Lesson 12 - Polynomial Equations

Polynomial Expression
An expression in the form of

Where the non-negative integer n is called the degree of the polynomial in one
variable.
Where the non-negative integer n is called the degree of the polynomial in one
represent
variable.
polynomial terms

Coefficients of A1, A0,... An are real numbers or constant factor of each

term.

Exponents n, n-1, n-2, ..., 1, 0 are degree of each term.

The expression is written in standard form, if we write polynomial exponents

decrease from left to right.

Lesson 13 - Dividing Polynomials Using Long Division

Example #1

Lesson 14 - Dividing Polynomials Using Synthetic Division

Synthetic Division is a shorter procedure when a polynomial is to be

divided by a binomial in the form of (x - r). In this procedure, we write
only the coefficient
Lesson 15- Remainder Theorem
If the polynomial P(x) is divided by (x-r), the remainder R is constant and
is equal to P(r),
R = P(r)

Thus, there are two ways to find the remainder when P(X) is divided by
(x-r), that is!
(1.) use synthetic division, or
(2) Calculate P(r).

Similarly, there are two ways to find the value of P(r). in the polynomial
expression P(x), or
(1.) Substitute
(2) use synthetic division
Lesson 16 - Factor Theorem
P(r) = 0 >> x - r
x - r >> P(r) = 0
The polynomial P(x) has x - r as a factor if an only if P(r) = 0

Proof:
Given a polynomial P(x).
There are two parts of the proof of the factor Theorem, namely:
f (x-r) is a factor of P(X), then P(r) = 0.
If P(r) = 0, then (x-r) is a factor of P(x).

Lesson 17 - Factoring Special Products

Special products are called "special" because they do not need long
solutions in finding the factors. These special products can be recognized
through their patterns.
The diff. types of special products are perfect square trinomial difference
of two squares, and sum and difference of two cubes.

Different Patterns for Special products:

1) Perfect Square Trinomial

A2+ 2AB + B 2 = (A + B) 2Sum of Squares.
2 2 2
A - 2AB + B = (A - B) Difference of Squares

2) Difference of two squares.

2 2
A - B = (A + B) (A-B)

3) Sum and Difference of Two Cubes

3 3 2 2
A + B = (A+B) (A - AB + B ) Sum of two cubes
3 3 2 2
A - B = (A-B) (A + AB +B ) Difference of two Cubes