Gimnasio Británico

Juliana pardo
1101

Topic 9 Plant biology

1. B
2. D

3. (a) thick waxy cuticle; reduces transpiration;

(b) palisade mesophyll;

(c) succulent; water storage; in case of periods of drought

(d) low transpiration rates; less need for water transport;

(e) stomatal aperture can be narrower; enough CO, will still diffuse into the leaf, less loss of
water vapour through

(f) (i) the higher the salinity the lower the density of stomata;

(ii) salinity makes water uptake more diflicult; more need for water conservation at higher
salinities;

4. mitosis; cell division

B (i) auxin efflux pumps; in the plasma membrane of shoot apex cells; at one end of the cell;
reduce concentration in the cell (ii) causes more growth on one side of the stem than the
other; causes the stem to bend;response to brighter light on one side; shoot bends towards
that side; phototropism;

5. (a) 2.7/3 = 0.9 g hour 2.61/3 = 0.87 g hour;

(b) water passes through semi permeable membrane into bag on left: by osmosis; increasing
the pressure in the bag: pressure is then lower in the bag on the right; fluid moves trough the
tube from the left bag to the right bag.

(i), phloem (ii) high sucrose concentration causes osmosis in both: high pressure due to
osmosis in both: flow of fluid due to a pressure gradient in both; left side is ake the source in
phloem and noneside is like the sink

6. A) anther/stamen: Il stigma; IIl stule; IV petal; V ovary: VI ovule

b) animal pollinates the flower; transportes pollen between another and stigma; animal uses
pollen as food; and/or plant sucores nectar

c) Pollen not deposited on stigma (from another flower) no male gamete; no fertilization;

d) change in gene expression in the shoot apex; different genes for making leaves/stem and
flowers; some stimulus triggers this change: triggered by long nights in short-day plants; or
by short nights in long-day plants;

e) radicle/embryo root: plumule/embryo shoot; cotyled on.