BIM FUNDAMENTALS

Why BIM is not just REVIT?

▪ BIM is a process, a methodology and Revit is a single application built for Building Information Modeling with
features for the three main disciplines of the AEC industry, (Architectural, MEP- Mechanical, Electrical and
Plumbing, Structural engineering)

▪ BIM process includes BIM standards and frameworks, BIM authoring tools, BIM analysis tools, BIM coordination
tools, and BIM visualization tools

▪ There is no singular “BIM tool” that can accommodate all the required modelling needs for a project

▪ In BIM you should work with a BIM Execution plan, a CDE, (Common Data Environment), follow a LoD strategy,
(amount of information inserted on each project stage), create Cobie Sheets, work with SMPs, (Standards,
Methods and Procedures), Clash reports and 4D Construction Sequencing

▪ Understand the BIM Process

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BIM Vision and Mission
▪ Better understandability to the Project Deliverables for each stage and the level of Level of Details required will
reduce redundancy, excessive work, better output for the client requirements

▪ Thinking for the whole project process requirement rather than task requirement

▪ Work with parametric objects and standards (ISO 19650) , example Modelling the Reinforcement in REVIT as
Annotation vs Family for the benefits of the estimation of Reinforcement rates

▪ Boost Productivity and Improve Performance

▪ Using the right BIM tool for the right task and not just limited to REVIT capabilities

▪ Accelerate time for tasks by using more efficient tools for the right task, example for Quantities Estimation using
Revit vs Naviswork

▪ 3D Visualization and Simulation - This allows better communication with the client and team

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BIM Vision and Mission
▪ Interoperability, and Connect project teams

▪ BIM is revolutionizing the way projects are

delivered across industries, adding intelligence and
efficiency to project execution–and connecting
teams, data, and workflows at every stage of the
project in the cloud for better project outcomes

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What’s BIM ?
 Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a digital representation of a building's physical and
functional characteristics
 BIM includes a 3D model of the building with Information about its Components, Materials,
Energy Efficiency, and Structural Integrity
 BIM allows architects, engineers, and construction professionals to Collaborate and make
informed decisions throughout the Design and Construction Process
 BIM can simulate how a building will perform under different conditions, helping to identify
potential problems and Improve the Design, Construction, and Maintenance
 BIM can Save Time and Money by identifying problems before they occur and facilitating
better decision-making

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Traditional Vs BIM Info. Exchange

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Open BIM
 openBIM® extends the benefits of BIM
(Building Information Modeling) by
improving the accessibility, usability,
management and sustainability of
digital data in the built asset industry
 openBIM® is a collaborative process
that is Vendor-Neutral
 openBIM® processes can be defined as
sharable project information that
supports seamless collaboration for all
project participants

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 Open BIM
openBIM® ensures that
 Interoperability is key to the digital
transformation in the built asset industry
 Open and Neutral Standards should be
developed to facilitate interoperability
 Collaboration Workflows are enhanced by
open and agile data formats
 Flexibility of choice of technology creates
more value to all stakeholders
 Sustainability is safeguarded by long-term
interoperable data standards

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Open BIM vs Closed (Native) BIM
 The difference between BIM and openBIM® is that
openBIM® processes only require the use of open
standards (open data formats) in data sharing to create
and update the construction information model, while
BIM also allows the use of closed formats, thus leading
to the so-called closed BIM
 In an openBIM® workflow, the entire process is based
on standard formats such as IFC for exchanging
information between programs, rather than proprietary
formats
 This sharing of data using open standards means that
information can be easily used in different applications
to streamline workflows and minimize errors

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Standard OpenBIM

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Standard OpenBIM

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Interoperability
 The ability of Diverse Systems (and organizations) to work together seamlessly without Data
Loss and without a special effort.
 Interoperability may refer to systems, processes, file formats, etc.
 Interoperable file formats can be proprietary-closed (e.g. RVT), proprietary-open (e.g. DWF)
and non-proprietary (e.g.IFC)

Open Format - IFC

(Change by request)
Exchange process in the context of BIM

Model Creation Model Exchange

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BIM Dimensions
BIM Dimensions refer to different Types of Data that can be included in a BIM model

 The 3D Dimension represents the Physical Geometry of the building or structure

 The 4D Dimension adds the element of Time, allowing for scheduling and sequencing of
construction activities
 The 5D Dimension includes Cost information, enabling better cost estimation and
control
 The 6D Dimension adds Sustainability information, such as energy consumption and
carbon footprint
 The 7D Dimension includes Facility Management Information such as planning and
management of maintenance operations throughout the building’s lifecycle

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 BIM Dimensions
In addition to the 7 dimensions mentioned above, there is now an open debate on three
“New Dimensions of BIM” including:

 The 8D Dimension represents safety during design and construction

 The 9D Dimension represents lean construction
 The 10D Dimension represents construction industrialization
 Each Dimension builds upon the previous one, creating a more comprehensive and
detailed model
 BIM modelers can simulate the construction process and identify potential clashes or
conflicts before they occur on site using the 4D Dimension
 By considering all dimensions, BIM modelers can create more efficient and sustainable
buildings that meet the needs of all stakeholders

