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MATURA
środki językowe
START
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Oto przykłady, które


pojawiły się w arkuszach
CKE 2015 -2023
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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
NEXT
When I was a lecturer at university,
I (use / speak / public)
________________________ at least
three times a week, but since I retired it
has happened only occasionally.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
NEXT

When I was a lecturer at university,


I used to speak in public at least three
times a week, but since I retired it has
happened only occasionally.

*used to speak in public/publicly/publically was/got used to speaking in public/publicly/publically


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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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I have to write down this limerick.


I won’t manage (learn / it / heart)
________________ in five minutes.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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I have to write down this limerick. I


won’t manage to learn it by heart
in five minutes.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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The manager’s sarcastic comments (prevent


/ I / express) _________________________
my opinion at the last meeting.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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The manager’s sarcastic comments


prevented me (from) expressing
my opinion at the last meeting.

* prevented my expressing, were prevented when I expressed


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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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If I knew how to ski, I (go / ski)


________________________________
with a group of friends last weekend.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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If I knew how to ski, I would have


gone skiing with a group of friends
last weekend.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
NEXT
He worked as a travel guide and so he visited
all the European countries in one year.
VISITED
If he hadn’t worked as a travel guide, he
______________________________________
all the European countries in one year.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
NEXT
He worked as a travel guide and so he visited
all the European countries in one year.
VISITED
If he hadn’t worked as a travel guide, he
wouldn’t have visited all the European
countries in one year.
*would/could/might/may not have visited would/could/might/may never have visited would/could/might/may have
never visited never would/could/might/may have visited
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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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The number of modern vehicles on our roads
has risen since last year.
RISE
There ___________________________________
the number of modern vehicles on our roads
since last year.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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The number of modern vehicles on our roads
has risen since last year.
RISE
There has been a rise in the number of
modern vehicles on our roads since last year.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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They asked him if he had seen anything
unusual, but he said he hadn’t.
DENIED
He _____________________________________
anything unusual when they asked him about it.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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They asked him if he had seen anything
unusual, but he said he hadn’t.
DENIED
He denied seeing/having seen anything
unusual when they asked him about it.
*denied (that) he had seen denied (that) he saw denied noticing/being a witness of denied having noticed

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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John didn’t enjoy the film as much as he had
expected.
LIVE
The film didn’t ___________________________
John’s expectations.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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John didn’t enjoy the film as much as
he had expected.
LIVE
The film didn’t live up to
John’s expectations.
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I can’t wait to see my boyfriend again.


LOOKING
I _________________________ my
boyfriend again.

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I can’t wait to see my boyfriend again.


LOOKING
I am looking forward to seeing my
boyfriend again.
*’m looking forward to seeing am looking forward to meeting

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Could you watch over my backpack while I’m
swimming in the lake?
EYE
Could you ________________________________
my backpack while I’m swimming in the lake?

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Could you watch over my backpack while I’m
swimming in the lake?
EYE
Could you keep an eye on my backpack while I’m
swimming in the lake?

* keep your eye on

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I regret not seeing the Great Wall of China on my
last business trip.
WISH
I ________________________________ the Great
Wall of China on my last business trip.

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I regret not seeing the Great Wall of China on my
last business trip.
WISH
I wish I had seen the Great Wall of China on my last
business trip.

*wish that I had seen wish I could have seen wish I had been to

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The actress didn’t want anybody to recognize her,
so she decided to wear a wig.
AVOID
The actress decided to wear a wig to
_________________________________________.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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The actress didn’t want anybody to recognize her,
so she decided to wear a wig.
AVOID
The actress decided to wear a wig to avoid being
recognized.

*void being recognized by anyone / anybody / others / someone / people avoid getting recognized avoid her being recognized avoid recognition avoid anyone / anybody / people / somebody
recognizing her avoid being recognizable avoid revealing herself to others avoid revealing her (true) identity avoid being recognized in public avoid having anyone recognize her Akceptowana jest
pisownia –ise

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The demolition company has
destroyed the bridge.
PULLED
The bridge ________________ by the
demolition company.
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The demolition company has
destroyed the bridge.
PULLED
The bridge has been pulled down
by the demolition company.
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She goes swimming every morning regardless
of the weather.
MATTER
She goes swimming every morning
________________________the weather is like.

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She goes swimming every morning
regardless of the weather.
MATTER
She goes swimming every morning no
matter what the weather is like.
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I’m sure the Browns considered their decision
to adopt the dog very carefully.
MUST
The Browns _________________________their
decision to adopt the dog very carefully.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
NEXT
I’m sure the Browns considered their
decision to adopt the dog very carefully.
MUST
The Browns must have considered
their decision to adopt the dog very carefully.

