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CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Conceptual Framework

Example: The researcher will use the Systems Approach or the IPOO (Input,

Process, Output, Outcome) conceptual paradigm.

The input shows the personal variables of the respondents which include the

gender, the learning styles of the students and their academic performance based on their

general weighted average in the first quarter. The process illustrates what instrument is

going to be used in gathering data and obtaining the goal of the study which is the closed

– ended questionnaire for quantitative phase and open –ended questionnaire as well as

structured interview for the qualitative part. The output presents the recommendations to

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enhance the academic performance of the students in relation to their preferred learning

styles. Stated in the outcome is the improved academic performance of the students.

Input Process Output Outcome

Respondents’ Gathering of data Recommendations Improved

gender, learning through the to enhance the academic
styles and VARK academic performance of
academic questionnaire, performance of the students
performance in open – ended the students in
English based on questionnaire and relation to their
their general structured preferred learning
weighted average interview for the styles.
in the first quarter qualitative phase
of the study

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of the Study

Statement of the Problem

The purpose/intent/objective of this study is (was? will be?) to ___________

(understand? describe? develop? discover? assess?) the ___________ (central

phenomenon being studied) of___________ (the respondents, such as the individual,

groups, organization) at ___________ (research site) as basis for ________(intended

output).

This study will seek answers to the following questions:

1. Write the research questions here

2. Research questions here

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Significance of the Study

The findings of this study are intended to benefit the following stakeholders:

Students. (Write a brief explanation)

Teachers. (Write a brief explanation)

Parents. (Write a brief explanation)

Educational institutions. (Write a brief explanation)

Future researchers. (Write a brief explanation)

Scope and Delimitation (Write the boundaries of the research problem to be

investigated)

Example: This study aims to identify students’ satisfaction levels with

implementing online learning setups during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Students’ satisfaction will be assessed according to teachers’ pedagogy, school policies,

and learning materials used in the online learning setup. The respondents will be 150

Grade 10 students of Basa Air Base National High School who will be randomly picked.

The researchers will conduct the study from May to July in the School Year 2022-2023.

Online platforms such as email and social media applications will be used to

reach the respondents. The researchers will administer a 15-item online questionnaire to

measure the respondents’ satisfaction levels. Each response will be assessed using a

Likert Scale to provide a descriptive interpretation of their answers. A weighted mean

will be applied to determine the respondents’ general satisfaction.

This study did not cover other factors related to the online learning setup, such as the

learning platform used, the schedule of synchronous learning, and channels for

information dissemination.

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Definition of Terms

To establish a better understanding of the study, the following terms are defined

as follow:

Academic achievement – is defined as successful completion, through effort, of

the acquisition of academic content and skills mostly determined by grades or scores that

the student gets in a test.

Acronyms (Sample)

DepEd : Department of Education

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REFERENCES

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