Reading Text in Health 8-3rd Quarter

*Prevention and Control of COMMON COMMUNICABLE

11
Communicable Diseases* DISEASES
1. The common cold, also Prevention and Treatment of
What is Epidemiology? known simply as a cold, is Communcable Diseases:
Epidemiology is the science that deals with a viral infectious disease of
the study of epidemics and communicable the upper respiratory Prevention is the most effective weapon against
diseases. tract that primarily affects disease. It means avoiding contact with
the respiratory mucosa of harmful pathogens. People, food and places
What are Communicable Diseases? the nose, throat, sinuses,
are possible sources of pathogens.
Communicable Diseases are caused by and larynx
pathogenic ( disease-producing) Some General Rules in treating Minor Illnesses:
microorganisms commonly called “germs,”
infecting and multiplying in a susceptible 1. Bed Rest
host.

The Stages of Infection:

An infectious disease generally goes through
five stages:
1. THE INCUBATION PERIOD
It begins when the pathogens enter the
body, multiply, and spread. 2. Drinking enough liquids
2. PRODROME PERIOD
A short period wherein the individual begins
to experience discomfort.
3. CLINICAL STAGE
This is the time when the disease attacked 2. Flu -is a contagious
the body. respiratory illness caused by
4. DECLINE STAGE influenza viruses that infect 3. Staying in a clean are and avoiding
The disease has passed its peak and the the nose, throat, and very cold or warm places
symptoms begin to go away. sometimes the lungs.
5. CONVALESCENCE
This is the recovery stage of the patient.

MORBIDITY and MORTALITY

➢ Morbidity- refers to the state of 4. Following travel advisorynfor people
being sick within a population. to different countries.
➢ Mortality – refers to the
number of death within a
population.
➢ Epidemic- refers to the rapid
and extended spread of disease
among many individuals in one
place. 5. Following medical or hospital
treatment according to the advice of
➢ Endemic – is a disease that is
the physician treating the disease.
peculiar and recurring in a
locality.
➢ Pandemic- is when the disease
spreads throughout an entire
country, continent, or the whole
world.
3. Hepatitis A is a vaccine-
*Top 10 Leading Causes of preventable liver infection EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING
Morbidity and Mortality in the caused by the hepatitis A DISEASES
virus (HAV). HAV is found in
Philippines
the stool and blood of Despite new development in disease prevention
people who are infected. and treatment, new strains of pathogenic
1.Heart diseases microorganism have developed causing highly
2.Diseases of the vascular communicable diseases which could be chronic
system, or fatal. These diseases are:
3.pneumonias,
4. malignant neoplasms/cancers, 1. Leptospirosis
5. all forms of tuberculosis, 2. Severe Acute Respiratory
6.accidents, Syndrome ( SARS )
7.COPD and allied conditions, 3. Meningococcemia
8. diabetes 4. Hand-Foot-and Mouth Disease
mellitus, 5. Avian Influenza
9. nephritis/nephritic syndrome 6. Influenza A ( H1N1)
10. other diseases of respiratory
system.