CHAPTER 29 LOGARITHMIC DIFFERENTIATION

EXERCISE 153 Page 376

1. Differentiate:

Let y = then = or

2. Differentiate:

Let y = then = = - 3 tan 3x

3. Differentiate:

Let y = then =

4. Differentiate:

Let y = then = =

5. Differentiate:

Let f(x) = then = = =

6. Differentiate:

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Let y = then = =

7. Differentiate: 3

Let f(x) = 3 then = = =

8. Differentiate: 2

Let f(x) = 2 then = = = 2 cot x

9. Differentiate:

Let f(x) = then = =

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EXERCISE 154 Page 378

1. Differentiate: y =

If y = then ln y =

i.e. =

Differentiating w.r.t. x gives:

i.e.

i.e.

2. Differentiate: y =

If y = then ln y =

i.e. =

i.e. =

Differentiating w.r.t. x gives:

i.e.

i.e.
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3. Differentiate: y =

If y = then ln y =

i.e. =

i.e. =

Differentiating w.r.t. x gives:

i.e.

i.e.

4. Differentiate: y =

If y = then ln y = =

= 2x + ln(cos 3x) - ln(x - 4)

Differentiating w.r.t. x gives:

i.e.

i.e.

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5. Differentiate: y = 3 sin  cos 

If y = 3 sin  cos  then ln y = =

= ln 3 + ln θ + ln(sin θ) + ln(cos θ)

Differentiating w.r.t. θ gives:

i.e.

i.e.

6. Differentiate: y =

If y = then ln y =
= ln 2 + ln + ln(tan x) – 2x ln e – ln(ln 2x)

= ln 2 + 4 ln x + ln(tan x) – 2x(1) – ln(ln 2x)

Differentiating w.r.t. x gives:

i.e.

i.e.

7. Evaluate when x = 1 given y =

If y = then ln y = =

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 = 2ln(x + 1) + ln(2x-1) - ln(x + 3)

Differentiating w.r.t. x gives:

i.e.

i.e.

When x = 1, =

8. Evaluate , correct to 3 significant figures, when  = given y =

If y = then ln y =

Differentiating w.r.t.  gives:

i.e.

When ,
= 5.673935[1 + 1 – 3.18309886]

= - 6.71, correct to 3 significant figures.

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EXERCISE 155 Page 379

1. Differentiate with respect to x: y = x

Since y = x then ln y = ln x = 2x ln x

Differentiating w.r.t. x gives: by the product rule

i.e.

i.e.

2. Differentiate with respect to x: y = (2x - 1)

Since y = then ln y = ln = x ln(2x – 1)

Differentiating w.r.t. x gives: by the product rule

i.e.

i.e.

3. Differentiate with respect to x: y=

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y= = and ln y =

Differentiating w.r.t. x gives: by the product rule

and

i.e.

4. Differentiate with respect to x: y = 3x

Since y = 3x then ln y = ln 3x = ln 3 + ln x = ln 3 + (4x + 1)ln x

Differentiating w.r.t. x gives: by the product rule

i.e.

i.e.

5. Show that when y = 2x and x = 1, =2

and ln y =

Differentiating w.r.t. x gives: by the product rule

i.e.

When x = 1, =2

6. Evaluate when x = 3

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Let y = then ln y =

Differentiating w.r.t. x gives: by the quotient rule

and

i.e.

=
When x = 3,

7. Show that if y = and  = 2, = 6.77, correct to 3 significant figures.

If then ln y =

Differentiating w.r.t.  gives: = 1 + ln  using the product rule

and

When , = 6.77, correct to 3 significant figures.

EXERCISE 156 Page 380

1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (c)

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