AWARNESS ON WATER POLLUTION

A Community service Project Report is submitted to

PACE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES
(AUTONOMOUS)
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
DURING 2020-2024

SUBMITTED BY

CHINTHALA JEEVANA JYOTHI 20KQ1A1209

BANDARU NITESH VENKAT 20KQ1A1227
KANCHERLA MEGHANA 20KQ1A1213
MEDABALIMI SRINIVASULU 21KQ5A1205
KAKARLA BHANU PRAKASH 20KQ1A1236

Under the esteemed guidance of

Mr. K. Manohara Rao M.Tech, (Ph.D)
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
PACE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES
 PACE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES
(AUTONOMOUS)
Valluru-523272
(Affiliated to J.N.T.University.KAKINADA)

DEPATMENT OF
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Community Service Project

Title: Awareness on water pollution

Name of the Student: KAKARLA BHANU PRAKASH

Name of the College: PACE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES

Registration Number: 20KQ1A1236

Period of CSP: 6 weeks From: 12-06-2023 To: 22-07-2023

Name & Address of the Community/Habitation: Pellur

 PACE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES
(AUTONOMOUS)
Valluru-523272
(Affiliated to J.N.T.University.KAKINADA)
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Community Service Project

CERTIFICATE

This is to Certify that the Bonafide record of Community Service project work
entitled Awareness on water pollution done by, M r. KAKARLA BHANU
PRAKASH, III-II B.Tech, H.T.No: 20KQ1A1236 during the year 2022-2023.

Faculty-In-Charge Head of the Department

External
 PROGRAM BOOK
FOR
COMMUNITY SERVICE PROJECT

Name of the Student: KAKARLA BHANU PRAKASH

Name of the College: PACE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES

Registration Number: 20KQ1A1236

Period of CSP: 6 Weeks From: 12-06-2023 To: 22-07-2023

Name & Address of the Community / Habitation: Pellur

 Instructions to Students for Community Service Project

Please read the detailed Guidelines on Community Service Project hosted

on the website of AP State Council of Higher Education
https://apsche.ap.gov.in

Link: https://apsche.ap.gov.in/Pdf/Guidelines%20for%20the%20OJT
%20Internship
%20Community%20Service%20Project.pdf

1. It is mandatory for all the students to complete 2 months (180 hours)

of Community Service Project as a part of the 10-month mandatory
internship/on the job training.
2. Consider yourself a committed volunteer in the community, you work with.
3. Every student should identify the village/community/habitation for
Community Service Project (CSP) in consultation with the College
Principal/the authorized person nominated by the Principal.
4. Report to the community/habitation as per the schedule given by the
College. You must make your own arrangements for transportation
to reach the community/habitation.
5. You will be assigned a Faculty Guide from your College. He/She will be
creatinga WhatsApp group with your fellow volunteers. Post your daily
activity done and/or any difficulty you encounter during the
programme.
6. You should maintain punctuality in attending the CSP. Daily attendance is
compulsory.
7. You are expected to learn about the community/habitation and their
problems.
8. Know the leaders and the officials of the community/habitation.
9. While in the project, always wear your College Identity Card.
10. If your College has a prescribed dress as uniform, wear the uniform daily.
11. Identify at least five learning objectives in consultation with

yourFaculty Guide. These learning objectives can address:

 Information about the community, including the realities and
 problems of the society.
 Need for creating awareness on socially relevant aspects/programs.
 Acquiring specific Life Skills.
 Learning areas of application of knowledge and technologies
related toyour discipline.
 Identifying developmental needs of the community/habitation.
12. Practice professional communication skills with team members, and with
the leaders and officials of the community. This includes expressing
thoughts and ideas effectively through oral, written, and non-verbal
communication, and utilizing listening skills.
13. Be regular in filling up your Program Book. It shall be filled up in
your own handwriting. Add additional sheets wherever necessary.
14. At the end of Community Service Project, you shall be evaluated by
theperson in-charge of the community/habitation to whom you report
to.
15. There shall also be an evaluation at the end of the community service
bythe Faculty Guide and the Principal.
16. Do not indulge in any political activities.
17. Ensure that you do not cause any disturbance to the inhabitants or
households during your interaction or collection of data.
18. Be cordial but not too intimate with the people you come across
duringyour service activities.
19. You should understand that during this activity, you are the ambassador
of your College, and your behavior during the community service
program is of utmost importance.
20. If you are involved in any discipline related issues, you will be withdrawn
fromthe program immediately and disciplinary action shall be initiated.
21. Do not forget to keep up your family pride and prestige of your College.

