AI Helpful in Education and Healthcare

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION AND HEALTHCARE
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www.ijcrt.org © 2021 IJCRT | Volume 9, Issue 2 February 2021 | ISSN: 2320-2882
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION

AND HEALTHCARE
Anjali Sudha
Address-HIMT College of Pharmacy
Greater Noida
Dr. Dev Prakash

Address-HIMT College of Pharmacy
Greater Noida
Abstract:
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a rising phenomenon that early encourages advances

in many fields, including medical education. To train medical educators for AI
properly, they would need to have at least a basic knowledge of AI concerning
learning and teaching, and the extent to which it would affect medical education.
In this review have also discussed the effect of AI on medication and the
consequences for educators attempting to educate future medical professionals.
Pulling on these strands, it then identifies the direct impact of AI on medical
education methodology and content in an attempt to prepare medical educators
for the changing requirements and advantages.There is a developing artificial
intelligence study in education, demonstrating that the use of artificial intelligence
will enhance learning in many fields. By looking at the strength of these tutorial
IJCRT2102407 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 3377

technologies and the findings of previous AIM studies, by using advanced AI

technology to advance the quality of healthcare.
Keywords: AI, Education, Health care system, drug discovery.
Introduction:
The emulation of human-computer thought and artificial intelligence (AI) is the

engineering research division that deals with developing intelligent machines, in
particular intelligent computer programs. This is the capacity of a computer-
operated system or robotic device to get knowledge received to generate outcomes
such as knowing the desire of the human being to think, to take decisions, and to
solve problems. AI is an IT industry aimed at building intelligent machines that form
part of the technological field. AI work is extremely abstract and advanced. In the
growth market, that is significant. AI is extremely conceptual and advanced.Much of
the living world has been split for thousands of years between man and the rest of
the animals and thus human dominance. The variations in the ability to perceive,
determine and evaluate are shown. Inductive reasoning and intuition make the
human brain better than the luxury machine. The creation of artificial intelligence
(AI) resulted in people being able to build machines that would cleverly overcome
complex, complicated problems, like human brain (1). The term "artificial
intelligence" was coined in 1956; the concept of problem solving and symbolic
approach was used from 1955 [2].
AI utilizes a diversity of tools from which it can look, work, and understand
previous interactions. It is a wide field of computer science that enables obstacles
to be overcome and human brains to think likewise [3]. Programmable computing
and programming. The AI process includes developing computer solutions for the
outcomes of a programmed mission. Machines can store information or data and

will become as alert as humans in the future.
Origin of AI(4-5,6)
A summarised history of AI can be found in the twentieth century as 1923 – in

London, the first uses of the term "robot" are opened in Karel Kapek's play
"Rossum University Robots (RUR).
1945 – Isaac Asimov, a Columbia University student, invented the term 'robotics.'
1950 – Intelligence Testing founded by Alan Turing. As a thorough chess

research application, Claude Shannon received it.
1956-John McCarthy coined the term Artificial Intelligence. 1958 – John

McCarthy has invented the LISP programming language for AI.
1964 – Danny Bobrow's MIT thesis showed that computers can fairly well
understand the natural language to solve algebraic terms problems properly.
1979 – Stanford Cart was developed as an autonomous vehicle driven by First

Computer.
1984 – Dennett addresses the assistance concern and its application to the issues
resulting from attempts to provide robots with common sense.
1990 – Big development in all fields of AI: 1997 – defeats the World Chess
Champion, Gerry Kasparov 2000 – Virtual Robot Pets have been commercially
available. Deep Blue Chess System MIT shows a facially called Kismet-Roboter
that transmits emotions.

"Artificial intelligence is a far superior intellect than the best human intelligence
in nearly every area, including computers and language logic" according to Father
John McCarthy, who coined the word "Artificial intelligence" in 1956. "It is the
synthesis of science and engineering that makes human welfare intelligent
machinery."
Recent advances (in India)
Recent advances in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) have generated fervent
interest from both the private sector and governments around the world.
Computer supremacy over human beings was the greatest achievement for
artificial intelligence in the old Go board game. In a series of five games, Alpha
Go, a London-based AI machine developed by Google Deep Mind,(7) challenged
the South Korean Chinese board game World Champion, Lee Sedol, in which the
machine beat the lives of people in a manner that is frequently perceived or
confused unrealistically.
Until now, a significant part of the private sector has driven this gradual
explosion of AI technology and concentrated mainly on consumer products.
However, the technology is of such great potential and significance that its
production and deployment can not be left to a few Silicon Valley companies and
their distributors alone: the increasing size and implications of AI's applications
make it imperative for government policymakers to notify.(8)
To optimize India's benefits from the AI revolution, a deliberate policy must be

