THE

PRACTICE OF
CIVIL ENGINEERING
 SUBTOPICS
01 Professional Responsibility.
Client Civil Engineer
Relationships.

02 Civil Engineering Services.

Specialization of a Civil
Engineer.

03
Selection of a Civil Engineer.
Prime Professional Practice.
Employment.

04
Design Competition.
Contingency Basis of
Employment.

05 Professional Practice of
Foreign Civil Engineers.
 GAHIT

THE PRACTICE OF CIVIL

ENGINEERING
 PROFESSIONAL
RESPONSIBILITY
Standard of practice is for Civil Engineers to be given
responsibility for:

1. Studying
2. Conceiving
3. Designing
4. Observing Construction
5. Assisting in the programming for operating and CE 14
maintaining engineering work
 PROFESSIONAL
RESPONSIBILITY
• Civil Engineers shall conduct themselves in a highly
Professional Manner and Serve as Faithful Trustees or agents
of their client or employers.

• Civil Engineers are therefore bound by the Fundamental

Canons of Ethics contained in this manual.

• Care and protection of the environment is paramount in the Civil

Engineer’s work engagement. CE 14
• Civil Engineers must always strive to maintain the highest
standard of Ethical Professional Practice in their dealing with
client employers, employees, competitors and the community.
 CLIENT-CIVIL ENGINEER
RELATIONSHIP

Proper relationships between civil engineers

and their public and private clients.
 RELATIONSHIP
CLIENT-CIVIL ENGINEER
OBLIGATIONS OF THE OBLIGATIONS OF THE
CIVIL ENGINEER CLIENT

LIABILITY OF THE CIVIL

ENGINEER AND THE
CLIENT SUSPENSION OR
 LIMITATION OR CIVIL ENGINEER’S
TERMINATION OF SERVICES
RESPONSIBILITY
 DAMAGES
 RELATIONSHIP
CLIENT-CIVIL ENGINEER
SETTLEMENT OF OWNERSHIP OF DATA,
DISPUTES DESIGNS AND DOCUMENTS
 CLIENT-CIVIL ENGINEER
RELATIONSHIP

 OBLIGATIONS OF THE CIVIL

ENGINEER
 OBLIGATIONS OF THE CIVIL
ENGINEER
 The Civil Engineer shall perform Scope of the services as stated in
section 2.
 The Civil Engineer shall exercise reasonable skill, care and
diligence in the performance of his obligations.
 The Civil Engineer shall act independently and, as required by the
contract, perform with necessary skills and professional
judgement, when required to certify, decide or exercise discretion
between the Client and a Third party with whom the Client has a


contract.
The Civil Engineer is authorized to act as the Client’s faithful agent
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when required but only as implied in section 2 or implied in the
contract adopted for the project.
 When aware of any matters which will change or has changed the
scope of the services, the Civil Engineer shall give written notice to
the Client containing particulars of the change.
 OBLIGATIONS OF THE CIVIL
ENGINEER
 For Specified Staged Services, the Civil Engineer shall not initiate
or proceed with any subsequent stage of the Services without the
approval of the Client.
 When required, the Civil Engineer shall direct and co-operate with
all other professionals and integrate their work where applicable
into that being undertaken by the Civil Engineer and other
professionals, but shall not be professionally liable for their work.
 The Civil Engineer may recommend specialist suppliers and/or
contractors to design and execute certain parts of the works, in
which case the Civil Engineer shall co-ordinate the design of such
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part or parts with the overall design of the works but he shall be
relieved of all responsibility for the design, manufacture, installation
and performance of any such part or parts of the works. The Civil
Engineer shall not be liable for acts of negligence, default or
omission by such person or persons
 OBLIGATIONS OF THE CIVIL
ENGINEER

 The Civil Engineer shall notify the Client of any interest the Civil
engineer has which may significantly conflict with the interests of
the Client under their Contract.

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 CLIENT-CIVIL ENGINEER
RELATIONSHIP

 OBLIGATIONS OF THE CLIENT

 OBLIGATIONS OF THE CLIENT

 The Client shall pay the Civil Engineer for his Services, the amount
of fees and expenses set out in or determined in their agreement.
 The Client shall provide the Civil Engineer within reasonable time
(that does not result in delay to the provision of the Services), all
information required by the Civil Engineer in the performance of his
services and a decision in writing on all matters properly referred to
the Client in writing.
 The Client shall cooperate with the Civil Engineer and shall not
interfere with or obstruct the proper performance of the Services.
 The Client shall, as soon as practicable, make arrangements to
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enable the Civil Engineer to enter the site and inspect facilities
needed in the performance of his services
 OBLIGATIONS OF THE CLIENT

 The Client shall arrange for the provision of services from other
professionals or others as may be required and bear all costs.
 When the Civil Engineer is required to administer the work of other
professionals or other third parties who are directly contracted by
the Client or when the Civil Engineer is required to act as Engineer-
to-the-Contract for any contract on behalf of the client then all
instructions by the Client shall be given through the Civil Engineer.
 When aware of any matter which will change or has changed the
scope of the Civil Engineer’s Services, the Client shall notify in
writing within 7 days the Civil Engineer containing, as far as is CE 14
practicable, the particulars of the change.
 LIABILITY OF THE CIVIL
ENGINEER AND THE CLIENT
 Civil Engineer shall only be liable to pay damages to the client
arising out of or in connection with their Agreement if a breach of
duty of care is established against the Civil Engineer.