22. Remember that you are rendering valuable service to the society and your
role in the community development will become part of the history of the
community.
 Community Service Project Report

Submitted in accordance with the requirement for the degree of B. TECH

Name of the college: PACE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES

Department: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Name of the Faculty Guide: K. MANOHARA RAO

Duration of the CSP: 6 weeks From : 12-06-2023 To : 22-07-2023

Name of the student: K. BHANU PRAKASH (20KQ1A1236)

Program of Study: UNDER GRADUATION

Year of Study: IIIrd Year

Date of Submission:
 Student’s Declaration
I, K. BHANU PRAKASH (20KQ1A1236), students of UNDER
GRADUATION, Program of department of Information Technology, PACE
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES, do hereby declare that I
have completed the mandatory community service project from 12-06-2023 to
22-07-2023 in Pellur under the faculty guide ship of Mr. K. Manohara Rao
Department of Information Technology in PACE INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES.

(Signature and date)

Endorsements

Faculty guide: Mr. K. Manohara Rao, M.Tech, (Ph.D)

Head of the Department: Dr. A. Seshagiri Rao, M.Tech, Ph.D

Principal: Dr. G. V. K. Murthy, M.Tech, Ph.D

 Certificate from Official of
the Community

This is to certify that (Name of the Community

Service Volunteer) Reg. No 20KQ1A1236 of PACE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND
SCIENCES, (Name of the College) underwent community service in Pellur. (Name of the
Community) from 12-06-2023 to 22-07-2023, The overall performance of the Community
Service Volunteer during his/her community service is found to be (Satisfactory/Good).

Authorized Signatory with Date and Seal

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At the outset, we thank the Lord Almighty for the grace, strength and hope
to make our endeavor a success.

We would like to place on record the deep sense of gratitude

Er.M.VENUGOPALB.E.,MBA,D.M.M, Chairman of PACE Institute of Technology

& Sciences for providing necessary facilities to carry the concluded project work.

We express our gratitude to Er.M.SRIDHARM.Tech,MBA., Secretary &

Correspondent of PACE Institute of Technology & Sciences for providing us with
adequate facilities,ways and means by which we were able to complete this project
work.

Our sincere thanks to Dr.G.V.K.MURTHYM.Tech,Ph.D, the Principal of PACE

Institute of Technology & Sciences to carry out a part of the work outside the
campus and hence providing us an utmost congenial atmosphere.

We were highly indebted to Dr. A. SESHAGIRI RAO M.Tech.Ph.D., the Head of the
Department, IT of PACE Institute of Technology & Sciences for providing us the necessary
expertisewhenever necessary.

We thank our Project Guide Mr. K. Manohara Rao, M.Tech, (Ph.D) for his outstanding
support throughout the project for the successful completion of the work.

Last but not least, we thank the Project Coordinator, Teaching and Non-teaching
staff of the department and especially our team members and parents who in one way
or another helped us in the successful completion of this work.

Submitted By:

K. BHANU PRAKASH
(20KQ1A1236)
 Contents

1. Introduction

2. Signs of water pollution

3. Types of water pollution

4. Classification of water bodies

5. Forms of water pollution

6. Effects of water pollutants

7. Causes of water pollution on environment

8. Prevention measures of water pollutants

9. Control measures of water pollution

10. Examples of water pollution

11. Awareness Programs for Water Pollution

12. Conclusion

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 CHAPTER1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The community service report shall have only a one-page executive summary. It shall
include a brief description of the Community and summary of all the activities done by the
student in CSP and five or more learning objectives and outcomes.

Water pollution is the contamination of water sources by substances which make the water
unusable for drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities. Pollutants
include chemicals, trash, bacteria, and parasites. All forms of pollution eventually make
their way to water.

As water is an important element of human health, polluted water directly affects the
human body. Water pollution causes various diseases like typhoid, cholera, hepatitis,
cancer, etc. Water pollution damages the plants and aquatic animals present in the river by
reducing the oxygen content from the water.

Many of the specific technical challenges and opportunities for the chemical sciences are
well understood, but most responses have yet to be formulated and funded. Much of the
public debate has focused on the problems and not the solutions, especially where the
chemical sciences have answers. This workshop of the Chemical Sciences Round table
sought to focus on solutions or paths to solutions in three sessions: Context and Overview,
Water Quality and Supply, and Business Opportunities and Responsibilities. In the scope
and time frame of this workshop it was impossible to cover all aspects of sustainable
water supplies.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Water and Sustainable
Development: Opportunities for the Chemical Sciences: A Workshop Report to the
Chemical Sciences Round table. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

Page No:
 CHAPTER 2: OVERVIEW OF THE COMMUNITY

About the Community/Village/Habitation including historical profile of the community/

habitation, community diversity, traditions, ethics and values. Brief note on Socio- Economic
conditions of the Community/Habitation.

