SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS

1.M.Sujitha, 2.N.Daya, 3.T.Guruchandana 4.P.Sandhya

III ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
TLE: Satellite com
entered a period of renewed interest motivated by technological
advances and nurtured through private investment and ventures.
The present survey aims at capturing the state of the art in
SatComs, while highlighting the most promising open research
topics. Firstly, the main innovation drivers are motivated, such
as new constellation types, on-board processing capabilities, non-
terrestrial networks and space-based data collection/processing.
Secondly, the most promising applications are described i.e. 5G
integration, space communications, Earth observation, aeronauti-
cal and maritime tracking and communication. Subsequently, an
in-depth literature review is provided across five axes: i) system
aspects, ii) air interface, iii) medium access, iv) networking, v)
testbeds & prototyping. Finally, a number of future challenges
and the respective open research topics are described.
Index Terms—satellite communications, space-based data col-
lection, 5G integration, non-terrestrial networks, new constella-
tions, on-board processing, air interface, MAC protocols
A satellite is a body that passes around some other body in a mathematically foreseeable
path which is often called an Orbit. A communication satellite is nothing but a microwave
repeater station in space that plays a significant role in telecommunications, radio, and
television along with internet applications. Here's some satellite history for you: the Soviet
Union was the first country to launch an artificial satellite into space. The satellite was named
Sputnik and launched on 4th October 1957. Sergei Korolev was its chief designer. The satellite
is structured such that it can power itself. The solar panels on the satellite generate solar power
to run the satellite. The power is supplied to the propulsion system which has rockets to propel
the satellite forward. Satellite communication is the technique of conveying data from one place
to another using a communication satellite in the earth’s orbit. Watching your favorite movies
or TV shows would have been impossible without this. A communication satellite is a mock or
artificial satellite that is responsible for transmitting a signal using a transponder by creating a
channel between the transmitter and the receiver which are located in two entirely different
locations on earth. The high frequency radio waves used for telecommunications links travel
by line of sight and so are obstructed by the curve of the Earth. The purpose of communications
satellites is to relay the signal around the curve of the Earth allowing communication between
widely separated geographical points. Communications satellites use a wide range of radio
and microwave frequencies. To avoid signal interference, international organizations have
regulations for which frequency ranges or "bands" certain organizations are allowed to use. This
allocation of bands minimizes the risk of signal interference.

Unlocking the Potential of Wireless Sensor Technology

A. Monisha C. Jeevitha
II ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, P.Kothakota
 ABSTRACT
A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless network consisting of spatially distributed
autonomous devices using sensors to cooperatively monitor physically or environmental
conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants, at different
locations. A collection of sensing devices that can communicate wirelessly. Even though
wireless sensors has limited resources in memory, computation power, bandwidth, and energy.
With small physical size. It can be embedded in the physical environment. Self-Organizing
multi-hope ad-doc networks. Reliable Trust and Reputation of a node stands for the measure of
trust over a certain period of time which can be useful to evaluate the risk of attack from that
particular node. Nowadays, Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are getting more and more
involved in our society, researchers and manufacture. As the use of WSNs increases the more
challenges rise to make them immune and life longer. Therefore, both fields industry and
academia invest money to improve the capability of the security integrity, confidentiality, and
authentication. Since WSNs are distributed in unfrequented and abandoned venues, the
physical security is unconcerned or less concern.

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ELECTRONIC’S
1. P N Indupriya 214M1A0467

II ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
Abstract: The advances in nanotechnology have brought new tools to the field of electronics
and sensors. New designed materials offer new and unique properties enabling the development
and cost efficient production of state-of-the-art components that operate faster, has higher
sensitivity, consume less power , and can be packed at much higher densities. Numerous
products based on nanotechnology have been reaching the market for some years, all the way to
end users and consumers. For instance, at the nano-scale, the resistance dependence of a
material on an external magnetic field is significantly amplified, which has led to the fabrication
of hard disks with a data storage density in the gigabyte and terabyte ranges. Nanotechnology
has also enabled the development of sensors suitable for measurements at the molecular level
with an unprecedented sensitivity and response time, mainly due to their high surface to volume
ratio.