 Client shall only be liable to pay damages to the Civil Engineer if a

breach of the Client’s duty to the Civil Engineer is established
against the Client.

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 LIABILITY OF THE CIVIL
ENGINEER AND THE CLIENT

 Limitation or Civil Engineer’s

Responsibility
 LIMITATION OR CIVIL
ENGINEER’S RESPONSIBILITY
 The Civil Engineer shall have no responsibility or liability for costs,
loss or damage of whatsoever nature arising from any errors in or
omission from data, documents, plans, design or specifications not
prepared by the Civil Engineer, or other personnel under the direct
control of the Civil Engineer, and arising from any act or omission
or lack of performance or any negligent or fraudulent act or
omission by the Client or any Other Consultant, Contractor or
supplier to the Client or any employee or agent of the Client, Other
Consultants, Contractors or suppliers.
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 LIMITATION OR CIVIL
ENGINEER’S RESPONSIBILITY
 Not withstanding any recommendation or lack of recommendation
made by the Civil Engineer to the Client, the Civil Engineer shall
not be held to have made any warranty or promise as to the
suitability, competence or performance of any Other Consultant,
Contractor, supplier, or other third party.

 The Civil Engineer shall not be responsible for the techniques,

method, programmes, sequences or procedures adopted by any
Contractor or other third party responsible for executing any
aspects of the Project, nor for their performance on time, their
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failure to carry out the work in accordance with any contract
documents or for any other acts or omissions.
 LIABILITY OF THE CIVIL
ENGINEER AND THE CLIENT

 Damage
 DAMAGE
 Damages payable shall be limited to the amount of reasonably
foreseeable loss and damage suffered as a result of such breach.
 The maximum amount of damages payable in respect of liability,
whether under the law or contract, or otherwise, is limited to the
amount specified in the Specific Provision or, if no such amount or
provision is specified, to the lesser of P300,000 or 10%of the total
amount of damages of the portion of the work attributable to the
Civil Engineer’s breach of duty or twenty five percent of the total of
fees payable under their agreement.
 If found to be liable in circumstances where the acts or omissions CE 14
of a third party have contributed to the loss or damage, the
proportion of damages payable by the party found liable shall be
limited to that proportion which is attributable to that party’s breach
of duty, whether the claims are made under contract or otherwise.
 CLIENT-CIVIL ENGINEER
RELATIONSHIP

 SUSPENSION OR
TERMINATION OF SERVICES
 SUSPENSION OR TERMINATION
OF SERVICES
 If circumstances arise for which the Civil Engineer is not
responsible and which make it impractical or impossible for the
Civil Engineer to perform in whole or in part the Services in
accordance with their Agreement then the Civil Engineer shall
promptly notify the Client.

 The Client may suspend all or part of the Services or terminate the
Agreement by written notice of not less than 30 days to the Civil
Engineer who shall immediately make arrangements to stop the
services and minimize further expenditure.
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 SUSPENSION OR TERMINATION
OF SERVICES
 The Civil Engineer by written notice of no less than 30 days may
terminate the Agreement or at his and or her discretion without
prejudice to the right to terminate, suspend the performance of the
whole or part or the Services under the following conditions:

 When 30 days after the due date or payment of any account the
Civil Engineer has not received payment of that part of it which has
not by that time been contested in writing, or
 When Services have been suspended for a period exceeding 6
calendar months, or if it is clear to the Civil Engineer that it will be
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impossible or impractical to resume the suspended Services before
the period of suspension has exceeded six months.
 CLIENT-CIVIL ENGINEER
RELATIONSHIP

 SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES
 SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES

 If a dispute arises on either party, then that party shall by notice in

writing served on the other party of the details of the dispute and
request that the dispute be resolved by conciliation.

 If the matter in dispute is not resolved in conciliation between the

parties within the prescribed time then the matter in dispute shall
be referred to arbitration.

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 CLIENT-CIVIL ENGINEER
RELATIONSHIP

 OWNERSHIP OF DATA,
DESIGNS AND DOCUMENTS
 SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES

 The design analyses, drawings, specifications and reproductions

thereof are instruments of service owned by the Professional
Engineer and shall be used only for the specific project covered by
the agreement between the Client and Engineer.

