12/02/2024

MODULE NAME : INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2

MODULE CODE : CET12A3

COURSE OUTLINE
BONDINGS
PERIODIC TRENDS
REDOX CHEMISTRY
Text books : Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Edition, by J D Lee
Modern Inorganic Chemistry, 4th Edition, by C.F Liptrot
Basic Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Edition by F A Cotton, G Wilkinson
Inorganic Chemistry 5th Edition by Shriver and Atkin
Advanced inorganic Chemistry volume I by SatyaPrakash, G.D. Tuli, S.K Basu
and R.D Madan.
Introduction to Modern Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Edition by KM Mackay, RA
Mackay and W Henderson
Chemistry- The molecular Nature of matter and Change by Martin Silberberg
LECTURERS : PROF. SO OLUWAFEMI, PROF. X. MBIANDA & Mr. TC LEBEPE
12/02/2024
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY II
COURSE CONTENT
WEEK DATE TOPIC OBJECTIVES
1 12-16, Feb • Pauli Exclusion Principle
• Hund’s Rule
• Electronic configurations and the use of the Periodic Table
Revision • Dia-, para- and ferromagnetism
• atomic radii (ionic radii), effective nuclear charge
• ionization energy and electron affinity
• Electronegativity, electronegativity difference and bond type
• Metals, non-metals, metalloid and noble gases.
2 19-23, Feb Bonding • Types of bonds.
• Transitions between the main types of bonding. Ionic, covalent,
coordinate bond.
• Metallic bonds and Metallic structures
• Comparisons between ionic and covalent compounds with respect to
Melting point, conductivity, solubility, speed of reaction.
3 26 Feb- 01, VSEPR
Mar. • Octet rule and exception to octet rule
• Lewis electron dot structures
26 Feb. 1st Major Tutorial Test • bond formation (bonding pairs and lone pairs)
8.00 -9.00 am • Multiple covalent bonds
• calculating formal charges, resonance structure and resonance
hybrid.
• The effect of lone pairs on bond angles and distortion in inorganic
structures
• electron pair geometry and molecular shapes (VSEPR to predict)
• molecular polarity (net dipole using dipole moment of, for example,
• CO2, H2O, BF3, NH3, Cl2O, CH4, CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CH3Cl3, CCl4, NF3, SF4)
(molecular shapes and dipole moments)
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY II
COURSE CONTENT CONTD
WEEK DATE TOPIC OBJECTIVES
4 04-08 Mar Valence bond Theory • overlap of atomic orbitals and the formation of Sigma and pi bonds
• Hybridization in inorganic molecules
• Drawing of hybrid structures
Molecular orbital theory • Basic Principles, Bonding and antibonding MO’s
(MOT) • Energy level diagram for Homonuclear diatomic molecules.
• Strength of chemical bond: Bond Order, Bond Enthalpy and Bond length
• Molecular orbital configurations.
5 11-15 Mar Redox Chemistry • Oxidation and reduction
• construction of reduction potential diagrams and calculations
• Disproportionation
1st Major Test 18th of March 8.00 -9.30 am

6 18-22 Mar Acid and bases • Aqua acids, hydroxoacids and oxoacids,
• Trends in aqua acid strength
• Pauling’s rules and oxoacids, amphoterism,
• Acidity of metal ions in solution, lewis acids and bases,
• Periodic trends in Lewis or basicity, Reactions of Lewis acids and bases.
• Hard acid and bases.
7 2nd -8th Periodic trend and • General properties of the elements. Size of atoms and ions.
April Lattice energy • Ionisation energies: general trends and anomalies.
• Electrons Affinity- general trends only
• Polarizing power and polarisability- Fajan’s rules
• Horizontal, vertical and diagonal relationships in the periodic table
• The ionic bond, structures of ionic solids, radius ratio rules.
• Calculating of limiting radius ratios. Coordination numbers 4 & 6 only.
• The Born- Haber Cycle and Energy changes involved in the formation an ionic
Lattice.
12/02/2024 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2
CHEMICAL BONDING
REVISION
Pauli's exclusion Principle: No two electrons in an atom can have identical
quantum numbers.
Quantum numbers are integral numbers which describe the energy of an electron in
an orbit, the position ( distance ) of the electron from the nucleus, shape, orientation
and the direction of the spinning of the electron round its own axis.
There are four types of quantum numbers, namely; Principal (n), Azimuthal (l) magnetic
(m) and spin (s)
Principal Quantum number (n): It represents (i) the number of shell or main energy
level in which the electron revolves round the nucleus. N= 1,2,3,4 1= K, 2 = L, 3= M
e.t.c.
(ii) It gives the distance (r) of an electron from the radius (radius of the orbit) given by the
equation Ɛoh2 x n2
Ɛo= permitivity constant, h= planck constant e= charge m=
Π me Z
2 2 mass of electron, n= shell no Z= atomic number and Π = 3.14
This equation shows that as the value of n increases, the electron get further away from the
nucleus.
Assignment: (i) Calculate the distance of Carbon and Silicon electrons from the nucleus. (ii)
which of these has the highest distance and give the reason for your answer.
13/02/2024 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2
CHEMICAL BONDING
REVISION

(iii) n also gives the maximum no of electron that can be accommodated in a given shell.
According to Bohr-Bury scheme, the maximum number of electron in nth shell = 2n2
Azimuthal or Subsidiary (l). It is an integer from n-1, n-2, n-3… to 0. It is related to the
shape of the orbital and is sometimes called the ORBITAL –SHAPE quantum no.
The value of “l” depends on “n” i.e n limits l. when n= 1 l has only one value. 0, when n=
2, l has a values of 1 and 0. when n= 3 l has values of 2,1 and 0.
Each values of l represent a particular sub-shell within the principal shell. l = 0, 1, 2, 3
represents s, p, d and f sub-shell respectively in a principal shell.
The no of l values gives the total number of sub-shells within a given main shell. E.g if n
= 2, l = 1, 0 (two values). This implies that there are two sub-shells namely 2s and 2p in
the second shell. In the third shell, n=3, we have l = 2,1,0 i.e 3s, 3p and 3d
The maximum no of electron that may be accommodated in a given sub-shell is equal to
2(2l+l). Thus s, p, d, f sub-shells can have 2(2x0 + 1) =2, 2(2x1+1)=6, 2(2x2 +1)= 10,
2(2x3 + 1) = 14 electron respectively.