adopted to push for AI innovation, adaptation, and proliferation in industries other
than mere consumer goods and IT services. AI's rapid growth provides a unique
opportunity and challenge to India: by specifically tailoring policies in the short-

term to incorporate and prioritize the AI, as well as medium and long term, India
can make possible the full potential of technology. Though India undoubtedly
benefited from the rapid growth of AI, the creativity of policymakers in the region
still has to be captured in AI. Forgetting the chance to inaugurate national IA
policies, India risks falling behind the US and China.
AI technology has tremendous potential to influence the future of India's

economy and national security; however, in the absence of a clear policy
framework, India would find it difficult to realize AI's full power while
potentially falling victim to the detrimental effects of AI proliferation.
Moore’s Law Spurs Recent Advances in AI
It is indispensable, before addressing the challenges and opportunities for India, to

understand what has changed in AI in recent days. The solution is what technology
professionals call Moore's rule and its wider impact on the computing industry. This
confinement lists the transistors of the computer chip twice in two years, which
significantly reduces computing power and overall computer hardware prices, which
have a decisive influence on AI – faster, simpler, and less computer hardware.
Today's cheaper, simpler, and less inefficient hardware helps the computational
algorithms of the 1990s to solve much more complicated intricacies than they have
traditionally been able to tackle.Through that context, the benefit of Moore's law is
apparent: by saving only time and energy, computers can perform even more
complex operations without taking into account significant technological
improvements, creating a multitude of advances through AI(9) This flexibility is
exacerbated by the proliferation of cloud technology: with the vast computing
resources available on request that cloud-based computing systems, again at a much
lower cost, enormous data sets can now be processed and analyzed, potentially
processing billions of data points in a matter of seconds. This helps
several layers of tandem computers to view information in these broad data sets,
identify patterns, distinguish habits and make wise decisions. It has also helped
these computers to learn from their own past experiences to enhance their
recognition and deduction capabilities.The combined effects of superior
hardware, cloud-based on-demand computing as well as increasingly omnipresent
big data analytics have brought major improvements in the performance of
machine learning — the ability of computers to learn without being specifically
programmed (10).In business organizations, a variety of approaches such as
supervised learning, unavoided learning, and strengthening learning are becoming
more and more common, leading to user applications such as Apple's Siri and
Microsoft's Cortana. This is also the feasibility of advanced, deep learning or
deep neural network architectures, which has paved the way for recent
developments such as the AlphaGo Computer. (12)
The Application of AI in Education (13)
Recently, AI educational tools have centered on their potential to increase the

quality of schooling and to strengthen new approaches to teaching and learning.
Although no general concept of consensus is present, AI generally assists
computers traditionally in researching human intelligence. Congress should take
into account the benefits and disadvantages of AI at universities, including the
impact of AI on issues such as data protection, education, creation and processing
of student data, as well as technological advances. Comprises the following AI-
based information development requirements:
• Tutoring. AI programs commonly referred to as Intelligent Tutoring

Systems (ITS) or adaptive tutors engage students in dialogue, answer
questions, and provide feedback.

• Personalizing Learning. ITS and adaptive tutors tailor learning material,

pace, sequence, and difficulty to each student’s needs. AI can also provide
support for special needs students, for instance by teaching autistic children
to identify facial expressions.
• Testing. Computer adaptive assessments adjust the difficulty of successive
questions based on the accuracy of the student’s answers, enabling more
precise identification of a student’s mastery level.
• Automating Tasks. AI can perform routine tasks suchas taking attendance,
grading assignments, and generating test questions.
Following the AI education program K-12, a university has also partnered on the
instruction of AI values and technologies in at least one public school district.
The Challenge of Teachers in the AI era--Technology and Education Reform(14)
The primary academic movement in typography from the 15th century produced
the breakthrough. Beneficial books popularize professional schooling and initial
instruction. Individuals are described by categories, such as age, area, and level.
Normalization requires consensus and it may be impossible to live up to the clear
learning goals. Over the 20th century, the invention of the Internet created a
second education movement.Finally, 'the educational standard will move into the
mediocrity of schooling. The Internet helps people to access educational services
everywhere and at all times, and to increase educational quality.
Big-Data development also transforms data through machine learning and good
programming abilities so that the learning process is best grasped across all its
dimensions. Today, because of Internet popularity, the Internet is used widely by AI
and Big Data technologies. Each is a separate public institution and they all have the
right to fair support for education. During the 20th century low-cost, technology

