VAT LY 10 Hoc Ly 10,11 Thay Di Tham CHUONG IV: NANG LUQNG, CONG, CONG SUAT HIEU SUAT 1- TOM TAT KIEN THUC TRONG TAM: 1- Cong thite chung: Higu suit duge do bang tis6 gita nang lvgng o6 fch va nang lugng toan phan, va ki higu Ia H. nieied Nang tong Sang lary tobe "2.100% véi Wa: Nang lrgng 6 ich ; Wp :Nang lung toan phan 100% véi Pu: Cong suat ¢6 fch ; Pip :Cong sudt toan phan 2- Higu suat dong co nhiét: . | Higu sudt déng co nhiét duge do bing ti sé gidta céng co hoc ma déng co thye hin duge va nhigt lrong ma dng co nhiin durge tir nhién ligu bj dot chay. 4 nme Ala cong co hoc ma déng co thyrc hién due. No { @ la nhiét lwong ma déng co nhan dwge tir nhién liéu bj d6t chy} Il - PHAN LOAI BAI TAP: 1. DANG 1: HIEU SUAT CONG CO HOC 1.1, PHUONG PHAP GIAI. Buéc 1: Tim nang lugng cé ich va ning Iugng toan phan pei 4 ‘Nang long ¢é ich Basted: Higa auatt jang lugng toan phan 1,2.BAI TAP MINH HQA, Bai 1: (Bai 27.1-SBT Vit Ly KNIT) . M6t cng nhan xay dung str dung rong roc dé kéo mot thiing son ning 27 kg lén dan giéo cao 3,1m.. so v6i mat dat (Hinh 27.1). Luc ma ngudi céng nhan kéo theo phuong thing dimg c6 d6 ln 310N. Lay g =9,8m/s? a) Tinh céng ma nguoi tho da thuc hién. b) Tinh phan céng c6 ich ding dé kéo thing son. c) Tinh higu suat cua qué trinh nay. Dap An: a) 961 Jb) 820,261 J c) 85.4% . Huéng din giai a) COng toan phn ma ngudi thgthye hién A, =F.s =310.3,1=961 1 b) Céng cé ich ding dé kéo thing son cé 46 1én ding bang céng cita trong lye. 1g8 = 27.9,8.3,1 = 820, 26 J c) Higu suat cua qué trinh thyc hign cOng dé 1a: n=“ 100% = 370.26 00% = 85,4 % Ay Bai 2: Nguoi ta ding mét hé théng gdm mét rong roc cé dinh, mdt rdng roc dong dé dura mot vat c6 khéi lugng 150 kg Ién dé cao 8 m. Biét luc kéo day F = 1200 N. Tinh higu sudt ciia hé théng. Lay ¢ =10m/s*. Huéng din giai - Céng cé ich dé nang vat Ién d6 cao 10 m: A, = mgh = 150.10.8 = 12000 (J) ~ Khi ding hé théng rong roc trén thi khi vat lén cao mét doan h thi phai kéo day mét doan s = 2h. Do do cong diing dé kéo vat: A, = Fs = F.2h= 1200.28 = ca - Higu sudt cia hé thng H =4,100% , = 1209 ~ 69.5% A, 19200 Bai 3: M6t ngudi kéo mét thing nude cé khdi lugng 12 kg tir giéng sau 8m.Lay g = 10m/s*: Hinh 27.4 Trang 1VAT LY 10 Ly 10,11 Thay Di Tham a) Tinh cng va cng suat ciia ngudi khi kéo déu thing née . >) Néu ding may dé kéo thing nue ni trén di fen nhanh can Au va thoi gia kéo mit 2s th cOng va cOng suat, Higu suat cua may bing bao nl : _ Huong din giai: a) Cong va cOng sudt ctia ngudi khi kéo déu thing nude hét 16s A=F-s.cosa@ = P-hcosa =mghcosa= =12.10.8.1 =9600) + =4(m/s*) => F =mg+ma = 12.10 + 