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BIM Dimensions

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BIM LoDs – American Standard
 LOD 100 - Concept - there are no geometric info in the model elements, only symbols
with attached approximate info
 LOD 200 - Design Development - The elements in this BIM level serve as Generic
Placeholders, representing future elements and equipment, while also facilitating
coordination and space allocation between different disciplines
 LOD 300 - Documentation - This level of BIM should provide Accurate Measurements,
precise locations, and detailed information to support design intent, costing, bidding,
and the generation of construction documents and shop drawings
 LOD 350 - This BIM level focuses on Comprehensive Cross-trade Coordination,
incorporating connections and interfaces between different disciplines
 LOD 400 - Construction - This level supports Detailing, Fabrication and Installation/
assembly, The contractor will be able to split construction requirements and assign to
subcontracts
 LOD 500 - Facilities Management - This BIM level ensures that geometry and data are
as-built and field verified, providing adequate support for operations and maintenance
purposes.
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BIM LoDs – American Standard

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BIM LoDs – ISO 19650 Standard
 BS EN ISO 19650 Guidance Part D has removed the acronyms LOD, LOI, and LOMD
 ISO 19650 Concepts and Principles Guidance states that "level of information need"
should not be abbreviated
 The Level of Information need is a framework for defining information across four facets:
Purpose, Content, Form, and Format
 It helps to define the quality, quantity, and granularity of Information Requirements
 The framework is used to communicate clearly the Degree of Information Required
according to its purpose
 The level of information need framework helps to define the Minimum Information
Requirements for each purpose
 Any additional information beyond the minimum requirements is considered Waste

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BIM Maturity Levels
 Level 0 represents traditional 2D CAD drafting
 BIM level 1 does not involve interoperability; it only automates the generation of Design
Documents
 BIM level 2 focuses on federated models and file-based collaboration, requiring a combination
of 3D native models and COBie data. However, it does not require real interoperability
 BIM level 3 is where true integrated interoperable data is achieved
 BIM level 3 requires the development of an open data standard for global sharing of project
data
 BIM level 3 also requires the creation of new Contractual Frameworks for promoting
collaboration and consistency
 Each level represents an increase in sophistication and complexity of BIM usage

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BIM Maturity Levels

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BIM Adoption Matrix

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BIM Adoption Matrix
 The BIM Maturity Matrix (BIm3) is a Knowledge Tool for identifying the current BIM
Maturity of organization or Project Team
 The BIm³ has two axes - BIM Capability Sets and the BIM Maturity Index
 To benefit from BIm3, it is important to first review the concepts of BIM Capability
and BIM Maturity
 BIM Capability refers to the minimum abilities of an organization or team to deliver
measurable outcomes
 BIM Capability is measured through BIM Stages separated by BIM Steps
 BIM Maturity refers to the gradual and continual improvement in quality,
repeatability and predictability within available BIM Capability
 BIM Maturity is measured through the BIM Maturity Index which has five levels

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BIM Maturity

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BIM Workflow
1. Pre-BIM status
 Manual 2D CAD tools and processes
 Tools similar to AutoCAD are used to generate scaled drawings and details

2. BIM Stages
 Modelling, Implementation of an object-based software like Revit, ArchiCAD and Tekla
 Collaboration, Collaborate with other disciplinary through interoperable exchange of models
(RVT, NWD, IFC,..)
 Integration, Models are interdisciplinary allowing complex analyses at early stages of virtual
design and construction

3. Post BIM
 The ultimate goal of employing virtual design, construction and operation concepts and tools

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BIM Workflow

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BIM Fields
 BIM Fields refer to all topics,
activities, and actors across
the BIM domain
 The Venn diagram (three
overlapping circles) identifies
Field Types (Technology,
Process and Policy), Field
Components (Players,
Deliverables and
Requirements), Field
interactions and Field overlaps

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BIM Tools/Software

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 BIM Tools/Software
 Data Visualization (Data Studio Software )
Allows users to create interactive dashboards of building information
The software also provides data analysis and reporting tools

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 BIM Tools/Software
 Building Performance Analysis (CYPE Software)
Allows users to simulate and analyze various construction scenarios, including energy performance,
ventilation, and acoustics

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 BIM Tools/Software
 Collaboration (BIM TRACK)
Allows project teams to manage and share building information, including drawings, documents,
and schedules
It also provides real-time communication tools and issue tracking

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 BIM Tools/Software
 Design (Revit)
Allows users to create detailed 3D models of buildings. It also provides documentation and
scheduling tools

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 BIM Tools/Software
 Visualization (Enscape)
Allows users to create photorealistic renderings of buildings and components
It also provides real-time 3D visualization and virtual reality capabilities

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 BIM Tools/Software
 Clash Detection (Navisworks)
Allows users to detect and resolve clashes between different building systems, components, and
disciplines
It also provides visualization and reporting tools

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 BIM Tools/Software
 Facility Management (ARCHIBUS)
Allows users to manage and track building components, including their location and condition
It also provides tools for planning and scheduling maintenance and repair activities

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 BIM Tools/Software
 Data Management (Viewpoint)
Allows users to manage all building information, including drawings, documents, and schedules
It also provides reporting and analytics tools to help project teams make informed decisions

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 Thank You

Alaa Saad Nourhan Serag

Architect Structural Engineer
BIM Specialist BIM Coordinator