L

andscape
Architecture
LANDSCAPE is a section or expansion of rural scenery, usually
extensive, that can be seen from a single view point.

LANDSCAPPING is a development of outdoor space to provide various amenities,

privacy, comfort, beauty and ease of maintenance.

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE is the design of

outdoor public areas, landmarks, and structures to achieve environmental, social
behavioral, or aesthetic outcomes.

The types of projects Landscape Architects include:

Urban design, Private gardens,

Public parks, Flood protection,
Gardens and grounds, Historic restoration
Living roofs and roof gardens, Monuments
Community gardens,

Plants & Flora: Gives a aesthetic appeal to the building , prevents erosion
Abstract elements: Weather & lighting condition
Structural elements: Provide function (eg. Wood benches, timber gazebos,)
Natural elements: Landforms, terrain shape, water bodies etc.
Water: Water bodies (fountain, pools, ponds) add sound improve the quality and the worth of
the site. Excellent land water interface gives an ecological home for the animals and plants.
ELEMENTS OF LANDSCAPE
ARCHITECTURE
Colour:The colour of the foliage and inflorescence creates a
mood for the whole design.
Line: Whether it is as simple as walkways or as individualistic as
herb garden designs, lines are fundamental elements that guide
your design.
Form: Over here, form refers to the shape of the plant or
hardscape feature.
Texture: Texture applies to both softscape and hardscape.
Scale: Varying heights and widths enhances the overall design
composition.
Balance: State of equilibrium towards plant varieties or
hardscape and soft scape

HARDSCAPE VS SOFTSCAPE
What is Softscape?
The term "softscape" refers to the living, growing elements of your landscaping. These include trees,
shrubs, flowers, grass, and all other horticultural components. In other words, anything that is "soft" to
the touch and continuously growing is considered to be "softscape."

What is Hardscape?
Hardscaping makes up the non-living elements of a landscape's design, adding function and style to the
design. (Ex: Natural stone, pavers, walls, lighting, sculptures, fences)
 IMPORTANCE OF
L
andscape
Architecture
1. Preservation of nature
2. Regeneration of polluted area
3. Storm-water management
4. Sustainability
5. Cleaning soil and water
6. Air purification
7. Care for plants
8. Orchards in urban areas
9. Relief from hot weather
10. Provides outdoor recreation
11. Positive influence on people’s state of mind

URBAN HEAT ISLAND

Heat islands are created because of the way cities are built. As urban areas develop, we have more
buildings, roads and pavement. This means more concrete. Concrete is very good at absorbing
radiation and releasing this radiation as heat during cooler times. Concrete is also extremely dry; it
does not store water within itself.

The Urban Heat Island effect can be minimized simply by planning the urban center better. During
construction, care should be taken to ensure buildings are well spaced, and there is plenty of grassy
surface around the buildings. Trees, if any, should not be cut down.
 C

Understand your site Remember the user

for plant selection and activity location by considering what you want and need

Use a form and/or style theme Create and link spaces

to help determine shapes and organize spaces linking with areas and elements

Consider the function of plants Structure the plantings

for both the environment and the user by using massing and layering techniques
 Highlight important points Pay attention to detail
such as transition areas and focal points in materials, colors, and textures

Take time into account Protect your resources

for the growth and maintenance of plants by using sustainable design practices

Cultural, geographical, demographical and climatic considerations are some of the most
important considerations since these may determine if the selected plants will thrive in a
selected area. This can also help add variation to you landscape.

A native species is one that is found in a certain ecosystem due to natural processes, such as
natural distribution and evolution. An endemic species, is a native species found only in a
particular area, large or small. An invasive species is one that is introduced into an ecosystem
and thrives so well that it negatively affects native species.
 EXISTING OBSTRUCTION BUDGET AND DESIGN
STRUCTURES OF VIEW MAINTENANCE SOLUTION

Urban design is an inter-disciplinary subject that unites all the built environment
professions, including urban planning, landscape architecture, architecture, civil and
municipal engineering. It is common for professionals in all these disciplines to practice in
urban design. In more recent times different strands of urban design have emerged such as
landscape urbanism.

Stormwater management is the control and use of storm- water runoff. It includes planning
for runoff, maintaining stormwater systems, and regulating the collection, storage, and
movement of stormwater. Stormwater management also considers drainage in the design of
cities and housing developments.

According to researchers at the DENR Laboratory, carefully positioned trees placed

around a home can save as much as 25 percent of household energy consumption for
heating and cooling. Foundation shrub plantings can also help control costs by diffusing
wind or solar heating to moderate thermal temperature transfers.
 S ITE
P LANNING
An architectural site plan is a detailed drawing of a
building or development site that shows the location of
the building or structures on the property in relation to
the surrounding area. It typically includes the location of
streets, sidewalks, utilities, topographic features, and any
other relevant details of the site.

A site plan also typically includes a full range of detailed

information about the building or development site, including:

Title of project: Buildings to be demolished or removed: .

Site boundary: Existing landscaping, fencing, or walls to
Property lines: be removed:
Outdoor spaces: Services and utilities (Water sewer,
The location of streets, electricity):
sidewalks. External lighting:
Topographic features and Gates, fences, bin stores, and cycle
levels: storage:
Materials: Fire access points:
Landscaping and tree North arrow and Legend
locations:
Zoning Information
Access
 S ITE
ANALYSIS
Site analysis in architecture is a process that
involves research and analysis of the social,
historical, climatic, geographic, legal and
infrastructure aspects of a location.

Location and Context: Geographical location, urban or rural setting, neighborhood context.
Topography: Landform, slopes, elevation, and contours of the site.
Climate: Local weather patterns, sun path, wind direction, precipitation levels.
Vegetation: Types of plants, trees, and natural features present on the site.
Soil Type: Composition, stability, and bearing capacity of the soil.
Hydrology: Presence of water bodies, drainage patterns, flood risk areas.
Access and Circulation: Availability of roads, pedestrian paths, and public transport.
Existing Structures: Buildings or other structures already on the site.
Utilities and Services: Availability of electricity, water, sewage, internet
Regulatory Factors: Zoning laws, building codes, environmental regulations.
Cultural and Historical Factors: Historical significance, cultural landmarks, or heritage sites.
Views and Vistas: Scenic views or important sightlines from and to the site.
Noise and Air Quality: Levels of ambient noise, air pollution
Sunlight and Shade: Patterns of sunlight and shade throughout the day and year.
Wind Patterns: Prevailing wind directions and strength, impact on the site.

SITE ANALYSIS LEGENDS

Sun Path
 Gardens by the Bay, Singapore
INTERGRATION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
The “Supertrees,” was designed by the British landscape-architecture
firm, Grand Associates. More than just futuristic-looking structures, the
Supertrees present a bold new way to grow and display plants.“The
Supertrees are a fusion of nature, art and technology and as such, are
emblematic of the Masterplan approach. They are at one level
spectacular vertical gardens and landmark features, and at another they
are the environmental engines for the Cooled Conservatories,
incorporating devices for water harvesting and storage, air intake, cooling
and exhaust, photovoltaic arrays, solar collectors.