Binalonan, Pangasinan

FINALS: ADVANCE STATISTICS

MODULE 3
NAME: Salic, Nadgira U. DATE: 11/16/2023
COURSE/YR/BLOCK: BSED III-8

Part 1
1. Suppose the DA wants to find the average price of sugar in the market. If they want to
establish a margin of error of 5 pesos with a confidence interval of 90% and with a previous
survey establishing a standard deviation of 3 pesos, how many vendors should they survey?
Given:

𝐸 = 5, 𝜎 = 3, 𝐶𝐼 = 90%, 𝛼 = 1 − 0.90 = 0.10, = 0.05, 𝑧 . = 1.65

Formula:
( )
𝑛=

Solution:
. ( ) .
𝑛= = = (0.99) = 0.9801

Hence, the DA needs 1 vendor for the survey to achieve the E value of 5 with 90% confidence
interval.
2. A teacher wants to test if the students average weight is equal to 40kg. The teacher’s class size
is 50 with an average weight of 41 and a standard deviation of 5.4kg. Could the teacher say
the average weight of her students is indeed 40kg with 95% confidence?

Given:
𝑛 = 50, 𝑑𝑓 = 50 − 1 = 49, 𝑥̅ = 41, 𝜎 = 5.4, 𝜇 = 40𝑘𝑔.

𝐶𝐼 = 95%, 𝛼 = 1 − 0.95 = 0.05, = 0.025, 𝑡 . , ,

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑜 49 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑤𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 40. 𝑆𝑜 𝑤𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑒
𝑡 . , = 2.021

Solution:

𝑥̅ − 𝑡 . , ≤ 𝜇 ≤ 𝑥̅ + 𝑡 . ,
√ √

. .
41 − 2.021 ≤ 𝜇 ≤ 41 + 2.021
√ √

41 − 2.021 (0.7636753237) ≤ 𝜇 ≤ 41 + 2.021 (0.7636753237)

 41 − 1.543387829 ≤ 𝜇 ≤ 41 + 1.543387829
39.456612171 ≤ 𝜇 ≤ 42.543387829
39.4466 ≤ 𝜇 ≤ 42.5434
Hence, there is enough evidence to say that the average of her students is indeed 40 kg. at
95% confidence.

3. A Regional Superintendent assumes that the number of graduates per school in her region
amounts to 3000 students. A record of 726 schools shows an average graduates of 2900
students with a standard deviation of 615 students. Could the Regional Superintendent
confirm her assumption with a 99% confidence?

Given:
𝑛 = 726, 𝑑𝑓 = 726 − 1 = 725, 𝑥̅ = 2900, 𝜎 = 615, 𝜇 = 3000

𝐶𝐼 = 99%, 𝛼 = 1 − 0.99 = 0.01, = 0.005, 𝑡 . , ,

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑜 726 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑤𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 1000. 𝑆𝑜 𝑤𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑒
𝑡 . , = 2.581

Solution:

𝑥̅ − 𝑡 . , ≤ 𝜇 ≤ 𝑥̅ + 𝑡 . ,
√ √

2900 − 2.581 ≤ 𝜇 ≤ 2900 + 2.581

√ √

2900 − 2.581 (22.82479079) ≤ 𝜇 ≤ 2900 + 2.581 (22.82479079)

2900 − 58.91078502 ≤ 𝜇 ≤ 2900 + 58.91078502
2841.08921498 ≤ 𝜇 ≤ 2958.91078502
2841.0892 ≤ 𝜇 ≤ 2958.9108
Hence, there is no enough evidence to say that the number of graduates per school in her regions is
3000 students. at 99% confidence.
Part 2
1. A recent survey of 349 people ages 18 to 29 found that 86% of them own a smartphone. Find
the 99% confidence interval of the population proportion.

Given:
𝑛 = 349, 𝑝̂ = .86, 𝑞 = 1 − 𝑝̂ = .14, 𝐶𝐼 =99%,

𝛼 = 1 − 0.99 = 0.01, = 0.005, 𝑧. = 2.58

Solution:
𝑝̂ − 𝐸 < 𝑝 < 𝑝̂ + 𝐸
𝐸 =?
 𝐸 = ±𝑧.

𝐸 = ±𝑧.

. (. )
𝐸 = ±2.58

.
𝐸 = ±2.58

𝐸 = ±2.58 √. 0003449857

𝐸 = ±2.58(0.01857379067)
𝐸 = ±0.04792037994
(0.86) − (0.04792037994) < 𝑝 < (0.86) + (0.04792037994)
0.8120796201 < 𝑝 < 0.9079203799
𝐶𝐼: 0.8121 < 𝑝 < 0.9079
Hence, the percent of people ages 18 to 29 who own a smartphone lie in
between 81.21% and 90.79% at 99% confidence.

2. It has been reported that 20.4% of incoming freshmen indicate that they will major in
business or a related field. A random sample of 400 incoming college freshmen was asked
their preference, and 95 replied that they were considering business as a major. Estimate the
true proportion of freshman business majors with 98% confidence. Does your interval contain
20.4?

Given:
𝑛 = 400, 𝑝̂ = = 0.2375, 𝑞 = 1 − 𝑝̂ = .7625, 𝐶𝐼 =98%,

𝛼 = 1 − 0.98 = 0.02, = 0.01, 𝑧. = 2.33

Solution:
𝑝̂ − 𝐸 < 𝑝 < 𝑝̂ + 𝐸
𝐸 =?

𝐸 = ±𝑧.

𝐸 = ±𝑧.

. (. )
𝐸 = ±2.33

.
𝐸 = ±2.33
 𝐸 = ±2.33 √. 0004527344

𝐸 = ±2.33(0.02127755625)
𝐸 = ±0.04957670606
(0.2375) − (0.04957670606) < 𝑝 < (0.2375) + (0.04957670606)
0.1879232939 < 𝑝 < 0.2870767061
𝐶𝐼: 0.1879 < 𝑝 < 0.2871
Hence, the true proportion of freshman business major lie in between 18.79% and 28.71%.
There is enough proof that the interval contain 20.4% at 98% confidence.

3. A researcher wishes to be 95% confident that her estimate of the true proportion of
individuals who travel overseas is within 4% of the true proportion. Find the sample
necessary if, in a prior study, a sample of 200 people showed that 40 traveled overseas last
year. If no estimate of the sample proportion is available, how large should the sample be?

Given:
𝑝̂ = = 0.2, 𝑞 = 1 − 𝑝̂ = .8, 𝐶𝐼 = 95%, 𝐸 = 4% = 0.04
𝛼 = 1 − 0.95 = 0.05, = 0.025, 𝑧. = 1.96

Solution:

𝑛 = 𝑝̂ 𝑞

.
𝑛 = (0.2)(0.8)
.

𝑛 = (0.2)(0.8)(49)
𝑛 = (0.2)(0.8)(2401)
𝑛 = 384.16 ≈ 385
Hence, the researcher would need a sample size of 385 individuals who travel overseas to
replicate the last year study with a margin of error at 4% and a confidence of 95%.