LESSON PLAN

LESSON PLAN
ON
FAYE ABDELLAH
THEORY

SUBMITTED TO:
Mrs. Sweety
Assistant Professor
M.Sc (OBG Nursing)

SUBMITTED BY:
Jatinder Kaur
M.Sc 1st Year (Child Health Nursing)
Adarsh College Of Nursing, Patiala
 LESSON PLAN
Title of course: Teaching Practice
Unit:Nursing Theories
Topic: Faye Abdellah Theory.
Name of the student teacher: Jatinder kaur
Duration: 45 minutes
Date and Time: 09-11-2019
Place: M.Sc Nursing Ist year class room
Group of students: M.Sc Nursing Ist year
Method of teaching: Lecture cum Discussion
AV Aids: PPT, Chalk Board
Previous knowledge: Students have some knowledge regarding Faye Abdellah Theory.
General Objectives: At the end of teaching students will be able to acquire knowledge regarding Faye Abdellah Theory
Specific Objectives: At the end of teaching students will be able to:
1. To provide an overview of Theory
2. To describe the achievement of theorist
3. To explain the 21 nursing problems
4. To discuss the Metaparadigms of the theory.
5. To explain the contribution of the theory in nursing practice.
6. To outline the contribution of the theory in research
7. To discuss the application of theory.
8. To outline the limitations of the theory
S. Tim Specific Content Teaching AV- Evaluation
no. objectives Learning Aids
Activity

1. 2 To provide Faye Glenn Abdellah was one of the most influential nursing theorist and Lecture- PPT,
min an overview public health scientists. It is extremely rare to find someone who has cum- Chalk
of Theory dedicated all her life to the advancement of the nursing profession and discussion Board
accomplish this feat with so much distinction and merit. .

2. 4 To describe Faye Glenn Abdellah was born on March 13, 1919, in New York City. Lecture- PPT, Describe
min the EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS. In 1942, Abdellah earned a nursing cum- Chalk the
achievement diploma from Fitkin Memorial Hospitals School of Nursing New Jersey (now discussion Board achieveme
of theorist Ann May School of Nursing). She received her Bachelor of Science Degree nt of
in 1945, a Master of Arts degree in 1947 and Doctor of Education in theorist?
Teacher’s College, Columbia University. In 1947 she also took Master of
Arts Degree in Physiology.

Abdellah went on to become a nursing instructor and researcher and helped

transform the focus of the profession from disease centered to patient
centered. She expanded the role of nurses to include care of families and the
elderly. She worked in many settings. She had been a staff nurse, a head
nurse, a faculty member at Yale University and at Columbia University, a
public health nurse, a researcher and an author of more than 147 articles and
books. She was selected as Deputy Surgeon General in 1982. She retired in
1989.

1937 – She wanted to be a nurse on the day she saw Hindenburg explode.
 1949 – She spent 40 years in Public Health Service where she first became
involved in research, being assigned to perform studies to improve nursing
practices.

1960 – She was influenced by the desire to promote client- centered

comprehensive nursing care.

3. 10 To explain 1. To maintain good hygiene and physical comfort –After colonoscopy, Lecture- PPT, Explain the
min the 21 patients are usually soiled from theprocedure. It is therefore important to cum- Chalk 21 nursing
nursing clean themproperly. Physical comfort through proper positioningin bed. discussion Board problems?
problems
2. To promote optimal activity: exercise, rest, andsleep – Patients who were
sedated during theprocedure stay in the unit until the effect of thesedation has
decreased to a safe level. As anurse, make sure the patients are able to rest
andsleep well by providing a conducive environment forrest, such as
decreasing environmental noise anddimming the light if necessary.

3. To promote safety through prevention ofaccident, injury, or other trauma

and through theprevention of the spread of infection – Making surethe side
rails are always up when leaving the patient .one way we prevent the spread
of infection is throughproper disinfection of the equipments.

4. To maintain good body mechanics and prevent andcorrect deformity –

Positioning the patient properly, allowing for the normal anatomical position
of body parts.

5. Facilitate the maintenance of a supply of oxygen to all body cells –when

patients manifest breathing problems, oxygen is attached tothem, usually via
nasal cannula. Sedated patients are attached to cardiac monitor and pulse oxy
meter while having the oxygendelivered. When the oxygen saturation falls
below the normallevels, the rate of oxygen is increased accordingly, as per
physiciansorder.

6. To facilitate the maintenance of nutrition of all body cells –patients

undergoing endoscopic procedures are on NPO. For thisreason it is important
to monitor the blood glucose level. When thepatients’ blood glucose falls
from the normal value, we inject D50Wto the patient or we change the
patients IVF to a dextrose containingfluid.

7. To facilitate the maintenance of elimination – Providingbedpans or urinals

to patients and at times, insertion of Foley’s catheter when the patient is not
able to void.

