Drama – is a composition in prose or verse form that presents a dialogue or pantomime, a story involving conflict or

contrast of character, especially one intended to be acted on the stage.

Elements of Drama
Literary:
1. Initial Incident – the event that “gets the story going”
2. Preliminary Event – takes place before the cation of the play
3. Rising Action – following the initial incident
4. Climax – turning point
5. Falling Action – following the climax
6. Denouement – conclusion
7. Exposition – 5Ws
8. Story Organization – beginning, middle, end
9. Conflict – internal and external struggle
10. Suspense – feeling of uncertainty
11. Language
12. Style – shaping of dramatic material
13. Soliloquy – speech by single actor alone
14. Monologue – along speech made by one actor

Technical Elements
1. Scenery (set) – theatrical equipment
2. Costumes
3. Props – any movable object that appears on stage, used as part of a dramatic production
4. Lights
5. Sound
6. Make-Up – costumes, wigs and body paint; used to transform an actor into a character

Performance Elements
1. Acting – use of face, body and voice to portray characters
2. Character Motivation – reasons for a c character’s behavior
3. Character Analysis – process of examining how the elements of drama are used
4. Empathy – capacity to relate to the feelings of another
5. Speaking – mode of expression; delivery of line
6. Breath Control – proper use of the lungs and diaphragm
7. Vocal Expression – use of his/her voice to convey character
8. Inflection – change in itch of voice
9. Projection – how well the voice carries to the audience
10. Speaking Style – same with speaking
11. Diction – selection and pronunciation of words, clarity of speech
12. Nonverbal Expressions
13. Gestures – any movement of the actor’s body to convey meaning
14. Facial Expression – physical and vocal aspects

Technical definitions
 Parenthetical def. – simpler term with a short description enclosed in parenthesis after the term
 Sentence def. – more complex terms in couple of sentences
 Expanded def. – very detailed explanation using examples and visual

Claim of Fact
- It is a statement of something that has existed (past), exists (present) or will exist (future)
- relies on factual information
- can be proved or disproved with factual evidence
Claim of Value
- likes/dislikes (good or bad)
- that one thing is better than another thing
Claim of Policy (should, must, shouldn’t, must not)
- an action must be taken in specific policies.
- argues that certain conditions should exist, or that something should or should not be done, in order to solve a
problem.
Author. Title of the Book. City of Publication: Publisher, Year. Type of Material.
 Kinney, Jeff. Diary of a Wimpy Kid. New York: Amulet Books, 2008. Print.
 Cast, P.C., Cast Kristin. Chosen. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2008. Print.
Linear texts – reading texts are presented in long, straight lines
 Story  Letter
 Speech  Poem
 Factual passage  Dialogue
 Newspaper report  Narrative
Non-linear texts – graphical; not presented in long, straight lines

Adverb of Affirmation

 Absolutely  definitely
 Affirmatively  exactly
 all right  positively
 alright  doubtlessly
 assertedly  obviously
 certainly  surely
 clearly  truly
 really
 undoubtedly
Adverb of Negation

 invalidly
 contradictory
 almost
 not
 never
 rarely