Qt as B) 60 Q3 A) B) @) Q4 A) B) ° Qs A) B) °) gCHNOLO. DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR rect i GICAL UNIVERSITY, LONERE Supplementary summer **Amination — 2923 B. Tech Branch: ivil Pu8incering . Tech. Je: BTCV.C305 surveyi48 2 Date: 21/08/2023 Duration: 3 Hr. Semester: IIT Cours Subject Code & Nan Max Marks: 60 Instructions to the Student 1. all the questions are compulsory. Fae ase vetionrexpected asset & Per OBE or the Course Outcome (CO) on which the question is based is mentioned in () in front of the question. 3. Use of nonprogrammable scientific calculators is allowed. L. Assume suitable data wherever necessary and mention it clearly. (Level/CO) Solve Any Two of the following. WH Explain ranging and chaining in detail 3 col Ilustrate methods of setting out perpendicular. — V\\" yr col Discuss principles of surveying in detail col Solve Any Two of the following. Explain various bearing systems. col Discuss surveyors compass with neat diagram. ° 7" col Explain intersection method of Plane table s ig. co2 Solve Any Two of the following. The following readings were taken with level 3.865, 3.345, co3 0.855, 3.795, 2.640, 1.540. The level was shifted after the S" reading. The first reading was taken on BM of 150.259, Calculate the reduced levels and apply usual checks. Explain contouring in detail. co3 Ilustrate different types of levelling. co3 Solve Any Two of the following, Explain theodolite with neat diagrams, - |. 03 Illustrate applications of theodolite in surveying, C03 Explain temporary and permanent adjustments of theodolite. s7 co3 Solve Any Two of the following. Explain various types of field surveys. co3 Illustrate curve ranging. > . co3 Discuss correlation of underground and surface surveys. € 44 03 Marks 2 6 6 2 6 6 2 6 6 2In Knear measurement, if the line is short or the end station is clearly visible, it is easy to put the chain or tape in true argument. However, when survey line is longer than a chain length or tape length, it is necessary to align intermediate points on survey line. ‘The process of locating intermediate points on survey line is known as ranging’, Ranging can be done by eye or instrumentally by using a line ranger of a theodolite. These are two methads of ranging such as, L_ Ditect ranging 2. Indirect ranging 1 Direct Ranging © Itis done when two ends of survey lines are inter-visible. * In such cases, ranging can be either done by eye & ‘through optical instrument such as a line ranges oF 4 theodolite, (Ranging by Eye a rs b> i an | Sighay teas chan oF tape fongth i (a) Plan view F 4 (2) Sectional view Fig. 122: Direct ranging by eye ig yeeCeara ee eee eee eS ee person at D, to move to Dz by person at C2. The process continues till ACOE are ina line, The process of measuring the distance between two points with chain or tape or any distance. measuring instrument is called as chaining, The distance of an object point from the reference point is called ag its chainage, even though. it is measured with any kind of linear measure,-To carry out chining usually two persons are required, These person are called as chainmen, \ The chainman standing towards end terminal station of the line who keeps on pulling the chain forward is called as Jeader. The chainman standing towards start terminal station of the line to align the leader and to keep the record of measurement is called as follower, Usually the assistant to surveyor acts like a leader and the surveyor acts like a follower because follower chainman has to range out the leader chainman as well as has to keep the record of distance measured. ga PLRw' oe 8k Phloem.circumference of the wheel and the number of rotations of the wheel as in automobiles. . - The most popular method of locating details in tape surveying or surveying with linear measures is setting out perpendicular from a detail to be located to the survey line running closed to it. The process of doing so is popularly known as offsetting: Offset or offset distance is the distance through which the detail to be located is set off from the chain line. SoA MUN cA hia i ee ee oe NLy 4 surveyor's compat {oy cenually proted in 2 non-magnetic Metal Box help of hardened steel pivct (2) and agate cap (4). «eThe aluminum ang (5) graduated Up to M4 is not attached tg com N and $ are wiitten agai against 90" over the quadrants as shown in Fig, 2. The E and W directions are reversed on the compass ning the compass fing moves along with compass bo, Diametricaly opposite are fixed to the box, the eye vane (1) swith narrow vertical eye sit and object vane (8) with howe bie (9). Glass cover Eye vane wih oye tle 1 2 3 4“ 8: & te 8 2 * oy Fig. 2.6: Cron nections vew of nurvayor compass + The line passing through horse hair (9) end eye sit in ey vane (isa line of sight. The eye vane (7) and object vane (8) Bom the point of the pis nting especially during storage/transport. 1 Rebintngeseciny ding toragenvanspor.ign rero staff ding least fig. 4.14: Levelling staff [esaves oF EEG EST ea Levelling has been classified into different types, depending or the purpose for which itis carried out. The different types are a lows : 45.1 Simple Lev imple leveling is possible ot difference of elevation between tig stations is worked out by method of simple leveling. preferat when the following three conditions are fulfilled, 1. When both the stations whose rence of elevation ist: be worked out are visible from the instrument station, It is possible to keep the instrument nearly at same distinct from the instrument station. Distance of the stations from instrument station is pr rot greater than range of the telescope. (Range of survey telescope is usually around 100 to 120m) afd when difference of elevation between those two stations is not tor mere. Fig. 4.15 Simple levelling Let. we want to determine the diference of elevation betwee” plinth levels of main building and new building of CWT. Set? the level midway between those two stations. Perform at % Temporary adjustments and with bubble centered tke feading [Back Sight (85)} on plinth of main building and another staff reading [Fore Sight (F5)} on plinth of new build" ‘Then difference of elevation between those two plinths i¢: given by relation.i (5.1) Taking observations for the measurement of areas and volumes. Levelling Head ; Consists of a lower tribrach, three foot screws and an upper tribrach. It is used for fine leveling. Shifting Head and Nut = It is a part used for fine centering within a circular range of S mm radius. Plate Bubble : It is a spirit bubble fixed on the housing of the horizontal circle. To make its axis horizontal, it must be centered, Index Frame or a Frame: These are the rigid vertical frames having shape like letter A and are casted on the housing of the horizontal circle to hold the telescope and the vertical circle, ee a eeeTHLODOUTE SURVE Ynys rons of teveliog of thedoee sy TJ IMPORTANT TERMS IN THEODOLITE ‘intestine sacoa ‘SURVEYING te “ranting It te eperavon of eclvg the tles ‘verveal ple by 260 about the hezontal or rnior an acjstment se of ateel bts ring of 8 theoda Neh ree not tbe fetta ease oy Me Mesto became [i.6 TEMPORARY ADJUS ISTMENTS OF A,ee es EL canals etc) or a service line (eg: water lines, drain revi ee nlacripie tetas 4 ve etc) through rentkedy points of e sections ¥ aa market : Rae