Kolkata-class destroyer

The "Kolkata class" (Project 15A) are a class of

stealth guided-missile destroyers constructed for the
Indian Navy. The class comprises three ships –
Kolkata, Kochi and Chennai, all of which were built by
Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL) in India, and are the
largest destroyers to be operated by the Indian Navy.
Due to delays in construction and sea trials, the initial
commissioning date of the first ship of the class was
pushed back from 2010 to 2014.[13][14]

The destroyers are a follow-on of the Project 15 Delhi- INS Kolkata at exercise Malabar, 2020.
class destroyers, but are considerably more capable due Class overview
to major improvements in the design, the addition of
Name Kolkata class
substantial land-attack capabilities, the fitting-out of
modern sensors and weapons systems, and the Builders Mazagon Dock Limited
expanded use of net-centric capability such as Operators Indian Navy
Cooperative Engagement Capability.[15][16][17][18][19] Preceded by Delhi class
Succeeded by Visakhapatnam class
Design Cost ₹11,662 crore (equivalent to
The Kolkata class share similar dimensions to the ₹190 billion or US$2.3 billion
previous Delhi class, however they have 2,363 in 2023) for three ships (FY
modifications which include major upgrades in 2014)
weaponry, sensors and helicopter systems.[20] With a ₹3,887 crore (equivalent to
standard displacement of 6,800 t (6,700 long tons; ₹62 billion or US$780 million
7,500 short tons) and a full-load displacement of 7,400 t in 2023) per ship (FY 2014)
(7,300 long tons; 8,200 short tons), they are the largest Built 2003–2015
destroyers ever operated by the Indian Navy.[2] Some
In commission 2014–present
media reports have even given a full-load displacement
of 7,500 t (7,400 long tons; 8,300 short tons).[1] These Planned 3
are the first stealth destroyers built by India and marked Completed 3
a significant development in India's shipbuilding Active 3
technology. The ships incorporate modern weapons and
General characteristics
sensors, and have an advanced information warfare
Type Guided-missile destroyer
suite, an auxiliary control system with a sophisticated
power distribution architecture, and modular crew Displacement 7,400 t (7,300 long tons;
quarters.[21] 8,200 short tons) full
load[1][2][3]
The class have a length of 163 m (534 ft 9 in), a beam Length 163 m (534 ft 9 in)
of 17.4 m (57 ft 1 in) and a draught of 6.5 m (21 ft
Beam 17.4 m (57 ft 1 in)
4 in). The ship's power and propulsion features a
combined gas and gas system utilizing four DT-59 Draught 6.5 m (21 ft 4 in)
reversible gas turbines. This configuration allows the Propulsion Combined gas and gas
ship to reach speeds in excess of 30 knots (56 km/h; system: 4 × Zorya-
35 mph).[22] Aviation facilities include a large flight Mashproekt DT-59 reversible
deck, which was re-designed to handle larger gas turbines (https://www.linq
helicopters than the Delhi class, and an enclosed hangar uip.com/device/4048/marine-
for up to two maritime helicopters.[20] gas-turbine-ugt16000r-dt59)
producing 16.55MW each[4][5]
Speed 30 knots (56 km/h)
Range 6,000 nmi (11,000 km) at
18 kn (33 km/h)
Complement 50 officers and 250
ratings[6][7]
Sensors and Radar :-
processing IAI EL/M-2248 MF-STAR S-
The EL/M-2248 MF-STAR AESA is systems band AESA multi-function
the primary radar of the Kolkata
radar[8]
class
Thales LW-08 D-band air
search radar[9]
The primary radar sensor of the class is the EL/M-2248
Garpun Bal (3TS-25E) radar
MF-STAR multi-mission AESA.[8] It is also equipped [10]
with Thales LW-08 long range volume search radar.
Sonar :-
The ship's main air-defence armament is composed of BEL HUMSA-NG bow sonar
four eight-cell vertical launching systems (VLS) BEL Nagin active towed array
allowing for up to thirty-two Barak 8 / MRSAM air sonar[11]
defence missiles.[23]
Combat Suite :-
The class is designed for network-centric warfare such BEL EMCCA Mk4 combat
as Cooperative Engagement Capability, where they management system[8]
operate wide-area air defense, distributing assets and Electronic BEL Ellora electronic support
control over different platforms and locations, and warfare measures[12]
harnessing multiple sensors & effectors into a single air & decoys Decoys :-
defense system. In May 2019, 2 ships of the class
conducted the maiden cooperative engagement firing of 4 × Kavach decoy launchers
the Barak 8 / MRSAM by using the Joint Taskforce 2 × Maareech torpedo-
Coordination (JTC) mode to intercept several countermeasure systems[12]
simultaneous aerial targets involving two complex Armament Anti-air warfare :-
scenarios at extended ranges. With it, the Indian Navy
4 × 8-cell VLS, for a total of
became the second naval service in the world after the
32 Barak 8 surface-to-air
United States, and the first in Asia to have developed
missiles
and deployed it. The capability is to be rolled out on all
Anti-surface warfare :-
future major warships of the Indian Navy.[16]
2 × 8-cell VLS, for 16
Four AK-630 CIWSs are fitted for close-in defence. BrahMos anti-ship missiles
Anti-submarine warfare :-
The supersonic BrahMos anti-ship and land-attack 4 × 533 mm (21 in) torpedo
missiles are the primary offensive armament of the tubes
Kolkata class.[24] The BrahMos missiles are fitted into 2 × RBU-6000 anti-submarine
a 16-cell Universal Vertical Launcher Module (UVLM) rocket launchers
allowing one missile per launch silo, and all 16 missiles Guns :-
can be fired in salvo.[25]
1 × OTO Melara 76 mm naval
The class carries a 76 mm (3 in) naval gun located gun
forward of the bridge, which provides limited anti- 4 x AK-630 CIWS
shipping capability and anti-air capability in addition to Aircraft 2 × Sea King or HAL Dhruv
its naval gun fire-support role for land-based operations. carried helicopters

A bow-mounted sonar HUMSA-NG (hull-mounted Aviation Dual Enclosed hangar

sonar array – new generation) is carried for sub-surface facilities
surveillance.

