1

Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Schools Division of Iloilo
BALASAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Balasan, Iloilo

SELF- LEARNING MODULE FOR

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

GENERAL PHYSICS 1
(V. MOTION OF FALLING OBJECTS)

Grade Level: 12
Specialized Subject for STEM
First Semester (Week 5)
Learning Competencies;
1. Solve for unknown quantities in equations involving one dimensional
uniformly accelerated motion , including free fall motion
2. Deduce the consequences of the independence of vertical and horizontal
components of projectile motion
3. Calculate range, time of flight, and maximum heights of projectiles
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HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Before you start answering this module, please set aside other tasks that will disturb
you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully enjoy the
objectives of this kit. Have fun!

1. Use this module with care. Read with understanding the contents of this module and
follow carefully all the instructions indicated in every page of this module.
2. Do not write anything on your module. Write on your notebook the concepts about the
lessons. Writing enhances learning, that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module (write your answer in your answer
sheet – one whole sheet of paper which your teacher facilitator will gather every week).
Ask the teacher if there are concepts which are confusing to you.
4. BE HONEST, answer the questions and activities by yourself, with the help of your
parent/guardian and your subject teacher, but PLEASE DON’T JUST COPY PASTE THE
WORK OF YOUR CLASSMATES – THIS IS FOR YOUR OWN GOOD. Analyze conceptually
the assessment and apply what you have learned.
5. Make your own summary and reflection about the lessons that you have learned in this
module.
PP Parts of the Module
I. INTRODUCTION - This section will give you a background and an overview of the
lesson.
II. LEARNING COMPETENCIES - these are the target objectives that you will be able to
know after completing the lessons in the module.
II.a. Materials – list the needed things if there are any.
III. KEYWORDS- these provide the definitions of important or foreign words which might
not be familiar to you.
IV. REVIEW - this section will measure what learnings and skills have you understand
from the previous lessons.
V. PRE-ACTIVITY- this is a short activity or questions which will also serve as a
springboard or motivation for the new topic to be discussed.
VI. CONTENT LECTURES (WITH EXERCISES) – these contain the important concepts
which you must learn, with examples and exercises, answer the questions and
exercises with this symbol (copy the title first of the topic/exercise and
answer these in your answer sheet - for you to practice and apply
if you have grasped the lesson.
VII. ASSESSMENT – this will test what you have learned in the lesson. ANSWER THIS
INDEPENDENTLY AND HONESTLY.
VIII. SUMMARY AND REFLECTION – you will be the one who will summarize the lesson.
This will help you to remember what you have learned in this module, write this
in your notebook which your subject teacher will check later.
IX. ENRICHMENT – this is additional task, notes or information that you can use.
X. REFERENCES – list the different books or websites used by your teacher in doing this
module
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V. MOTION OF FALLING OBJECTS

I. INTRODUCTION:

What goes up must come down. It is a common observation that when you toss a coin
up, it will come down after some time. What makes it come down? Which way is up? Which
way is down?
When we say, “something is falling down,” we mean, it is falling toward the ground.
Since the earth is round, therefore falling down means moving toward the center of the earth.
The mango falls down because it is pulled by the earth. The mango is moving toward the center
of the earth.

II. LEARNING COMPETENCIES

At the end of this module you must be able to:

1. Solve for unknown quantities in equations involving one dimensional

uniformly accelerated motion , including free fall motion
2. Deduce the consequences of the independence of vertical and horizontal
components of projectile motion
3. Calculate range, time of flight, and maximum heights of projectiles
Materials needed: scientific calculator.

III. KEYWORDS
Acceleration due to gravity – the acceleration of a falling body due to gravity, its
𝐦
magnitude is g = -9.80 𝐬𝟐.
Free-body diagram- a graphical illustration used to visualize the applied forces,
moments and resulting reactions on a body in a given condition
Inertia – the tendency of an object to persist in its state of rest or of uniform motion in
a straight line.
Projectile- is an object upon which the only force acting is gravity.
Range– the distance from the initial point on the ground to the final point it reaches is
the range of the trajectory.
Trajectory – the path of a projectile.