To understand the opportunities for the chemical sciences in dealing with water-related
problems, it is important to understand various aspects of the issues related to the current global
agenda, impacts on water quality, water supplies (quantity and availability), and potential
problems raised by water pollution.

Water pollution is the release of substances into bodies of water that makes water unsafe for
human use and disrupts aquatic ecosystems. Water pollution can be caused by a plethora of
different contaminants, including toxic waste, petroleum, and disease-causing microorganisms.

Almost all human activities can and do impact adversely upon the water. Water quality is
influenced by both direct point source and diffuse pollution which come from urban and rural
populations, industrial emissions and farming. Diffuse pollution from farming and point source
pollution from sewage treatment and industrial discharge are principal sources. For agriculture,
the key pollutants include pesticides, sediment and microbes. Oxygen consuming substances and
hazardous chemicals are more associated with point source discharges.

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 CHAPTER 3: COMMUNITYSERVICEPART

Description of the Activities under taken in the Community during the Community Service
Project. This part could end by reflecting on what kind of values, life skills, and technical
skills the student acquired.

Water pollution is the contamination of water sources by substances which make the water
unusable for drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities. Pollutants include
chemicals, trash, bacteria, and parasites. All forms of pollution eventually make their way to
water.

Most pollution comes from human activities, such as industry, agriculture, power generation,
home heating, and transport, but some comes from natural events like volcanic eruptions. Often
pollution has a mix of sources.

Health: According to the United Nations, every year there are more deaths caused by polluted
water than all types of violence combined, including war. Waste from humans and an animal
that contaminates water carries bacteria and viruses that cause the spread of diseases such as
typhoid, cholera and Guardia.

Environment: All the species in an ecosystem rely on each other to survive. Outside
substances, such as pollutants found in wastewater, can disrupt the complicated relationships
between species that an ecosystem needs in order to thrive.

Economy: Polluted water can have many negative effects on the economy. It directly impacts
sectors such as commercial fishing, recreational businesses, tourism and even property values,
all of which rely heavily on clean water. Polluted drinking water can also cause treatment costs
to rise, which in turn makes the cost of drinking water rise as well.

Page No:
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE FIRST WEEK

DAY Description Learning Outcome In Charge

Signature

Involves students in
Day-1 community development
Introduction of community and service activities
(12-06-2023) serviceproject
and app lies the
experience to
Personal and
academic
development.
Help children define
Day-2 their values, experience
Needs and importance of empathy, develop social
(13-06-2023) communityService project skills, and learn about
their community
Sing or play original
Day-3 music online to
Forms of Community Service elders told-age
(14-06-2023) homes or care
facilities
Service that direct affects
Day-4 the persons, animals or
Direct Service parks we want to impact
(15-06-2023)

Services provided
Day-5 without person-
Indirect Service to-person contact
(16-06-2023)

During advocacy service

Day-6 activities, students bring
Advocacy awareness to an issue and
(17-06-2023) inspire others to take
Action.

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 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK-1(From Dt 12-06-2023 to Dt 17-06-2023)

Objective of the Activity Done:

Collected the total information of Community Service Project

Detailed Report:

Service learning is a process of involving students in community service activities

combined with facilitated means for applying the experience to their academic and

personal development. It is a form of experiential education aimed at enhancing and

enriching student learning in course material. When compared to other forms of

experiential learning like internships and cooperative education.

Page No:
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE SECOND WEEK

In Charge
DAY Description Learning Outcome Signature

The contamination of
water sources by
Day-1 substances which makethe
Introduction to Water water unusable for
(19-06-2023) Pollution drinking, cooking,
cleaning, swimming, and
other
Activities.
When water bodies such as
rivers, lakes, oceans,
Day-2 How water groundwater and aquifersget
pollution forms contaminated with industrial
(20-06-2023) and agricultural effluents

1. Badtaste of
drinking water
Day-3 2. Oiland grease floatingon
Signs of Water Pollution water surfaces
(21-06-2023) 3. Disturb the normal usesof
water for public water supply
4. Unchecked growth of
aquatic weeds in water
bodies

1. Urbanization.
Day-4 2. Deforestation.
Causes Of Water Pollution
3. Industrial effluents.
(22-06-2023)
4. Social and
Religious Practices.

Day-5 Dumped plastic bottles, tins,

Modern Epidemic of water water cans and otherpollutants
(23-06-2023) are in water bodies.
pollution

1. surface
water
Day-6 Water Resources on Earth 2. ground
water
(24-06-2023)

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 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK-2 (From Dt 19-06-2023 to Dt 24-06-2023)

Objective of the Activity Done:

What is meant by water pollution and its

introduction
Detailed Report:

 In this week we all made a group and understood what water pollution is.