12.4 = 168(N) => A= 168.8 = 1344 (J) 24284 _ ew) 2 160 +H= =0,714=71,4% A, 1344 1.3: BAL TAP VAN DUNG. M6t ngudi ding lye 90ONdé kéo mét vat e6 khéi Iugng 200 kg chuyén dng thing du tir mat dat lén d6 cao 2,5m trén mot mat phing nghiéng dai /=Sm . Hé sO ma sdt gitta vat va mat phing nghiéng 12 0,1. Tinh higu sudt cua céng ma ngudi dé da thye hign. Lay g =10m/s°. | Huéng dan gi: -Céng todn phan ma nguéi dé da thye hign: A, = F.s =900.8=7200(N) -Cong ciia lye ma sit Ia: A,, =H. = pmgl.cosar -Hay A, =hmgl. 0,1.200,10.5.2.5.W3 = 866,025 (N) 5 -Vay Higu sudt ciia qua trinh kéo dé la: H= 4 100% = 4-4» 190% = eee 100% =87,97 % \y Bai ad qua bong 6 khéi lugng 200g duge ném thang dimg lén cao véi van téc ban diu Ia 15m/s N6 dat durge d$ cao 10m so véi vj tri ném, Lay g =9,8m/s°. Tinh ti 1g co ning ca vat da bj bién d6i do uc can ca khong khi. Hung din giai -Chon géc thé nang tai vj tri ném. -Co nang ban dau tai vi tri ném la: W =: 22,5 (. -Co nang cia vat tai vi tri cao nhi ‘=mgh =0,2.9,8.10 = 19,6 (J) -Ti lé co nang cita vat da bj bién doi do yc can cla khéng khi Ia: Aas W-W' 25-196 _ 19 gam Ww Ww 32,5 Bai 3, Mot may bom méi phit c6 thé bom durge 900 lit nude lén bé 6 d6 cao 10 m. Lay g = 10m/s*. a) B6 qua moi hao phi, tinh céng suat cia may bom. b) Trong thye té, higu suat cia may bom 1 70%, Héi sau nira gid may da bom lén bé lugng nude bao nhigu? Huong din gi +Tacé m= DY = 1000-900 _ 999 kp 1000 a) Cong van chuyén 900 kg nude 1a A= Ph = 900.10.10 = 900003) Trang 2VAT LY 10 Hoc Vat Ly 10,11 Thay Di Thiam = 90000/60 = 1500(W) =1,5(kW) 1050(W) Goi khéi higng mde bom lén la m, 6 mgh =P => m=! = 1050-1800 gh 10.10 Bai 4: M6t xe tai c6 khdi lugng 2,5T, bat dau chuyén dGng thing nhanh dan déu, Sau khi di duge quing dung 144m thi xe dat van téc 12m/s. Biét hé s6 ma sat gitta xe va mat dong la «= 0,04, dy g =10m/s*. a) Tinh cOng cita cde Ine tac dung lén xe trén quiing dung 144m dau tién? b) Tinh céng suat cia lyre do dong co xe hogt déng 6 quang duéng néi trén? c) Higu suat hoat dong cita déng co xe tai? =18900(kg) =18,9m* Hung dan gi a)+Tinh F : Vat chiu téc dung 4 luc => F+f+N+P Chiéu lén phutong chuyén dong => Ff =ma + Tir v=, =2as => a=0,5 m/s*. => F =ma + umg = 2500.0,5 + 0,04.2500.10= 2250 (N) +C6ng: A= F.s=2250.144 = 324000(J) =ma b}+ Tir pa4 timt +Ap dung: t= ae =13500(W)=13,5(kW) a c}+Higu sudt: H = At Cong suat hao phi la cng cia lye ma sét, cong cin => Au = fy = Hg.s = 0,04.2500.10.144 = 1440000) A,—Ay _ 324000-144000 A, 324000 Bai 5. M6t tau lugn siéu téc c6 diém cao nhat cach diém thap nhat 94,5 m theo phuong thing dimg. Tau lugn duge tha