Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Module 1 Lesson 28 Final Updateand With Solutions 29
Module 1 Lesson 28 Final Updateand With Solutions 29
Outline
1 Patterns in Nature
3 Fibonacci Sequence
Objectives:
Objectives:
(1) Identify patterns in nature and regularities in the world which
are manifestations of the application of mathematics;
Objectives:
(1) Identify patterns in nature and regularities in the world which
are manifestations of the application of mathematics;
(2) Articulate the importance of mathematics in one’s life
through its everyday uses;
Objectives:
(1) Identify patterns in nature and regularities in the world which
are manifestations of the application of mathematics;
(2) Articulate the importance of mathematics in one’s life
through its everyday uses;
(3) Appreciate the usefulness of mathematics to humanity; and
Objectives:
(1) Identify patterns in nature and regularities in the world which
are manifestations of the application of mathematics;
(2) Articulate the importance of mathematics in one’s life
through its everyday uses;
(3) Appreciate the usefulness of mathematics to humanity; and
(4) Cite relevant application of mathematics to humanity and in
our world.
Pattern:
Pattern:
(1) a particular way in which something is done, is organized, or
happens;
Pattern:
(1) a particular way in which something is done, is organized, or
happens;
(2) any regularly repeated arrangement, especially a design
made from repeated lines, shapes, or colours on a surface
(Cambridge Dictionary)
Pattern:
(1) a particular way in which something is done, is organized, or
happens;
(2) any regularly repeated arrangement, especially a design
made from repeated lines, shapes, or colours on a surface
(Cambridge Dictionary)
In (1) and (2), there are two important elements: (a) repetition
or doing the same task; (b) design/arrangement/rule, which is
to be repeated.
Example
Example
Figure: Waves and dunes are clues to the rules that govern the flow
of water, sand, and air. (Waves and Dunes, 2021)
Figure: People have two legs, cats have four, insects have six, and
spiders have eight. (Animal Numerical Pattern, 2021)
Exercise 1
Exercise 1
(1) In the given item below, what number must replace the
question mark?
Exercise 1
(1) In the given item below, what number must replace the
question mark?
Given: 0,1,2,4,6,9,12,?
Exercise 1
(1) In the given item below, what number must replace the
question mark?
Given: 0,1,2,4,6,9,12,?
Exercise 1
(1) In the given item below, what number must replace the
question mark?
Given: 0,1,2,4,6,9,12,?
Exercises (continuation)
Exercises (continuation)
(3) Identify the missing section.
For some applications, you can watch the videos (link given
below) at this YouTube Channel Australian Mathematical
Sciences Institute - Math Delivers Playlist.
For some applications, you can watch the videos (link given
below) at this YouTube Channel Australian Mathematical
Sciences Institute - Math Delivers Playlist.
<<<Click here>>>
Please watch the following videos (just click the title below):
Optional:
(2) YouTube Title: The world is poorly designed. But copying
nature helps, Youtube Channel: Vox
Sequence
Sequence
A sequence is an ordered list of numbers, call terms, that may
have repeated values. The arrangement of these terms is set
by a definite rule.
Sequence
A sequence is an ordered list of numbers, call terms, that may
have repeated values. The arrangement of these terms is set
by a definite rule.
Example: 2,5,7,15,12,45,17,135,...
Sequence
Sequence
In mathematics, we use symbols to denote any sequence of
numbers in general:
x1 , x2 , x3 , x4 , ..., xn , ...
Sequence
In mathematics, we use symbols to denote any sequence of
numbers in general:
x1 , x2 , x3 , x4 , ..., xn , ...
Sequence
In mathematics, we use symbols to denote any sequence of
numbers in general:
x1 , x2 , x3 , x4 , ..., xn , ...
Sequence
In mathematics, we use symbols to denote any sequence of
numbers in general:
x1 , x2 , x3 , x4 , ..., xn , ...
Sequence
In mathematics, we use symbols to denote any sequence of
numbers in general:
x1 , x2 , x3 , x4 , ..., xn , ...
Example
Example
Given a sequence: 2, 5, 9, 14, 20,..., assume we use the same
set of symbols for a given sequence.
Example
Given a sequence: 2, 5, 9, 14, 20,..., assume we use the same
set of symbols for a given sequence.
(a) What is x1 ? x3 ? and x4 ?
Example
Given a sequence: 2, 5, 9, 14, 20,..., assume we use the same
set of symbols for a given sequence.
(a) What is x1 ? x3 ? and x4 ?
(b) What is x6 and x7 ?
Example
Given a sequence: 2, 5, 9, 14, 20,..., assume we use the same
set of symbols for a given sequence.
(a) What is x1 ? x3 ? and x4 ?
(b) What is x6 and x7 ?
(c) If xn denotes the nth member of the sequence, what symbol
can we use for the member/number prior to the nth member of
the sequence?
Example
Given a sequence: 2, 5, 9, 14, 20,..., assume we use the same
set of symbols for a given sequence.
(a) What is x1 ? x3 ? and x4 ?
(b) What is x6 and x7 ?
(c) If xn denotes the nth member of the sequence, what symbol
can we use for the member/number prior to the nth member of
the sequence?
(d) How about the next member after the nth ?