 How water is polluting so far.

 What we are facing through this pollution.

 Signs of water pollution and its resources.

 Modern Epidemic of this water pollution.

 Water pollution is the contamination of water sources by substances which make

the water.

 Unusable for drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming and other activities.

 Pollutants include chemicals, trash, bacteria, and parasites.

 Pollutants can be natural, such as volcanic ash.

 They can also be created by human activity, such as trash or runoff produced by
factories.

Page No:
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE THIRD WEEK

In charge
DAY Description Learning Outcome Signature

Chemical pollution
Groundwater pollution
Day-1 Microbiological pollution
Types of water pollution
(26-06-2023) Nutrient pollution
Oxygen-depletion
pollution Surface water
Pollution.

Bacteria, viruses, parasites,

fertilizers, pesticides,
pharmaceuticalproducts, nitrates,
Day-2 Water pollutants phosphates, plastics, fecalwaste
and even radioactive substances
(27-06-2023)

1 Sewage
2 Fertilizer Pollution
3 Insecticides
Day-3 4 Radioactive Wastes
Common Sources of Water
5 Oil Pollution
Pollution
(28-06-2023)

Day-4 Pollution from point sources Sewage Industrial

waste waterOil
(29-06-2023) spills

Agriculture
Day-5 Pollution from non-point sources Atmospheric contributions

(30-06-2023)

1. Marine Pollution
Day-6 Types of Surface 2. Nutrient Pollution
WaterPollution 3. Thermal Pollution
(01-07-2023) 4.Biological Pollution

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 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK-3 (From Dt 26-06-2023 to Dt 01-07-2023)

Objective of the Activity Done:

Problem Statements and

Definitions

Detailed Report:

Explained about the different types of water pollution.

What are the pollutants that are affecting us in different forms.

Common sources of water pollution that are hardly effecting.

From ground water pollution there are two types.

1. Pollution from point resources

2. Pollution from non
point resources
From first type, this comes under sewage, industrial wastewater and oil spills

From second type, this comes under agriculture and atmospheric contributions.

Types of water pollution. There are different types of water pollution. Major of them are
discussed them.

Those which are common and are essential to know to come are discussed.

They are:

1.Marine pollution

2.Nutrient pollution

3.Thermal pollution

4.Biological pollution

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 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE FOURTH WEEK

DAY Description In charge

Learning Outcome Signature

Suspended
Day-1 Contaminants with an origin solids
In sewage Nutrients
(03-07-2023) Pathogens
Inorganic dissolved solids

Petroleum
Day-2 Organic compounds Volatile Organic
compounds
(04-07-2023)

Ammonia
Day-3 Inorganic compounds Acid mine
Drainage
(05-07-2023) Nitrates
Phosphate
Designed to be slowly
degradable or even no
degradable present a
special risk when they
Day-4 Pharmaceutical pollutants enter, persist or
disseminate in the
(06-07-2023) environment. Such
substances are referred
to environmentally
persistent
Pharmaceutical pollutants.
Municipal solid waste and
often consists of packaging
Day-5 Solid waste and plastics waste and discarded tools
and goods.
(07-07-2023)

Discharged legally or
illegally by a
Day-6 Examples of water pollution manufacturer, oil
refinery,or wastewater
(08-07-2023) treatment facility, as well
as contamination.

Page No:
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK-4 (From Dt 03-07-2023 to Dt 08-07-2023)

Objective of the Activity Done:

Various origins and different compounds that effects the water

pollution

Detailed Report:

In this week we have done a community service on the basis of the origins and
compounds of the water pollution.

We have discussed about the contaminants from the sewage.

That is originated from suspended solids, nutrients, pathogens and inorganic dissolved
solids.

From that we discuss them about the organic and inorganic compounds.

From inorganic compounds there are Ammonia, Acid mine drainage, Nitrates and
phosphates.

In organic compounds there is Petroleum, Volatile Organic compounds.

In solid waste and plastics we have discussed about different plastic wastes like municipal
solid wasteland plastics.

In pharmaceutical pollutants there are majorly different pollutants which are non-
degradable and are toxic to both earth and ecosystem. This is mixed up with water and
contains effects to most.
There is lot of examples to water pollution. Most of them are in daily-to-daily life situations.

Most of them are chemical, oil spills and illegal dumping.

