GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF NURSING,

SIKAR.

ADVANCE NURSSING PRACTICE

Helping Relationship, Principal and Techniques of

Counseling

SUBMITTE TO:- SUBMITTEDBY:-

GAUTAM JI PAREEK SUSHIL POONIA
GOVT.COLLEGE OF B.SC. Nursing
NURSING,SIKAR GOVT. COLLEGE OF NURSING, SIKAR
 LESSON PLAN
DETAILS:-
NAME OF STUDENT : MRS. MANOJ KUMARI
NAME OF THE EVALUATOR : MR. ANUPAM PAREEK
NAME OF SUBJECT : ADVANCE NURSING PRACTICE
NAME OF TOPIC : HELPING RELATIONSHIP,PRINCIPAL AND
TECHNIQUES OF COUNSELING
DATE : 19 /07/2023
TIME : 12:00 PM TO 12:45 PM
CLASS : M.SC. (N) PREVIOUS YEAR
DURATION : 50 MINUTES
METHOD OF TEACHING : LECTURE
VENUE : CLASSROOM
A.V.AIDS : PROJECTED (PPT) AIDS,BLACK BOARD

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE:- STUDENTS HAVE THE BASIC KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HELPING RELATIONSHIP,
PRINCIPAL AND TECHNIQUES OF COUNSELING FROM THEIR UNDERGRADUATE SUBJECTS.
 GENERAL OBJECTIVE: At the end of the class group will be able to gain in depth knowledge about helping
relationship, principals and techniques of counseling .

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE:

 Introduce of helping relationship?

 To Define Helping relationship?

 Enlist the characteristics of helping relationship?

 Describe the phases of helping relationship?

S.NO SPECIPIC TIME CONTENT TEACHER A.V.AIDS EVALUATION

LERING
 OBJECTIVE ACTIVITY

1. Introduction INTRODUCTION Student PPT Students will

of helping teacher understand and
relationship 2 min. The helping relationship also known as ; introduces the general
about the introduction of
1. Therapeutic relationship topic and helping
2. Nurse patient relationship students listen relationship.
3. The helping alliance actively.
4. Working alliances
5. Therapeutic alliance
 An interaction between two people (usually a caregiver and a
care receiver) in which input from both participants contributes to a
climate of healing, growth promotion, and/or illness prevention.

2. Definition of DEFINATION
Student
the Helping Helping Relationship teacher
relationship 2 min.
introduces
 Helping is a growth facilitating process in which one person about the Students will
assist others to solve problems and face crisis in the direction the topic and understand and
assisted person chooses. students listen PPT the general
actively. definition of
 Nurse-client relationships are referred to by some as helping
interpersonal relationships, by others as therapy relationships, and relationship.
by others as helping relationships.

Characteristics of Therapeutic Relationship

7 min.  Several characteristics that enhance the achievement of a
therapeutic relationship have been identified. These are followings:

3. Enlist the 1.Rapport

characteristics 2. Trust
of helping 3. Respect
relationship 4. Genuineness
5. Empathy

RAPPORT-

● Establishing rapport is the primary task in relationship development.

● Rapport implies special feelings on the part of both the client and
the nurse based on acceptance, warmth, friendliness, common interest,
a sense of trust, and a non- judgmental attitude. Student
teacher
TRUST – introduces Explain
about the characteristics
●To trust another, one must feel confidence in that person's topic and PPT
presence, reliability, integrity, veracity, and sincere desire to provide students listen .
assistance when requested. actively.

RESPECT –

●To show respect is to believe in the dignity and worth of an

individual regardless of his or her unacceptable behavior.

GENUINENESS –

●The concept of genuineness refers to the nurse's ability to be open,

honest, and "real" in interactions with the client.

EMPATHY –

●Empathy is the ability to see beyond outward behavior and

understand the situation from the client's point of view.

●Accurate empathetic perceptions on the part of the nurse assist the

client to identify feelings that may avoid reversing have been
suppressed or denied.

PHASES OF HELPING RELATIONSHIP

 This relationship process can be described in terms of four

sequential phases, each of which is characterized by
 identifiable skills and abilities. Progression through the stages must
occur in succession, each building on the one before.
Student Explain
i. Preinteraction phase teacher phases of helping
Describe the ii. Introductory phase introduces PPT relationship
phases of iii. Working phase about the
helping 7 min. iv. Termination phase topic and
relationship students listen
4.
1.Preinteraction Phase actively

●It is similar to the planning stage before the interview.

● In most situations, the nurse has the information about the client be
the first face-to-face meeting.