khéng van téc ban dau ti diém cao nhét. a) Tim van toc cue dai ma tau luron 06 thé dat durge. by) Trén thu té, van t6c cue dai ma tau luon dat duge 14 41,1 m/s. Tinh higu sudt cita qué trinh chuyén ddi thé nang thinh dng nang cita tau lugn. Dap an: a) 43,04 m/s b) 91,2% H =0,5555 =55,6% Huéng din git Chon géc thé nding tai diém thap nhat. a) Tim van téc cye dai ma tau lrgn ¢6 thé dat duge. Khi dén diém thap nhat, toan b6 thé nang da chuyén héa thinh dng nang ( khéng 6 hao phi nang lung), ta c6: gh = => va\2gh = J2.9,8.94,5 = 43,04 ms b) Trén thy té, van téc ce dai ma tau Iuon dat duge IA 41,1 m/s. Tinh higu suat cia qué trinh chuyén adi thé nang thanh dong nang cita tau lugn. ve 4uP Tacé Higu suat H = Trang 3VAT LY 10 Hoe Vat Ly 10,11 Thay Di Tham Bai 6. M6t cai banh mi bo cung cap nang Iugng 415 cal. MOt ngudi cé khéi lugng 60 kg an hét mot chiéc banh mi nay réi leo nui. Tinh d6 cao t6i da ma nguoi nay leo lén duge. Biét higu sudt chuyén hoa nang lugng thanh co nang cua ngudi trung binh 18 17% va gia téc trong tring 1a g =9,8 m/s*. Dap s6: h~ 1,44 m. | _ Huéng din giai Nang lugng chuyén héa thanh co nang dé leo nti la W =415.4,2.0,17 = 296,317 _W_ _ 296,31 “mg 60.9,8 2. DANG 2: HIEU SUAT DONG CO NHIET. 2.1: PHUONG PHAP GIAI. Dé cao tdi da ma ngwdi dé leo dug weak. { Ala cng cor hoc ma dng co thc “O Q la nhiét lwong ma d6ng co nhan duge tiv nhién li tz. «. (Ty lamhiét d6 cia ngudbn néng - Hay H =" ff. lambs 00 changubn lank, CA*° =e chee Nee ton) 2.2. BAL TAP MINH HOA. u suat cia toa nhiét clia xing la 4,6.10°I/kg, khdi long riéng ca xAng 14 700kg/m’. Huéng dan giai -Céng c6 ich dé 6 t6 chay 12 km 1a: -Nhiét Iugng 6 t6 nhan duge khi d6t chay 6 lit xing Q=mq=DVq -Higu suat ctia dng co la: =A 1002 F199 = 00012000 __ 199 43,47 % Q vq 700.6.10°.4,6.10' Bai 2: Cong sudt cia dng co xe may 1a 2500W. Sau mét gid hoat déng tiéu thy hét 1kg xing ¢6 ning suat toa nhiét 1a 46.10°J/kg. Tinh higu suat dong co cla xe may Huéng din gi: Ta c6 Nhigt lugng dong co nhan duge khi tiéu thy Lkg xang la Q= 46.105. VaCong sult PaA =» Au Py 1 A 100% = 2.100% = 2500-3600 Q Q 46.10° Bai 3: M6t dong co ciia xe may c6 higu sudt H = 30%. Sau Th hoat ddng tiéu thy hét 1 kg xang c6 nang swat toa nhiét 1a 46.10° I/kg.K.Céng suat ciia déng co xe may 1a bao nhiéu? Huwéng din gi: Ta 06 Nhigt lugng déng co nhan duge khi tiéu thy 1kg xang la Q=46.10°F. Vay higu suat ciia dng co la: H = 100% = 19,6 % Va Higu sudt H <3 = A=QH Ma Cong suat p-Asaqpr t Hay Ps=Q.H nén céng suat dong cola OH _46.10°03 _s955 sy t 3600 2.3. BAI TAP VAN DUNG. Bai 1: Phai dét chay hoan ton 120g dau méi dun séi durge 10 lit nude tir 25°C. Biét nhigt dung riéng cia nude 1a 4200 J/kg.K, nang suat toa nhiét cita dau 1a 44. 