8. To facilitate the maintenance of fluid and electrolytebalance – Proper

regulation of the intravenous solutions as wellas proper incorporations it may
have. An example is whenpatients have low serum potassium; KCl is
incorporated in thesolution.

9. To recognize the physiological responses of the body todisease conditions

—pathological, physiological, andcompensatory – it is important to check the
patients for signs ofinternal gastrointestinal bleeding by monitoring the
bloodpressure and cardiac rate.

10.To facilitate the maintenance of regulatory mechanisms andfunctions –

When a patient has a difficulty in breathing and isshowing an increase
respiratory rate, elevating the head part ofthe bed is done to facilitate the
respiratory function.

11. To facilitate the maintenance of sensory function –Sometimes there are

semi-conscious patients, in these cases, itis still necessary to talk to them
while performing nursinginterventions to maintain their auditory sense.

12. To identify and accept positive and negativeexpressions, feelings, and

reactions – most patients feel anxiousbefore undergoing the procedures. It is
necessary to listen to thepatients expressions and allow them to ask questions.
To decreasetheir anxiety, proper instructions are given, what they are
toexpect, how long the procedure will take, what they should doduring and
after the procedure as well as other concerns.

13. To identify and accept interrelatedness of emotions and organicillness –

Encourage patients to verbalize their feelings and allowthem to cry when they
have the need to do so will help thememotionally. Some patients are
diagnosed with malignancy afterthe procedure and during this time the
emotional needs of thepatient is a priority.

14. To facilitate the maintenance of effective verbal andnonverbal

communication – when patients are not able toexpress themselves verbally, it
is important to assess fornonverbal cues. For instance when patients are in
pain, assessingfor facial grimacing.

15. To promote the development of productive interpersonalrelationships –

allow the patients significant others to stay withthe patient before and after
the procedure. This allows forbonding and promotes interpersonal
relationship.

16. To facilitate progress toward achievement of personalspiritual goals –

nurse usually visits the patients in the unit.Patients may benefit from this,
allowing them time to practicetheir faith.

17. To create and/or maintain a therapeutic environment -providing proper

 lighting, proper room temperature, a quietenvironment are done to patients
staying in the unit.

18. To facilitate awareness of self as an individual with varyingphysical,

emotional, and developmental needs – care topatients vary according to their
developmental needs. Allowingthe parents to stay during the procedure help
the pediatricpatients in their emotional and developmental needs.

19. To accept the optimum possible goals in the light oflimitations, physical,
and emotional – The goals for each patientvary depending on the capability of
the patient. The nutritionalgoal for a patient with a PEG tube for instance will
bedifferent, knowing that the patient has limited feeding options.

20. To use community resources as an aid in resolving problemsarising from

illness – Some patients live far from the city andthus referral to health centers
is sometimes done.

21. To understand the role of social problems as influencingfactors in the

cause of illness – Some patients who arediagnosed with amoebic colitis for
instance are advised to avoidbuying street foods to which the preparation they
are not sureof, and also avoid drinking water that are not safe.

4. 5 To discuss  Abdellah describes people as having physical, emotional, and sociological Lecture- PPT, Discuss the
min the needs. These needs may overt, consisting of largely physical needs, or cum- Chalk Metaparadi
Metaparadig covert, such as emotional, sociological and interpersonal needs- which are discussion Board gms of the
ms of the often missed and perceived incorrectly. The individuals (and families) are theory?
the recipients of nursing, and health, or achieving of it, is the purpose of
theory.
nursing services.
 Emphasis should be placed upon prevention and rehabilitation. Holistic
approach must be taken by the nurse to help the client achieve state of
health. However the nurse must accurately identify the lacks or deficits
 regarding health that the client is experiencing. These lacks or deficits are
the client’s health needs.
 The environment is implicitly defined by Abdellah as the home or
community from which patient comes. Society is included in “planning
for optimum health.” However, as Abdellah further delineated her ideas,
the focus of nursing service is clearly the individual.

 These would mean a comprehensive nursing service, this would include:

1. Recognizing the nursing problems of the patient.

2. Deciding the appropriate actions to take in terms of relevant nursing

principles.

3. Providing continuous care of the individual’s total health needs.4.

Providing continuous care to relieve pain and discomfort.

5. Adjusting total nursing care plan to meet the patient’s individual needs.

6. Helping the individual to become more self-directing in attaining or

maintaining a healthy state of mind and body.

7. Instructing nursing personnel and family to help theindividual8.

Helping the individual to adjust to his limitations and emotional problems.

