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Introduction to the
Philosophy of the
Human Person

QUARTER ONE
MODULE 7
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Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person

Grade 11

Lesson 7: Methods of Philosophy Lead to Wisdom and Truth

OBJECTIVES:

1. Distinguish opinion from truth

2. Realize that the methods of philosophy lead to wisdom and truth
3. Evaluate truth from opinions in different situations using the methods of philosophizing

DISCUSSION
The methods of philosophy will help to learn the process of doing philosophy in a systematic
way. On the other hand, philosophizing is to think or express oneself in a philosophical manner.
Although philosophy is an organized body of knowledge, the subject matter of philosophy is questions,
which have three major characteristics;

1. Philosophical questions have answers but the answers remain in dispute.

2. Philosophical questions cannot be settled by science, common sense, or faith.
3. Philosophical questions are of perennial intellectual interest to human beings.

The methodology or method that philosophers use to address philosophical question is critical
thinking. Critical Thinking is the careful, reflective, rational and systematic approach to questions of
very general interest. Critical thinking means understanding if philosophy and refraining from merely
giving claims but through careful thought, one reasons through to argumentation.

The scientific method also leads to wisdom and truth because it uses an evidence- based
approach to come up with its conclusion. In this method, all truths are supported by facts that can easily
be tested or proven again through experiments, logical reasoning, or observation.

An understanding of opinions and facts and the mean to distinguish one from the other can
further improve our understanding and appreciation of varied views and ideas. The ability to
determine truth goes hand in hand with the holistic perspective and enables us to make wiser
decisions, especially in choosing then ideas and views which we find acceptable.

A critical mind aided by philosophy can help us from our own personal point of view that can
guide us in making decisions and actions when we faced with a problem. Philosophy can help us
determine ideas that are truthful and acceptable, which we can use to form our own views regarding
certain matters

For Maboloc and Pascua (2008) critical thinking is a lifelong process of self- assessment that
further consists of:
 Defining, analyzing and devising solutions,
 Arriving at reasonable and informed conclusions
 Applying understanding and knowledge to new and different problems.
 Willingness to say “I don’t know.”

The attributes of a critical thinker include;

 Looks for evidence to support assumption and beliefs
 Adjusts opinion
 Looks for proof
 Examines the problem
 Rejects irrelevant and innocent information

Activity 1
Direction: Give a brief answer to the following question. Write your answer on the space provided.
1. How will you determine the truth from an opinion?
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