....(XJ)l .. .... ......~ . '............................... [2]

(b) State two economies of scale.

Economy of sea Ie 1.. 3i.. lllYYlJ1AL ... ......................................................

·········································································••.•·······························································

Economy of scale 2.7it:lr.nJi :.aJ.... ..: .........................................................

.................. ......................................................................................................................... [21

(c) Outline two reasons why a bank might want Kara to produce a business plan before agreeing
to give a loan. . . •

Reason 1: . ~.... lJU91t.... Jmdft... Jwaa. ..-f.o. ... p.rw.dn.u ...Q .. .....
#IJ;1 ...JJWiut:J.... ... ...¼xff.... flhtii4 . . '.a(....f1lJIJL ....fo.~
l!m.1J1JJX-. ....cm.d.~...Sh. ...wdl ... ...Mll. ..f)M. ..f.o...b.~..£o..t1u....
~ -(/JIJJ.. .1rl!ddfft{J)/dd_, .ui&I,.. 1iw.W1bL ...CMl.nu!J . . ... ....
e. . . . . . . . . . . . . ~.lh flJK ....riu;Jt. ....(JJn!&... /faJIJl..-/JJ......
/fah...a. .. ..../Jtim . . J.elaJJtJ.... t......WJil... ... .• .th. .b.aoi
.. ~: ...... ahoflt...bm. .mx . W . . bw)uw1.L. SJJ.r.lt
(J);......wiJ/lun . _db,i[J ... MI .. ..J.(J!/l(ll1lO ... j)........ . .
 - '
3

(d) Explain tw o fa
ctors Kara should
consider when decid
ing whether to incre
Factor 1: ./rO.IJ!l.... ase prices.
JM u .u l. ..
.... . .... Ji u .... .Jw .d . ....
..... .. .. o4.............. .

~:::~:::;:::::&::~::~:::u-
. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . .
Explanation: kJMl.~ ..
.....Jt::.. . .. . . ... JlfJ ... lrl,
. 1-.rr_,:r.~ ...
f"MM-
f?l . . #

~.;::·~.w~r..·~~:.':L~:;~.i4•···JlOJ/JtJ.iJ~,,-&.
~ - - · ..... J.W
r-,JJ -' - A I. II N r1m -1 " · b-+,;.,.,. I \ d

it....CMl ...had....11....
.W.....IMUX
.. ... ... fr t: .. .

Factor 2: ..t:OJJA.
.....~ . , ....::........•...:·.:·...•....
... ... ..... h.u.r.....frtJ:.at, ...
....
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.........
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••••••••••••••••••••••••
Explanation: .. C!zJt... ae ... . . .
••••••••••••••••••••••••
j .....-/rJ... .. •••••••

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II0 //1 11 IA

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1
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... •
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1
·:.. flu, n/Jnl /'"" +.

;;·..
;A

(e ) D o you th in k [6]
delaying payments
to suppliers is the
its ca sh -fl ow ? Ju best way for a small
stify your answer. business to improv
.~ ···· .. . . ..io...
e

,., "' ,.,

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].. •• •
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. f . d. . . ht..#. ~ ·~ ·· ·· ·· ·· ·u 1 )) ·· S £ .@ ••.. ••
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-- - 4 [Turn over
 gold mine~. _., ·- allot ou, .::>'-~· .. - · •
compan y which operates r:nan6· ect r said: 'We value eds well-mo tivated
scK is a multinational
supplie rs is very
2
COntribute _to sustalnable.dev~lopment. The Managi~ght :~ad~rshiP style_- B'?K n~th
With 1oooo employees ,t Is importan t to have the rig f commun 1cat1on WI

employees.' The Managing Director also thinks that effec ,ve

important.

(a) Define 'multinational compan y'. . ' jBQm....

...JPJ .... !.([lllU. ... .
An.... .. . .................... .·········••••••••••••••• •

.ClllJ.. .r .............. .............. .....•.••••• •••••• ········•••••••••••

................................
•

. .

...... .......................................................·-· ............. .············•••••••••••••••••

_·
•

• • • • • • • • • [2]
.