● It may include the client's name, address, age, medical history and
social history.
●Examining one's feelings, fears, and anxieties about working with a
particular client.

2.Introductory Phase/ Orientation phase

● It is also referred to as the orientation phase or the pre
helping phase.
● Creating an environment for the establishment of
trust and rapport.
●Identifying the client's strengths and limitations.
●Setting goals that are mutually agreeable to the
PPT
nurse and client
●Developing a plan of action that is realistic for meeting the
established goals.
● Three stages of introductory phases are:-
►Opening the relationship
► Clarifying the problem
► Structuring and formulating the contract

3.The Working Phase

 ● Responding and exploring
● Maintain the trust and rapport
● Solve the patients problems
● Continuously evaluate the progress towards goal attainment.

4.Termination Phase

● The mutually agreed goals may have been reached.

● The patient may be discharged from hospital.
● Review the progress made.
●Feelings about termination of the relationship are recognized and
explored.
●Both the nurse and client may experience feelings of sadness and
loss.

Conclusion:
Helping relationship increased client understanding of how better
personal responsibility and accountability for health can be achieved
and Perceived satisfaction in the relationships.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE:

 Introduce counseling ?
  To Define & concept of counseling ?

 Explain aim of counseling ?

 Enlist the characteristics of counseling ?

 Write the principles of counseling ?

 Describe phases of counseling ?

 Explain areas of counseling in nursing education?

 Explain skills needed in counseling ?

 Explain techniques of counseling ?

S.NO SPECIPIC TIME CONTENT TEACHER A.V.AIDS EVALUATION

OBJECTIVE LERING
ACTIVITY
 Introduction of 1 min. INTRODUCTION Student PPT Students will
Counseling teacher understand and
1. Counseling means" Mutual consultation" introduces the general
about the introduction of
 Counseling is a talking therapy that involves a trained topic and Counseling.
therapist listening to you and helping you find ways to deal students listen
with emotional issues. actively.
 Counseling is a process of listening to someone and giving
that person advice about their problems.

DEFINATION
Definition &  Counseling is a relationship between a concerned person and a
concept of the 2 min. person with a need. This relationship is usually person to- Student
Counseling person, although, sometimes, it may involve more than two teacher
2. Students will
people. introduces
 "Counseling is a helping relationship, that includes someone about the understand and
seeking help, someone willing to give help who is capable or topic and the general
trained to help, in a setting that permits help to be given and students listen PPT definition &
received." (Cormier and Hackney 1987) actively. concept of
Counseling.
CONCEPT
 An accepted, trusting and safe relationship will be formulated
in which clients will learn to discuss openly their problems, to
acquire the social skills, courage, self- Support confidence and to
implement denied new behaviors.

3 min.
Explain Aim of AIM OF COUNSELLING
3. Counseling
 Aims are depend on the situation and the environment, and
on training. The basic aims of counseling include the Explain Aim of
following ; Counseling
  To help students gain an insight into the origins and PPT
development of emotional difficulties, leading to an increased
capacity to take rational control over feelings and actions.
 To alter maladjusted behavior.
 To assist students to move in the direction of fulfilling their
potential, or achieve an integration of conflicting elements
within themselves.
 To provide students with the skills, awareness and knowledge.
 Helps the students in making appropriate adjustment to
academic environment and occupational world, in home and
in the community.
 Professional and individualized adjustment in the current
situation.
 Identify the individual student's problems and explore
different areas of solution of that problems.

CHARACTERISTICS

4. Enlist the 2 min.  It is a purposeful learning experience for the counselor.

characteristics  It is a purposeful oriented and private the counselor and
of counseling counselee. Student Enlist the
 Based on mutual confidence, satisfactory relationship will be teacher characteristics of
established. introduces PPT counseling.
 Counseling process is structured around the felt needs of the about the
counselor. topic and
 Main emphasis in the counseling process is on the counseling students listen
self-direction and self-acceptance. actively.

QUALITIES OF A GOOD COUNSELOR;

 G-Good technical knowledge.

 O-Obtaining appropriate information from the patient.
 O-Objectively answering questions.
 D-Demonstrating professionalism.
 C-Confidentiality maintenance.
  O-Observant.
 U-Unbiased.
 N-Nonjudgmental.
 S-Sensitive to the needs of the patient.
 E-Empathetic.
 L-Listens carefully.
 O-Open minded).
 R-Respects the rights of the patients you.

