LISTA 2

1. Matriz Inversa


3
1.1. S A um mtrz 3 × 3. Supon qu X = −2 ́ solu̧̃o o
1
sstm lnr AX = 0. A mtrz A possu nvrs? Justqu.
1.2. S possı́vl nontr  nvrs   um s mtrzs qurs:
 
  1 1 1 1  
1 2 3 1 2  1 2 3
−1 2
A =  1 1 2 B =  1 −1 C = 1 1 2
2 1
0 1 2 0 1 1
1 3 3 2
 
1 1 0
1.3. Enontr toos os vlors  a pr os qus  mtrz A = 1 0 0
1 2 a
tm nvrs.
   
−1 3 2 −1 2 5
1.4. S A = B = , lul (AB)−1 .
1 3 3 −2
   
−1 2 3 5
1.5. Rsolv o sstm AX = B, s A = B= .
4 1 3

1.6. Mostr qu (At )−1 = (A−1 )t pr to mtrz qur A.
 
a b
1.7. S A = um mtrz qur  supon qu ad − bc ̸= 0.
c d
Mostr qu  nvrs  A xst  stsz:
 
−1 1 d −b
A = 
ad − bc −c a
O númro det(A) := ad − bc ́ mo determinante  A.

2. Determinantes

2.1. S t(A) = −3, lul

(a) t(A2 ) (b) t(A−1 ) (c) t(At )

2.2. S t(A) = −2  t(B) = 3, lul t(At B −1 ).

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2.3. Clul o trmnnt   um s mtrzs sunts usno

opr̧õs lmntrs pr trnsorm́-ls m mtrzs trnulrs
suprors.
   
1 −2 3 1 2 2 3 1
 5 −9 6 3 1 0 1 1
(a) 
−1 2 −6 −2
 (b) 
0

2 1 0
2 8 6 1 0 1 2 3
 
x1
2.4. Dtrmn toos os vlors λ  R ts qu xst X = x2  ̸= 0 tl
x3
qu AX = λX on
 
  2 2 3 4
2 −2 3 0 2 3 2
(a) A = 0 3 −2 (b)  0 0 1 1

0 −1 2
0 0 0 1
 
A B
2.5. Um mtrz  orm on A ́ mtrz qur n × n, C ́
0 C
mtrz qur m × m  B mtrz n × m ́ m um matriz
em blocos. É so qu pr tl mtrz m loo vl
 
A B
t = t(A) t(C)
0 C
Us st to pr lulr o trmnnt 
 
1 3 1 −1 1
2 7 1 0 2
 
−1 −4 1 5 1
 
0 0 0 1 2
0 0 0 2 3