IV. REVIEW
Have you noticed how a basketball player makes a three-point
shot? How would you trace the path the ball goes? The ball is thrown with
an initial velocity and travels a curve path called trajectory.

V. PRE-ACTIVITY

GUESSING GAME – Complete the following sentence:

EVERYTHING THAT IS _A _ L _N _ IS AFFECTED BY _ _ A _ I_ _, EXCEPT FROM FALLING IN _ _ _ _.

Be ready to fall, but not to fail.

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If you drop a stone and a piece of paper at the same time and from the
same height, which will fall on the ground first? Explain your answer

VI. CONTENT
FREE FALL LECTURES with EXERCISES
FREE FALL
When an object is dropped, the object starts from rest and gains speed
as it falls. This gain in speed indicates that the object accelerates as it falls
because of gravity, g. Christian Huygens, who invented the pendulum clock in 1656, was the
first to measure g. He showed that g could be calculated from the swing of the pendulum using
only a ruler and a good timepiece.
In general, the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity decreases as you move
𝐦 𝐜𝐦 𝐦
farther from the center of the earth: -9.7804 (or 980 ) at the equator and -9.8321 𝐬 𝟐 at the
𝐬𝟐 𝐬𝟐
North and South poles (because of the bulging shape of the Earth). The International Bureau of
𝐦
Weights and Measures adopted -9.80665 , as the standard value of g, the negative sign
𝐬𝟐
𝐦
indicates the downward direction. Thus, for practical purposes, the value of g is -9.80 or
𝐬𝟐
𝐦 𝐦
approximately 10 (but for convention we will use the value of -9. 80 𝐬 𝟐 ).
𝐬𝟐

Galileo has proven that all objects, in the absence of air resistance, fall with the same
constant acceleration. This acceleration is called acceleration due to gravity (g). Its magnitude
𝐦
is g = -9.80 𝟐 . Its direction is downward (toward the center of Earth). In the British system, g is
𝐬
𝐟𝐭
approximately 32 𝐬𝟐 . Because it has magnitude and direction, acceleration due to gravity is a
vector quantity. The value of g varies slightly with altitude and elevation, but these variations
are so small that you can ignore them for most case.

Assuming there’s no air resistance, all problems involving motion of falling objects can
be solved by using the equations for accelerated motion.
The displacement of falling objects in a given period of time is computed by the
𝒈𝒕𝟐
equation: d y = vi y t + ( )
𝟐
Where dy = displacement or height of falling objects
viy = initial velocity (vertical)
t = time
g = acceleration due to gravity
The final velocity of falling objects can be calculated by the equations:
𝟐
𝒗𝒇𝒚 = 𝒗𝟐𝒊 𝐲 + 2𝒈𝒅𝒚
𝒗𝒇𝐲 = 𝒗𝒊 𝐲+ 𝒈𝒕 (*Note: the formula to be used depends on what is asked and
given in the problem).
Sample Problems for Free Fall:
1. The time a male bungee jumper is freely falling is 1.5 seconds.
a. What is the velocity of the jumper at the end of 1.5 seconds?
b. How far did he fall?
Given: t = 1.5 s viy = 0 m/s (since he started from the top)
𝒗𝒇𝒚= ?
Sol’n: a.) 𝒗𝒇𝒚 = 𝒗𝒊𝒚 + 𝒈𝒕
𝐦
= 0 m/s + (-9. 80 (1.5s)
𝐬𝟐
𝐦 𝐦
𝒗𝒇𝒚 = -14. 7 or 14. 7 downward
𝐬 𝐬
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𝒈𝒕𝟐
b.) d y = vi y t + ( )
𝟐
𝐦
−𝟗.𝟖𝟎 𝟐 (𝟏.𝟓 𝒔)𝟐
𝐬
= 0m/s + ( )
𝟐
𝐦
−𝟗.𝟖𝟎 𝟐 (𝟐.𝟐𝟓 𝒔𝟐)
𝐬
=
𝟐
−𝟐𝟐.𝟎𝟓 𝒎
=
𝟐
dy = -11.025 m = 11.03m down
2. A juggler tosses three balls alternately vertically upward. Each ball has an initial
𝐦
velocity of 5 . How high does each ball rise?
𝐬
Given: 𝒗𝒊𝒚 = 5 m/s 𝒗𝒇𝒚 = 0 m/s (since each ball falls on the juggler’s
dy = ? hand after tossing).
Sol’n: 𝒗𝟐𝒇𝒚 = 𝒗𝟐𝒊𝒚 + 2𝒈𝒅𝐲
0 m/s = 𝒗𝟐𝒊𝒚 + 2𝒈𝒅y
𝒗𝟐𝒊 𝐲 𝟐𝒈𝒅𝐲
= Cancellation of units
𝟐𝐠 𝟐𝒈
𝒗𝟐𝒊 𝐦𝟐 𝐦𝟐 𝐬 𝟐
dy = x =m
𝟐𝐠 𝐬𝟐 𝐬𝟐 𝐦
(𝟓𝐦/𝐬)² 𝐦
= 𝐦
𝟐(−𝟗.𝟖𝟎 𝟐) 𝐬𝟐
𝐬
𝟐𝟓𝒎𝟐 /𝒔𝟐
= 𝐦
−𝟏𝟗.𝟔 𝟐)
𝐬
dy = -1.28m or 1.28 m down