Page No:
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE FIFTH WEEK

Date In charge
Description Signature
Learning Outcome

Demonstrated by continuous
circulation, transformation
and accumulation of energy
Day-1 Environment of Aquatic in Water and matter through the
medium of living things and
(10-07-2023) their activities

(i) Colour

Day-2
(ii) Taste and odor
(11-07-2023)
Effects of Water Pollutants
(iii) Hardness

(iv) pH
1. Bacterial and
viral contamination
2. Biological oxygen
Day-3 Problems Caused by Water demand
(12-07-2023) Pollution 3. Chemical Oxygen
Demand

Effects of Water Pollution Health Hazards

Day-4

(13-07-2023)

Human activities cause Domestic waste and sewage

Day-5 water pollution
(14-07-2023)

Micro plastic
Effect on aquatic wild life Biomagnification
Day-6

(15-07-2023)

Page No:
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK-5 (From Dt 10-07-2023 to Dt 15-07-2023)

Objective of the Activity Done:

Effects and causes of water pollution on human life, aquatic and animals.

Detailed Report:

 In this week we have done a community service on the effects of the

water pollution on human life, aquatic and wildlife.

 We also discussed about what are the pollutants and its effects.

 Problems caused by the water pollution towards the environment.

 How human activities cause water pollution knowingly and unknowingly.

 How it gets effects on aquatic life.

 What is the environment of aquatic life in water.

Page No:
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE SIXTH WEEK

Day Description In
Learning Outcome Charge
Signature

pH, biological oxygen

demand (BOD), suspended
Day-1 solids (SS), dissolved
Water quality standards
(17-07-2023) oxygen (DO), and total coli
form bacteria

Destroying their
respiratory,
Day-2 cardiovascular, and
Impacts of water pollution neurological systems
(18-07-2023)

Use the minimum amount

of detergent and/or bleach
Control measures of waterpollution when you are washing
Day-3
(19-08-2023) clothes or dishes

1. Pick up litter
and throw it away
Day-4 in a garbage can.
(20-07-2023) Prevention of Water Pollution 2. Blow or sweep
fertilizer back onto
the grass if it gets
onto paved areas.
3. Mulch or compost
grass or yard waste
Cut down on chemicals
and use environmentally
Day-5 friendly or organic
Solutions of water pollution
(21-07-2023) fertilizers and pesticides

Lack of sanitation facilities

and toilets in which causes
Conclusion open defecation in rural
Day-6
(22-07-2023) areas and urban pill areas.

Page No:
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK-6 (From Dt 17-07-2023 to Dt 22-07-2023)

Objective of the Activity Done:

Prevention, control measures and conclusion of water pollution

Detailed Report:

 We have discussed about water quality standards, cleanliness and hygiene.

 There are so many impacts on water pollution. Majorly of them are discussed below.

 Control measures and how to control it.

 Solutions, impacts, prevention, control measures all are discussed.

 Finally, all the things about the water pollution are successfully delivered to them.

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 CHAPTER 5: OUTCOMESDESCRIPTION
Details of the Socio-Economic Survey of the Village/Habitation Attach the questionnaire
prepared for the survey.

The survey was conducted by involving participants of different age group. The study involve
individuals of different age group. The participants were both male and female.

Questionnaire Involved for Conducting Survey

S. No. QUESTIONS

1. What kind of water do you use as the main source of your drinking water?

2. Do you pay attention to local drinking water quality?

3. Are you satisfied with your drinking water quality?

4. Do you have any problems with your tap water quality?

5. Do you trust the safety of your drinking water?

6. What factors can affect the quality of tap water?

7. Do you pay attention to the water pollution events reported on TV or in the

newspaper?

8. What kind of water pollution events do you pay attention to?

Page No:
 Describe the problems you have identified in the community

Water pollutants may cause disease or act as poisons.

Bacteria and parasites in poorly treated sewage may enter drinking water supplies and cause digestive
problems such as cholera and diarrhea.

Agricultural pollution is the top source of contamination in rivers and streams, the second-biggest
source in wetlands.

Pollution stunts economic growth exacerbates poverty and inequality in both urban and rural areas
and significantly contributes to climate change.

Poor people, who cannot afford to protect themselves from the negative
impacts of pollution, end up suffering the most.

Pollution is termed as a social issue because human beings are the major contributors to this issue.

There are many forms of pollution, namely, air, water, noise, soil, among others. Air pollution is
common in the world, whereby various human activities have contributed to it.

It can have an impact on the economy in many forms such as higher rates of asthma, diabetes
or chronic respiratory diseases leading to reduced ability to work and lower participation
rates in the labor force.

However, as these practices increase, companies will begin to see profits shrink as destinations
become more polluted and unattractive. As fish and underwater plants die and ecosystems begin to
disappear, the market to visit these places will begin to dry up.

11. It causes typhoid, cholera, hepatitis and various other diseases. Destruction of Ecosystems:
Ecosystems are extremely dynamic and respond to even small changes in the environment. Water
pollution can cause an entire ecosystem to collapse if left unchecked.

Page No:
Short-term and long-term action plan for possible solutions for the problems identified and that
could be recommended to the concerned authorities for implementation.

