Southern Technical University

Technical Engineering College / Basra

Department of Electrical Engineering
Technologies
STAGE (3) / DIVISION (B)

) report about GAUSS'S LAW)

‫ كرار يوسف عودة‬: ‫إعداد‬

Research Components
1- Introduction
2- Terms of Use of Gauss's Law
3- Gauss's scientific and technical
applications
4- Mathematical problems about Gauss's
 I Gauss's law, also
known as the law of
electrical distribution
of charges, describes
the relationship between
electric charge and the
in space and its effect on the
electric field. The law
mathematically expresses the
relationship between the
electric flow through a closed
surface and the charge
electric field generated from trapped within that surface.
it. This law is also called the
It is widely used in physics,
first law of electrostatics.
electrical and electronic
Formulated by the German
engineering to analyze and
physicist Carl Friedrich
understand different
Gauss in 1835 but not
electrical fields and design
published until 1867, it is one
electrical circuits. It is also
of Maxwell's four equations
used in the interpretation of
that form the basis of classical
various electrical phenomena
electrodynamics.
such as electrostatic effect,
Gauss's law describes how electrical discharge and many
electric charge is distributed other applications.

:
A specific electric charge
must exist in the space where
Gauss's law is applied. In
other words, there must be an
electric charge distributed in
the area to be analyzed.
The electric field must be
integral across the surface in
which Gauss's law is applied.
This means that the electric
field must be continuous and
not change significantly
across the surface.

2

: Gauss's law assumes
that the medium in which the
electric field propagates is the
vacuum or medium with
constant conductivity,
expressed by the vacuum
constant.
: The
surface on which Gauss's law
is applied must be closed and
regular enough. For example,
the surface must be spherical,
flat, or any other shape
through which the electrical
flow is easy to calculate

transmission and distribution

systems for electrical energy.

Gauss's law is used to analyze

the distribution of electric
charges and electric fields
Gauss's law is used to
within different electrical
understand the distribution of
circuits, helping in the design
magnetic induction and
and optimization of circuit
magnetic charges within
performance.
different magnetic materials
and devices, which helps in
the design and improvement
of magnetic devices such as
motors and generators.
Gauss's law is used to analyze
electric fields in electrical
power and distribution
systems, which helps in the
understanding and design of

3

Gauss's law is used to
understand magnetic
influences in control and
identification systems, which
helps in the design of
automatic control systems and
magnetic identification.
Gauss's law is used to
understand and analyze
magnetic fields generated in
magnetic resonance imaging
systems, and is one of the
most important medical
applications of magnetism.

Example (1): by using gauss's Law, find an expression for ̅

outside a spherical surface of charge density [ ] and radius
[ ]

Solution //

4
 Example (2): let
̅ ( )̅ ( )̅ ( )̅ [ ]

(a)Find the total charge enclosed in a cube having a volume of

[ ] located at( ).
(b)How much flux leaves this volume?

Solution //
(a)

( )

( ) [ ]

[ ]

( ) [ ]

(b)
[ ]

, Gauss's law explain because of its overlap

is one of the important laws in the study of
that we need to study and electromagnetic phenomena.