10° J/kg. Xac dinh higu suat cita bép dau ding dé dun nude. Huéng din gi - Nhiét lugng ma nude thu vao dé sdi téi 25°C 1én dén 100°C Ia: mC.At = 10.4200.(100-25) = 3150000(/) Trang 4 P=VATLY 10 Hye Vat Ly 10,11 Thay DI Tham - Nhigt lurong tod ra khi dt chay 120 g=0,12 kg du = mg =0,12.44.10° =5,28.10°J) - Higu suet cita bp la: = Fi 100%% = 39.7% ¥ _ Bai 2: Cn phai dét chdy 0,49 kg nhién ligu méi kam cho 10 lit nuée néng thém 70°C. Biét higu suit cua bép 14 60%, nhigt dung riéng ciia nude 1a 4200 J/kg.K. Néu dét chy hoan toan Ikg nhién ligu dé thi nhiét Iuong né t6a ra 1a bao mhiéu? Huéng din giai - Nhiét lugng nude thu vao la: Q, = mC.At = 2940000 (J) - Nhigt lugng tod ra khi dét chay hoan toan 0,4 kg nbién ligu li: = Q,/H = 4 900 000 (J) Q, _ 4900000 _ m 0,49 Bai 3: Mt may bom nude sau khi tiéu thy hét 6kg dau thi dua dugc 700m*nuée [én cao 8m. Tinh higu sudt may bom d6? Biét ning suat toa nhiét cia dau ding cho may bom nay 1a 4,6.107 J/kg, khdi long riéng ctia xdng 1a 700kg/m*> - Nhiét lugng téa ra khi dét chay hoan toan Ikg nhién ligu li: Q 10°) Huéng din Céng 6 ich A =mgh = 700000. 10.8 = 56.10°J Nhigt lung may bom nhan duge: Q = mg =276.10°J Higu suit cia may bom ki: H -$ =20,28% Bai 4: Déng co cia mét may bay cé cng sudt 2.10°W va higu swat 40%. Hoi véi 1,5 tin xing may bay c6 thé bay durgc bao nhiéu lau? Nang suat toa nhiét cia xing la 4, Huéng din Nhigt lung may bay nhan duge: Céng 06 ich: A= H.Q= Pt 0,4.1500.4,6.10" z 2.10° “4 z z 2 2 : Tinh higu suat cua déng co mot 616 biét rang khi 6t6 chuyén ddng thing déu voi van toc 72km/h thi dng co ¢6 cng suit 20KW va tiéu thy 20 lit xing dé chay 250km, Huéng dan giai Nhi¢t lung dong co nhan duge: Q= mq =DV.q =mq = 138005 = 230 phuit = COng 06 ich: A= Ps =P. Vay Higu suat cia dong co la: _ PS ___20000.250000 “Q~ v.DV.q 20.700.0,02.4.6.10° I - BAL TAP BO SUNG: Bai 1. (SBT Vat Ly 10 KNTT) Muy nude bén trong dp ngin nude cia m6t nha may thiy dign c6 49 cao 20 m so véi cita xa Voi t 16 m/s, Tinh ti 1é phan thé nang ciia nude da duge chuyén héa thanh dng nang. Lay g = 9,8 m/s?. Dap ngan nude =38,8% Hinh 27.2 Trang 5VAT LY 10 Hoe Vat L¥ 10,11 Thay Di Tham Dap sb: 65,3% Huéng din giai Xét mét don vj khéi hrgng nude trong mot don vi thei gian. Chon géc thé ning tai eta xa. my acd: Mt 100%= 2 =“ 100%= a 2gh 2.9,8.16 Bai a3 Mét vn dng vign nhay di of khéi Ivgng 70 ke thyc hign dng téc nhay di tir 46 cao 500m so v6i mat dat. Sau m6t doan dudng roi ty do thi van déng vién bat dd va tiép dit