Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region XII – SOCCSKSARGEN
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF KIDAPAWAN CITY

SIMPLIFIED SELF-LEARNING MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 8

Quarter 4/ Week 6

NAME:_________________________________________ GRADE and SECTION: ____________

SCHOOL: ______________________________________LRN:___________________________
SUBJECT TEACHER: _____________________________________________

I. Objective/s:
The Learner is expected to:
1. count the number of occurrences of an outcome in an experiment: (a) table; (b) tree diagram; (c)
systematic listing: and (d) fundamental counting principle; and (M8GE-IVf-g-1)
2. find the probability of a simple event. (M8GE-IVh-1)

II. Subject Matter: Introduction to Probability

III. Learning Resources:

Textbook: Mathematics Learner’s Module Grade 8 (pages 562-565)

IV. Procedure/ Learning Activities:

This Self-Learning Module was designed and written to help you count the number of possible
outcomes and then find the probability of an event.

A. Drill and Review/ Activating Prior Knowledge

Drill: Draw a ray to match the items from column Fraction to their equivalent in column Decimal
then to their equivalent in column Percent.

Fraction Decimal Percent

4/5 0.5 33.33%
1/3 2.0 80%
4/16 0.8 25%
12/6 0.333 50%
3/6 0.25 200%

Review: Study the Sam Wand’s answers below. If you were Sam, what would be your
answers?
Experiment Sample Space Sample Point
Sam Wand’s Picking up a number
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 7
answers from 1 to 10
Picking up a number
Probable answers 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 7
from 1 to 10
Your answers

B. Discussion: Read and study how to count or find the possible outcomes of an experiment in four
ways.
Examples:

Carmen plans to put up a business. She wants to produce and sell polvoron and pastillas. She
also wants to have three flavors for each: (1) ube, (2) pandan, and (3) durian. How many
variety of products can she produce?

Using Sample listing method

(ube flavored polvoron) (ube flavored pastillas)

(pandan flavored polvoron) (pandan flavored pastillas)
(durian flavored polvoron) (durian flavored pastillas)
 Based from this method, how many varieties are there? __________
Using Tree Diagram,

Pastillas Polvoron

Ube Pandan Durian

How many lines are drawn? ______ How many are the varieties or outcomes? ______

Using a Table,

Ube flavor Pandan flavor Durian flavor

Polvoron ube flavored polvoron pandan flavored polvoron durian flavored polvoron
Pastillas ube flavored pastillas pandan flavored pastillas durian flavored pastillas

How many varieties of product can be produced? ___________

How do you find the three methods in counting the number of possible outcomes?

I find that ________________________________________________________

What if Carmen wants to have25 flavors for each product, which of the three methods will you use?
Why? Are you willing to do it at this instance?

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

There is an easier way to find out the total outcomes. It is by using the Fundamental Counting
Principle.

2 products x 3 flavors = 6 varieties or possible outcomes.

Activity 1:

Situation: If you roll 2 dices (with 6 equal sides), how many outcomes are possible? To do that, complete the
table below.

sides 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1,1
2 2,6
3 3,4
4 4,2
5
6

How many pairs or possible outcomes are there? _______________

How many pairs have 3 from the sample space? ________________

Now let us put this to application, find the probability of having a pair with 3. How?

Number of Favorable Outcomes

P (event) =
Number of Possible Outcomes
11
=
36

The probability of the event which is having a pair with 3 is 11/36.

2
 From the same table, how about the probability of having a pair with both 6 and 2? How?

Number of Favorable Outcomes

P (event) =
Number of Possible Outcomes
2
=
36
The probability of the event which is having a pair with 6 and 2 is 2/36 or 5.55%.

V. ASSESSMENT

Directions: Read the situations given. Use the methods you just have learned to count the possible outcomes
and find the probability asked. Write the letter of your choice on the blank provided before the number.

A. A cafeteria serves 5 sandwiches (tuna sandwich, hotdog sandwich, egg sandwich, peanut butter-jelly
sandwich, chicken sandwich) and 4 drinks (soft drink, calamansi juice, chocolate drink, buko gulaman
drink).
____ 1. How many combinations of a sandwich and a drink can be served?

A. 9 B. 16 C. 20 D. 24

For your convenience, fill in the table with the letter of possible combinations.

Cafeteria’s Tuna Hotdog Egg Peanut Chicken

offer sandwich sandwich sandwich butter-jelly sandwich
(TS) (HS) (ES) sandwich (CS)
(PBJ)
Soft drink TS, SD 2. 3. 4. 5.
(SD)
Calamansi 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
juice (CJ)
Chocolate 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
drink (CD)
Bukogulaman 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
juice (BG)

____ 2. If the cell # 1 is Tuna sandwich & soft drink combination, what is the combination that the cafeteria
offers in cell# 19?

A. HS, BG B. PBJ, CD C. PBJ, BG D. ES, CD

____ 3. What is the combination offered in cell# 13?

A. HS, BG B. PBJ, CD C. PBJ, BG D. ES, CD

____ 4. What is the probability ofIsaac ordering a combination with calamansi juice? (1 order only)

A. 15% B. 20% C. 25% D. 45%

____ 5. What is the probability of Isaac ordering a combination with chicken sandwich? (1 order only)

A. 15% B. 20% C. 25% D. 45%

____ 6. What is the probability of ordering a combination with BOTH hotdog sandwich and chocolate drink?

A. 1/5 B. 1/20 C. 3/5 D. 3/20

3
 B. For 7-8, draw a tree diagram to count the possible outcomes from the situation below.

Ben brought 4 long-sleeved polo shirts (beige, pale pink, white, light blue) and 2 long pants (denim and
black)

____ 9. How many possible outfits can Ben wear?

A. 4 B. 6 C. 8 D. 12

____ 10. What is the probability of Ben wearing a pale pink polo?

A. 1/8 B. 1/4 C. 1/12 D. 1/6

Answer Key

4
Fraction Decimal Percent
4/5 0.5 33.33%
1/3 2.0 80%
4/16 0.8 25%
5
 12/6 0.333 50%
3/6 0.25 200%

Experiment Sample Space Sample Point

Picking up a
Sam Wand’s
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 7 number from 1
answers
to 10
Probable Picking up a
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 7
answers number from 1 to 10
Picking up a
Your answers 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 7
number from 1 to 10

Discussion: 6, 6, 6, 6, answer varies, answer varies

sides 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1,1 1,2 (1,3) 1,4 1,5 1,6
2 2,1 2,2 (2,3) 2,4 2,5 2,6
3 (3,1) (3,2) (3,3) (3,4) (3,5) (3,6)
4 4,1 4,2 (4,3) 4,4 4,5 4,6
5 5,1 5,2 (5,3) 5,4 5,5 5,6
6 6,1 6,2 (6,3) 6,4 6,5 6,6
Note: ( ) has a 3

Assessment:
1. C 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B

7-8.

DENIM PANTS BLACK PANTS

BIEGE POLO SHIRT PALE PINK WHITE POLO SHIRT LIGHT BLUE
POLO SHIRT POLO SHIRT

9. C
10. B