PRINCIPLES OF COUNSELLING

5. Write the  Unique: Counseling is unique to an individual.

principles of  Total individual: Counseling is concerned with the "total
counseling 3 min. individual".
 Acceptance: The client should be accepted in all the
Write the
situations and to be fully encouraged to express his/her feelings
principles of
freely. Student PPT counseling
 Restatement: The counselor should enable the counselee to teacher
realize that he is being fully understood and accepted. introduces
 Reassurance: The counselor gives assurance to the client that about the
everything will be kept confidential. topic and
 Clarification: The counselor tries to give correct information students listen
and clarify the doubts of the counselee. actively
 Interpretation: To develop the insight by the counselee, he
understands the unconscious motives that he resolves his inner
conflicts.
 Counseling should be based on a thorough knowledge of
characteristics of the stages of human growth and development.
 Counseling is meant for all those who need help.
 It is not specific to any state of development.
 Counseling is a continuous process.
 It should be based on reliable data.
 Counseling should have a flexible approach.

PHASES OF COUNSELLING
  Phase 1 Establishment relationship
 Begin the phase with adequate social skills. Describe phases of
6. Describe phases 5 min.  Introduce yourself. Student PPT counseling
of counseling  Listen attentively and know the client's name. teacher
 Always address the individual by his/her preferred name. introduces
 Ensure physical comfort. about the
 Do not interrupt the individual while he/she is talking. topic and
 Observe nonverbal communication. students listen
actively
 Phase 2 Assessment
In this, the individuals are encouraged to talk about their problems.
Counselor asks questions, collects information, and seeks his/her
views. It involves:
 Observation
 Enquiry
 Making association among facts
 Recording
 Making educated guesses
 Recording of information should be done systematically
and promptly.

 Phase 3 Setting goals

It involves making a commitment to set-up conditions, a course of
action, or an outcome. The process of setting goals, is
cooperatively done by counselor and the individual. It requires:

 The skill of drawing inference

 Differentiation
 Teaching individual to think realistically.

 Phase 4 Interventions
 The intervention will depend upon the approach used by the
counselor, the problem and the individual.
 The choice of intervention is a process of adaptation; the
counselor should be prepared to change the intervention when the
selected intervention is not working.
  Phase 5 Termination and follow-up
 The counseling services may have to be terminated after the
solution has been found.
 Periodic appraisal of guidance program should be
continuously carried out for its improvement and effective
functioning.

AREAS OF COUNSELING IN NURSING EDUCATION

 Educational
This function of counseling helps the pupils to get maximum
Explain areas of benefit out of education and solve their problems related to Explain areas of
7. counseling in 5 min. PPT counseling in
education, classroom or clinical; specifically, the following
nursing functions are performed: Student nursing education
education  To help pupils to orient themselves to the new purposes teacher
and philosophy of nursing education. introduces
 To help pupils identify the need of education planning. about the
 To help pupils make an appraisal of their own abilities topic and
and interest students listen
 To help pupils develop study habits most appropriate for actively
the study of nursing.
 To orient pupil with clinical field and methods of clinical
learning.
 To help pupils choose specialization according to the
needs and interest.
 To give information about higher education and stimulate
them to consider them carefully.

 Vocational
To help the students to understand their abilities, interest,
values and goals:
 To provide information of occupations-rewards,
opportunities for
advancement and equipment for success in it.
  To help them know about the various programs of
financial assistance scholarships, fellowships for improving
their prospects.

 Health & living conditions

The purposes of counseling in this area are:

 To develop referral services for health guidance, society,

mental and physical.
 To provide sex education.
 To help students develop interest in games and other
activities, which will promote health.

 Personal
Provides advice on personal problems:
 Provides at the right time, hints or suggestions to improve
personal appearance.
 Helps pupils develop inter-personal skills.
 Helps pupils to accept themselves and others.

 Leisure
Counseling function in the area helps the pupil to and opportunities
for creative use of their leisure time.

 Moral, religious & social

Providing and developing learning experiences to inculcate right
ideals and person conduct of living:
 Providing training in correct social convictions.
 Enabling the pupils to inculcate and prorate their values that
Explain skills 2 min. would be beneficial to them and the society.
8. needed in SKILLS NEEDED IN COUNCELLING
counseling Explain skills
 Several skills need to be brought into a one-to-one counseling PPT needed in
session. These include :- counseling
 Attitudinal skills : Student
i. Respect, teacher
 ii. Guidance, introduces
iii. Empathy, about the
iv. Self-disclosure topic and
 Listening skills students listen
 Verbal communication skills actively
 Giving leads
 Supportive behavior of counselor
 Non-judgmental