For anti-submarine warfare, the Kolkata class are equipped with a torpedo launching system via four
torpedo tubes and two RBU-6000 anti-submarine rocket launchers.[26]

BEL's Electronic Modular Command & Control Applications (EMCCA) Mk4 provides combat
management.[8]

Forty lakh (four million) lines of codes have been written to develop the advanced combat management
system onboard INS Kochi. The system is designed so that all the data about the surrounding threat comes
in one place, along with analysis of the kind of threat. The system also advises the commanding officer
about the kind of weaponry he should use to tackle the threat in real time.[27] The ship is equipped with
sophisticated digital networks, such as Asynchronous Transfer Mode based Integrated Ship Data Network
(AISDN), Combat Management System (CMS), Automatic Power Management System (APMS) and
Auxiliary Control System (ACS). The AISDN is the information highway on which data from all the
sensors and weapon ride. The CMS is used to integrate information from other platforms using an
indigenous data-link system to provide Maritime Domain Awareness. The intricate power supply
management is done using APMS, and remote control and monitoring of machinery is achieved through the
ACS.[28]

Development
In 1986, the Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs (CCPA) approved a follow-on class of the earlier
Project 15 Delhi-class destroyers. The aim was that the follow-on class would incorporate a higher level of
air-defence, land attack, anti-submarine, and anti-ship capabilities than the preceding class. However, the
Indian Navy did not initially take up the option.[29] By the year 2000, the Indian Navy had redesigned the
follow-on Kolkata class to incorporate even higher levels of technology (including modern stealth
characteristics) and in May of that year, approval for the construction was given. The concept and function
for Project 15A was framed by the navy's Directorate of Naval Design, while the detailed design was
developed by Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL).[30][31][32]

Initially in 2008, the total program cost with long-term spare parts was expected to cost ₹3,800 crore
(US$480 million),[30] but the construction costs escalated about 225%, and by 2011, cost of the program
became ₹11,662 crore (US$1.5 billion), with each ship costing ₹3,900 crore (US$490 million).[33] The
Defense Minister A. K. Antony cited the causes being the delay in supply of warship-grade steel by Russia,
increase in costs of Russian specialists due to inflation during the build period, wage revision due from
October 2003 and delay in finalisation of cost of weapons and sensors.[34][35] A Comptroller and Auditor
General of India report published in 2010 blamed the Navy for delays, criticising the late decisions for
replacement of surface to air missile system with Barak, change of gun mount, inclusion of a sonar dome
and modification of helicopter hangar to accommodate HAL Dhruv.[20][36]

Construction
Construction of three Kolkata-class ships was sanctioned by the Government of India in May 2000, and
steel for the lead ship was cut in March 2003. Construction began in September 2003 at Mazagon Docks,
Mumbai, with an initial expectation that the first of the class would be handed over to the navy by 2010.
However, since then the Kolkata class has suffered consecutive delays, slow construction procedures, and
technical problems, which saw the first ship of the class enter service during mid-2014. The delays in the
construction programme have been attributed to persistent design changes made by the Indian Navy to
incorporate new weapons systems and sensors, failure by a Ukrainian shipyard to deliver the ship's
propellers and shafts, and the contract later being awarded to a Russian firm,[37] and finally the delay in the
delivery of the Barak 8 anti-air missiles.[38]

The Kolkata class are the largest destroyers ever to be constructed at Mazagon Docks.[39] Technical
problems were found during the sea trials of the lead ship Kolkata, which delayed the project by six months
to early 2014.[13]

Ships of the class

Yard
Name Pennant Builder Laid Down Launched Commissioned Homeport Status
No.

26
[40] 30 March 16 August
Kolkata D63 701 September
2006[42][43] 2014[44]
2003[41]

Mazagon 18
[40] 25 October 30 September
Kochi D64 702 Dock September Mumbai Active
2005[45] 2015[46]
Limited 2009[45]
21
[47] 1 April 21 November
Chennai D65 703 February
2010[39] 2016[14]
2006[48]

Gallery
Kolkata with Vikrant (R11) Kolkata alongside Chennai with JS Kaga
during sea trial USS Sterett during Exercise during JIMEX 2020.
Malabar 2020.

INS Kolkata at Mombasa, INS Kolkata and INS Chennai with

Kenya. HMS Defender during an JS Ikazuchi.
exercise.

INS Chennai during Malabar INS Chennai and JS INS Kochi.

2020. Ikazuchi during JIMEX
2020.

See also
List of active Indian Navy ships
 List of naval ship classes in service
Future of the Indian Navy
Project 17A-class frigate – A planned frigate class of the Indian Navy.

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External links
Kolkata-class destroyer – Bharat Rakshak (https://web.archive.org/web/20101227011444/htt
p://bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Ships/Future/192-Project-15a.html)
Aegis Vessels of the World – Kolkata-class (http://www.freewebs.com/jeffhead/aegisvessels
oftheworld/kolkata.htm) – details on the specifications of the ship and recent images of INS
Kolkata at sea.
INS Kolkata (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ArgcNUD8xLQ) on YouTube

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