WIRELESS SENSOR TECHONOLOGY

1.204m1a0467 : M.Jeniliya 2.204m1a0494 : P.Vaishnavi

3.204m1a04A7 : S.Mayuri 4.204m1a04B7 : T.Lahari

III ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
 Wireless sensors gather data about local conditions and share findings with other
powerful components or platforms for further processing. Sensors are typically distributed
across large geographic areas and programmed to communicate with central hubs, gateways,
and servers. One major advantage of wireless sensors is they require a low level of maintenance
and a small amount of power to function. Sensors can support IoT applications for years before
needing a battery change or charge. When it comes to building wireless networks, one of the
biggest questions developers face is how to arrange wireless sensors in the field. Sensors, or
“nodes,” must be distributed in such a way that supports the overarching objective of the
network developer.
 SMART FARMING WITH AUTOMATICAGRICULTURAL
ROBOT MODEL USING IOT
1. G. Sai Madhan 2. K. Murali Mohan
.1,2 IV ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota.

ABSTRACT
Agriculture is a time consuming as well as labour demanding sector nowadays. Traditional
methods of agriculture will lead to huge losses to farmers both in productivity as well as
financially. This paper focused on the development of an novel model named Smart Farming
with Automatic Agricultural Robot Model which can execute the operations like digging the
soil, planting seeds, and watering with more precision and Agriculture is a time consuming
aswellaslabourdemandingsectornowadays.Traditionalmethodsofagriculture will lead to huge
losses to farmers both in productivity as well as financially. This paper focused on the
development of an novel model named Smart Farming with Automatic Agricultural Robot
Model which can execute the operations like digging the soil, planting seeds, and watering
with more precision and accuracy with the help of robotics and automation. This will be a
solution to the time constraints and labour issues and it helps to achieve a higher rate of
production. Agricultural Robot Model is a four wheeled robot integrated with Arduino. The
ultrasonic sensor interfaced to Arduino senses the edge of the field and helps in the automatic
movement of the robot. The device an be operated by providing input through an android
application. The values like distance between the seeding, direction to which the robot turns
at first, the number of seeds to be planted in one hole, etc. are given as the initial inputs to
make the robot starts functioning. Agricultural Robot Model will also help to reduce the
usage of petroleum products in the agriculture sector and thereby reducing environmental
pollution. Agriculture, Agrobot aims to give a hand to the farmers through an automated seed
planting machine which can increase the grow thin the agricultural sector. The operations
like drilling, seeds owing, watering, and fertilizing can be executed by using a single robot
called Agrobot, hence it can be considered as the best solution to the problems raised due to
the unavailability of labours and increased labour charges and with the advent of automation
in agriculture, it is possible to increase the production in a very short time.
 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
1.S. Divya -214M1A0486 2. P.D.Supriya

II ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
Satellite communication has recently entered a period of renewed interest motivated by
technological advances Rand nurtured through private investment an ventures. The present
survey aims at capturing the state of the art in Satellite communication, while highlighting the
most promising open research topics. Firstly, the main innovation drivers are motivated, such as
new constellation types, onboard processing capabilities, non-terrestrial networks and space-
based data collection/ processing. Secondly, the most promising applications are described, i.e.,
5Gintegration, space communications, Earth observation, aeronautical and maritime tracking and
communication. Subsequently, an in-depth literature review is provided across five axes: i)
system aspects, ii) air interface, iii)medium access, iv) networking, v) test beds & prototyping.
Finally, a number of future challenges and the respective open research topics are described.

SEGMENTATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF MELONAM

SKIN CANCER USING DEEP LEARNING TECHNIQUES
1.L.Priya 2.S.Nandhini

IV ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
In this work, Skin cancer is the uncontrolled growth of strange skin cells. It occurs when
unrepaired DNA damages to skin cells triggers mutations, or genetic defects, that lead the skin
cells to multiply readily and form malignant tumors. Image processing is a commonly used
method for skin cancer detection from the appearance of affected area on the skin. The ultimate
aim of this paper is to implement cost-effective emergency support systems, to process the
medical images. Which are calculated using MATLAB from skin cancer images intending to
developing diagnostic algorithms that might improve triage practices in the emergency
department. Here in this project, we will classify skin cancer using Convolutional Neural
Networks (CNN). Experimental results show that this model is better than Support Vector
Machine (SVM) feature classifier a machine learning technique. This classification method
proves to be more efficient for the skin cancer classification.

IOT BASED HOME SECURITY SYSTEM

USING RASPBERRY PI
1. G.Deepika 2.K.Roopa 3.K.Delish
IV ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
The latest advances in computer vision are making our life more automated its algorithms
can run homes, drive cars, make diagnosis, and assist people in many other ways. The Home
Security system provides security for the home from the intruders. This is done by using image
Processing algorithms i.e., Face detection Algorithms and the face recognition algorithms. These
Algorithms are used to check whether the person trying to enter into the house is authorized or
not. If the person is authorized then the door will be automatically opened , if the person is
unauthorized then this system will lead to initiate an automatic video call with the user to see
who is standing by the door. The system also allows wireless home automation by providing the
choice to lock/unlock the door through a mobile application. Overall, the movement will be
detected by PIR sensor that is connected to Raspberry Pi ,then the detection and the recognition
algorithms will run.

ACCIDENTS PREVENTION AND AUTOMATIC GATE

CONTROLS IN RAILWAYS USING GSM

1. E.Indira 2.K.Manjula
IV ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
Railway accident prevention and protection are a Important part of a wider picture of
transport safety. The Railway accident can be prevented by the help of auto break system in case
accident occurs then auto response system to higher authorities. Governments, the rail industry
and road organizations have been implementing a variety of countermeasures for many years to
improve railway safety. These actions are substantial and have resulted in a continuing decrease
in the number and the severity of accidents. This paper presents existing suitable techniques that
are used in the preventative measures targeted to reduce railway suicides, trespassing and level
crossing user accidents. It describes them in terms of their capability to effectively reduce
accidents, their cost-effectiveness and their integration within the railway transport system as a
whole.

IOT BASED COAL MINE SAFETY MONITORING AND

ALERTING SYSTEM

1.G.UDAY KIRAN(194M1A0440) 2 . D.BHARGAVI(194M1A0425)

IV ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
Coal mines are one of the most important and industries in the country, as they are used
as fuel in the steel and cement industries to extract iron from the stone and create cement. Every
parameter, such as methane gas, high temperature, fire incidents, etc., should be regularly
checked in the underground mining business. Due to the complexity of the mining environment
and the variety of activities performed in coal mines, it is important to monitor the working
environment. To address this issue, there is a system that monitors basic safety measures and
regulates many restrictions on coal mines, such as gas leaks, temperature and humidity
conditions, and fire sensor. All the sensors are assembled into a single unit and then placed in a
coal mine.

SMART FOREST MANAGEMENT: ANTI SMUGGLING AND

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING USING IOT

1. I V N Sravan (194M1A0443) 2. B Leelavathi (204M5A0401)

IV ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
The motivation behind this task work is to plan an enemy of pirating framework which is
valuable in Protected Forest regions. The Theft and illicit development of business trees like
Sandalwood, Teak, Sagwan., and so on have been a noteworthy concern. It is additionally a
burglary to Forest Flora and fauna. As concerned residents our belief system is to counteract
such sneaking exercises by utilizing most recent advances. These trees are exorbitant and also
less accessible on the planet. These are use in the medicinal sciences and in addition beauty care
products. In light of titanic dimension of money related with offering of such tree woods piles of
events are going on of cutting of trees and their sneaking. To join such appropriating and to save
the forested spaces the world over some preventive evaluations ought to be passed on. We are
ending up such a structure which can be used to tie this appropriating.