voi van téc 8 m/s. Lay g=9,8m/s a) Tinh thé nang cua van dng vién so v b) Tinh dong nang cia van dng vién Khi ¢) Tinh cong ciia lye can ctia khong khi. ) Tinh phan trim co nding d& chuyén thanh cdc dang nang lugng khéc. Dap sé: a) 343000 J b) 22407 c) 340760 J 100% = 65,3 % i mat dat trude khi nhay da. p dat. a Huéng din gidi Chon géc thé ning tai mat dat a) Tinh thé nang cua vin dng vien so véi mat dat trude khi nhay di. Ta c6 W, = mgh = 70.9,8.500 = 343000 (J) b) Tinh déng ning ciia van dong vign khi tiép dat. Tacé W, =m¥—=70.2- = 22407 2° °2 ©) Tinh céng cia lye can cua khong khi. A=W, —W, = 2240 ~ 343000 = -340760 J 4) Tinh phin tram co nang da chuyén thanh ede dang nang luong khée aw =WaMe . 40700 199 ¢ - 99,35% w, 343000 Bai 3. Mudn bom nuée ti mot giéng su 15 m lén mat dét ngudi ta ding mot may bom ¢6 cong suat Zev (ma luc), higu suat 50%, Tinh lugng nude bom durgc trong 1 gid. Cho biét lev = 736 W. Lay g = 10 mis? : Hung din gi Cong suat cia may bom: o = ev = 2.736 = 1472W. Céng ciia may bom thyc hign trong 1 gig (cOng toan phan) Ia: A = ot = 5299200). Céng dé dua lugng nuéc c6 khéi Iugng m lén d@ cao h (h= 15m) (céng c6 fch) Ia: A'=mgh. A A HA _0,5.5299200 10.15 = A'=HA=mgh=>m=— gh Ta cé higu sudt ctia mdy H =17664(kg) tuong durong voi 17,664m' nude. Bai 4. Mét ngudi sir dung mot don bay dé néing mot tang da trong Irgng_600.N len bing mt céch tée dung mét lye 2001 vio mot dit Sem J 2008 don bay lam cho dau don bay nay dich chuyén 80 cm (Hinh 27.3a). a td i nd ct cece cabal FaAS Ea eh ig oS on a) Tang di dich chuyén mét doan 25cm. Tinh higu sudt cua don a) bay. 4200 b) Trén thye t6 don bay khong tuyét déi cimg nén né bj cong va ting jm da chi dich chuyén 20cm (Hinh 27.3b) Tinh suat clia don bay. Digshh OSS RRGRBDR Trang 6 Hinh 27.3VAT LY 10 Hoe Vat Ly 10,11 Thay Di Thiam 8) 93,75% b)75% ; Huéng din ; a) Tang da dich chuyén mét doan 25 cm. Tinh higu suat cua don bay, Aa a Ay b) Néu tang da chi dich chuyén 20cm (Hinh 27.3b) Tinh higu suat ctia don bay. nah. A, Bai 5. Trén cong trudng x4y dung, ngudi cong nhdn sit dung rong roc dé dua vat ligu én cao (HinhIV.2). Hinh 1V.2 Do anh hudng cia thai tiét nén hé théng rong roc va day ndi bi ban va ri sét. Ngudi cOng nhan phai ding luc ©6 d6 16n 90 N dé nang vat c6 trong long 70 N len do cao 8 m. Tinh higu suat cua rong roc. Dip s6: 77,78%. Huéng din gidi Nang lugng toan phan cua ngudi cong nhan: W = Fh Nang lugng cé ich dé nang vat: A= PA Vay higu suat cia rong roc Bai 6. Mot vat c6 khoi lugng Ikg trugt tir trang thai nghi tir dinh m6t mat phing c6 chiéu dai 1=2(n), nghiéng géc 30” so véi