EXERCISES FOR FREE FALL Show your solution (write the given, unknown formula and
encircle your final answer with unit).

1. Vincent drops a stone from a bridge 25 m above the water. With what velocity
will it hit the water? (Note: 𝒗𝒊𝐲 = 𝟎 m/s, since it starts from rest.

2. A brick falls freely from a high scaffold and hits the ground after 3.5 seconds.
a.) How high is the scaffold?
b.)What is the velocity of the brick just before hitting the ground?

Lesson 5b: KINEMATICS IN TWO-DIMENSIONS

Defining Projectiles
A projectile is an object upon which the only force acting is gravity. There are a variety
of examples of projectiles:
 An object dropped from rest is a projectile (provided that the influence of air
resistance is negligible).
 An object that is thrown vertically upward is also a projectile (provided that the
influence of air resistance is negligible), and
 An object which is thrown upward at an angle to the horizontal is also a projectile
(provided that the influence of air resistance is negligible).
A projectile is any object that once projected or dropped continues in motion by its
own inertia and is influenced only by the downward force of gravity. Because of the
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object's inertia, no external horizontal force is needed to maintain the horizontal velocity of the
object.

By definition, a projectile has a single force that acts upon it - the force of gravity. If
there were any other force acting upon an object, then that object would not be a projectile.
Thus, the free-body diagram of a projectile would show a single force acting downwards and
labeled force of gravity (or simply
Fgrav). Regardless of whether a
projectile is moving downwards,
upwards, upwards and rightwards, or
downwards and leftwards, the free-
body diagram of the projectile is still as
depicted in the diagram above.

Gravity acts to influence the

vertical motion of the projectile, thus
causing a vertical acceleration. The
horizontal motion of the projectile is
the result of the tendency of any object
in motion to remain in motion at
constant velocity. Due to the absence
of horizontal forces, a projectile
remains in motion with a constant horizontal velocity. Horizontal forces are not required to
keep a projectile moving horizontally. The only force acting upon a projectile is gravity.

Case 1: Projectile Thrown Horizontally (Horizontal Projections)

The velocity of a projectile can be separated into horizontal and vertical components.
The vertical component 𝒗𝒚 varies while the horizontal component 𝒗𝒙 is constant. The actual
velocity v is represented by the resultant vectors that form the diagonal of the rectangle
formed by the vertical and horizontal components.
𝒗𝒙

v 𝒗𝟐 = 𝒗𝟐𝒙 + 𝒗𝟐𝒚

𝒗𝒚

The maximum height 𝒅𝒚 and the horizontal distance 𝒅𝒙 can be calculated using the
formula for a freely falling body and that for constant speed motion, respectively. Thus,
𝒈𝒕𝟐
𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝒅𝒚 =
𝟐
 7