AUTOMATED DRIVING LICENSE AUTHENTICATION

SYSTEM
1.K. Charan (194M1A0444) 2.G. Dhanalakshmi(194M1A0436)

IV ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
The issue of vehicle hijacking or car theft due to easy access to vehicle’s functional
system can be reduced by using a biometric system. The starting of vehicle’s engine as the
necessity of protection and access restriction in many luxurious assets is now very important.
Biometric systems have in a long time served as a strong security system in many different
applications and it will be implemented in automobile industry. Biometric system is a
technological system that uses information about a person to identify such the person

SIXTH SENSE TECHNOLOGY

1.P.PAVANI (224M5A0408) 2. D.POOJITHA(224M5A0401)

II ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT:
Sixth sense is a wearable gesture interface that augment the physical world with digital
world around us it comprises of hardware components connected wirelessly to the computing
device it uses enabling surfaces, walls and physical object as interface. Sixth sense free the
information from confine surface. Thus, making entire world your computer integrating
information into our daily life not only reduce gap between physical and digital world. But also
help us to take right decision and improve our power of knowledge. Goal is to bring part of the
physical world to digital world. In we explained about Sixth sense device its working,
component, history, generation of idea, current state, future vision, application, advantages, and
introduction to new concept Sixth Sense glass.

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ELECTRONICS
1.C.SWATHI - 204M1A0423 2.E.CHARULATHA - 204M1A0437

III ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
The basic reason for presenting this paper is to study te evaluation of nano
electronics. With the evaluation of nano electronics, it is possible to implement a large
circuit on a small area. Nano electronics has made it possible to improve te efficiency of
the chip used. Nanotechnology is a field of research and innovation that is concerned
with building materials and devices on the scale of atoms and molecules. It can be said
that nanotechnology refers to the technology that operates at the nanometre level.

REAL-TIME HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM USING

ARDUINO
1.G.P.Veena Reddy(194M1A0432) 2.K.Ganesh(194M1A0448)

IV ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
In India, close to regarding 2 hundredth of the whole population loses their lives because
of interrupted health observance system i.e. in most of the hospitals, doctor visits patients either
in morning shift or in evening shift or in each shifts. What happens if patient's health becomes
important in between that interval or once a doctor isn't on the market with a patient. the solution
is; a patient could lose her\his life. thus to avoid this important situation; we tend to area unit
proposing a sensible embedded system device that monitors patients health ceaselessly. This
system monitors patients pulse rate, vital sign. if any of the on top of parameters goes on the far
side the brink price, this sensible device informs doctors or care taker and kindle corrective
actions to save lots of patients life .Internet of Things (IOT) visualizes a way forward for
something anyplace by anyone at any time. the knowledge and communication technologies
facilitate in making a revolution in digital technology. IOT area unit identified for
interconnecting numerous physical devices with the networks.

IOT Based Respiratory Sound Analysis for Detection Of

Chronic Diseases

1. K. Swathika(194m1a0457) 2.B Charan Sai(194m1a0413)

IV ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
Machine learning and Deep learning have played a vital role in providing assistive
solutions to a medical domain’s challenges. They also improve predictive accuracy for early and
timely disease detection using medical imaging and audio analysis. The early diagnosis and
immediate treatment are crucial in respiratory diseases, and hence the audio of the respiratory
sounds is proving very beneficial along with chest X-rays. In the conducted experiment, we have
used a machine learning library features such as MFCC, Mel-Spectrogram, Chroma, Chroma
(Constant-Q) and Chroma CENS. The presented system could also interpret the severity of the
disease identified, such as mild, moderate, or acute.

ADVANCE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

1.K MAHESH 2. K RUPESHWAR

II ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT

An embedded system is a combination of computer hardware and software designed for

a specific function. Embedded systems may also function within a larger system. The
systems can be programmable or have a fixed functionality. The features of ‘Advanced
Embedded Systems’ provides embedded systems developers the necessary skills to
develop complex embedded systems and enables them to improve their designs by using
the ARM, AVR and PIC microcontrollers. The advanced embedded system helps
developers to understand and utilize advanced components of embedded systems design
 for architecting a complex system in various task oriented systems. The advanced
embedded system aims to introduce students with a range of techniques and
methodologies used in embedded system design through the design and implementation
of a practical project to accomplish an interactive task involving hardware and software
aspects which would be socially helpful for security purposes.

