UNIT 2.

The generation gap - KEY

2A. Pronunciation
• Contracted forms
Underline the weak form and double underline the strong form of the contracted forms in the
following sentences. Then practise them with your partner.
1. We don’t live with our grandparents. We’re a nuclear family.
2. Haven’t you noticed any differences between the generations? No, I haven’t.
3. He’s left, and she’s gone to work, too.
4. They’re only in their 40s, and they’re quite open to new ways of thinking.
5. Where doesn’t Mai’s mother allow her to wear tight jeans?
6. Can’t teenagers learn a lot of useful knowledge through online lessons?
7. I don’t cook so often, but I’ve helped my dad fix electrical devices.
8. Parents don’t need to control their children - this can’t bring any benefits.
9. Parent shouldn’t limit their children’s screen time because they’re old enough.
10. They’ve made big success because they’ve got supportive parents.

2B. Vocabulary
• Words and phrases related to the generational differences
I. Complete the sentences with the words given.
social suit culture gap lifestyle characteristics
choice influence historical conflict view traditional
1. My mum’s ____view______ of the situation was different to me.
2. He had several ____characteristics______ which made him different to the rest of his family.
3. Group play helps children develop ____social______ skills.
4. He called for a return to ____traditional______ values.
5. The building is of ____historical______ importance.
6. He admired the simple _____lifestyle_____ of the islanders.
7. Do TV programmes ____influence______ children’s behaviour?
8. When writing emails, most people vary the style to _____suit_____ the circumstances.
9. Scientists are considering the widening ____gap______ between the rich and the poor.
10. Students have an entirely free ____choice______ of what to study at university.
11. In our _____culture_____ , it is rude to ask someone how much they earn.
12. There are various techniques you can use to try and avoid family ___conflict_______ .

II. Complete the sentences with the adjectives given.

common traditional prepared cultural generational
social curious creative critical historical
1. People must accept each other’s ____cultural______ differences.
2. Luckily, we were all _____prepared_____ for the storm.
3. Exercise classes are a good way to keep fit and improve your ___social_______ life.
4. Personal computers are nearly as ____common______ in American homes as televisions.
5. One of the greatest ____historical______ figures of all times is Alexander the Great.
6. Her shouting attracted some ___curious_______ glances from other people in the restaurant.
7. Students are encouraged to develop ____critical______ thinking instead of accepting opinions without
questioning them.
8. It’s ____traditional______ in America to eat turkey on Thanksgiving Day.
9. There is often a _____generational_____ conflict in an extended family.
10. Children should be allowed to develop their ____creative______ as well as their academic abilities.

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III. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs given.
suit rely on force accept experiment influence
achieve share hire grow up practise try out
1. Businesses may only ____hire______ foreign workers while an American cannot be found.
2. He wanted to ____experience______ more with different textures in his paintings.
3. Quang has ____achieved______ considerable success as an artist.
4. They are ____trying out______ a new sound system for the show.
5. The building has been adapted to ____suit______ the needs of older people.
6. Several factors are likely to _____influence_____ this decision.
7. What do you want to be when you ____grow up______ ?
8. Many working women _____rely on_____ relatives to help take care of their children.
9. He’s not going to change, and you just have to ____accept______ it.
10. Do you _____practise_____ your religion in the new country?
11. Bad health ____forced______ him into taking early retirement.
12. Think of this advertisement as an opportunity to _____share_____ your experiences.

IV. Fill in each blank with the correct word from the box. There are two extra words.
stressed behave fun safe easier
encouragement skills closer precious values
The benefits of family management also include:
- bringing family members 1 _____closer_____ together
- making it2 ____easier______ for grown-ups and children to talk
- making everyone more organised and less 3 ___stressed_______
- making the most of4 ____precious______ time and finances
- helping adults deal with the way children 5 ___behave_______
- providing a way of passing on your family 6 ____values______
- helping children develop important social7 ___skills_______ for life
- helping your family find more time to have 8 _____fun_____ together.

V. Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the correct word given.
respectful babysitter burden siblings impose
scene attitude values peacemaker mature
1. Research shows that rituals can strengthen your family’s ____values______ and help pass them on to your
children.
2. Children object to the fact that parents try to ___impose___ curfews and set time aside for studying
sessions.
3. A generation gap is usually defined as the difference in values, ___attitude_______ and behavior between
one generation and the next.
4. No hurting anyone’s feelings or body, and asking permission to borrow other people’s belongings are
examples of _____respectful_____ behavior.
5. As children get older and more ____mature______ , the rules can develop with them.
6. If household chores are shared, the ____burden______ is lighter on everyone.
7. Rap music appeared on the ____scene______ in the early 1980s.
8. A ___peacemaker____ is a person who tries to persuade people to stop arguing or fighting.
9. A __babysitter___ is a person who takes care of babies or children while their parents are away from
home.
10. I have three ___siblings____ : two brothers and a sister.