𝐻𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒗𝒙 •t
Sample Problems:
𝒎
1.) A bullet is fired with a speed of 6.0 x 102 horizontally from a height of 48 m, how
𝒔
long will it take to hit the ground? What is the range of the projectile? Assume that there is no
air resistance.
𝒎
Given: 𝒗𝒙 = 6.0 x 102
𝒔
𝒅𝒚 = 48m
𝒈𝒕𝟐
a.) Find: t 2(𝒅𝒚 ) = 2 b.) 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒗𝒙 •t
𝟐
𝒎
𝟐𝒅𝒚 = 𝒈𝒕𝟐 = ( 6.0 x 102 ) 3.13 s
𝒔
𝟐𝒅𝒚 𝒈𝒕𝟐
= 𝒅𝒙 = 1,878 m
𝒈 𝒈
𝟐𝒅𝒚
𝒕𝟐 =
𝒈
= 2 (48m)
𝐦
-9.80 𝐬𝟐
𝟗𝟔𝒎
= 𝐦
−𝟗.𝟖𝟎 𝟐
𝐬
𝟐
𝒕 = -9.7959 𝐬 𝟐
√𝒕² =√−𝟗. 𝟕𝟗𝟓𝟗 𝐬𝟐
t = 3.13 s

Case 2: Projectile Thrown at an Upward Angle (Projections at Arbitrary Angles)

When a projectile is fired with an initial velocity 𝒗𝒊 at an angle θ above the horizontal,
the initial velocity can be resolved into its rectangular components. That is,

𝒗𝒊𝒙 = 𝒗𝒊 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽
𝒗𝒊𝒚 = 𝒗𝒊 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜽
Where 𝒗𝒊𝒙 = x-component (horizontal) of the initial velocity, and
𝒗𝒊𝒚 = y-component (vertical) of the initial velocity

Initial velocity of parabolic throwing

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Components of initial velocity of parabolic throwing

Projectiles always experience a constant vertical acceleration due to the pull of gravity
as they rise and fall. Hence, the vertical displacement 𝒅𝒚 and the vertical velocity 𝒗𝒚 can be
solved by using the formula for uniformly accelerated motion where:
𝒈𝒕𝟐
𝒅𝒚 = 𝒗𝒊𝒚t + ( )
𝟐

𝒗𝟐𝒇𝒚−𝒗𝟐𝒊𝒚
𝒅𝒚 = ( from the equation, vf2 = vi2 + 2gd)
𝟐𝒈
and, 𝒗𝒇𝒚 = 𝒗𝒊𝒚 + 𝒈𝒕

As the projectile rises, it decreases its vertical velocity and, at the peak of the trajectory,
it becomes zero. Thus, the time for a projectile to rise can be solved by the equation,
𝒗𝒇𝒚 = 𝒗𝒊𝒚 +𝒈𝒕
𝒗𝒇𝒚 = 0
𝟎 = 𝒗𝒊𝒚 + 𝒈𝒕
𝒗𝒊𝒚 𝒗𝒊 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜽
t= or t= (since 𝑣𝑖𝑦 = 𝑣𝑖 sin 𝜃 )
𝒈 𝒈
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𝒗𝒊𝒚 = 0

Maximum height of projectile

To find the total time of flight t’ that a projectile is in the air, simply double the time it
takes a projectile to rise.
t’ = 2t
𝟐𝒗𝒊𝒚
t’ = (*Note; the formula to be used depends on what is given in the
𝒈
𝟐𝒗𝒊 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜽
t’ = problem)
𝒈
The maximum height 𝒅𝒚 can be calculated by considering the downward motion of a
projectile, wherein 𝒗𝒊𝒚 = 0 (from the peak).
(𝒗𝒊 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽)𝟐
𝒅𝒚 =
𝟐𝒈

The maximum distance or Range of the projectile

The horizontal displacement known as the range R of the projectile is the product of the
horizontal velocity and the total time of flight.
𝒗𝟐𝒊 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟐𝜽
R=
𝒈
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The image above shows the application of projectile motion, especially in the field of
sports like football, basketball, golf, volleyball, archery and a lot more.
(even in targeting the green pigs) .

How about if you want to be a police, how will you aim at the target? If the
gun is fired directly at the target, the bullet will land at a lower point, why?