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CIVIL ENGINEERING
SERVICES
 CIVIL ENGINEERING SERVICES
 Services included:

 Design, consultations and advice

 Feasibility studies
 Field investigations and engineering data collection
 Environmental assessments, impact statements or Engineering
reports
 Opinions of probable construction cost
 Preliminary and final designs, drawings, specifications and


construction bidding documents
Assistance in securing construction bids and in awarding contracts
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 Construction administration and observation
 Arrangements for or performance of testing of materials and
equipment
 Assistance in start-up, assessment of capacity, and operation of
facilities
 Preparation of operation and maintenance manuals
 Appraisals and rate studies
 CIVIL ENGINEERING SERVICES

 Services included:

 Value engineering
 Expert testimony
 Assessment of risks
 Structural remediation or rehabilitation
 Project management and controls
 Provision of supplemental temporary staff
 Teaching
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 TALENTS OF VARIOUS
DISCIPLINE OF PROFESSIONAL
CIVIL ENGINEERING FIRMS
 TALENTS OF VARIOUS DISCIPLINE
OF PROFESSIONAL CIVIL
ENGINEERING FIRMS
 Economists
 Planners
 Engineers and designers
 Estimators
 Architects
 Scientists
 Technical analysts


Specification writers
Drafters
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 Field representatives
 Surveyors
 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT

 Program Manager

 Performs specialized tasks necessary to the development or

construction of a specific project
 Develop, define and oversee the program, prepare budgetary
estimates of program costs, prepare program schedules, evaluate
and select members of the program team, and provide periodic
program status reports
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 SPECIALIZATION IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING

 PICE (Philippine Institute of Civil

Engineers)

 Recognizes the initial five areas of

specialization.
 Awards certificate that will consider
qualification for positions in the
respective areas of specialization
 SPECIALIZATION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS
AND CIVIL ENGINEERING FIRMS

 Structural and foundation

 Geotechnical and environmental
 Water resources and hydraulics
 Transportation
 Construction management and engineering

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 TAPAYAN

THE PRACTICE OF CIVIL

ENGINEERING
SELECTION OF A
CIVIL ENGINEER
CRITICAL IMPORTANCE IN SELECTION OF
A CIVIL ENGINEER AS A CONSULTANT
CLIENT SERVICE
EXPERIENCE

QUALITY OF
QUALIFICATIONS

REPUTATION
 CIVIL ENGINEER
SELECTION OF A
Detailed scope of services greatly
reduces the potential for
misunderstandings or confusion.

PICE (Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers)

supports procedures such as those specified by
CIAP Documents 101 and 102, Executive Order
164, and PD 1594
 PRIME PROFESSIONAL
PRACTICE

 Guidelines in this manual refer

specifically to the engagement of
engineering services where:

 Consulting Civil Engineers – serves

as prime professional
 Client – serves as owner of the
project
 EMPLOYMENT

 Guidelines in this manual refer to Civil

Engineers employed by professional
consulting firms, government
agencies, educational institutions,
construction firms, manufacturing and
commercial entities and other entities
 PAHANG

THE PRACTICE OF CIVIL

ENGINEERING
 DESIGN COMPETITION

 Process through which a Civil Engineer

is selected above other competitors
based on proposal or innovative
approach to solving a client’s needs
 CONTINGENCY BASIS OF
EMPLOYMENT

 Canon 5c or PICE Code or Ethics provides

that “Engineers may request, propose or
accept professional commissions on a
contingency basis only under
circumstances in which their professional
judgments would not be compromised.”
 PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE OF
FOREIGN CIVIL ENGINEERS

 Foreign Civil Engineers are allowed by law

(RA 8981) to practice civil engineering in
the Philippines under instances.
 PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE OF
FOREIGN CIVIL ENGINEERS

 The laws of the foreigner’s state allow the citizens of the

Philippines to practice civil engineering on the same basis
and grant the same privileges as those enjoyed by the
citizens of such foreign state.
 Allowed under international agreement.
 Consultants to be engaged in foreign-funded, joint
venture or foreign-assisted projects of the government. CE 14
 PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE OF
FOREIGN CIVIL ENGINEERS

 .Employees of Philippines or foreign private institutions

pursuant to law.
 Civil Engineers who were former citizens of the
Philippines, who had been registered and issued a
certificate of registration and a professional identification
card prior to their naturalization as foreign citizens, and
who, while in the country on a visit, sojourn or permanent
residence, desire to practice their profession.
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THANKS!
Does anyone have any questions?

Reporters:

Gahit, Cecille Andrea

Pahang, Anne Kaye
Tapayan, Geo