mat phang ngang.Hé sé ma sat gitia vat va mat phing nghiéng ld «= 0,5. Lay g = 10(m/s*), hay xac dinh: a/ Cong clia e&e ngoai lye tic dung vao vat khi trugt hét mat phiing nghiéng. ciia vat cudi mit phiing nghién, v6i chin mat phing nghiéng 12 mot dimg Ii ti vi tf eéch chan mat phing nghiéng bao xa ? Be 86: a/A sin nim ngang c6 hé sé ma sit yc'=0,4. Hoi vat s& MGt 616 chuy Ong thing d&u duge quang dudng 100km véi lye kéo khong 46i 18 900N thi tiéu 1 61 xing. Tinh higu swt cha dong co biét nang suat toa nhigt ciia xdng 1a 4,6.10" J/kg va khéi lung rigng cia xing li 700kg/m*. 2.6% u ding 4/ xing, mét xe may c6 cOng suat 1,8 kW chuyén dng véi van t6c 60km/h sé chuyén dong thing déu durgng quiing dudng bao nhiéu biet higu suat dng eo 1a 30%, ning suat toa nhigt ctia xing la 4,6.107 I/kg va khdi long riéng ciia xing | 700kg/m’. Dap s6: 24,15 km IV - BAL TAP TRAC NGHIEM: Cau 1. Higu suit 1a ti sé gitra A. ning lurgng hao phi va ning lrgng c6 ich. B, nang lung cé ich va ning lung hao phi. Trang 7VATLY 10 Hoe Vat Ly 10,11 Thay Di Tham C. nang lugng hao phi va nang Iugng ton phan, —_D, nang lugng cé ich va nang lurgng toin phan. Cau 2. Higu suat cing cao thi A. ti Ié nang lrgng hao phi so véi nang long toan phan cang Ién. B. nang lugng tiéu thy cang lén CC. nang lugng hao phi cang it. D. til nang lugng hao phi so vi nang long toan phan cang nho. Cau 3. Chon cau tra Ii ding. Kildoat gié li don vj cia: A. Higu suat B. Cong C. Céng suat. D. Déng long. Cau 4. Chon phat biéu sai. A. Higu suat cho biét ti I¢ gitta céng c6 ich va céng toan phin do médy sinh ra trong khi hoat dong. B. Higu suat duge tinh bang thurong sé gitta cOng c6 fch va cng todn phan, C. Higu suat duoc tinh bing higu s6 gitia cong e6 ich va cOng todn phan. D. Higu suat ludn 6 gid tri nho hon 1. Cau 5. Chon cau tra Ii ding. Mét can cdu thu hién mt cong 120kJ nang mét thing hang khéi lugng 600kg lén cao 10m, Higu suat cia edn cau 1a: A. 75% B. 40% ©. 50% D. 80% Cau 6. M6t déng co dign duge thiét ké dé kéo mét thing than khéi hrgng 400 kg tir dudi m6 c6 1200 m Ién mat dat trong thé ian 2 phut. Higu suat cua dong co la 80%. Lay g =9,8m/s*. AL 7,8kW. B. 9,8kW. C. 31kW. D. 49 KW. Cau 7. Khi quat dign hoat dng thi phan nang lugng hao phi 1a A. dign nang. B. co nang. C. nhigt ning. D. hoa nang. Cau 8. Chon cau tra 16i ding Mot cdin cau can thy hign mOt cong 90 kI ning mét thing hing khéi long 750 kg Ién cao 10 m, Higu suat ctia can cau 1a: A. 5% B. 50% C.75% D. 83% Cau 9. Chon cau tra ldi ding. Mot vién dan khoi Iugng 40g bay ngang véi van toc v; = 80m/s xuyén qua mét tam van day 40cm, Luc can