····················••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
I

.
··•·••••••••••••••••••••••••••·••••··············•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

(b) State two ways of motivati ng employe es.

ay • •~·.,
.... . . ........................................................••••
I

W 1. .
' \ I •

. ............ .... • • • •. •
. ·······························•·:···················
e •. • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • • • •( • • • •. •. •. I
•

• • • • • • •. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •. •
I • • • •

' ~, -~·.#
. .. ..: ............ .
. fl(L . . . . . . . •••••
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[2]
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·············································································•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

(c) State four factors that might affect the leadership style used by a manager.

Factor .1 : r.Jci1iu:u., ...c,l.....~J.A-..........................................................................

..................................................................................................·.• ...................................... .
I,

Factor 2: 1,J.." .. . oA.... ....,............................................................................. ..

Q
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
•••••••••••••••••••••••• •• ••••••
I

•••••••• • • . ...................................................
• •
•

Fa~tor 3: .7inn,...... Jmi»d..,1la..... .... .................................:..........

A~
. . . . . . .

Factor 4: Jfa-.. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .' :. . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . .
. . . . .. i ! I J . . . . .

. . . ~:~:~:::~··············i························ ·······
................... ···
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......................................• ............................. . . • • •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

............... . [4]
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• •

~UCLES 2020
06_0450_11_2020_1.14
 (d) Explain two ways BCK could contribute to sustainable development.

Way 1: BCK.. ...{.()[n.... am1mb.aJi... :/o..... .. _ , . . . . ...bJr

...... ~. : .... . . MJJtfi .... millumuvm... . a&...~ ,....
Explanation: .]l .... frt. ..lttJA1J. ...o/OJllli. .. gafd...l!JU(JJb....JtW1Ji.... .. .
.. . .ot . . .5it...it..W4P....1llwll..:lfrit:.. .. .•.
.liAJ. ....JM....Jniu...µtJiJlirl....O'J/4... J.o:.. ...Wlll . bt.
o& ~ n c n i i m . ~....HiA!.. ~J UW .t.. lJn.... ...
Way 2: ______________ B:K____(.am_ ____~ .___f a _ . - ~ . . . .. . .
·- D.. _?f:a /J;;,._A";}•r. ..~-.
r. Aa ~m, u~.,, \
, 'l":"Y. -\.LA.IAI.J .l ·r ~-• ........•,,,.,., ..,........ ,..... ,,.,.,....... ,...,.. .
Jri1'r1l11
V . / ~ ,..

Explanati~n: 7l. b1C./AJJtt.._..JJidit,....

1/i.. LlfM[J...:pn,jl.r:tjllJJ.~ a.da...
·~·~ ··.'w ill.....)I/J)JJft..1111... OJfl/lelJJ.4b ... ... .. .....
..wiJJ. ...lWlun...J.obfJ!m. ...1nJJh,...umv.mJ:f ...l/1UJ1....... .
... 2.r.wJJ1L ..~&. IJ;id Ju1 v ..aM..Ji.. ..~. JM ..QJl td.~
Wd.l )Wllf k i;p.RJilliJL
(e) Do you think using communication methods based on information -rnitru.h,.
technology (IT) is the best
way for a large business to communicate with its suppliers? Justify your
answer.
• ., • kl>.1rnAl1, Ctr,rt l~n /\fl 4,1ft lh II
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'
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• ~[·..
J_ J
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l,W!l ' ~ ~ -~- -.--UJ_t ill. --_JlWJ J-~

J!·.wm.·~•
ILK,ilr-• ~ •
1

·: .. J1lqj ..../l.CIMJ. .. 0.... . .. .. . ... :••• ~ .

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,._ ll.1Wli. .. 1fJ:t. ·--~ .. ~-,..,
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[Turn over
- - -
06 0450 11 2020_1.14
 6
st 1Oyears and new
. klY ove r the pa tourists to
pric ed fligh ts_for Director
profitab le airline bus iness. It has grown qu,c I0 w eTh
NWA is a large and rs k fng 'mi x. The Financ
rove its brand image. NWA offe
3
aeroplanes have helped to imp
1 e
P:s ma r nee is bank loans.
s. Sales pro mo tion is an imp ortant part of NW trol .
50 countrie of ma 5 pans of con
level of debt as its main source
is worried that NWA has a high archy with na.rrow
many levels of hier
organisational chart of NWA has \ -
\
Table 3.1 -
2019 )
l NWA flight <
Cost and price data for a typica -
• $40 .
,
Price per customer -
$2000
Fixed costs . $24
Variable cost per customer ' 200
Maximum number of customers '1J
,
(a) Define 'brand image'.
OJ
b.J1ll('TQh. :...
····· ·•••• •••• •.. •
AIJ /I h .:_..J" 'r_ ,(\)T
:.} t ,.Lb 'a,
...
II rn, iu,n •-n r,r1Yl.~..,..11, ... I.A,,, .. -r}.CJ.WU..L
'-1
i ••• • ~
,,.lt ·~
_.-w',· -JJ 1
••• 1.\U ,-
'-:
, I • •• ."~

