Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Frustum
Frustum
A frustum is a truncated cone or pyramid; the part that is left when a cone or pyramid is cut by
a plane parallel to the base with the apical part removed. We concentrate on the right frustum and not
slant frustum as in the right-most diagram on the top.
We begin with :
1
Volume of prism = Bh , where B is the base area and h is the height of prism.
3
Since the apical part is removed, we have:
1
Volume of frustum, V = (B2 h 2 − B1h1 ) …. (1)
3
The height of the frustum = h = h 2 − h1 …. (2)
2
B2 h 2
We also have : = …. (3)
B1 h12
B2 B 2 − B1 B1
(6) ↓ (2) , h = h1 − h1 = h1 ⇒ h1 = h …. (7)
B1 B1 B 2 − B1
1
1 B1
(7) ↓ (5) , V= B 2 h + (B 2 − B1 ) h
3 B 2 − B1
1
= B2 h +
3
( B 2 + B1 )( B 2 − B1 ) B1
h
B 2 − B1
=
1
3
[
B 2 h + B1 ( B2 + B1 h )]
=
h
3
[
B1 + B1B 2 + B 2 ] …. (8)
V=
πh 2
3
[
r1 + r1r2 + r2
2
]
, where r1 , r2 are the radii of the top and bottom circular bases.
(b) Volume of square frustum,
V=
h 2
3
[
a 1 + a 1a 2 + a 2
2
]
, where a1 , a 2 are the sides of the top and bottom square bases.
(c) Since the area of equilateral triangle is given by
3 2
A= a , where a is the side of the triangle, we have:
4
Volume of equilateral triangular frustum,
V=
h 2
16
[
a1 + a1a 2 + a 2
2
]
, where a1 , a 2 are the sides of the top and bottom triangular bases.