When the gun is fired, the gunpowder explodes, and the force of the
expanding gases pushes the bullet until it reaches the muzzle of the gun, on
reaching the muzzle, the gases escape and no longer push the bullet. At this point
the bullet has acquired a very high horizontal velocity ( vx) which remains constant in an ideal
situation (no air friction).
Upon leaving the gun, the bullet becomes a free body and falls toward the earth as it
moves forward. To compensate for the fall of the bullet, the gun should be aimed a little higher
than the target point. Thus gives the bullet a small initial upward velocity. This initial upward
velocity decreases as
the bullet
approaches the
highest point on its
path. At this point
the vertical velocity
becomes zero and
the bullet starts to
fall downward
increasing its
downward velocity.
 11

Sample Problem:
𝒎
1. A ball is thrown with an initial velocity of 4.47 𝒔 at an angle of 660 above the
horizontal.
a. How long did it take the ball to land?
b. How high did the ball fly?
c. What is the range of the ball?
Given: θ = 660
𝒎
vi = 4.47
𝒔
a.) t’ = ?
𝟐𝒗𝒊 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜽
Sol’n: t’ =
𝒈
𝒎
𝟐 (𝟒.𝟒𝟕 ) 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟔𝟔
𝒔 𝟏
= 𝐦
𝟗.𝟖𝟎 𝟐
𝐬
𝒎
( 𝟖.𝟗𝟒 ) 𝟎.𝟗𝟏𝟑𝟓𝟓
𝒔 𝟏
= 𝐦
𝟗.𝟖𝟎 𝟐
𝐬
𝟖.𝟏𝟔𝟕𝟏 𝒎/𝒔
=
𝟗.𝟖 𝒎/𝒔²
t’ = 0.83 s
(𝒗𝒊 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽)𝟐
B.) Find: dy 𝒅𝒚 =
𝟐𝒈
𝒎
((𝟒.𝟒𝟕 𝒔 )(𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟔𝟔 ))𝟐
= 𝒎
𝟐(−𝟗.𝟖𝒔²)
𝒎
((𝟒.𝟒𝟕 )(𝟎.𝟗𝟏𝟑𝟓 )𝟐
𝒔
= 𝒎
−𝟏𝟗.𝟔
𝒔²
𝒎 𝟐
(𝟒.𝟎𝟖𝟑𝟑 𝒔 )
= 𝒎
−𝟏𝟗.𝟔𝒔²
𝟏
𝒎²
𝟏𝟔.𝟔𝟕𝟑𝟑 𝒔²
= 𝒎
−𝟏𝟗.𝟔
𝒔²
𝒅𝒚 = -0.85m or 0.85 m down

𝒗𝟐𝒊 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟐𝜽
c. ) Sol’n: R =
𝒈
(𝟒.𝟒𝟕𝒎/𝒔)𝟐𝟏 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟐(𝟔𝟔)
=
−𝟗.𝟖 𝒎/𝒔²
𝟏𝟗.𝟗𝟖𝟎𝟗 𝒎𝟐𝟏/𝒔𝟐𝟏 𝒔𝒊𝒏 (𝟏𝟑𝟐)
=
−𝟗.𝟖 𝒎/𝒔²
𝟏𝟗.𝟗𝟖𝟎𝟗𝒎𝟐𝟏 /𝒔𝟐𝟏 (𝟎.𝟕𝟒𝟑𝟏)
=
−𝟗.𝟖 𝒎/𝒔²
𝟏𝟒.𝟖𝟒𝟕𝟖𝒎𝟐𝟏/𝒔𝟐𝟏
=
−𝟗.𝟖 𝒎/𝒔²
R = -1.52 m or 1.52
 12

𝒎
2. A long jumper leaves the ground at an angle of 300to the horizontal and at a speed of 6 .
𝒔
How far does he jump?
Given: θ = 300
𝒎
vi = 6
𝒔
R=?
𝒗𝟐𝒊 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟐𝜽
Sol’n: R =
𝒈
(𝟔𝒎/𝒔)𝟐𝟏 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟐(𝟑𝟎)
=
−𝟗.𝟖 𝒎/𝒔²
𝟑𝟔𝒎𝟐𝟏/𝒔𝟐𝟏 𝒔𝒊𝒏 (𝟔𝟎)
=
−𝟗.𝟖 𝒎/𝒔²
𝟑𝟔𝒎𝟐𝟏/𝒔𝟐𝟏 (𝟎.𝟖𝟔𝟔)
=
−𝟗.𝟖 𝒎/𝒔²
𝟑𝟏.𝟏𝟕𝟕𝟎𝒎𝟐𝟏/𝒔𝟐𝟏
=
−𝟗.𝟖 𝒎/𝒔²
R = -3.18 m or 3.18 down