Irr.~ ~..1J A,,n ,rn• ••••• ••

lI.. ..•••
~..,.. ··~~'--' I

...................................
• •

• • • 9

. •
\ \
.
..1............... [2]
•
• • e
• • e • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • e • • e • • • • e •
e • e • • • e • • • • •. • •
.. I•• e • • • e • • • • • • • • • •

g.
NWA flight. Sh ow you r wo rkin
ak-even num ber of customers for a typical
bre C
:=.3:tilf:1~.M :............
(b) Cal cula te the

...t®-11.....Tuu.mbm .. ....UillJIIJlfilb....
v.c. ........
.: ..... : . ......
..... : . ......
....... . . . . . . . .~
: . .f;J
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.

e
/25
. . . . . . . . .:
........ : ....
.......... .............

\, -- 21ba -- 2M.D - ········· ......................... t:

.
I '
..
I
•
•
•••••
•••••
..... •
......
• u :..·..

•
• •
• • • • •
• • • • •
• • • • •
...
• • • • •··...
• •

r21
• • • • •
• • • • •
• • • • •
• •

..........
..................... .......Y.o. ::29....... .'...... :.../6.-... ......... -~-... •.•.... ~-............... :...:. ...
............. f
.. '
'
( i

having a"high level of debt.

\

(c) Outline two ~ossible problems for NWA of

..ot ...W . t.fum- .
Pro ble ~ 1: .7',..... NWA ....flJiµ: ... MJ.M9. ..o. ..: .~ : ...
-1-L . .
L -lt-. ' • rl,ftD1i nU-\ - - - ~ L t ...
t ·l"W \
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\ • \' 1•~ .. ·~- -~- Ul ll.L •. .•11'.:..~
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....U... -~ -~

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f _.. J.L..
....Ll:Jji.{' n1 ....!:"
\ •
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t
d
.ll ,.. -- A..
•
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•
•
• I

• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••··········
'~ M
.
.... U.J.fll.K .. ~ I L ; .......................................
. .... 4
. . .~ . . . . D.dt.'..·thlnl
.

Prob,~:,, 2: .] {.... NWA-.....w.iJ1 ..Jv»l!..:Q.Jt4 f

• ""! 1i. ...... .l,UJ.,;,Jf1~.J1.aw...:ta.. Jrr, - ~....~-- 1 ' LI(• ;

r.rok.... A!... . . . . . ..... .
ii
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,,_\I_
A; nl (vl.;n>..A.._
. ....WI.IJ.
'-~ --, '
WI MJ l ......1n. Jfll/Jb. '. ..... f" ....~ r . ~ ...

k. 10
... .... .. .... Qt ..$. 4.d ., .............. :::.:.:..... ::... :::.... :::........... r41
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06_0450_11_2020_1.14
© UCLES 2020
~- I

(d) Explain how two methods of sales promotion could increase sales for NWA.

Method 1: . NW&.......c.n.m. ...llhl ... ~r ,. ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • • • .. • • • • • • • • •

........................................................................................ ...................................................

Explanation: ~-__ ijW. A:-__ uriil_--lllit--_ -~ - --- --~--:Jn.,m -- C1Jm

""~ L
•·':WJ'.f-.....
Ji.iarJ... :.-L.I~... , .. ,. J.. • i •
..~ . ~ -....~ILJW. .... Y.\tlll.)UWJt. ..... .