Short time measures:

 Use less Plastic.

 Reuse Items.
 Recyclable Options.
 Do Not Dispose of Oils in the Sink.
 Cleaning Chemicals.
 Handle Toxic Chemicals Properly.
 Shop to Stop Water Pollution.

Long term measures:

 Keep out oils, fat, or grease from the sink.

 Abstain from flushing contaminated liquids, pills, drugs, or medications down the drain.

 Desist from using the toilet as a bin.

 Ensure minimal use of bleach or detergents.

 Reduce the use of herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers.

 Proper sewage treatment and management.

 Insist on using environmentally safe products.

Page No:
Description of the Community awareness program/conducted w.r.t the problems and
their outcomes.

Resource use efficiency

Changing environmental conditions are impacting on atmosphere , particularly the

availability of necessary resources. A key issue facing in almost all areas of the
world is water availability
Integrated pollution control and management.

Emerging p pathogens and increasing pesticide resistance continue to pose

significant challenges to water

Water pollution Management.

In recent times, there has been a shift toward the consumption of fresh rather thanfrozen
produce.
Toward net – zero pollution.

Developing innovative methods contributing to net-zero need baseline data on the

environmental footprint of individual processes in primary production and
immediate post-harvest
management.
Year - round supply.

Consumers now expect year-round provision of safe, nutritious fruit and vegetables,
and cut- flowers, which is primarily achieved through a combination of locally-
produced and imported crops via storage
and long-distance transportation.

Page No:
 Report of the mini project work done in the related subject w.r.t the habitation/village.

A mini-project work in the related subject w.r.t the habitation/village. (For ex., a student of Botany
may do a project on Organic Farming or Horticulture or usage of bio fertilizers or bio pesticides or
effect of the inorganic pesticides, etc. A student of Zoology may do a project on Aquaculture practices
or animal husbandry or poultry or health and hygiene or Blood group analysis or survey on the
Hypertension or survey on the prevalence.

Water Pollution

Water pollution is the contamination of water sources by substances which make the water
unusable for drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities. Pollutants
include chemicals, trash, bacteria, and parasites.

Page No:
 Contents:

 Introduction

 Types Of Water Pollution

 Some facts about water

 Causes Of Water Pollution

 Effects and Prevention of Water Pollution

 Conclusion

Introduction:

Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. These harmful
materials are called pollutants. Pollutants can be natural, such as volcanic ash. They can also be
created by human activity, such as trash or runoff produced by factories.

Water pollution is the release of substances into bodies of water that makes water unsafe for
human use and disrupts aquatic ecosystems. Water pollution can be caused by a plethora of
different contaminants, including toxic waste, petroleum, and disease-causing microorganisms.

Page No:
 Types of water pollution:
 Ground Water Pollution.

 Surface Water Pollution.

 Nutrient Pollution.

 Chemical Pollution.

Ground Water Pollution:

Groundwater pollution occurs when harmful substances (pollutants) enter the groundwater. These
pollutants are practically limitless but can range from motor oil to chemicals from agriculture to
untreated waste.

Major Causes of Groundwater Pollution

 Naturally Occurring (Gynogenic) Chemicals. ...
 Poor Sanitation Systems. ...
 Improper Sewage Disposal. ...
 Excessive Use of Fertilizers and Pesticides. ...
 Leakage from Industrial Pipes and other industrial releases. ...
 Over pumping of groundwater. ...
 Improper Landfill practices.

Surface Water Pollution:

Surface water pollution is often caused by nutrients, pathogens, plastics and chemicals such as
antibiotics,heavy metals and pesticides. These pollutants have different environmental effects.Excess
nutrients, for instance, may result in harmful algal blooms and hypoxia both in rivers and incoastal seas.

Three main types of Surface Pollution:

Using this framework, the three main categories of water pollution are

 Point-source.
 Nonpoint source.
 Trans-boundary.

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 Nutrient Pollution:

Nutrient pollution is the process where too many nutrients, mainly nitrogen and phosphorus, are added to
bodies of water and can act like fertilizer, causing excessive growth of algae. Nutrients can runoff of
landin urban areas where lawn and garden fertilizers are used.

The primary sources of nutrient pollution are fertilizer, animal manure, sewage treatment plant
discharge, detergents, storm water runoff, cars and power plants, failing septic tanks and pet waste.

Chemical Pollution:
Chemical pollution is defined as the presence or increase in our environment of chemical pollutants that
are not naturally present there or are found in amounts higher than their natural background values.

The most common pollutants of surface waters and groundwater on land are bacteria and other
organicmatter, hydrocarbons, industrial waste, pesticides and other agrochemicals, and household
products.