EXERCISES IN PROJECTILE MOTIONS Show your solution (write the given, unknown formula
and encircle your final answer with unit).
Case 1.
1. A little girl throws her jackstone ball horizontally out of the window with a velocity of
𝒎
30 . If the window is 3 m above the level ground, how far will the ball travel before it hits the
𝒔
ground? (Note; find t first).

2. A woman holds a hose 0.8 m above the ground such that the water shoots
horizontally. The water hits the ground at a point 2 m away. What is the speed with which the
water leaves the hose?
Case 2:
3. What must the initial velocity of a bullet fired at an angle of 450 above the
horizontal be if its target is 3.0 x 103 m away? (Use the formula for Range).

VII. ASSESSMENT

I. TSAKTO O SALA. Read and analyze the following statements, write TSAKTO if the statement
is correct and SALA if wrong.
1.) Everything that falls has an acceleration of -9.8 m/s2.
2. Due to the presence of horizontal forces, a projectile remains in motion with a
constant horizontal velocity.
3. If you drop a coin and paper in a vacuum at the same height and time, the coin will fall
first.
4. The vertical component 𝑣𝑦 varies while the horizontal component 𝑣𝑥 is constant.
5. In long range archery, you must align the arrow directly towards the bull’s eye to hit
it.
6. If you drop a stone at the North Pole and in Balasan, Iloilo at the same height and
time, the stone will fall first at the north pole.
7. A leaf falling from the tree during a windy day, is considered to be an object in a free
fall.
 13

II. Problem Solving, show your solution (write the given, unknown formula and encircle your
final answer with unit).
𝐦
1. A ball is thrown from a cliff with a speed of 25 , and landed on the ground after 1.3s.
𝐬
How high is the cliff?
𝒎
2. A player kicks a football from a ground level with a velocity of magnitude 27 at an
𝒔
angle of 400 above the horizontal. Find the distance the ball travels before it hits the
ground. (R=?)

3. A body is dropped from rest and falls freely. Determine the height of the body after 2.0
seconds have elapsed.

IX. SUMMARY/ GENERALIZATION

Enumerate all the formulas discussed in this module and write this in your notebook.

X. ENRICHMENT
Did you know that. . .

Galileo disproved Aristotle’s idea of free fall, according to him, the coin and paper will fall at the
same time, the problem is he has no vacuum to prove this. But Galileo wanted to prove that the rate of
fall or acceleration of an object is independent of its mass. To test his hypothesis, he simultaneously
dropped a cannonball and another ball w/ different masses from the Leaning Tower of Pisa, and he
discovered that both balls had the same acceleration.

Galileo also conducted an experiment on the acceleration of a ball on an

inclined plane, results showed that a moving object gained velocity or increased
its acceleration as the steepness of the inclined plane was increased.

Galileo’s idea about the acceleration

of falling bodies was verified on the moon in
1971 when an astronaut, commander David Scott, dropped a
hammer and a feather from the same height at the same time on
the surface of the moon, both objects reached the ground at the
same time!!!

XI. REFERENCES

Arevalo, R. L. (2017), DIWA Senior High School Series: General Physics 1.

University Press of First Asia.
Padua, A. L. & Crisostomo, R. M. (2005). Practical and Explorational Physics.
Vibal Publishing House, Inc.
Pancer, R. O. (2014). Competency-Based Learning Plans in Physics(Vol. 1).
Santos, G.N. C. & Danac, A.C. (2006). i – Physics. Rex Book Store, Inc.
Sotto, R. L. (2005). Physics. SIBS Publishing House, Inc.
www.physicsclassroom.com › Physics Tutorial › 1-D Kinematics

Prepared by:
 14

MYLA B. BALBERONA Checked by:

Subject Teacher
MR. RAUL O. PANCER
HT-II, Science Department