Cultural variation,

cultural relativism
and ethnocentrism
 Objectives
At the end of this lesson, 85% of the students should be able to:
1. Define cultural variation, cultural relativism, ethnocentrism;
2. Explain the importance of understanding cultural relativism in
attaining cultural understanding
; and
3. Advocate inclusivity, proposing anti-racism and anti-
discrimination strategies, guided by cultural relativism and
ethnocentrism principles through case analysis
CULTURAL VARIATION
rich diversity in social patterns
that different human group
exhibit around the world.
CULTURAL UNIVERSALS
are patterns or traits that are
globally common to all societies.
Variation between
Cultures
1. Subculture
2. Counter culture
3. High culture
4. Popular culture
 SUBCULTURE
a cultural group within a larger
culture, often having beliefs or
interests at variance with those
of the larger culture
COUNTER CULTURE
a culture practice by a group that
actively rejects the dominant
cultural values and norms of
mainstream society
 HIGH CULTURE
a culture practiced and
patronized by the upper classes
of the society
 POPULAR CULTURE
a culture practiced or patronized
by the middle and working classes
of the society
 CULTURE SHOCK

the feeling of disoriented,

uncertain, out of place or even
fearful when immersed in an
unfamiliar culture.
 Share to inform!

I want you to take a moment and think about a

cultural practice that might seem unusual or
different to you. It could be something from
your own culture or another culture. We'll share
these insights shortly.
ETHNOCENTRISM
the regard that one’s own culture
and society is the center of
everything and seen as the most
efficient and superior among the
cultures in the world.
CULTURAL RELATIVISM
the practice by assessing a culture
by its own standards rather that
viewing it through the lens of one’s
own culture
Enrichment

I will present statements and you have to

identify whether the statements shows
cultural relativism or ethnocentrism and
justify it.
From local memes to global laughs
– internet culture knows no
borders
Korean culture is way better than
Filipino culture because many
Filipinos imitate and adopt this
culture.
Our local street food hits
differently, but that doesn't mean
we can't appreciate sushi or tacos.
Every culture brings a unique
flavor to the global table.
Our local street food hits
differently, but that doesn't mean
we can't appreciate sushi or tacos.
Every culture brings a unique
flavor to the global table.
Filipino traditions like the
celebration of fiestas should be
banned because it is just a waste of
time, energy and resources.
Group Discussion
1. Divide the class into two teams.
2. Assign one team to support the importance of cultural
relativism, and the other team to challenge its significance.
3. Conduct discussion with your groupmates and after 7
minutes, present your stance, arguments or ributtals.
Teams take turns presenting their perspectives on prompts
related to cultural relativism.
4. Allocate a brief moment after each round for individual
team members to reflect on key insights about what they
have learn from the opposing team
5. Random members from team shares their learning
Case Analysis
Analyze the given situation and write your answer in ½
crosswise

One of the lasting issues that multicultural countries face is

racism and discrimination. Even in the most developed
countries like United States, this issue. Haunts them

If you are the president of that country, how will you

address the issue of racism and discrimination to break
cultural barriers?
 Rubrics:
15 pts -
Had given 4 solutions to address the issue of racism
and discrimination

10pts -
Had given 2 solutions to address the issue of racism
and discrimination

5pts-
Had answered but irrelevant
THANK
YOU!!!