These six pollutants are carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen oxides, ground-level ozone, particle
pollution(often referred to as particulate matter), and sulfur oxides.

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 Some Facts about water pollution:

Globally, 70 percent of industrial waste is dumped directly into water. Even greater than the dumping
of toxic industrial chemicals is the contribution of domestic garbage and sewage, accounting for 80
percentof water pollution globally

The water pollution is a worldwide problem confronted daily by a big part of the human

population and the animal kingdom. The referred numbers will impress you.

1. Fresh water on earth is only 2.5% of the total water when 70% of the

earth's Surface is covered by water

2. Around 70% of industrial waste is dumped to water.

3. 80% of the water pollution is caused due to domestic sewage.

4. More than 6 billion pounds of garbage, mainly plastic end up in the oceans every year.

5. The contaminated water is the main cause of various diseases such as cholera
and typhus.

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 Causes and Effects of Water Pollution:

Water pollution is caused when water bodies such as rivers, lakes, oceans, groundwater and aquifers get
contaminated with industrial and agricultural effluents. When water gets polluted, It adversely affects
alllife forms that directly or indirectly depend on this source.

The Causes of Water Pollution

1. Global warming

2. Maritime traffic

2. 3. Fuel spillages

As water is an important element of human health, polluted water directly affects the human body. Water
pollution causes various diseases like typhoid, cholera, hepatitis, cancer, etc. Water pollution damages the
plants and aquatic animals present in the river by reducing the oxygen content from the water.

The main effects of pollution:

Exposure to high levels of air pollution can cause a variety of adverse health outcomes. It increases the
risk of respiratory infections, heart disease and lung cancer. Both short- and long- term exposure to air
pollutants have been associated with health impacts. More severe impacts affect people who are
already ill.

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 Preventions:

Ways to Prevent Water Pollution

Pick up litter and throw it away in a garbage can.

Blow or sweep fertilizer back onto the grass if it gets onto paved areas. ...
Much or compost grass or yard waste. ...
Wash your car or outdoor equipment where it can flow to a gravel or grassy area instead of astreet.

Water pollution is caused when water bodies such as rivers, lakes, oceans, groundwater andaquifers get
contaminated with industrial and agricultural effluents. When water gets polluted, it adversely affects all
life forms that directly or indirectly depend on this source.

The sewage should not be discharged directly into the rivers.

Increased use of excess fertilizers and pesticides.
It is recommended to use biodegradable detergents.
Dead human and animal bodies should not be thrown into rivers.

Specific Pollution Prevention Approaches

Reducing the use of water and chemical inputs;

Adoption of less environmentally harmful pesticides or cultivation of crop strains with natural resistance
to pests;
And Protection of sensitive areas.

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 Conclusion:

Water pollution destroys important food sources and contaminates drinking water with chemicals that
can cause immediate and long-term harm to human health. Water pollution also often severely damages
aquatic ecosystems.

Pollution is a big problem now. A lot of people thinks that they don`t pollute because they don`t throw
trash on the floor, but this is just one little part of pollution. Pollution is any damage that we cause to
theenvironment and nobody can live without polluting our planet.

There is a lack of sanitation facilities and toilets in India which causes open defecation in rural areas and
urban pill areas of India like many developing countries this is the source if surface water pollution in
India or world 38354million liters of major pollutants are produced from cities in India.

Water is a natural resource that is vital to human health. It is also a resource that is undergoing a
major crisis; its capacity to support plant and animal life is rapidly being destroyed by human
activities.

Water is the most important necessity of life for all the living beings on the earth. Without water, no
onecan exist, even for a day. We also know that a very low percentage of clean water means
drinking wateron the earth. So, we should not waste clean water and save it for future generations—
article on Save Water.

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 CHAPTER 6: RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS OF THE MINI
PROJECT

Conclusions and Recommendations:

The West's water needs are changing. Rapidly increasing economic and population growth in urban areas
has generated corresponding increases in demand for augmentation of water supplies. Irrigation, by far
the largest water use, remains a mainstay of some local and state economies. Perhaps the most rapidly
escalating call for water is motivated by concern for environmental and recreational values, values not
protected by law or public advocacy in the early evolution of western water allocation. These increasing
and shifting patterns of demand are being exerted on a resource already fully appropriated in most of the
region.

The committee believes that voluntary water transfers are the single most significant tool available for
responding to these new and changing water needs. It is nevertheless the case that transfers sometimes
are proposed without proper regard for third party interests. Based on its review of the potentially
adverse impacts of water transfers, this committee concludes that third party interests deserve greater
consideration when transfers are proposed. Each sovereign must devise its own specific approach, suited
to its own objectives, but the committee offers recommendations to aid decision makers in designing
these approaches.