9. Working with allied health professional in planning for optimum health

10. Carrying out continuous evaluation and research to improve nursing

techniques and to develop new techniques to meet all the health needs of
the people.
 Physical, Sociological, emotional Needsare Common Elements Of Patient
Interpersonal Relationship Area

5. 4 To explain Nursing Practice Lecture- PPT, Explain the

min the cum- Chalk contributio
contribution Abdeallah’s main goal is the improvement of the nursing education. discussion Board n of the
of the The most important impact of Abdellah’s theory to the nursing practice is that theory in
theory in it helped transform the focus of the profession from being “disease- centered” nursing
nursing to “patient-centered.” practice?
practice.
The steps of the nursing process are assessment, diagnosis, planning,
implementation and evaluation

Professors and educators realized the importance of client centered care rather
than focusing on medical interventions. Nursing education then slowly
deviated its concentration from the complex, medical concepts, into
exercising better attention to the client as the primary concern. It’s very strong
nurse-centered orientation—is, on the other hand, its major contribution to
nursing education.

6 5 To outline Her theories continue to guide researchers to focus on the body of nursing Lecture- PPT, Outline the
min the knowledge itself, the identification of patient problems, the organization of cum- Chalk contributio
contribution nursing interventions, the improvement of nursing education, and the discussion Board n of the
of the structure of the curriculum. theory in
theory in research?
research The extensive research done regarding the patient’s needs and problems has
served as a foundation for the development of what is now known as nursing
diagnoses.
 Nursing problems provide guidelines for the collection of data.

A principle underlying the problem solving approach is that for each

identified problem, pertinent data are collected.

The overt or covert nature of the problems necessitates a direct or indirect

approach, respectively.

7. 10 To discuss NURSING DIAGNOSIS Discuss the

min the The results of data collection would determine the client’s specific overt or application
application covert problems. of theory?
These specific problems would be grouped under one or more of the broader
of theory.
nursing problems.
This step is consistent with that involved in nursing diagnosis
PLANNING PHASEThe statements of nursing problems most closely
resemble goal statements. Once the problem has been diagnosed, the nursing
goals have been established.
IMPLEMENTATION
Using the goals as the framework, a plan is developed and appropriate
nursing interventions are determined.
EVALUATION
The most appropriate evaluation would be the nurse progress or lack of
progress toward the achievement of the stated goals.
The case of Similar He experienced severe chest pain. In addition he
experienced shortness of breath, tachycardia and profuse diaphoresis.
Assessmentreveals: cardiac Past History: The damage had gone through
similar episodes since past 2 years.
PAIN IMPAIRED CARDIAC FUNCTIONING` WORK RELATED
STRESS FAILURE TO SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION
36. STAGES OF Abdellah nursing
1. To maintain good oxygen concentration.
2. Elevate headrest (physical comfort)
 3. Reposition of client
4. Administer analgesics as advised.
5 To promote rest
9. Maintenance of Vital signs
10. Place in sitting supply of oxygen to position body cells
11. Promote deep breathing and coughing exercises
12. Implement exercises as tolerated
13. To identify and to find the nature of his knowledge ofneeds accept the job.
relationship interrelatedness of
14. Explore his work related between stress emotional and goal and his illness
organic illness
15. Identify stress associated with jobs.
Stages of illness:Abdellah Nursing interventions Criterion measure
problemsRestorative care 20 to use 1. Teach early Knowledge aboutneeds
community signs and the use of resources as and symptoms of community aid
in resolving problems arising distress from illness 2. Teach course of
action .Abdellah’s theory has interrelated the concepts of health, nursing
problems and problem solving as she attempts to create a different way of
viewing nursing phenomenon.

8. 2 To outline The major limitation of Abdellah theory and the twenty one nursing problems Outline the
min the is their very strong nursing centered orientation. With the orientation limitations
limitations appropriate use might be the organization of teaching content for nursing of the
students, the evaluation of a students, performance in the clinical area or both.
of the theory?
But in terms of client care there is little emphasis on what the client is to
theory achieve.
Using Abdellah’s concepts of health, nursing problems, and problem solving,
the theoretical statement of nursing that can be derived is the use of the
problem solving approach with key nursing problems related to health needs
of people. From this framework, 21 nursing problems were developed.
Abdellah’s theory provides a basis for determining and organizing nursing
 care. The problems also provide a basis for organizing appropriate nursing
strategies.
1 Conclusion :Faye Glenn Abdellah was one of the most influential nursing
min theorist and public health scientists. Faye Glenn Abdellah was born on March
13, 1919, in New York City. Abdellah went on to become a nursing instructor
and researcher and helped transform the focus of the profession from disease
centered to patient centered. She formulated a theory based on 21 nursing
problems

1 Bibliography:
min 1. Navdeep Kaur Brar, H C Rawat; A Textbook of Advanced Nursing
Practice; 3rd Edition; Jaypee Brothers and Medical publishers. P 553-
561
2. Nursing Theories
http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/nursing_theories.html

1 Recaptulization :
min 1. Describe the achievement of theorist?
2. Explain the 21 nursing problems?
3. Discuss the Metaparadigms of the theory?
4. Explain the contribution of the theory in nursing practice?
5. Outline the contribution of the theory in research?
6. Discuss the application of theory?
7. Outline the limitations of the theory?