VI. Choose the correct words to complete the text.

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 The Generation Gap
The older generation often complain that today’s teenagers are very different 1 __________ young people in
the 1970s. In the past, teenagers used to be more polite 2 __________ the older generation. They were keen
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__________ books and outdoor activities as well. Today, adults often complain that modern teens aren’t as
polite. They say teens aren’t interested 4 __________ books and they get bored 5 __________ things very
quickly. They’re just crazy 6 __________ texting.
1. A. for B. from C. about
2. A. for B. to C. with
3. A. on B. with C. at
4. A.in B. for C. at
5. A. from B. about C. with
6. A. with B. about C. on

VII. Fill in each blank in the essay about extended families with ONE suitable word.
Families are the most important parts of our society. If the families in a community are strong, it means
this community is much more 1___powerful ____ . In my opinion, having extended families to live together
is the best for some reasons.
First of all, if you live in an extended family, it means there are always some people 2___who ___ are
willing to help you whenever you need. It is very beneficial if you are in a bad situation. For instance, one of
my friends lives with his grandfather. He had a terrible accident last week and his grandfather, who has been
retired, looked 3__after ____ him all week. This experience 4 __makes ____ me think that, extended families
are good for everyone when they need help.
Moreover, living in an extended family 5___provides____ an amazing opportunity to spend time
together. When your relatives live far away from each other, therefore, you can see each other only on
holidays. If you live with your extended family, you will have a 6____chance ______ to spend more time
with them.
Furthermore, it is good to live in extended families to share the house expenses. If you live in a city, you
must pay rent, gas and electricity 7__bills _____ as well as for credit cards... etc. It is really hard to pay them
alone, but if you live with your extended family it means, you can share all the expenses.
In conclusion, living in an extended family brings a lot of 8__advantages ____ . Members in extended
families can help each other and have a(n) 9___opportunity ___ to see each other. Because of all these
reasons, it is better to live in an extended family than in a(n) 10____nuclear ______ family.

• Prepositions
VIII. Complete each sentence with the correct preposition.
1. The children were arguing ____over______ which TV programme to watch.
2. Television can have a positive influence _____on_____ young people.
3. It is absolutely critical _____for_____ us to know the truth.
4. Journalists were ____on______ the scene within minutes.
5. Your view _____about_____ these things changes as you get older.
6. Many people now rely ____on______ the Internet for news.
7. He was curious ___about_______ how she would react.
8. I have the greatest respect ____for______ her work.
9. Researchers found a number of important differences ____in______ the way boys and girls learn.
10. These societies have to change their attitudes ____towards ______ women.
11. Hoa is completely different ____from______ her sister.
12. The children are finding it hard to adapt ____to______ the new school.

2C. Grammar
• Modal verbs: must, have to and should
I. Complete the sentences with should or shouldn’t.
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1. You ____should ______ go to bed early when you go to school the next day.
2. You ___shouldn’t_______ eat a lot of fast food - it’s bad for you.
3. You _____should _____ find someone to ask about your homework.
4. The teacher is annoyed with Quan — he ____should ______ behave better in class.
5. I ____shouldn’t______ really play these computer games - they are a waste of time.
6. We ___should _______ make a reservation at the restaurant for your birthday dinner.

II. You are having dinner with people you don’t know well. Which of the things below should you do
and which shouldn’t you do in your culture?
1. You ____shouldn’t ______ speak with your mouth full.
2. You ____should ______ wait for the others before you start eating.
3. You ____shouldn’t ______ eat with your fingers.
4. You _____shouldn’t _____ make a noise when you drink something.
5. You _____should _____ use a spoon for soup.
6. You _____should _____ put your chopsticks and spoons on the plate when you finish.

III. Choose the correct modal verb to complete the sentences.

1. In a park, you (must / mustn’t) __________ walk on the grass.
2. On a bus, you (must / mustn’t) __________ talk to the driver.
3. In a library, students (may / must) __________ borrow up to six books.
4. In an exam, students (must / mustn’t) __________ answer all the questions.
5. To ride a motorbike, students (must / have to) __________ be over 16 years old.
6. In a hotel, guests (must / have to) __________ use the exit only in an emergency.

IV. Complete the sentences with the correct form of must, have to or should. Use the information in
brackets to help you.
1. Phong _____has to _____ write three one-thousand-word essays for his course. (It’s necessary.)
2. We ____should ______ tidy up the house. Mum will be home soon. (It’s a good idea.)
3. You ____mustn’t ______ park here. You’ll get a fine. (obligation not to do this)
4. You ___don’t have to _______ pay for children. They can come in for free. (It isn’t necessary.)
5. The sign says you ___must / have to_______ keep your dog on a lead. (It’s necessary.)
6. You _____mustn’t _____ smoke anywhere in the building. It isn’t allowed. (obligation not to do this)
7. You ____must / have to ______ wear a helmet when you ride your motorbike. It’s the law. (It’s
necessary.)
8. Do children ____have to ______ go to school on Saturdays? (Is it necessary?)
9. You ____shouldn’t ______ wear jeans to a job interview. (It isn’t a good idea.)
10. You _____don’t have to_____ pay for the coffee. It’s free. (It isn’t necessary.)

