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SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

LABORATORY MANUAL

Name: Membrido, Neil S. Date: Score:

Group #: 2

Experiment No: 6
CLIPPERS AND CLAMPERS

TLO 5: Develop skills in connecting the various circuits of clippers and clampers, and after
carrying out well-defined scientific procedures, use the oscilloscope to make observations of
each circuit’s signal waveform.

I. INTRODUCTION

Diodes are specifically useful for signal modification in terms of clipping and clamping.
Clippers Clipping circuits (also known as limiters, amplitude selectors, or slicers), are used to
remove the part of a signal that is above or below some defined reference level. To clip to a
reference level other than zero, a dc source is connected in series with the diode. Depending on
the direction of the diode and the polarity of the battery, the circuit will either clip the input
waveform above or below the reference level.

Clamping circuits, also known as dc restorers or clamped capacitors, shift an input signal
by an amount defined by an independent voltage source. While clippers limit the part of the
input signal that reaches the output according to some reference level(s), the entire input
reaches the output in a clamping circuit– it is just shifted so that the maximum (or minimum)
value of the input is “clamped” to the independent source.

II. MATERIALS/ EQUIPMENT NEEDED

Transformer - 220V: 12V

Two (2) batteries - 9V
Two (2) diodes - Silicon, 1N4001
Resistor - 1KΩ, 1W
Capacitor - 100µF, electrolytic
VOM
Oscilloscope with 2 probes for Dual Function
Connecting leads
Experiment board

III. PROCEDURES

Objective A. To become familiar with the different types of clipper circuits

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1. Examine the clipper circuits given in (1a) to (4d).

Identify and describe each clipper circuit.

Table 1
CLIPPER CIRCUITS
FIGURE OUTPUT WAVEFORM
Note: For the group report, DRAW the output waveform for
each circuit, and then write the setting of V/div and t/div.

For the Indvidual report report, identify the circuit, take a

screenshot of each ACTUAL (not simulated) output
waveform, write the V/div and t/div settings.

Fig 1a: ________________

PHOTO V/div: _______________
(output WF) t/div: ________________

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Objective B. Demonstrate the operation of various clipper circuits by displaying their

output waveforms and measuring their output voltages.

2. a. Connect the circuit as shown in figure (1a). Set the oscilloscope to dual function.
Channel 1 for input, and channel 2 for output.
Connect one probe (Channel 1) of the oscilloscope across the secondary winding of
transformer. Adjust setting of the oscilloscope to display a waveform with at least two cycles.
Channel 2 must have the same settings as Channel 1.
Connect Channel 2 to the same input. You must be able to see only one sine wave as both
Channel 1 and channel 2 are connected to the same input.
Remove Channel 2 from the input.

b. With channel 1 connected to the input, sketch the input waveform. Measure the peak-to-
peak value of the voltage across the secondary winding of the transformer.

Note: This will be the input to all the clipper and clamper circuits given.

Figure 1

INPUT: Vin =___________Vp

Period, T = ________
Frequency, f = _________ Hz

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c. Connect the other probe (channel 2) of the oscilloscope across the output of the
circuit. DO NOT change the oscilloscope setting (V/div and T/div). DO NOT adjust the vertical
positioning knob.

d. Sketch the output waveform. Draw both the input waveform (one color), and the output
waveform (another color), superimposing the output waveform on the input waveform.
Properly label the waveform, indicating the positive and/or negative peak values and the
clipping levels. Record results in Table 1, identify and write the name of the circuit beside the
circuit number.
The following examples show how to draw the waveforms:

Note: In the above figure (right), the input waveform is the dashed line. The ourput waveform
is the solid line superimposed on the input waveform. In your Data and Results, use 2 different
colors for the input waveform and output waveform, for each circuit given.

Note: If it turns out like this (left), adjust the output WF to fit and be superimposed onto the input
WF (adjust horizontal positioning knob)

e. Repeat the procedure (d) for each of the circuits in fig. (1b) through (4d).

Objective C. To become familiar with the different types of clamping circuits

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3. Examine the circuit given in figure (5a) to (5f).

Identify and describe each clipper circuit.

CLAMPER CIRCUITS

FIGURE OUTPUT WAVEFORM

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Figure 5e

Figure 5f

Objective D. Demonstrate the operation of various clamper circuits by displaying their

output waveforms and measuring their output voltages.

4.
a. Connect the circuit as shown in figure (5a). Set the oscilloscope to dual function.
Channel 1 for input, and channel 2 for output.

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Connect one probe (Channel 1) of the oscilloscope across the secondary winding of
transformer. Adjust setting of the oscilloscope to display a waveform with at least two cycles.
Channel 2 must have the same settings as Channel 1.
Connect Channel 2 to the same input. You must be able to see only one sine wave as both
Channel 1 and channel 2 are connected to the same input.
Remove Channel 2 from the input.

b. Connect the other probe (channel 2) of the oscilloscope across the output of the circuit.
DO NOT change the oscilloscope setting (V/div and T/div). DO NOT adjust the vertical
positioning knob.

c. Sketch the output waveform. Draw both the input waveform (one color), and the
clamped output waveform (another color). Properly label the waveform indicating the
positive or negative peak values and the clamping levels. Record results in Table 2.
Identify and write the name of the circuit beside the circuit number.

d. Repeat procedure (b) for each of the circuits in figure (5b) to (5f).

