SCIENCE OF THE 21ST CENTURY

• THE 21ST CENTURY HAS BEEN MARKED BY REMARKABLE ADVANCEMENTS IN SCIENCE ACROSS
VARIOUS DISCIPLINES.

“THE ROLE OF SCIENCE IN THE 21ST CENTURY”

• to make ourselves free, to observe reality

“10 GREATEST SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES AND INVENTIONS OF 21ST CENTURY”

1) DETECTION OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVES - Scientists considered this as the greatest

discovery of the 21st century.

2) EVIDENCE OF WATER ON MARS - The National Aeronautics and Space Administration

confirmed last September 2015 that there is evidence proving the existence of liquid water
in Mars. Using the imaging spectrometer of NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO),
scientists detected hydrated salts in different locations on Mars.

3) ROBOTIC BODY PARTS - The University of Twente has developed robotic arms that can aid
those individuals affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy. This will allow patients to
amplify residual function in the arm

4) T. REX TISSUE- This soft tissue discovered is preserved because of the iron between the leg
bones. The T.Rex tissue is very essential in determining the physiology of dinosaurs and to
study its cellular and molecular structures. They have found out that dinosaurs are closely
related to big birds, like the ostrich.

5) ADVANCEMENT IN HIV CURE - HIV treatment has been available in Germany for more than
two decades already. Antiretroviral therapy allows HIV/AIDS patients to live longer.
However, no definite cure is still discovered. In 2007, Dr. GeroHütter was the first one to
successfully cure an HIV/AIDS patient named Timothy Ray Brown by transplanting bone
marrow from an HIV-immune patient.
6) SEQUENCING GENOME OF CANCER PATIENT - The Human Genome Project helped scientists
in treating a deadly type of skin cancer and understanding the genes involved in leukemia,
eczema, and diabetes. Now, cancer genome sequencing is integrated into medical care
facilities. It characterizes and identifies DNA or RNA sequences of cancer cells.
7) EXISTENCE OF DARK MATTER - They inferred the presence of dark matter by measuring the
bullet clusters or the location of mass in the collision of galaxies.

8) CREATION OF HUMAN ORGANS - Scientists from Massachusetts General Hospital and

Harvard Medical School have discovered how to regenerate the function of human heart
tissue through adult skin cells. Through stem cells, humans can grow another organ. This is
associated with the regenerative nature of living organisms. Recently, various research all
around the world enables growing fallopian tubes, heart, brain, lung, and kidney, among
others through stem cells.

9) WATER AS FUEL- Through Powerto-Liquid Technology, they can convert water and carbon
dioxide into liquid hydrocarbons which take the form of synthetic diesel, petrol, and
kerosene.

10) FACE TRANSPLANTS - A face transplant is a medical procedure that replaces a person’s face
using the tissues of a dead person.

-This is applicable for people with birth defects or disfigures caused by burns, disease, and
trauma.