9. 10 min. TECHNIQUES OF COUNSELING

Explain
techniques of  These techniques help assure good communication with
young people during the counseling session. These are following:-
counseling
 Maintenance of Privacy
 To assure the client of confidentiality so as to promote the Student
effective session without any disturbance. teacher Explain techniques
 Rapport Building introduces of counseling
 To win the confidence of the client so as to establish about the PPT
therapeutic relationship with the client, explore the information. topic and
 The client gains trust and comes forward to explain the inner students listen
feelings and thoughts openly. actively
 Attending Behavior
SHOVELER
S:Face the other Squarely
H: Head nods
O :Adept an Open posture
V:Verbal Following
E:Speech
L:Lean toward the other
E:Make Eye contact
R:Be Relatively relaxed
 Active Listening
 Listening is the important technique.
 Total attention should be paid to what is being said, observe
nonverbal meg sending at encourage the client to talk
 Affirmation
 It is important that counselor shows respect by taking an
accepting attitude.
 But this does not mean that you agree with the ops or actions
and it is okay for you.
 Make it clear that your opinions and moral views are different.
 Empathy
In this the counselor leaves aside his/her own frame of references
and for the time being adopts the frame of references of the client
and then appreciates how the client experiences the events in
his/her world.
 Paraphrasing
 This means restating by the counselor provider in her/his own
words what the client has said so far to check whether it has been Student
correctly understood. teacher
 Often different words are used and the listener may be using introduces
this to draw attention to a particular aspect. about the Explain techniques
 Sometimes paraphrasing is used to clarify topic and PPT
 Questioning of counseling
students listen
 It is a direct method of getting specific clear information from actively
the client.
 Asking the relevant questions in a logical, sequential manner
is important.
 Use of open ended questions, so as to get the depth of
information.
 Focusing
Means concentration on a particular point.
 Confronting
Asking direct questions related to client behavior.
 Linking
It involves linking the client's feelings or events or persons one to
another, to make the client to understand in a better manner the
situation.
 Placing Events in Time Sequence
Encourage the client to organize thoughts, giving clues for
 recurring patterns, to as the counselor will understand the clients
feelings and plan care accordingly.

 Analyzing Option
Nondirective approach in which each option is analyzed and client
is persuaded for necessary action.
 Advice and Suggestion
Try to limit the direct advice that you give during your
conversation. So as to avoid dependency and hostility.
 Summarizing
It is focusing on the main points of a presentation or conversation
in order to highlight them. It helps the client to focus the issue
under discussion.
 Reflection
Directing back to the patient his ideas, feelings, questions and
content. Consists of responses to the client's feelings about the
content and the alternatives available.

Conclusion:
 Effective counseling reduces confusions, allowing the client
to make effective decisions and leading to positive changes in
their attitude and behavior.

 It helps to grow self confidence, understanding self control

and ability to work effectively in an organization

ABSTRACT
Background: Guidance and counseling services in all higher education Institutions cannot be overstated due so
increasingly complexities of modern life that have placed heavy demands and responsibilities on students. This
study tried to assess how Counseling Service Center of higher education institutions (HED) can better serve
students to be successful academically, socially and psychologically.
Methods: Explorative qualitative research was conducted in higher education institutions students. Accordingly,
12 club representatives and secretaries were selected from four campuses purposively. Totally 48 participants for
focus group discussion(FGD) were conducted with each two club representatives such as academic, gender,
welfare, peace students council and discipline clubs. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively on thematic
basis.
Results: The most commonly observed problems in the campus were: academic study skill, time management and
career counseling need), psychological (stress, anxiety, depression drug addiction, sexual related problems, suicide,
and loneliness (homesickness)) and interpersonal relationship (lack of conflict management skill, violence
handling, discrimination, assertiveness, communication) problems.
Conclusion: Students academic, psychological and interpersonal relationship problems can bring about academic
failure among higher education institutions students. The respondents suggested that academic and psychological
problems needs more attention to intervene for students academic success.
Keywords: Assessment, Counseling service; Higher education.

BIBILIOGRAPHY
1. Basavanthapa BT. Nursing Education, 2nd edition. Mumbai, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, 2009.
2. Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb's, 8th edition. Pearson publication, 2006.
3. Fundamentals of Nursing, Potter and Perry, 7th edition. Elsevier Publication. 2009.
4. Mary C. Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing. Townsend, 5th edition. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, 2007.
5.Text book of Advanced nursing practice Navdeep brar - H c rawat, Jaypee brothers, 1st edition
6. Advanced concepts of nursing practice Reddamma gg, Jaypee brothers, 1st edition