Note: The figure above (right) shows the simultaneous display of the output (blue) and
input (red) waveforms. In your Data and Results, use 2 different colors for the input
waveform and output waveform, for each circuit given.

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IV. RESULTS

CLIPPER CIRCIUTS
1a: Positive biased circuit

1b: Negative biased circuit

2a: Positive unbiased series circuit

2b: Negative unbiased series circuit

3a: Positive biased parallel clipper

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3b: Negative biased parallel clipper

3c: Negative biased parallel clipper

3d: Positive biased parallel clipper

3e: Positive biased parallel clipper

4a: Negative biased series clipper

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4b: Positive biased series clipper

4c: Positive biased series clipper

4d: Negative biased series clipper

2
INPUT: Vin = 6 Vp
Period, T = 5 ms
Frequency, f = 200 Hz

CLAMPER CIRCUITS

5a: Positive clamper circuit

5b: Negative clamper circuit

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5c: Positive clamper with biasing voltage

5d: Negative clamper with biasing voltage

5e: Positive clamper with biasing voltage

5f: Negative clamper with biasing voltage

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V. DISCUSSION

A clipper is a device that removes either the positive half (top half) or negative half
(bottom half), or both positive and negative halves of the input AC signal. In other
words, a clipper is a device that limits the positive amplitude or negative amplitude or
both positive and negative amplitudes of the input AC signal. In some cases, a clipper
removes a small portion of the positive half cycle or negative half cycle or both positive
and negative half cycles. In a series positive clipper, the positive half cycles of the input
AC signal are removed.

Clampers can also be referred to as DC restorers. Clamping circuits are designed to

shift the input waveform either above or below the DC reference level without altering
the waveform shape. This shifting of the waveform results in a change in the DC
average voltage of the input waveform. The levels of peaks in the signal can be shifted
using the clamper circuit, hence clampers can also be referred as level shifters.
Positive Clamper: This type of clamping circuit shifts the input waveform in a positive
direction, as a result the waveform lies above a DC reference voltage. • Negative
Clamper: This type of clamping circuit shifts the input waveform in a negative direction,
as a result the waveform lies below a DC reference voltage.

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VI. CONCLUSION

Taking everything into account, we at that point conclude that the vast majority of the
electronic circuits like enhancers, modulators and numerous others have a specific
scope of voltages at which they need to acknowledge the info signals. Any of the signs
that have a sufficiency more noteworthy than this specific reach may cause
contortions in the yield of the electronic circuits and may even prompt harm of the
circuit parts. Taking into account the way that the greater part of the electronic
devices works on a solitary positive stock, the information voltage reach would likewise
be on the positive side. Since the regular signs like sound signs, sinusoidal waveforms
and numerous others contain both positive and negative cycles with changing
abundance in their length. These waveforms and different signs must be altered so that
the single inventory electronic circuits can have the option to work on them. The cut-
out of a waveform is the most well-known method that applies to the info signs to adjust
them so they may exist in the working scope of the electronic circuits. The section of
waveforms should be possible by dispensing with the bits of the waveform which crosses
the info scope of the circuit. Trimmers can be extensively grouped into two essential
kinds of circuits. They are: arrangement trimmers and shunt or equal trimmers.
Arrangement trimmer circuit contains a force diode in arrangement with the heap
associated toward the finish of the circuit. The shunt trimmer contains a diode in
corresponding with the resistive burden. The half – wave rectifier circuit is like an
arrangement trimmer circuit. In the event that the diode in arrangement trimmer circuit
is in forward predisposition condition, the yield waveform at the heap follows the info
waveform. At the point when the diode is backward inclination and it can't lead
current, the yield of the circuit is almost zero volts.

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VII. REFERENCES
Clipper Circuits. (n.d.). Retrieved February 21, 2021, from Physics and Radio Electronics:
https://www.physics-and-radio-electronics.com/electronic-devices-
andcircuits/rectifie/clippercircuit-seriesclippersandshuntclippers.html

Clipper Circuits. (n.d.). Retrieved February 21, 2021, from Electronics Coach:
https://electronicscoach.com/clipper-circuits.html

Diode Clippers – An overview of Clipping Circuits. (n.d.). Retrieved February 21, 2021,
from Circuits Today: https://www.circuitstoday.com/diode-clippers

Diode Clippers and Clampers. (n.d.). Retrieved February 21, 2021, from Electronics Hub:
https://www.electronicshub.org/diode-clippers-and-clampers/

Diode Clipping Circuits. (n.d.). Retrieved February 21, 2021, from Electronics Tutorials:
https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/diode/diode-clipping-circuits.html

Electronic Circuits - Negative Clipper Circuits. (n.d.). Retrieved February 21, 2021, from
Tutorials Point:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/electronic_circuits/electronic_negative_clipper_circuits.
htm

Electronic Circuits - Positive Clipper Circuits. (n.d.). Retrieved February 20, 2021, from
Tutorials Point:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/electronic_circuits/electronic_positive_clipper_circuits.h
tm

Sharma, A. (2019, August 2). Diode Clipper Circuits: Design & Demonstration. Retrieved
February 21, 2021, from Circuit Digest: https://circuitdigest.com/tutorial/diode-clipper-
circuits

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