NAME: BRADLEY ELLAR BSHM-1

ROWEL SEVILLA BSBA-1

THE EXISTENCE OF PULCHRANA GRANDOCULA (BIG-EYED FROG)

AND ITS PERMANENCE IN THE BIODIVERSITY OF CARAGA REGION

INTRODUCTION
Our planet embodies different kinds of natural resources. As we wake up every morning, fresh starts come
from the oxygen of the forest, a green field, and a colorful environment. Due to the fact that biodiversity has a very
huge function in the ecosystem. Biodiversity is a variety of different kinds of living things in an area such as animals,
organisms, plants, and even fungi. These are the species that balance the ecosystem and make up our world naturally.

CHAPTER I
THE DESCRIPTION, IDENTIFICATION AND IMPORTANCE OF PULCHRANA GRANDOCULA (BIG-EYED FROG)

I. THE EXISTENCE OF THE SO-CALLED PULCHRANA

GRANDOCULA (BIG-EYED FROG)
Pulchrana Grandocula (Big-eyed Frog) is a small
vertebrate that lives in a moist area of the forest specifically in
the watery area for them to survive. Pulchrana Grandocula
comes from the kingdom of Animalia and characterizes as an
amphibian. The Pulchrana Grandocula is a species of “True
Frog” and endemic in the Southern part of the Philippines, in
certain places such as the Island of Basilan, Bohol, Camiguin
Sur, Dinagat, Samar, Siargao, Bucas Grande, and Mindanao.
This frog is one of the endemic species of the Region XIII
CARAGA REGION in the Philippines, they are normally found
on the wet area of the land, especially in the foot area of the
mountains along the sides of the river. The Pulchrana Granocula do not fall on the risk lines of extinction, because
of their fast reproduction and having a safe habitat for them to live freely.

II. THE INCLUSIVITY OF THE PULCHRANA GRANDOCULA ON THE BIODIVERSITY OF CARAGA REGION

Among the various inhabitant in the certain forest of CARAGA Region, the species of frog namely Pulchrana
Grandocula are one of them. This kind of frog lives peacefully in the unbothered and bothered area which means that
they are not just living or existing in their comfort place but even in the nearest part of the residential area of humans,
they exist.

Aside from being one of the species in biodiversity, they played a very important role in the community of CARAGA
Region. Pulchrana Grandocula, aside from being labeled as an indicator species in the ecosystem, these species also
provide security to the agricultural aspects by eating the insects that might destroy the agricultural source of food and
income of humans.

These species furnish and serve as a source of food for other wildlife such as birds, snakes, rats, and fishes. As
aforementioned earlier, they serve as an indicator of the ecosystem. This variety of frogs functioned to give warnings
or signals in the pre-calamity that might happen. Hence, they are not just helping in balancing the ecosystem, but they
also give a big help to the human being.

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 III. THE RISK FACTOR OF THE SPECIES

Frogs are commonly known as one that has the ability to protect themselves against the risk of other wildlife using
their poisonous skin or spit, some frogs are also considered as venomous. In this matter, people tend not to touch or
play out of it.
The Pulchrana Grandocula is a variety of frogs that are considered poisonous, the saliva of the said frog might
cause dizziness, itchiness, shortness of breath, and paralysis. In this case, humans need to be careful if someday they
will encounter this kind of species.

The risk of the said frog, as based on Article II, they give a big role in the agricultural aspect by eradicating the
increase of insects that causes agricultural ruination. On the other hand, they are also one of the causes of the ruination
of the agricultural source of food. They tend to lay eggs in the rice fields, due to the fact that rice fields are wet and
moist areas. Agricultural agents such as the farmers considered them as pests that need to eradicate.

IV. THE GOVERNMENT OF CARAGA REGION TOWARDS THE EXISTENCE OF PULCHRANA

GRANDOCULA ALSO KNOWN AS THE BIG-EYED FROG

In the Southern part of Mindanao specifically in the CARAGA Region, the existence of Pulchrana Grandocula is
endemic to this area. This variety of frogs can be seen in a certain forest in CARAGA Region. The Governments in
certain places in CARAGA that existed this kind of frogs did not have any written ordinances strengthening the security
and protection of this certain species.

They consider this kind of frog as just a typical frog. This kind of species has numerous to be exact, which is why
they can be seen regularly not just only to the forest but in the lowland as well. Being aware of this kind of species is
known to the residents of the community. On the other hand, this kind of Frog, the Pulchrana Grandocula is listed as
one of the attraction species and endemic in the CARAGA Region.

CHAPTER II
SYNTHESIS

The Pulchrana Grandocula is a variety of frog that is endemic in the Southern part of Mindanao specifically in the
CARAGA Region. This species is characterized as an amphibian that inhabits in areas near water, wet areas to be
exact. This species is also known as the Big-eyed Frog because of its physical attributes. They are fast-reproducing
species which is why they do not belong in the line of endangered species.

This frog also has an amazing part in the ecosystem it serves as the ecosystem’s indicator for the calamities that
may happen, they give signals and precautions. They also balance the ecosystem being the secondary consumer
which means they serve as the food for wildlife such as snakes, rats, and birds. They are usually considered poisonous
frogs because of their saliva, they used it as their defense mechanism against other wildlife.

Pulchrana Grandocula is a good help in agriculture, due to the fact that they usually eradicate insects that can
actually cause ruination in the rice fields. In the CARAGA Region, this kind of species is not so protected by the
government of the certain community in which this species existed. The residents in the community are normalizing
this kind of species due to its numerous counts. Pulchrana Grandocula is one of a kind variety of frogs due to its big
eyes, its function in the ecosystem, and as part of the biodiversity of CARAGA as well.

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 CHAPTER III
CONCLUSION

Pulchrana Grandocula is a manifestation that frogs have numerous varieties. They tend to live in places where
the presence of water exists. This kind of frog is considered as a functional species in the ecosystem; hence their
habitat needs to be protected at all costs. Usually this this kind of species is sensitive to other wildlife due to their way
of living. This species might turn and be listed as one of the endangered if this kind of species did not put into security
action.
Taking everything into account, the Pulchrana Grandocula is not just a typical frog that is usually seen in the
wetland around the community. This is a species that needs to be known as one of the species attractions in the
CARAGA Region. Having this kind of species is a pride of this community and needs to be protected and expanded.
In addition to this, frogs have a big role in balancing the ecosystem and having a big role in the food chain in the
ecosystem.

CHAPTER IV
RECOMMENDATION

To the governments in certain areas where Pulchrana Grandocula existed. They must create an ordinance
protecting every wildlife in the said community, especially to the Pulchrana Grandocula. The risk of being prone to
extinction might become possible due to the unwanted actions done by the residents of the community they existed.
The government shall establish and organize associations protecting this kind of species, not just in Pulchrana
Grandocula but the other wildlife as well.
The higher authority must strengthen tourism in our country and promotes the species like Pulchrana
Grandocula also known as the Big-Eyed Frog.

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