DISASTER READINESS AND RISK

REDUCTION: BASIC CONCEPT OF

HAZARD
What about hazard?
 Describing hazards and their possible effects
Hazards Description Possible Effects

1. Typhoon

2. Flood

3. Landslide

4. Sinkhole

5. Liquefaction

6. Earthquake

7. Volcanic Eruption
What hazards listed in the
table did you actually
experience?
Describe the situation of the
households and communities
when these hazards occur?
Terminology: Hazard
 Hazard is a dangerous phenomenon,
substance, human activity or condition
that may cause loss of life, injury or
other health impacts, property damage,
loss of livelihood and services, social
and economic disruption, or
environmental damage.
United Nations Office for Disaster
Risk Reduction (UNDRR)
 What is the
difference
between a hazard
and a disaster?
A hazard has only the potential to
cause destruction or negative
impacts to life and property,

whereas a disaster is a hazard

that already occurred and already
caused destruction and
devastating impacts.
Classification of Hazards
Natural Hazards
Quasi-natural
Hazards
Man-made/Human-
induced/Anthropogenic
Hazards
 In other references, hazards can be classified into these three
categories:

Technological Environmental
Natural Hazards Degradation
Hazards
Natural Hazards
are naturally occurring phenomena
or processes. Natural hazards can be
classified into three categories:

● Geologic Hazards
● Hydrometeorological Hazards
● Biological Hazards
Technological Hazards
are man-made hazards caused by
technological, infrastructure, or
industrial accidents or failures.

● Nuclear explosion
● Industrial pollution
● Vehicular accidents
Environmental Degradation
processes caused or induced by
human activities or in combination
with natural hazards.

● Deforestation
● Pollution
● Ozone depletion
Types of Hazards
 Types of Hazards

Rapid or sudden onset

Slow onset hazards
hazards
hazards that have early signs or hazards that occur or strike
indicators before its occurrence. without any prior signs or
warnings.
Impacts of Various Hazards
 01
Physical Impact
death and injuries (casualties) of people, and
destruction or damages to properties and
infrastructures.
 02
Psychological Impact
psychological trauma, chronic anxiety, depression,
and other emotional and mental disorders.
 03
Socio-cultural Impact
migration, alteration of traditional social status, loss
of cultural identity, ethnic conflicts, sexual abuse and
domestic violence, and changes in lifestyle.
 04
Economic Impact
loss of employment, livelihood and property/land.
 05
Environmental Impact
contamination, loss of forests and natural rivers.
 06
Biological Impact
spread of epidemic diseases to people, flora and
fauna.
Let’s Classify
Hazards!
 Hydrometeorological Impacts to People and Environment

1. 1.
2. 2.

Geological

1. 1.
2. 2.
Biological

1. 1.
2. 2.
Man-Made

1. 1.
2. 2.