•• •••••••••···
V, . .. ..... . . .. .. .. . ....a«....NA,
. . ....~
. . .. .'.... . ....... .
--~---~--:rrum_ _ ~:--ar.nd-_.hJJsw.n.g-___7D____ Jru1I..\ ___ .
Method 2: --~A: ___ (!J/IL_llb.t. ___pmu. ____ ~ _ , , , f f i.. : .. Spwoi....... _.
. ............................ I

Explan_ation: -~.. f.J»r. __ uill__ !w..,_, ·---~-----CUJ.rOAd _____ dt. __ ,_____ ,

:_~--~-:i::_~_:::J9.t_ _ vur·~ LP.llJJ

ti\... hn~(\. ..J... f1Ali\)lr\
••••• ••••• ••••••
To~•
•••• J.1.1.().\,k v.~
1.u1nn .ti.A ·/1,nU\·
:.lU
/aA.J

0 --~---k ___ ___fr}__

o.ar1 ---5b---_4--- IAJltQ.. --- ~·-- ~-.-·-. ----.---·-.. ·-. ·------.-.. -----... ------.-------.-- [6]

(e) Do you think that having many levels of hierarchy is the best type of organisational structure
for a large business? Justify your answer.

.-f:fi!J/t. ---~--rJ ..- . - - . .--- ~ --IY!J.()Jn1___iaJ!--J.llliJINL_0,.. -

_•-----d.,.airzt..o.&--·---·--- .. - . -----~
• • - , • I •

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doom 1lJ _ • ___@..;___~_hlili.d~.-~-~
mn~,;:- - ~~:.,,n. .l.. ~-,., .._ ,.J,_ ,i.nr,A,; --- ~D!!J-ro? ___ ,&kd,.____Cfl[l)__ _
•llH.fl•Uw-•
~• :•• ~
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•••AJ•••• ,C~•-~• ,, ---~-•--,
..... . .....UW .I .lll.J:L
•• • • J ~----
• -·
---~ - - ~ ; ;.+ ~,im · ~ ·....J12!J,1i....~-·-~·-···
bLJ,J.!.. ... ....\AP.!L... . . • •
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•• ·: •• •. ·~·. -~-----.
....... • •••• • 1

--~-:- • ;-· -- ' 1,n rn,,t-.i >.nth;~ 'mflt11ritJ?ry __•__@ ___ ~ _

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11

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,M... .Ul-1- _..I~ f.!a).U.J'.LJ.:AJp

b.t.--~
1km fa
---- - - ·-- ~ · - ~ - - ~_,(1_ ..~ -.. ~ - - - - ~ ..

__ fwd---·-·--- ---- :.. ·-

~:r.... -~'''' ········ ····: ~•••••-•••••
¥ffet. .M~--CM01
•• •••••. •• ,
[6]

Ql) 1. r_w.,.,..• .J(Y.t.UL

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VII
'

06_0450_11_2020_1.14 (Turn over

 s received govc;•, .... litY watcn~.:,.
th
BMT is a business partnership owned by 2 brothers. The bro er who make,high qua_ 2019 sMT
4 when they started BMT 6 years ago. BMT now has 30 employees d each year and in d sMT
The business tries to achieve lean production. Demand has increaseO ther parts are import~ •port
th
sold 8000 watches. BMT makes some parts for watches and all e deciding whether to ,m
had to consider a number of factors, including exchange rates, when
parts for watches. r;
I I I '
• · ss start-ups_.
(a) Identify two reasons yvhy a government might support busine •
D _.J, , ... ~- ..•••••••••
Reason 1: l ~Gl.. ',:'/"M LIA.11/WH n,-f-- ...........,.......... ••••••~· ••••••... •••••
.f. '•'-f''V.'f •If, Ul f ~ • • T • • • • • • • •
........,'·...... ,................ .
•

···•••••• '
······················.. ·················································•• ...................:•·····
,,_ ........... ...............
Rea son 2.• .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. ... . . . •• .... ••
...... <;;..(K'!:l l,fI1YJ1
.......... ............ . [2] I \

.......................
.:•
'
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(b) State two types of business organisation (other than partnership).

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(c) Outline two disadvantages of BMT being a business partnership. .

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(d) Explain tw o ways BM
T could achieve lean produ
ction.
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Do y~u thi nk the exchan
ge rate is the most import
dec1d1ng wh eth er to im ant factor for a business to
po rt parts for a high qualit consider when
y product? Justify your an
swer.
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