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Parting from his parents was not easy for my


nephew.
HARD
My nephew found _________________________
from his parents.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
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Parting from his parents was not easy
for my nephew.
HARD
My nephew found it hard to part
from his parents.
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During the last lesson, our chemistry


teacher explained how (avoid / spill)
___________________________ the
chemicals in the lab.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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During the last lesson, our
chemistry teacher explained
how to avoid spilling the
chemicals in the lab.
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Children should (encourage / take)
_____________________________
risks and make their own mistakes
while they are still young enough to
learn from them.
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Children should be encouraged to


take risks and make their own
mistakes while they are still
young enough to learn from them.
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I still don’t know which major to
choose. As soon as I (make /
mind) ______________________,
I will let you know.
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I still don’t know which major to
choose. As soon as I make up
my mind / have made up my
mind, I will let you know.
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I’m sure this gadget is Stephen’s idea.
He (must / invent)
___________________________ it last
year when he was unemployed for a
few months.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
NEXT
I’m sure this gadget is Stephen’s
idea. He must have invented it
last year when he was
unemployed for a few months.
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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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You (must / forget)
________________________________
to tell them how to get to our house.
Otherwise, they would have arrived
long before now.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
NEXT
You must have forgotten to tell
them how to get to our house.
Otherwise, they would have
arrived long before now.
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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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(Jack / request / have)
__________________________
a day off met with his
employer’s refusal.
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Jack’s request to have a


day off met with his
employer’s refusal.
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If the trekkers (decide / take)


______________________________
the shorter route, they would be in
trouble now. Fortunately they didn’t.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
NEXT
If the trekkers (decide / take)
had decided to take the shorter
route, they would be in trouble
now. Fortunately they didn’t.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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The ski jumping competition
(have to / cancel)
_________________________
yesterday due to strong wind.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
NEXT

The ski jumping competition


had to be cancelled yesterday
due to strong wind.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
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Your car is making strange noises. A mechanic
should check it.
HAVE
Your car is making strange noises. You should
__________________________ by a mechanic.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
NEXT
Your car is making strange noises. A
mechanic should check it.
HAVE
Your car is making strange noises. You
should have it checked by a mechanic.
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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
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When you are working on so many
assignments at the same time, you will probably
make mistakes.
LIKELY
When you are working on so many
assignments at the same time, mistakes
__________________ happen.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
NEXT
When you are working on so many
assignments at the same time, you will probably
make mistakes.
LIKELY
When you are working on so many
assignments at the same time, mistakes are
likely to happen.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
NEXT
My father never thought that
someone would reveal his secret.
CROSSED
It never _________________________
that his secret would be revealed.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
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My father never thought that
someone would reveal his secret.
CROSSED
It never crossed my father’s mind
that his secret would be revealed.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
NEXT
We couldn’t do anything to help John in that
situation. He insisted on sorting it out on his own.
NOTHING
There was _________________ to help John in
that situation. He insisted on sorting it out on his
own.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
NEXT
We couldn’t do anything to help John in that
situation. He insisted on sorting it out on his own.
NOTHING
There was nothing we could do to help John in
that situation. He insisted on sorting it out on his
own.

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Unfortunately, the accident
prevented (he / complete)
_________________________
the project on time.
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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
NEXT
Unfortunately, the accident
prevented him from
completing the project on
time.
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Would you mind (carry / big)
_________________________
parcel of the three? I’ll take
the two smaller ones.
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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
NEXT
Would you mind (carry / big)
carrying the biggest
parcel of the three? I’ll take
the two smaller ones.
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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
NEXT

Don’t worry too much (other


people / opinion)
_____________________________.
They are often formed too hastily.

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NEXT

Don’t worry too much about


other people’s opinions. They
are often formed too hastily.
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People who attended the meeting
(be / unable / download)
_______________________ the file
yesterday because of the poor
Internet connection.
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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
NEXT

People who attended the meeting


were unable to download the file
yesterday because of the poor
Internet connection.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE CZTERY WYRAZY
NEXT

People who attended the meeting


were unable to download the file
yesterday because of the poor
Internet connection.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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My brother always (find / hard / get)


_______________________________
his ideas across when he’s nervous.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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My brother always finds it


hard to get his ideas
across when he’s nervous.
* finds it harder/hardest to get / finds it hard getting
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Although yesterday’s meeting
(hold / late)
_______________________________
than planned, it still attracted a lot of
readers.
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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
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Although yesterday’s meeting
was held (much / a bit / a
little) later than planned, it still
attracted a lot of readers.
* was being held later / had been held later / was to be held later
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She (should / mention)
__________________________
the extra costs earlier. The
client was clearly disappointed.
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She should have mentioned
the extra costs earlier. The
client was clearly
disappointed.
* should’ve mentioned / should have made mention of / should have been mentioning
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If I (have / doubt)
_____________________________
about his honesty, I would tell you.
Believe me, he can be trusted.

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MOŻESZ WSTAWIĆ MAKSYMALNIE PIĘĆ WYRAZÓW
NEXT

If I had any doubt(s) about


his honesty, I would tell you.
Believe me, he can be trusted.
* had the slightest doubt / had doubts / had a doubt / did have any doubts / had had any doubt(s) / was having any doubts /
had some doubt(s) / had been in doubt / did have a doubt / were to have any doubts / had that doubt / had been doubtful /
happened to have a doubt / had been having doubts / had a single doubt
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