V. Complete the sentences with the phrases below.

must be must study must wear mustn’t eat
mustn’t run mustn’t wear should arrive shouldn’t bring
School Rules
1. Girls ____must wear______ skirts and black shoes.
2. Boys ____mustn’t wear______ long hair.
3. Morning classes start at 7.00 am. Students ____should arrive______ at school by 6.50 am if possible.
4. You ___mustn’t run_____ inside school. It’s dangerous. Please walk everywhere.
5. You ____mustn’t eat______ anything in the classrooms. Please have your lunch in the canteen or outside.
6. Students ____must be______ polite to teachers all the time.

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7. All students ___must study_____ Vietnamese literature, maths and English. These subjects are
compulsory.
8. You ____shouldn’t bring______ expensive things like cameras to school. Please leave them at home.
VI. Read the dialogue, and complete the sentences to give advice about how Nick should behave
towards his grandad in future.
Grandad: Hi Nick. What are you looking at there?
Nick: Hey Grandad. I just got this email from someone who says I’ve won first prize in a competition
- isn’t that great?
Grandad: Congratulations! What was the competition?
Nick: Well, I haven’t entered any competitions. But it says I’ve won, so maybe I was entered for a
competition automatically.
Grandad: Hmm. I wouldn’t be so sure. Have you read the email carefully?
Nick: Yes - it says all I need to do is send some money to get the prize and it’s mine.
Grandad: That doesn’t sound right to me. If I were you, I’d read the email again.
Nick: Why? It’s simple - I just send some money to get the prize, and then they’ll send it.
Grandad: Yes, but you should check out the company - I think it’s a trick. They get you to send money
and they don’t send the prize.
Nick: Don’t be silly, Grandad. They wouldn’t do that.
Grandad: How do you know, Nick? You don’t know this company, and if you haven’t entered a
competition, why would they contact you? You should be careful about emails from people you
don’t know.
Nick: Oh, Grandad, you’re so old-fashioned - you didn’t have email when you were young. I know
what I’m doing, trust me. I know far more about the internet than you do.

He should read the email carefully, check out the company, be careful about emails from people he doesn’t
know, be more polite to his grandad.
He shouldn’t send some money to the company, be rude to his grandad.

VII. Ann is still at school. Her brother, Ed, left school last year. Complete the conversation with have
to or don’t have to and the verbs in the box.
answer be do find wear (x2)
worry get up write try
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Ann: You’re so lucky! You ___don’t have to get up ____ early every day and go to school.
Ed: Yes, I know, but now I 2_____have to find _____ a job.
Ann: That’s not so bad. At least you 3 ____don’t have to do______ homework every night.
Ed: Right, but I 4 ____have to write ______ application letters and make lots of phone calls. It’s boring!
Ann: Not as boring as school! And you 5 ____don’t have to wear ______ a horrible uniform!
Ed: Well, no, but I 6 ____have to wear______ smart clothes when I go to a job interview.
Ann: Hmm... But you 7 ____don’t have to answer ______ the teacher’s questions all day.
Ed: What about the questions at the interview? I 8 ____have to try ______ to answer those.
Ann: OK, but you 9 ____don’t have to worry______ about the exams.
Ed: Well, I 10 ____have to be ______ good at my job all week, or my boss dismiss me!

2D. Reading
• Different generations & The generation gap
I. Read the text and do the tasks that follow.
GRANDPARENTS = GRAND PEOPLE
Last month we asked you to send us your ideas about grandparents. We received some very interesting
answers. Some of you describe your grandparents as friends. They are the people you talk to when you have
to talk to an adult, but you don’t want to talk to your mum or dad. They help you, they’re there for you and
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they don’t disagree with you. But there are a few of you who have grandparents who live in different towns,
or even abroad, and so you don’t see them very often.
Grandparents are special people and we love ours! Here’s what you say.
Giuliana Ross, Canada
I love everyone in my family, but my grandma is really special for me. She lives a few streets away from us,
so when I want to be on my own, I usually walk to her house. She doesn’t ask questions. I love that. We do
lots of things together, too, like making food, which we enjoy. At the moment, she’s teaching me to make
her favourite dish, which her grandmother taught her. It’s quite hard to do, but I love sharing moments with
her. It’s special.
Andy Davidson, USA
I love my granddad! He’s just the best - he can keep a secret; he helps me and he’s usually funny. We have
lots of fun, and we have lots in common. We both enjoy going climbing. My granddad is really good at that -
no one realises that he’s in his sixties.
Boris Sanneh, UK
My grandparents live in another country. They visit us about every three years, but it’s hard because we
don’t really know what to talk about. They ask about school and things like that. That’s usually the first
week. By the second week though, things are a bit better and it’s more ‘natural’. When my sister and I were
younger, they visited more often and I remembered Grandpa doing silly things, like making faces when
Mum wasn’t looking. He still does that sometimes. But now that they are older, I’d like them to live closer.

