EEE 2214 ELECTRICAL MACHINES I WI-2-60-1-6

ATAY

1CHOOY FOA ofYEKPMENT

JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY

OF
AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

University Examinations - 2019 /2020

SECOND YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF SCIENCEIN ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING/
ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTER ENGINEEERING

EEE 2214: ELECTRICAL MACHINES I

DATE: NOVEMBER 2020 TIME: 2Hours

INSTRUCTIONS: This paper consists of Five Questions

Question ONE isCompulsory. Answer Question one and any other two questions.

QUESTION ONE: Compulsory(30Marks].

a) What is the necessity ofa starter in adc motor? [2Marks]
b) What are some of the problem/troubles that may arise during the operations of DC motors
[2Marks]
c) An iron of 15cm diameter and 10cm cross sectional area with a saw cut of 2mm wide is
wound with 200turns of wire. The flux density is IWb/m. The relative permeability of iron
is 600. Find the exciting current. Neglect leakage. (4Marks)]
d) A single-phase transformer has 480 turns on primary and 90 turns on the secondary. The
mean length of the flux path in the iron core is 180cm and the joints are equivalent to the
airgap of 0.Imm. If the maximum value of flux density is 1.1Wb/m', when a p.d of 2200V
at 50Hz is applied to the primary. Calculate
The cross sectional area of the core. [2Marks]
ii) The secondary voltage on no load. [IMarks]
i) The primary current and power factor on no load. [4Marks]
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 EEE 22 14 ELECTRICAL MACHINES 1
WI-2-60-1-6
Assume ampere turns/meter for 1.1Wb/m, the corresponding iron loss to be
2Wb/kg at 5OHz and density of iron to be 7.8g/cm³,
e) A dc shunt motor drives an elevator load that requires a constant torque of 300
Nm. The
motor is connected to a 600 V dc supply and the motor rotates at 1500 rpm. The armature
resistance is 0:5 Q.
i) Determine the armature current.
ii) If the shunt field flux is reduced by 10%,
[4Marks]
determine the armature current and the
speed of the motor.
f) A single phase [5Marks]
transformer on no-load takes 4.5A at a power factor of 0.25 lagging when
connected to a 230V, 50Hz supply. The number of turns on the
primary winding is 250.
Calculate:
1) The magnetizing current.
[2Marks]
i) The core loss and
[2Marks]
i) The maximum value of flux in the core.
[2Marks]
QUESTION TWO (20 Marks].
a) Derive the equation of induced the
armature voltage (E,) in a DCmotor. [5 Marks]
b) A de shunt machine (10kW, 250V,1200rpm) has
Rg=0.252. The machine is connected to a
250V dc supply, draws rated armature current, and rotates at
l1200rpm. [5Marks]
i) Determine the generated voltage, the electromagnetic power developed and the
torque developed.
ii) The mechanical load on the motor shaft is thrown off, and the
motor draws 4A
armature current. Determine the rotational losses, speed (assuming no armature
reaction) and also determine the speed, assuming a l0% change in flux due to
armature reaction, for a change of armature current from rated value of 4A.
c) A single-phase, 300kVA, 1IkV/2.2kV, 60Hz transformer has the following
equivalent
circuit parameters referred to the high voltage side.
10Marks)
Re(Hv)=S7.6ks2: Xm(Hv)=16.34k2: ReatHV)-2.78492: XeqtHv)=8.4592
i) Determine:
No load current as a percentage of full -load current
No load power loss (i.e core loss)
Full load coper loss

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 EEE 2214 ELECTRICAL
i)
MACIHINES I
I1 the load impedance on the low-Voltage side is
WI-2-60-1-6
Zond16-60°2 determine the
voltage regulation using the approximate cquivalent circuit.

QUESTION THREE|20 Marks).

a) Tests are performed in a single-phasc, 10kVA. 2200/220V, 60Hz transformer and the
following dataobtaincd.
Open-Circuit test. Short-circuit test
(HV side open) (LV side shorted)
Voltmeter 220V 150V
Ammeter 2.5A 4.55A
Wattmeter 100W 215W
a) Derive the parameters for the approximate- equivalent circuit referred to the low voltage and
high voltageside. [10 Marks)
b) Express the excitation current as a percentage of the rated current
[IMarks]
c) Determinethe power factor for the no-load and short circuit tests.
[2 Marks]
d) Determine the voltage regulation in percentage for the following load conditions (3
Marks]
75% full load, 0.6 p.f lagging and at 0.6 pf leading.
ii) Draw the phasor diagrams for both conditions.
e) Determine:
|4Marks]
i) Efficiency of the transformer at 75% rated output and 0.6 p.f
ii) Power output at maximunm efficiency and the value of maximum efficiency. At what
percentage of full load does this maximum efficiency occurs?

QUESTION FOUR |20 Marks).

a) Give two types of DC machines and draw their equivalent circuit.
[2 Marks]
b) Explain the functions of the following parts of a DC machine.
[4Marks)
) The commutator,
ii) The brushes,
iii) The electric circuit of the motor,
iv) The magnetic circuit,
c) A single-phase, two winding
transformer has 1000 turns on the primary side and 50turns on
the secondary winding to a 5kVA load. The
transformer can be considered ideal.
i) Determine kVArating of the load
the
[1Mark]
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 EEE 2214 ELECTRICAL MACHINES I WI-2-60-1-6
ii) Determine the load impedancc. [1 Mark]
ii) Determine the load impcdance referred to the primary side. [1 Mark]

d) A 400V, de shunt motor takes 5A at n0-load. Its armature and field resistances are 0.592 and
20092 respectively. Calculate the efficiency when the motor takes 50A at full load. Also
calculate the percentage change in speed fromthe no load to full load. |4Marks)
e) A 4-pole, 250V, wave-connected shunt motor gives 10kW when running at 1000rpm and
drawing armature and field current of 60A and IA respectively. It has 560 conductors. Its
armature resistance is 0.2 2. Assuming a drop of I volt per brush,determine: |7 Marks]
i) Total torque
ii) Useful torque
ii) Useful flux per pole,
iv) Rotational losses
V) Efficiency
QUESTION FIVE (20 Marks].
a) Explain what are the stray load losses in a DC machine
[2 Marks<]
b) Explain why the stator and rotor of a DC motor is laminated.
[2 Marks]
c) Briefly explain any 4 methods used to test a DC motor
[2 Marks]
d) The following data was obtained in a Hopkinson's test on a pair of 500V, 90kW shunt
generators:
Auxiliary supply, 254 at 500V; Generator output current =l804; Field current = 44 and
2A; Armnature circuit resistances-0.0752 each machine; voltage drop at
brushes-2V (each
machine).
Calculate the efficiency of the machine acting as a generator.
i) Equal efficiencies
ii) Equal iron and friction losses
[8 Marks]
e) Hopkinson's test was used to test two shunt motors. The supply current was 15A at 20ØV.
The generator output current was 85A. The field currents for
motor and generator were 2.5A
and 3A respectively. The armature resistance of each
machine was 0.052. Find the
efficiency of the machines under the above loading conditions.
[6 Marks]