GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC GONDIA

• Capstone project Topic:- Solar power inverter

Name of student Enrollment no.
1) Shital R. Patle 2112420191
2) Sakshi K. Bhajipale 2112420206
3) Swati G. Bopche 2112420211
4) Divya N. Harinkhede 2112420220

Guided By :-
Mr. A.M. Arekar
SOLAR POWER INVERTER

12v to 230v Solar Invertor using solar

panels and high current batteries .
 CONTENTS

I. Introduction to Solar Technology

II. Block diagram of solar power inverter

III. Details of all major components

IV. Circuit diagram

V. Cost

VI. Applications

VII. Reference
 Block Diagram of solar power inverter

Solar panel Inverter Transformer

Load

Solar battery DC
charger Battery
Solar panel

A solar panel is a device that convert sunlight into

electricity by using photovoltaic cells.

Pv cells are made of material that generate electrons

when exposed to light.

The electron flow throught a circuit and produced

direct current electricity which can be used to power
various devices or be stored in batteries.
SOLAR TECHNOLOGY: PV
COMPONENTS
Cell

Panel / Module PV Array

 Types of solar Panel:-
Here are hundreds of companies manufacturing solar panels today.
Most of the solar panel options currently available fit in one of
three categories: monocrystalline, polycrystalline (also known as
multi-crystalline), or thin-film. These solar panels vary in how
they’re made, appearance, performance, costs, and the installations
each are best suited for.
WHAT IS PHOTOVOLTAICS (PV)?

Photovoltaics means turning daylight

directly into dc electricity

Done by photovoltaic cells (PV cells),

assembled into PV modules

• There are no moving parts

• There is no 'fuel', apart from daylight
Photovoltaic is the • The modules need no maintenance
most elegant way of • In principle, almost indefinite lifetime
producing electricity
PV works with both direct sunlight and
indirect daylight (more light = more power)
Circuit diagram for Solar battery
charger:-
Circuit components :-
•Solar panel – 12V. • Connecting wires
•LM317 voltage regulator • Resistors -220,680 ohm
•DC battery • Capacitor -0.1 microfarad
•Diode – 1n4007

Working of solar battery charger

• The solar panel absorb sunlight and convert it into DC
power.
• The voltage regulator regulates the incoming Solar power
to charge the battery at the desired voltage and current
levels.
• A control circuit monitors the batteries state and prevent
over charging or deep discharging, insuring a longer life
 Battery
1)An electrical battery is a combination of one or more
eletrochemical cells .Used to convert store chemical energy to
electrical energy .

2)The battery has become a common power source for many

household.

3)robotics and industrial applications.

4)Larger batteries provide standby power for telephone exchanges or

computer data centers.
 solar inverter
A solar inverter is one of the most important elements of the solar
electric power system. It converts the variable direct current (DC)
output of a photovoltaic (PV) solar panel into alternating 240V
current (AC). This AC electricity then can be fed into your home to
operate your appliances.

The electricity that is not used in your home is then either fed into
the grid (electrical power lines) or into home battery storage. New
hybrid inverters include an integrated battery management
system.

Long lasting solar power systems require a high quality inverter

with a robust convection cooling system. Low quality inverters
have unfortunately failed in the Australian climate.
Working of a Home UPS/Inverter

When the power is off, the inverter takes the DC power

from the batteries and converts it into AC used by
appliances. There is an automated switch in the system
that senses if the grid is not supplying power and
switches the UPS into battery mode.
Circuit diagram for solar inverter :-
Circuit components:-
o IC 4047
o 2-N channel MOSFET
o 14 Pin base
o 10k Variable resister
o 0.1 Microfarad non polar capacitor
o 2-220 ohm resister
o 12 V Step up Transformer
o Jumper wire
o 2- Heat sink
 Transformer
Specification of step up voltage transformer

1. voltage: Low voltage and high output voltage.

2. Winding: Secondary winding has the high voltage winding .
3. Current : Low current on the secondary winding .
4. Rating of output voltage : 11000 volt or above

A transformer that increases the voltage from primary to

secondary ( More secondary winding turns than primary
winding turns) is called step up transformer .
 Working of Solar Panel and inverter
• Expose the cell to light, and the energy from each photon (light
particle) hitting the silicon, will liberate an electron and a
corresponding hole.

• If this happens within range of the electric field’s influence, the

electrons will be sent to the N side and the holes to the P one,
resulting in yet further disruption of electrical neutrality.

• This flow of electrons is a current; the electrical field in the cell

causes a voltage and the product of these two is power.

• The solar energy is stored in the battery from Photo-Voltaic cells.

• This stored energy of the battery is converted to ac supply of
50Hz frequency using PWM inverter IC with MOSFET get driver IC
of the driver MOSFET bridge and step up the voltage by a
transformer .
Application of solar panels
1)Inverter are used to convert dc power into ac power source

2)Marine vehicles

3)Renewable energy generation system

4)Stationary battery bank

5)Home appliances ,etc.

Components Name. Price
1) Solar Panel - 850 Rs
2) Solar battery charger. 900 Rs
3) Battery. 400 Rs
4) Inverter. 600 Rs
5) Transformer. 200 Rs

Total project cost:- 4200 Rs

Reference

❖ https://www.allaboutcircuits.com
❖ https://www.researchgate.net
❖ https://www.mrsolar.com