Task 1. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)?

1. All of the readers get on with their grandparents. __T___
2. Giuliana’s grandmother lives in a different town. __F___
3. Giuliana shares an interest with her grandmother. __T___
4. Giuliana’s grandmother is teaching her to cook a dish she invented. __F___
5. Andy’s granddad is good at sports. __T___
6. Andy’s and Boris’s granddads make them laugh. __T___
7. Boris’s grandfather is a serious man. __F___
8. Boris’s grandparents don’t visit as often as they did. __T___

Task 2. Match the words in bold in the text to their meanings.

1. ____silly _____ small and not important
2. ____making faces ______ doing things with your face that make people laugh
3. ______Abroad_________ in or to a foreign country
4. _____sharing __________ having a thing, experience or emotion at the time as someone else
5. _______realises ________ notices or understand something
6. _______dish ________ food prepared as part of a meal

Task 3. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words from Task 2.
1. This ____dish ______ smells delicious! Yum!
2. Stop being ____silly ______ ! It’s not funny.
3. I love ____sharing______ music and videos on Facebook with my friends.
4. She’s so funny when she _____makes faces _____ .
5. David and his family always go __abroad ________ in the summer.
6. They didn’t ___realise_______ the train was at noon.

II. Read the blog, and do the tasks that follow.

Teen Advice Blog: Share your worries and opinions with other teens.
Zoe: Posted yesterday at 17:10
Madonna Fan Mother
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 My problem is my mum! She’s really nice and I get on well with her. I sometimes argue with her about
little things, but nothing important. All my friends love her - she’s great fun. When she was at my age,
Madonna was really popular and Mum was a fan - she wore miniskirts and leggings, lots of jewellery, and
dyed her hair blond. I think she wanted to be Madonna! She was only sixteen, so it was okay. However,
she still wears leggings and short denim skirts now, and I can’t stand it. She even uploads photos of
herself onto her homepage, so all my online friends can see her. What can I do?
Benny: Posted today at 13:21
You’re lucky to have a cool mum - my mum is so conservative. She wears baggy jeans, and long skirts,
and she never wears jewellery. Although she’s only thirty-seven, everybody thinks she’s older because
her clothes are old-fashioned. One friend even thought she was my grandmother! Your mum should give
my mum some fashion advice!
Jolie: Posted today at 11:10
I agree with you, Zoe. My problem is my father. He loves T-shirts with bad slogans like, “This is what a
cool dad looks like.” 
JJR: Posted today at 7:45
I think your mum’s cool. But why are you friends with her online??!!?? She’s your mother, not your
friend!
Zoe: Posted today at 21:01
My mum got me a fantastic new laptop for my birthday, so when she wanted to be my online friend, I
couldn’t say no! Sometimes, she’s at work and I’m at home, and she wants to have a real-time chat with
me online! I just go offline. I love chatting to my friends, but I can chat to Mum when I get home.
Ross: Posted yesterday at 17:26
Zoe, your mum wants to stay young, and why not? Her generation wore denim miniskirts before our
generation. You say she’s great fun - that’s more important than the clothes she wears. Most parents don’t
understand the virtual world, but you’re lucky - your mother has a homepage and knows how to use it. I
think that’s great. 

Task 1. What is Zoe’s problem? Circle the correct answer.

A. She thinks her mother looks like Madonna.
B. She wants a new laptop.
C. She doesn’t like her mother’s clothes.

Task 2. Match the words in bold in the text with the definitions below.
1. ____laptop ______ : a portable computer
2. _____online _____ : connected to the Net
3. ____homepage ______ : the first page on a website
4. _____offline _____ : disconnected from the Net
5. _____upload _____ : put something on the Net
6. _____real-time _____ : in the present

Task 3. Read the blog again. Are the sentences true (T) or false (F)?
1. Zoe’s friends get on well with her mother. __T___
2. Zoe’s mother wears normal clothes for her age. __F___
3. Benny’s mother looks old for her age. __T___
4. Jolie’s father likes slogans. ___F__
5. JJR thinks it’s okay for Zoe to be online friends with her mother. __F___
6. Zoe likes chatting to her mother online. __F___
7. Zoe couldn’t say ‘no’ to her mother’s offer to be her online friend due to her new laptop. __T___
8. Ross thinks Zoe’s mother is different from most other mothers. __T___

