Goals of nursing and related

concepts
 Define basic human needs
Basic human needs can be defined list of
minimal elements that human being
required for life and strive for attaining
them.
Maslow's (1954)developed the theory of
basic human needs.
Maslow's Hierarchy
Maslow believe that every individual is born
with certain potentials and capabilities
and with the highest need is the
realization of these abilities.
When need is realized then human strive to
fulfill those needs and after their
fulfillment an upper level of needs come
in the view of an individual.
2.Discuss basis of nursing practice
• Nursing practice involves four areas
1.Promoting health and wellness.
Wellness is a state of wellbeing.It means
engaging in attitudes and behavior that enhance
the quality of life and maximize personal
potential.
Nurses promote wellness in clients who are both
healthy and ill. This may involve individual and
community activities to enhance healthy lifestyle,
such as exercise and improving nutrition.
2.Preventing illness:
• Nurses involve in making the clients behavior in
preventing illness e.g. withdrawing smoking.
3.Restoring health:
• Providing direct care to the ill person, such as
administering medication.
• Performing diagnostic and assessment
procedures such as measuring B.P.
• Consulting with other health care professionals
about client problem.
• Teaching clients about recovery activities, such
as exercise.
• Rehabilitating clients to their optimal functional
level following physical or mental illness.
4.Care of the dying:
• Comforting and providing care to dying
patient of any age (palliative)
Define WHO
• The world Health Organization is a
specialized organization of the UN that is
responsible for international public health.
the main objective of WHO is “the
attainment by all people of the highest
possible level of health.”
• Its headquarter is in Geneva ,
Switzerland ,with six semi autonomous
regional office and 150 field offices
worldwide.
• Main Focus of WHO
• the WHO was established on
7April1948,which is also known as world
health day.
• WHO deal with the pandemics
worldwide, also provide awareness about
certain concerning health issues.
 Main Focus of WHO
• WHO arrange campaigns, seminars,
publications ,research work to bring useful
changes in public health related behavior.
• Providing leadership on matters critical to
health.
• Shaping the research agenda and stimulating
the generation, translation, and dissemination of
valuable knowledge.
• Setting norms and standards.
• Articulating ethical standards.
 Explain model of conceptual
framework of generic BSN program
• The first school of nursing in a
university setting was established at the
Minnesota in1909.
• This program was different from 3-year
hospital program in curriculum and was
therefore considered as superior
diploma program.
• The same university established a
baccalaureate degree in nursing in 1919.
 Cont………
• Most of the year BSN programs were of 5 years
in length, consists of three year basic diploma
program in addition to two years of liberal arts
(natural science, social science, arts and
humanities)
• Today baccalaureate nursing program are
located in collages and universities and are 4 to
5 years in length. The curricula offer courses in
the liberal arts, science ,humanities with nursing.
 Cont………..
• Graduates must fulfill both the degree
requirements of the collage or university and the
nursing program before being awarded
baccalaureate degree. the usual degree
awarded is bachelor of science in nursing(BSN).
• Certain collages or universities demand
completion of one year internship (nursing
practice in hospital setting) for issuance of
degree.
 Cont………..
• After the completion of degree and beginning of
job nurse reap the rewards of autonomy,
responsibility, participation institutional decision
making and career advancement.
• These changes provide an incentive for nurses
with diplomas and associate degree to continue
their formal preparation in baccalaureate
completion (transition, post Rn) program.
 5.Explore nursing and nursing
practice
• According to Florence nightingale nursing
is defined as utilizing the patient's
environment to improve their conditions
and assist in their recovery.
• Nurses enter in practice. They care for
individuals and families ,outpatient clinics,
and medical offices.
• They provide this care after completion of
standardized education and practice.
Hospital based nursing practice
• This is the most familiar form of nursing in
which nurses perform their duties in
clinical setting.
• There are different departments in a
hospital like cardiology, diabetes, dialysis,
labour room, surgery department.
• Nurses with intensive care specialty work
in the sophisticated environment of ICU
and provide care efficiently.
 Different Areas of Nursing Practice
• Community health nursing practice
• Pediatric nursing
• Clinical nursing specialist
• Nurse midwives
• Nurse anesthetists
• Mental health nursing practice
 Define goal of Nursing process
• Nursing process
• The nursing process is a systematic rational
method of planning and providing nursing care.
It involves
• Assessment
• Diagnosis
• Planning
• Implementation
• Documentation
 Goals of nursing process
• Identify clients health care status.
• Identify actual or potential health problem.
• To understand actual client's need.
• To establish a plan to meet those needs.
• To deliver specific nursing intervention to
address those needs.
• To evaluate the fulfillment of those needs
and achievement of desired outcome.
 Identify historical perspective of
Nursing process
• The term nursing process and the framework it
implies are relatively new. Leyding Hall
originated the term in 1955, and Dorothy
Johnson 1959, and Weidenbach 1963 were
among the 1st to use it to refer to a series of
phases describing the process of nursing.
• The use of nursing process in clinical practice
gained additional legitimacy in 1973 when ANA
published standards of nursing.
 Some of common perspective are:
• To provide quality care to the patients,
their families and to the community.
• Assess the client and gather data about
client's health status.
• Identify clients actual or potential health
problem.
• To establish plans to meet those needs.
• Deliver specific nursing interventions.
• Evaluate the goal of desired out comes.