preparation was conducted. How, then, will the AI-age teachers go? We must
work on improving and continuously growing our level of advancement, building
education awareness, sustaining the pace of progress of technology, and using AI
technologies to analyze unique teaching cases and challenges. AI is a great tool to
improve and to make an uncomfortable one for professors.AI in health care
system (15-22)
In the medical industry, the AI system, the path of management or treatment

programs, is useful in arranging and guiding doctors correctly. Pathways or
treatment plans for patients should be better structured in the area of medication
and health so that physicians are presented with all the information they need to
assess appropriately.
Maintaining of medical records: The maintenance of medical record in the

healthcare industry is a mandatory as well as horrible task. With the introduction
of AI technology it is simple to capture, standardize storage and monitor data.
The Google Deep Mind wellbeing project seeks to collect patient information for
healthier and safer healthcare in a limited period of time.
Treatment plan designing: For improving recovery services, AI services are

important. The program of AI is helpful if the patient is in a dilemma situation
which makes it difficult to choose the appropriate treatment. This analyzes case
accounts, analysis information, and context facts and recommends the right
methodology. IBM Watson also launched an oncology support program.
Helping in repetitive jobs: AI technology is useful when determining the

location and identifying problems in normal operating conditions. X-ray scans for
Radiology, ECG, and ECHO. IBM has suggested an algorithm, Medical Sieve.
This is a "cognitive assistance" that has a reasonable learning and comprehension

capacity. Ideal for processing radiation images, defining the location, and easily
recognizing complications.
Attainment of in person and online consultation: Babylon, a Uk company,

gives private guidance based on practical knowledge and technical skills and
includes medical and online care services. Through reviewing and comparing it
with the specifics of the disease recorded in the database, consumers are required
to display the indicators of their health problems in the device. The course of
action will be enough. The system advises doctors about care process. The
technology decreases physicians' processing period.
Health support and medication assistance: AI research is important in promoting

safety and medicines. A robotic nurse, Molly, has a beautiful speech and has a
welcoming smile. The goal is to help patients track their condition and care. It
encourages sick patients during the visit to the hospital. Another mobile camera
program, which tracks patients' relapse and assists patients in their treatment of their
disease, includes AiCure. AiCure This software is useful especially for patients with
extreme medications and for patients participating in clinical trials.
Accuracy of medicine: Genetic genomics and genetic development have good

impacts on AI. Deep Genomics, an AI program is valuable for analyzing
variations and medical history with genetic material to recognize genes or illness
connections. This program reminds physicians of the activities in a cell as genetic
variability affects DNA. The founder of the human genome project, Craig Venter,
created an algorithm that provides knowledge about the physical characteristics of
the individual based on their DNA. AI-based "Real Lifespan" helps determine the
precise site of cancer and vascular disorder in its early stage.

Drug creation: It takes more than a decade to grow or construct pharmaceuticals

and absorbs billions of rupees. "Atomically" an AI system utilizes
supercomputers, releasing pathogens that withstand patients. They used biological
evidence and AI technologies from patients to figure out the difference between
safe ambient environments that are sensitive to the disease. It helps in the
discovery and design of medicinal products, healthcare and problems.
AI help to people in health care system: The clear AI ecosystem is one of the
top ten services of exciting technologies for 2016. Social information algorithm
details are useful for capture and compare. The healthcare system documented
extensive details including patient medical records and diagnosis data from
childhood to all ages. The habitats can interpret this big data, and shows the
lifestyle and habits of the patient.
Healthcare system analyzing- In the healthcare sector, collection of data is

simple because all the data is computerized. The Netherlands retains 97 percent
encrypted invoices including details on diagnosis, provider name and location of
hospital. Hence these can be quickly recovered. ZorgprismaPubliek, a small
organization that utilizes IBM Watson cloud technologies to review the invoices.
If some mishap happens, it automatically understands it and takes the appropriate
steps. For this function, it enhances and prevents hospitalization of patients.
Diagnostic and imaging sector–It's a really important and active field in the
healthcare sector which requires AI technology. Until now, 50 startups that focus
on AI for health care have been created. They concentrate mainly on patients'
emotional health, obesity, respiratory problems and wearables. Collection of
businesses and start-ups in AI's healthcare research space