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III. Read the text and do the tasks that follow.
BRIDGING THE GENERATION GAP
with empathy
A One of the most important jobs parents have is to teach children about the world and how to live
successfully. However, every generation grows up in a world different from their parents’. This often
leads to young people feeling that their parents don’t understand them, and to parents feeling that their
kids’ values are wrong. This difference in attitudes and lack of understanding is called the generation
gap.
B The effect of the generation gap on families is obvious: parents and children frequently disagree about
everything from clothes to music to careers. But the generation gap can also be felt in the workplace. As
young employees enter companies, they may have completely different expectations from the older
generation working in the company. Ideas about work-life balance, what makes a ‘good’ job, and how
managers and employees should talk to each other may be very different. This can lead to frustration for
everyone.
C But does it have to be this way? While it seems obvious to think of your own generation as ‘us’ and the
other generations as ‘them’, if we redefine ‘us’ as ‘our family’ or ‘our company’, then we can see both
generations as being on the same side - playing for the same team. And if we then truly listen to the
people around us - older and younger - with empathy, we can begin to accept that our differences may
make us stronger as a team. This means, of course, we also expect parents to learn from their children.
D That doesn’t mean that parents need to adopt their kids’ dress sense or listen to their music, but it does
mean that parents may need to learn more about the role of technology - for example, social media - in
their kids’ lives, and possibly even to try it for themselves before they criticize it.
E Here are three tips for bridging the generation gap:
• Get to know other generations. Try to socialize with people who are both younger and older than you.
• Learn to really listen and not just think about what you’re going to say next.
• Remember: You can learn from anyone, whether they’re older or younger than you.
F The generation gap isn’t going to go away, because the world won’t stop changing. But if we start to
think of it as a source of learning and growth rather than just a conflict, we may make the world a better
place for everyone.

Task 1. Decide whether the sentences are true (T) or false (F), and correct the false ones.
1. The author wrote the text to explore the generation gap and problems it can cause, and to suggest a
possible solution.
___________T_______________________________________________________________________
2. The main idea is that it is almost impossible for people from different generations to understand one
another.
___F. By using empathy, people of different ages can communicate and learn to work together better.
______
3. The text doesn’t inform or teach us, because its purpose is to persuade and influence.
_______F. It informs and teaches because it explains what the generation gap is, the problems it might
cause, and a possible solution __________

Task 2. Read the text again. Match each statement 1-6 to the paragraphs A-F that gives the
information.
1. The writer suggests a change in thinking: choosing to see other generations as working with you rather
than against you. __C____
2. It’s a good idea to get to know people who aren’t your age, and to hear what they think. __E____
3. The generation gap is the difference between the way older and younger people see the world. __A____
4. The generation gap affects people in their job because it means that people of different ages working
together may have very different opinions. __B___
5. The generation gap isn’t necessarily just a problem; it can also be a great opportunity for learning.
__F____
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6. Parents should learn about their children’s world and not just say they don’t like it. __D____

Task 3. Which statement gives the best conclusion of the text?

a. Learning and change are both easier for younger people.
b. Technology often causes conflict between young and old.
c. Differences can be good if we take time to understand them.
IV. Read the text and do the tasks that follow.
SMART SCREENS?
How much screen time do you allow your children? This has become one of the most challenging
issues of modern parenting. Most experts are in agreement that screen time should be limited and warn
against allowing children to spend too long in front of a screen. However, it’s not always so easy to follow
their advice. Clearly, children can’t see the potential harm that an excessive amount of time spent in front of
a screen might do. Furthermore, peer pressure means that they feel unfairly disadvantaged when their parents
say they must switch their electronic devices off, which in turn often leads to stressful family situations. It’s
easy to see why so many parents give in and let their children look at screens for far too long. Unfortunately,
this quick and simple solution creates greater problems in the long term, such as the negative effects on
attention span, fitness levels and mood, as children become more and more irritable after being exposed to so
much screen time. Of course, this is a situation that has been with us since popularisation of TV in the 1960s;
it’s just with the predominance of screen in modern life, it’s become a lot more serious.
Task 1. Choose another suitable title for the text among those below. There are three extra titles that
you do not need.
A. The consequences of 24-hour availability
B. It’s a rich person’s world
C. Parents need to establish limits
D. Fewer screens, better lives
Task 2. Which of the following cues does the text talk about? There are two extra ones that you do not
need.
a. the harm screens can do even when we’re not watching them
b. the effects of screen time on the family
c. the effects of spending too much time in front of a screen
d. how it’s almost impossible to live without a screen

V. Read the passage about parent teenager problems, and then answer the questions.
Parent - Teenager Problems
Parent - teenager problems are a common thing in most households. Reasons for problems between
teenagers and parents vary greatly, and each situation is different from another, but there are common
reasons for parent teenager problems.
First, a teenager is getting bad grades at school. This can cause a problem because the parents of a teen
who is not getting the best grades in school will be worried about him graduating from high school and
getting into college. Also, if a teen gets bad grades, he probably will not get any scholarships for school,
which can be a hardship on parents.
Next, a teen is hanging out with a bad crowd. A teenager who has friends that do things their parents do
not approve of can end up doing those things too, and the teen’s friends will probably not be received well
by the parents.
Then, a parent who is very strict with their teenager will probably have problems with him at some
point. It is important to be firm, but not very firm, since this may make a teenager want to rebel even more.
If you are having problems with your parents, you will probably want to fix them. Lack of
communication causes a lot of problems between parents and teenagers. It is important for both parties to
communicate. You should do things together with your parents, such as going to a movie or playing board
games, or go to a family counselor.