Conclusions and Recommendations." National Research Council. 1992. Water Transfers in the West:
Efficiency, Equity, and the Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

Recommendations are based on the fundamental premise that transfers should meet the needs of a
changing West while causing a minimum of adverse impacts.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 1992. Water Transfers in the West:
Efficiency, Equity, and the Environment.

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 Student Self-Evaluation for the Community Service Project

Student Name:

Reg No:

Date of Evaluation:

Name of the person in-charge:

Address with mobile no.:

Please rate your performance in the following areas:

Rating Scale: Letter grade of CGPA calculation to be provided

1 Oral communication 1 2 3 4 5
2 Written communication 1 2 3 4 5
3 Proactiveness 1 2 3 4 5
4 Inter action ability with community 1 2 3 4 5
5 Positive Attitude 1 2 3 4 5
6 Self-confidence 1 2 3 4 5
7 Ability to learn 1 2 3 4 5
8 Work Plan and organization 1 2 3 4 5
9 Professionalism 1 2 3 4 5
10 Creativity 1 2 3 4 5
11 Quality of work done 1 2 3 4 5
12 Time Management 1 2 3 4 5
13 Understanding the Community 1 2 3 4 5
14 Achievement of Desired Outcomes 1 2 3 4 5
15 OVERALL PERFORMANCE 1 2 3 4 5

Date: Signature of the Student

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 Evaluation by the Person in-charge in the Community/Habitation
Student name:

Reg. No:

Date of Evaluation:

Name of the Person in-charge:

Address with mobile no:

Please rate the student’s performance in the following areas:

Please note that your evaluation shall be done independent of the student’s self-evaluation

RatingScale:1 is lowest and 5 is highest rank

1 Oral communication 1 2 3 4 5
2 Written communication 1 2 3 4 5
3 Proactiveness 1 2 3 4 5
4 Inter action ability with community 1 2 3 4 5
5 Positive Attitude 1 2 3 4 5
6 Self-confidence 1 2 3 4 5
7 Ability to learn 1 2 3 4 5
8 Work Plan and organization 1 2 3 4 5
9 Professionalism 1 2 3 4 5
10 Creativity 1 2 3 4 5
11 Quality of work done 1 2 3 4 5
12 Time Management 1 2 3 4 5
13 Understanding the Community 1 2 3 4 5
14 Achievement of Desired Outcomes 1 2 3 4 5
15 OVERALL PERFORMANCE 1 2 3 4 5

Date: Signature of the Supervisor

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PHOTOS&VIDEOLINKS
EVALUATION

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 Internal Evaluation for the Community Service Project

Objectives:
 To facilitate an understanding of the issues that confronts
the vulnerable/marginalized sections of society.
 To initiate team processes with the student groups for societal change.
 To provide students an opportunity to familiarize themselves with the
urban/rural Community they live in.
 To enable students to engage in the development of the community.
 To plan activities based on the focused groups.
 To know the ways of transforming society through systematic program implementation.

Assessment Model:
 There shall only be internal evaluation.
 The Faculty Guide assigned is in-charge of the learning activities of the students
and forthe comprehensive and continuous assessment of the students.
 The assessment is to be conducted for 100 marks.
 The number of credits assigned is 4. Later the marks shall be converted into
grades andgrade points to include finally in the SGPA and CGPA.
 The weightings shall be:
o Activity Log 20marks
o Community Service Project Implementation 30marks
o Mini Project Work 25marks
o Oral Presentation 25marks
 Activity Log is the record of the day-to-day activities. The Activity Log is assessed
on an individual basis, thus allowing for individual members within groups to be
assessed this way. The assessment will take into consideration the individual
student’s involvement in the assigned work.
 While evaluating the student’s Activity Log, the following shall be
considered-
a. The individual student’s effort and commitment.
b. The originality and quality of the work produced by the individual student.
c. The student’s integration and co-operation with the work assigned.
d. The completeness of the Activity Log.
 The assessment for the Community Service Project implementation
shall include thefollowing components and based on Weekly Reports.

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Outcomes Description:
a. Details of the Socio-Economic Survey of the village/habitation.
b. Problems identified.
c. Community Awareness Programs organized.
d. Suggested Short-Term and Long-Term Action Plan.

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 MARKS STATEMENT
(To be used by the Examiners)
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT STATEMENT

Name Of theStudent:
Program of Study:
Year of Study:
Group:
Register No/H.T.No:
Name of the
College: University:

Maximum Marks
Sl. No Evaluation Criterion Marks
Awarded

1. Activity Log 20
2. Community Service Project Implementation 30
3. Mini Project Work 25
4. Oral Presentation 25
GRAND TOTAL 100

Date: Signature of the Faculty Guide

Certified by

Date: Signature of the Head of the Department/Principal

Seal:

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