Prognosis - In the healthcare sector, the presumption of positive solutions is very

significant. To order to increase their survival, it is extremely important to
accurately classify high-risk patients in a healthcare setting. ANNs profit from the
relationship between variables in the measurement of complex cancer outcomes.
In patients with breast and colorectal cancer, neural networks predict recovery.
The findings of lung and prostate cancer are also investigated.
How is AI used in drug discovery? (22-23)
Current drugs are guided, i.e. a established purpose is used to scan for small
molecules that disrupt or affect their cell activity.
➢
Such methods function well with a specific structure and a detailed
understanding of associations within the cell for conveniently therapeutic
targets.
➢
However, these methods are strongly restricted, considering the complexities
of cellular dynamics and the limited understanding of intricate cell pathways.
➢
AI will resolve these problems by recognition of new associations and
functional relevance of various cell route components.
➢
For eg, a dataset of sequences of RNA can be used to identify genes
associated with a particular cell state. To extract useful knowledge from a
large dataset, AI uses complicated algorithms and machine learning.
➢
Furthermore, the AI can be used to classify substances which may bind to
'irregular goals,' that is, proteins which are not organized. In a very short
time, iterative models will rapidly detect various associations with small
protein pieces. Predictive compound collection can be observed.

➢
Atom-wise (23-25)
Applications: Deplete resources and time spent on drug compounds by

researchers. Atomic AI study also produces more effective agricultural pesticides
in AI Drug Discovery: Atomic Release of Atomic Network, the first deep CNN-
based system, called AtomNet, which has established the bioactivity of small
molecules for applications for drug-detection. This shows how AI models
bioactivity and chemical reactions with local properties and hierarchical systems.
➢
AtomNet
AI Research Guidelines: Invest molecular discovery programs and concentrate on

crop protection compounds which, in partnership with Monsanto, are key
agrochemical research and development focus areas.
Two XAR (26-28)
Applications:Identify drug candidates by uncovering new theories of the
physiology of diseases backed by evidence from the real world.
AI Drug Discovery:TwoXAR uses AI to test disease-efficacy compound

libraries to discover new drug candidates from a general library and to classify
biological targets
●Thedevelopment of a computational model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that

greatly enriched FDA-approved RA therapies among top candidates.
● Team with Stanford Asian Liver Center to investigate TXR-311, an

experimental treatment for liver cancer. This drug has shown good effectiveness
in cell-based assays.

● Assess factors and combine pairs of medications related to reduced 5-year

mortality with online health reports of breast cancer patients.
● Differential expression of genes from 14 data sets for the expression of the
breast cancer gene. AI Study Guidance: Emphasis on alternative therapies, such
as diabetes, in a certain field of disease. Technology Level: TRL 4. currently
developed in a laboratory environment, with animal models being tested for tests.
Structural Biotechnology(29-31)
Applications:Increase the progress of work into cellular biology and drug

discovery programs by identifying protein structures, complexes and medication
goals.
AI Drug Discovery: Structural Biotechnologies' AI technology is based on

computer vision and machine learning models on cryo-EM (2D structure) data to
understand proteins and molecular complexes' detailed 3D spatial structure.
Structure has developed a program, called the cryoSPARCSystemTM, which
enables heterogeneous reconstruction ab initio 3D and fast, high-resolution
refinement of cryo-EM density maps on a single GPU in minutes.
Future Prospects (32)
One of the new advances in AI adoption to speed up drug discovery is the recent
approval by the European Medicines Agency for the Care of Charcot-Marie-Tooth's
Pediatric Investigation Strategy Pharnext for its PXT3003 medication. Pharnext is a
pioneering French biopharmaceutical firm that uses AI in pharmaceuticals based on
broad genomic evidence. Growing volumes of reports of

product development helped by IA can also be anticipated in the coming years

from existing pharmaceutical firms and smaller newcomers.
Also, the ability of AI algorithms to identify uses may be one of the next steps to
increase the use of AI in the pharmaceutical industry. Judea Pearl, a winner of the
2011 Turing Award and AI father presenting the AI probabilistic approach,
emphasized the causal basis of their architecture for the next generation of AI
algorithms. A causal inference paradigm can replace reasoning based on cause-
based reasoning by identifying connections between a cause and its outcome.
India will take artificial intelligence as a central consideration in its national