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 Fixing a family problem might seem hard, but as long as everyone communicates his or her feelings,
everything should work out in the end.
1. What are the common reasons for parent teenager problems?
_____They are: a teenager is getting bad grades at school, a teen is hanging out with a bad crowd, and a
parent is very strict with their teenager___________
2. What are the effects of bad grades of a teen at school?
______That teen may have difficulty in graduating from high school and getting into college, or getting
scholarships for school____________
3. Why do parents worry when their teen is hanging out with a bad crowd?
________Because their teen can end up doing those bad things too________________
4. When does a teenager want to rebel?
________A teenager wants to rebel when his parent is very strict with him_________________
5. What are the ways to fix the problems between parents and their teens?
_______They are: both parties should communicate with each other, teenagers should do things together
with their parents, or they go to a family counselor____________

III. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
Dating Customs Around the World
Dating is rare in Afghanistan because most marriages are arranged by parents, and schools are separate
for boys and girls. The opportunities to meet are rare. Girls have a 7:00 pm curfew, while boys have an
11:00 pm curfew.
It is against the law to date in Iran. Teens are separated until they are of marrying age, then their families
introduce them to each other and sometimes a courtship follows.
Most teens go out in large groups and don’t pair off until they are 18 or 19 years old in Australia. Girls
often ask boys out and pay for the date, too. Couples often go to dinner parties, barbecues, or the beach.
Dating is usually a group event in Europe. In Spain, teens join a pandilla, a club for a group of friends
with the same interests, like cycling or hiking. Dating is done one-to-one and both girls and boys ask each
other out and split the cost of the evening’s entertainment.
In Russia, dates take place at dances or at clubs where teens eat or chat with friends. As many as 30
teens may come to a cinema to attend a movie together. In small towns, teens meet in the streets downtown
or gather around a fountain.
In Japan and Korea, most high school students don’t date or go to parties, but spend their time studying
instead. Dating begins in college, when only boys do the asking and pay for the dates.
1. In Muslim countries as Afghanistan and Iran, dating is ________.
A. arranged by parents B. introduced by families
C. after a courtship D. rare or prohibited
2. All of the following are true about dating in Australia EXCEPT that ________.
A. they often go out in large groups
B. only girls ask boys out and pay for the date
C. they are not often in a relationship until the age of 18 or 19
D. the most venues for dating are dinner parties, barbecues, or the beach
3. In Spain when having a date, teenagers ________.
A. with the same interests often go to a club
B. go cycling or hiking in pairs
C. boys often pay for the cost of the entertainment
D. join a pandilla to enjoy the evening’s entertainment
4. In Russia, teenagers ________.
A. meet in the streets near their houses in small towns
B. gather around in order to have a fountain
C. have dating at cinemas, dances, or clubs
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 D. may come to a cinema when the number of them is 30
5. In Japan and Korea, _______.
A. female college students can ask boys for dating
B. most college students concentrate on studying instead of dating
C. dating is very rare for high school students
D. high school students often go to parties and share the cost

VII. Read the passage, and then decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).
Family rules help children understand which behaviors are acceptable and not acceptable. As children
grow, they will be in places where they have to follow rules. Following rules at home can help children learn
to follow rules in other places.
It is normal for children to break rules and test limits. Breaking a rule is a child’s way of learning about
his world. Remember, young kids sometimes break rules because they simply forget. Not all broken rules
occur because kids are testing the limits.
For family rules to work well, everyone needs to know, understand, and follow the rules. By doing this,
children don’t get confused about the family rules. For example, you may feel that jumping on the bed is a
dangerous behavior. You set a family rule that, “The bed will be used only for sitting, lying, or sleeping.” If
another adult jumps on the bed, your child may be confused. Your child may think this behavior is
sometimes okay. This is true for parents, grandparents, or any other adult in your child’s life.
The number of rules you set depends on your child’s ability to understand and remember. It is also hard
for parents to consistently enforce lots of new rules. For young children, focus on only two or three of the
most important rules at any one time. As your child learns a rule and is following it consistently, you can add
new rules.
1. Family rules are useful for children’s future life. ___T____
2. Sometimes a child breaks the rule to experience the world around him. ___T____
3. All the children who break the rules are stubborn and bad. ___F____
4. Family rules should be applied the same to all members. ___T____
5. Young children are interested in new rules and follow them consistently. ___F____
6. It is difficult to set the same number of rules for all the families. ___T____