DRIVER'S HEALTH MONITORING AND TRACKING WITH

AUTOMATIC BRAKING SYSTEM
1.K. DURGA PRASAD(194M1A0447) 2. S. HEMA KUMAR (204M5A0403)
IV ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
Recent automobile vehicles require additional safety features to enhance the active safety.
Due to lack of safety systems in vehicles road accidents are on the rise. The major cause of
collision far 80% of accidents is drivers fault as cited by the ministry of road accidents of India.
The current research work is carried out to analyze the fault of the driver and to measures the
health condition of the driver by placing heartbeat sensor and temperature sensor. At present,
many automakers are paying attention to develop vehicles with IoT enabled including healthcare,
accident prevention, vehicle safety, driver safety, driver and passenger comfort, vehicle
monitoring, etc. This paper focused on reviewing the recent developments in driver's health and
comfort monitoring through IoT.

THE SMART AGRICULTURAL ROBOT FOR SPRAYING

PESTICIDE WITH IMAGE PROCESSING BASED DISEASE
CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUE

G.JAHNAVI(194M1A0431) D.K.VENUPRIYA(194M1A0422)

IV ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
 India is the farmland with a population of three fourths in agriculture. In accordance with
the climate and other resources accessible to them, farmers will grow multiple plants in their
field. Disease is recognized in crops as the shift or deficiency of the plants ordinary functions
that will generate certain symptoms. The disease that causes agents in plants is mainly defined
as any agent’s pathogens Most of these pathogenic agents signs are seen in the leaves, stems and
branches of the crops. Consequently, the diagnosis of disease and the proportion of disease
produced in crops. This can be done through taking input images using camera, analyzing them
using machine learning process. This displays the disease presented on the leaf, stem or plant.

ADVANCED EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

B.V. SRI HIMAVANI - 214M1A0447

K.ROHITHA -214M1A0448

II ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
A combination of hardware and software which together from component of a large
machine is known as embedded system. Designed for just one specific task, run on its own
without constrain that must be met. An IOT embedded system is an that also has connectivity to
the internet and can therefore communicate with other IOT embedded system. Some smart ideas
about IOT projects like smart mirror, irrigation, air monitoring systems.

RADAR TECHNOLOGY

1. B.Poorna Sai 2.K.Ashok

II ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
Radar is an object detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range,
altitude, direction, or speed of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided
missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. The radar dish or antenna transmits
pulses of radio waves or microwaves which bounce off any object in their path. The object
returns a tiny part of the wave's energy to a dish or antenna which is usually located at the same site as the
transmitter. The modern uses of radar are highly diverse, including air traffic control, radar
astronomy, air-defense systems, systems; marine to locate landmarks and other ships; aircraft
anti-collision systems; ocean surveillance systems, outer space surveillance and rendezvous
systems; meteoro logical precipitation monitoring; altimeter and flight control systems; guided
missile target locating systems; and ground-penetrating radar for geological observations. High-
tech radar systems are associated with digital signal processing and are capable of extracting useful
information from very high noise levels.

IOT BASED AIR AND NOISE POLLUTION MONITORING

SYSTEM

1. G. DEEPTHI 2.K. GNANASEKHAR

IV ECE, VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, P.Kothakota

ABSTRACT
In the present situation Air and Sound pollution is one of the serious and growing issues. Hence
to Monitor the Air and sound pollution, we proposed an Arduino Based Air and Noise pollution
monitoring system over IOT. The proposed method allows to monitor and check live air quality
as well as sound pollution in particular areas. The system used Air sensors which detect (CO,
LPG and Methane) to sense the presence of harmful gases in air, and repeatedly convey the data.
Also, system measures the sound sensor which is used to detect the Intensity of Sound. This
allows authorities to monitor air pollution in different areas and act against it.