security program. At the time when AI is regarded by the Indian government as a
key component of US Japanese international politics and parallel treatment,
proposals are being discussed throughout India; the Indian government will
establish an ambitious new technology growth strategy that will have long-term
strategic repercussions. 49. The cyber-great challenge idea of DARPA needs to be
analyzed in-depth in order to effectively stimulate universities and industry.If the
AI system defeats World Champion Lee Sedol, AlphaGo, in the old board game
go by four-on-one, man's worst fear the technological dominance of
humans.Meanwhile, a group of extremely motivated technologists has astonished
the world with their innovative, AI-enhanced cultivation methods, which
revolutionizes agriculture.Whether AI's development continues on and one day
briskly stops or is massive enough to enslave society or it symbiotically lives with
a man and supports the goal of the common good. Despite the result, we will be
updated on the path to a modern age.Nurture believes in the mission of good
parenting and a vision for improving higher education through creative models.
They partner with different universities to teach Artificial Intelligence to threaten
young India with advanced technologies.
Conclusion;
Artificial Intelligence can influence all professions, including pharmacy and

training of Medical professionals Recent AI experiments, show that an educator
plays a vital role in effective AI development. The effect of AI in medicine will
not be to replace the practitioner, but to alter and improve many of the physician's
functions, and to create new positions. Awareness of innovations is important in
advance so that medical education will begin to prepare students for these new
roles. AI progresses further into clinical practice, we will be worried machines
will do the "correct" work, and doctors will have nothing to do and will know
little. It can be if we want it to be. However, just as likely new roles will emerge
for health professionals, several roles which are not yet predicted, roles which
require new health education.
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION AND HEALTHCARE

Article in SSRN Electronic Journal · February 2021

Mustafa Shuaieb Sabri

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION

Dr. Dev Prakash

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a rising phenomenon that early encourages advances

IJCRT2102407 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 3377

technologies and the findings of previous AIM studies, by using advanced AI

Keywords: AI, Education, Health care system, drug discovery.

The emulation of human-computer thought and artificial intelligence (AI) is the

outcomes of a programmed mission. Machines can store information or data and

A summarised history of AI can be found in the twentieth century as 1923 – in

1950 – Intelligence Testing founded by Alan Turing. As a thorough chess

1956-John McCarthy coined the term Artificial Intelligence. 1958 – John

1979 – Stanford Cart was developed as an autonomous vehicle driven by First

IJCRT2102407 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 3379

Recent advances (in India)

To optimize India's benefits from the AI revolution, a deliberate policy must be

IJCRT2102407 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 3380

AI technology has tremendous potential to influence the future of India's

Moore’s Law Spurs Recent Advances in AI

It is indispensable, before addressing the challenges and opportunities for India, to

The Application of AI in Education (13)

Recently, AI educational tools have centered on their potential to increase the

• Tutoring. AI programs commonly referred to as Intelligent Tutoring

IJCRT2102407 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 3382

• Personalizing Learning. ITS and adaptive tutors tailor learning material,

The Challenge of Teachers in the AI era--Technology and Education Reform(14)

IJCRT2102407 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 3383

In the medical industry, the AI system, the path of management or treatment

Maintaining of medical records: The maintenance of medical record in the

Treatment plan designing: For improving recovery services, AI services are

Helping in repetitive jobs: AI technology is useful when determining the

IJCRT2102407 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 3384

Attainment of in person and online consultation: Babylon, a Uk company,

Health support and medication assistance: AI research is important in promoting

Accuracy of medicine: Genetic genomics and genetic development have good

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Drug creation: It takes more than a decade to grow or construct pharmaceuticals

Healthcare system analyzing- In the healthcare sector, collection of data is

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Prognosis - In the healthcare sector, the presumption of positive solutions is very

How is AI used in drug discovery? (22-23)

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Applications: Deplete resources and time spent on drug compounds by

AI Research Guidelines: Invest molecular discovery programs and concentrate on

Two XAR (26-28)

Applications:Identify drug candidates by uncovering new theories of the

physiology of diseases backed by evidence from the real world.

AI Drug Discovery:TwoXAR uses AI to test disease-efficacy compound

●Thedevelopment of a computational model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that

● Team with Stanford Asian Liver Center to investigate TXR-311, an

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● Assess factors and combine pairs of medications related to reduced 5-year

Applications:Increase the progress of work into cellular biology and drug

AI Drug Discovery: Structural Biotechnologies' AI technology is based on

Future Prospects (32)

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product development helped by IA can also be anticipated in the coming years

India will take artificial intelligence as a central consideration in its national

Artificial Intelligence can influence all professions, including pharmacy and