VIII. Read the passage about family rules, and then answer the questions.
Just like any institution, a family also needs rules. Rules are very important because they keep things
in order. For a family, rules are as necessary as food and clothing. The rules are very important because they
maintain peace and order in the family. For example, children should respect and listen to their parents.
If there are decisions to be made, for example, it is not only the parents who are going to decide
especially if the children are already grown up. It would be better if everybody is involved in making the
decision of important matters.
Rules are needed to maintain a harmonious relationship among family members. Parents are there the
pillars of the family and to guide the children to be responsible and practise good values.
Rules teach children to become more responsible and have discipline not only at home but especially
outside of the home. When there are rules to follow, the children will know what they should and should not
do. Rules help to avoid conflict and misunderstanding that may lead to fights and aggression, especially
among children. Parents should set rules for the children to follow to avoid quarrels and fights. There are
times when children fight over simple matters and this happens if the parents do not interfere but when
parents set the rules and let the children follow there will be fewer or no conflicts.
1. Why are family rules important?
______Because they maintain peace and order in the family__________
2. Who should be involved in making the decision of important matters?
_______Everyone should be involved in making the decision of important matters_________
3. What is the role of parents in family life?

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______They are the pillars of the family and to guide the children to be responsible and practise good
values________
4. What are the benefits of family rules for children?
______They teach children to become more responsible and have discipline not only at home but especially
outside of the home_______
5. What can family rules prevent?
_______They can prevent conflict, misunderstanding, quarrels and fights among children___________

2E. Speaking
• Everyday English
I. Choose the correct response. Then practise the short exchanges in pairs.
1. A: My parents don’t let me do what I want. B: a/ I think you have supportive parents.
b/ I think they should respect your privacy.
2. A: My parents want me to follow in their B: a/ They walk fast - you can’t catch them up.
footsteps. b/ I think you have your own dreams of job.
3. A: Do you help with housework? B: a/ Certainly. All of us share the chores.
b/ My parents say I don’t study enough.
4. A: Is there any generation gap in your family? B: a/ No. I live in a nuclear family.
b/ No. My parents are very understanding.
5. A: How can I make my own decisions? B: a/ You try to explain them to your parents.
b/ Your parents will respect your privacy.
6. A: Are there any ways to avoid conflicts and B: a/ You should set the family rules.
arguments in the family? b/ There are only trivial things. Don’t worry.
7. A: My parents don’t allow me to play computer B: a/ You can do it when you finish homework.
games! b/ You needn’t ask their permission.
8. A: My mother dressed badly and had an ugly B: a/ She looked younger and nicer, didn’t she?
hairstyle yesterday, Dad.
b/ No. They were popular 20 years ago.
9. A: Who do you talk with when you have
problems? B: a/ Only serious problems
10. A: Should I tell my parents before I make b/ My mum, of course.
important decisions? B: a/ Of course. It’s a must.
b/ Certainly. You’re mature enough.

• Talking about different generations of the family

II. Complete the conversation with the correct phrases/clauses below.
A. sorry D. I think that’s a bit unfair
B. I really think E. In my opinion
C. I disagree F. What do you think?
Mum: I’ve told you to tidy your room 100 times!
Son: I’m 1_____A. sorry____________, but I haven’t had time.
Mum: Yes, you have. Saturday afternoon?
2
Son: _______C. I disagree_________- I was at the cinema on Saturday.
Mum: Well, you could do it now - 3______F. What do you think?________
4
Son: ________E. In my opinion_______, now it isn’t a good time.
5
Mum: _____D. I think that’s a bit unfair________- now it is perfect. Off you go!
Son: Oh, Mum, 6______B. I really think______ it’s a bit unfair.

III. Complete the conversation about fights between teenagers and their parents, using the responses
(A-G) given. There are two extra ones.