1
(a) 1 = 1.0000
1
(a) 1 = 1.0000
2
(b) 1 = 2.0000
1
(a) 1 = 1.0000
2
(b) 1 = 2.0000
3
(c) 2 = 1.5000
1
(a) 1 = 1.0000
2
(b) 1 = 2.0000
3
(c) 2 = 1.5000
5
(d) 3 = 1.6667
1
(a) 1 = 1.0000
2
(b) 1 = 2.0000
3
(c) 2 = 1.5000
5
(d) 3 = 1.6667
8
(e) 5 = 1.6000
1 13
(a) 1 = 1.0000 (f) 8 = 1.6250
2
(b) 1 = 2.0000
3
(c) 2 = 1.5000
5
(d) 3 = 1.6667
8
(e) 5 = 1.6000
1 13
(a) 1 = 1.0000 (f) 8 = 1.6250
2 21
(b) 1 = 2.0000 (g) 13 = 1.6154
3
(c) 2 = 1.5000
5
(d) 3 = 1.6667
8
(e) 5 = 1.6000
1 13
(a) 1 = 1.0000 (f) 8 = 1.6250
2 21
(b) 1 = 2.0000 (g) 13 = 1.6154
3 34
(c) 2 = 1.5000 (h) 21 = 1.6190
5
(d) 3 = 1.6667
8
(e) 5 = 1.6000
1 13
(a) 1 = 1.0000 (f) 8 = 1.6250
2 21
(b) 1 = 2.0000 (g) 13 = 1.6154
3 34
(c) 2 = 1.5000 (h) 21 = 1.6190
5 55
(d) 3 = 1.6667 (i) 34 = 1.6177
8
(e) 5 = 1.6000
1 13
(a) 1 = 1.0000 (f) 8 = 1.6250
2 21
(b) 1 = 2.0000 (g) 13 = 1.6154
3 34
(c) 2 = 1.5000 (h) 21 = 1.6190
5 55
(d) 3 = 1.6667 (i) 34 = 1.6177
8 89
(e) 5 = 1.6000 (j) 55 = 1.6182
1 13
(a) 1 = 1.0000 (f) 8 = 1.6250
2 21
(b) 1 = 2.0000 (g) 13 = 1.6154
3 34
(c) 2 = 1.5000 (h) 21 = 1.6190
5 55
(d) 3 = 1.6667 (i) 34 = 1.6177
8 89
(e) 5 = 1.6000 (j) 55 = 1.6182
Fn+1
To compute the ratio: Fn
ϕn − ψ n
Fn = √ ,
5
√
1+ 5
where ϕ = 2 (also known as the golden ratio) and
√
1− 5
ψ= 2 .
• Note that two quantities are in the golden ratio if their ratio is
the same as the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two
quantities.
References:
Simple black and white geometric pattern. (2019). [image]
Available at:
http://www.lisbonlx.com/format/28/simple-black-and-white-
geometric-patterns.html/attachment/simple-black-and-
white-geometric-patterns-world-of-example-for-simple-
black-and-white-geometric-patterns [Accessed 30 Jul.
2019].
Waves and Dunes. (2021). [image] Available at:
¡https://sites.pitt.edu/ ce-
jones/GeoImages/5SedimentaryRocks/SedStructures/Ripples/Mo
[Accessed 5 September 2021].
Tigers and Hyenas. (2020). [image] Available at:
¡https://i.ytimg.com/vi/yce6qIURT2g/maxresdefault.jpg¿
[Accessed 5 September 2021].
References:
Shell’s Spirals. (2012). [image] Available at:
¡https://www.freepik.com/premium-photo/spiral-shell-sea-
mollusk-golden-ratio 6905241.htm¿ [Accessed 5
September 2021].
Animal Numerical Pattern. (2021). [image] Available at:
¡https://www.montessorimaterialsbylakeview.com/products/anima
and-number-of-legs¿ [Accessed 5 September
2021].
Icosahedral Virus Capsid. (2019). [image] Available at:
¡https://pixels.com/featured/3-icosahedral-virus-capsid-
laguna-designscience-photo-library.html¿ [Accessed 5
September 2021].
Petals of Flowers. (2019). [image] Available at:
¡https://centerofmathematics.blogspot.com/2019/10/the-
fibonacci-sequence-and-golden-ratio.html¿ [Accessed 5
September 2021].
Nature of Mathematics: Mathematics in our World 46 / 49
Patterns in Nature
Mathematics and its Applications
Fibonacci Sequence
References:
Fibonacci sequence - Rabbit Tree. (2019). [image]
Available at:
http://www.oxfordmathcenter.com/drupal7/node/487
[Accessed 31 Jul. 2019].
Yellow chamomile. (2019). [image] Available at:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci number#/media/File:Fibon
[Accessed 31 Jul. 2019].
Haβ, H. (2019). Sunflower Head. [video] Available at:
http://www.inquirebotany.org/en/discussions/plant-maths-
692.html [Accessed 31 Jul.
2019].
Golden Rectangle. (2019). [image] Available at:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden ratio [Accessed 31 Jul.
2019].
Nature of Mathematics: Mathematics in our World 47 / 49
Patterns in Nature
Mathematics and its Applications
Fibonacci Sequence
References:
En.wikipedia.org. (2019). Fibonacci number. [online]
Available at:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci number [Accessed
31 Jul. 2019].
Bortner, C. and Peterson, A. (2019). [online]
Digitalcommons.unl.edu. Available at:
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https:/
[Accessed 31 Jul. 2019].
Nautilus shell spiral compared to a Golden Spiral. (2019).
[image] Available at: https://www.goldennumber.net/spirals/
[Accessed 31 Jul. 2019].
References:
Anon, (2019). [image] Available at:
http://cnr.lwlss.net/ConstrainedRandomWalk/ [Accessed 7
Aug. 2019].
Aufmann, R. et al. (2018). Mathematics in the Modern
World. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.
Aufmann, R. (2006). Mathematical Excursions. Houghton
Mifflin College Div.