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 A. But these small things can make teens angry because they feel their parents don’t respect them and
aren’t giving them space to do what they like.
B. But when kids grow up and become teens, they develop their own identity that is different from their
parents’.
C. It can take several years for parents and teens to adjust to their new roles, though. In the meantime,
concentrate on communicating with your parents as much as you can.
D. In most families, the fact that kids make their own decisions can cause a lot of fighting between teens
and parents.
E. For example, if you are willing to clean your room in order to stay out an hour later, both you and
your parents walk away with a good deal.
F. The good news about fighting with parents is that they get more comfortable with the idea that their
teens have a right to certain opinions and an identity that may be different from theirs.
G. Oh, a lot. The clothes you wear, the food you eat, the posters on your bedroom walls, where you go,
and the friends you have.
Sam: Nick, what fights are there between a teenager and the parents?
Nick: 1 __________G. Oh, a lot. The clothes you wear, the food you eat, the posters on your bedroom
walls, where you go, and the friends you have.________
Sam: Right. Our parents often make decisions about everything in our lives.
Nick: It’s a good thing because small kids need this kind of protection and assistance.
2
____________B. But when kids grow up and become teens, they develop their own identity that is
different from their parents’._______________
Sam: I agree with you. When we grow up, we can make our own decisions. Our parents aren’t used to the
new situation yet. They only know us as the kid who had everything decided and didn’t mind.
Nick: 3 ______D. In most families, the fact that kids make their own decisions can cause a lot of fighting
between teens and parents._______. We want to cover our walls with new posters but they don’t
understand why we don’t like the childish wallpaper anymore.
Sam Clashes like these small things are very common between teens and parents.
Nick 4 __________A. But these small things can make teens angry because they feel their parents don’t
respect them and aren’t giving them space to do what they like._____________
Sam That’s right. And parents also get angry because they disagree with the teens’ decisions.
Nick 5 ______F. The good news about fighting with parents is that they get more comfortable with the idea
that their teens have a right to certain opinions and an identity that may be different from theirs.____

• Asking for and giving permission

IV. Choose the correct responses.
1. “Can I try your new camera?” - “_______”
A. I’m sorry I can’t. Let’s go now. B. Sure. I’d love to.
C. Sure. But please be careful with it. D. I’m sorry. I’m home late.
2. “May I speak to the manager?” - “_______”
A. He always comes late. He is not very well. B. Thank you. Goodbye.
C. I’m afraid he’s not in. Can I take a message? D. I’m afraid not. He works very hard.
3. “_______” - “Yes, it’s OK. But could you clean your room first?”
A. Would you like to go to Helen’s party this weekend?
B. Can I go to Helen’s party this weekend?
C. What time does Helen’s party begin this weekend?
D. I don’t like the noise at parties.
4. “Could I speak to Ann?” - “_______”
A. This is Daisy speaking. B. Can I take a message?
C. Just a moment. I’m coming. D. I’m sorry. Ann’s not in.
5. “Do you mind if I use your phone?” - “_______”

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 A. Not at all. Help yourself. B. You can say that again.
C. Sorry, I have no idea. D. Certainly, it’s true.
6. “Would you mind if I shut the window?” - “_______”
A. Yes, please shut. B. Yes, I wouldn’t mind.
C. No, please do. D. No, don’t shut it.
7. Peter: “Do you mind my taking this seat?” - Jean: “_______”
A. Yes, sit down please. B. No, of course not.
C. Yes, take it please. D. No, you can’t take it.
8. Jane: “Would you mind if I use your computer for an hour?” - Tony: “_______”
A. Not at all. I’ve finished my job. B. Yes, you can’t use it.
C. Of course. I still need it now. D. Yes, it’s all right.
9. Patient: “Can I make an appointment to see the doctor, please?” - Receptionist: “_______”
A. Not at the moment. He can’t be disturbed. B. OK, you will need to check my diary.
C. OK, let me check the diary. D. Have a seat and I’ll be with you in an hour.
10. “Would you bother if I had a look at your paper?” - “_______”
A. You’re welcome. B. Well, actually I’d rather you didn’t.
C. That’s a good idea. D. Oh, I didn’t realize that.

2F. Writing
• An opinion essay about limiting teenagers’ screen time
I. Match the first halves to the second ones to make meaningful sentences.
1. When parents limit their children’s screen time,
2. When parents limit our screen time,
3. Another reason for the issue is
4. Technology is very popular, but
5. Lacking face-to-face interactions may lead

___3__ A. the lack of face-to-face interactions.

__5___ B. them to spend more time on screen.
___2__ C. we lose the opportunity to learn to self-regulate.
___1__ D. they are taking away their children’s independence.
___4__ E. some teenagers still interact face-to-face all the time.

II. Complete the opinion essay about limiting teenagers’ screen time with the phrases given.
A. likely to have foods high in fat and sugar
B. the more likely he will be to have trouble falling asleep or maintaining a regular sleep
C. less likely to be active
D. too much of it may have a negative effect on a child’s development and overall well-being
E. attention problems and behavioural issues
F. inconsistent sleep, obesity or problems with behaviour and attention

Although some screen time can be educational, 1______D. too much of it may have a negative effect on a
child’s development and overall well-being_____. An excess amount of screen time can increase the risk of
2
________F. inconsistent sleep, obesity or problems with behaviour and attention_________________
The more screen time a child has, 3________B. the more likely he will be to have trouble falling asleep or
maintaining a regular sleep______. Children who watch TV with a lot of advertisements for fast food are
more 4___________A. likely to have foods high in fat and sugar_______. Children who spend excessive
amounts of time in front of a screen are also 5_________C. less likely to be active__________.

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Excessive media use can lead to difficulties in school, 6________E. attention problems and behavioural
issues_____________.

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