trung binh cia tam vin téc dung lén vién dan la F. = - 315N. Vn téc vién dan ngay sau khi ra khoi tém van 1a: A. 15m/s B. 20m/s, C. 10m/s D. 30mvs Cau 10, Chon cau tra loi ding. M6t vign dan khdi lrong 40g bay ngang véi van téc vj = 80m/s xuyén qua mot tim van day 40cm, Lue can trung binh ciia tam van tae dung Ién vién dan la Fe =- 315N. Phan tram dong nang bién thanh nhiét va nang lung khée 1a: A. 904% B, 95,34.% C. 98,43 % D. 89,13 % CAu 11. Chon cfu tra Ii ding. M6t cin cdu thuc hign mot cOng 120kJ nang mot thing hang khéi lrgng 600kg lén cao 10m. Higu suat cia edn céu 1a: A. 75% B. 40% D. 80% Cau 12. Mot qua bong duge tha roi tir mét diém cach mat dat 12m. Khi cham dat, qua béng mat di 1/3 co ning toan phan, Bo qua lye can khéng khé, Sau Kin cham dat dau tién, qua bong lén cao duge bao nhiéu? A.4m B. 12m C.2m D.&m Cau 13. 100kg trugt khong van téc dau tir dinh xudng chan mat phing nghiéng dai 2m, chiéu cao 0,4m. Van téc vat tai chan mat phing nghiéng 1a 2m/s. Tinh cdng cia lye ma sit A. -2003 B. -100) C. 200) D. 1001 Cu 14. Mot dong eo e6 céng suit tigu thy bing SkW kéo mot vat ¢6 trong Iugng 12kN len cao 30m theo phuong thang dimg trong thoi gian 90s véi van téc khOng di. Higu suat cua dong co niy bing: A. 100% B. 80% C. 60% D. 40% Cau 15. truc kéo c6 hiéu suat 80% duge hoat dong boi mét déng co cé cong sudt 8kW. Truc kéo c6 thé kéo lén déu mét vat c6 trong long 800N véi va aj A. 19m/s B. 10m/s 8m/s D. 6m/s Cau 16. M6t may bay cOng sudt 1500 W , nding mét vat khdi lung 100 kg lén d6 cao 36 m trong vong 40 gidy. Lay g =10 m/s’. suat cla may 12, A. 5.3%. B. 48%. C.53%, D. 60%. Trang 8VATLY 10 Hoe Vat Ly 10,11 Thay Di Tham CAu 17. Mét may bom nude mdi phiit c6 thé bom dirge 900 lit nude lén bé nurée 6 49 cao 10m. Khéi long riéng cia nude | kg/lit. Lay g =10 m/s”. Néu higu suat cia may bom chi la 80% thi c6ng suat cla may bom bang: A. 1500 W. B. 1200 W. C. 1875 W, D. 2000 W. C4u 18. Mét may bom nude, néu t6n hao qué trinh bom la khéng dang ké thi méi phiit c6 thé bom duge 900 lit nude Ién bé nude 6 46 cao 10 m. Trong thue té higu suat cia my bom chi la 75% nén khdi lugng nude bom lén bé sau nita gids 1a A. 15600 kg. B, 20250 kg. C. 18900 kg. D. 23000 kg. Cau 19, Mot nha may thiy dign c6 hd chtta nude dat 6 cao 30 m so véi noi dat cae tua bin ctia may phat dign. Khdi lugng riéng cia mudc 18 1000 kg/m’. Lay g =10 m/s*. Cho biét lu lugng mudc tir hd chay vaio cdc tua bin 12 10000 m’ /phuit va céc tua bin c6 thé thy hién viée bién déi céng nhan duge tir hru lugng nude chay vio thanh dign nang vi higu suat 1a 0,85. Cong suat cia cdc tuabin phat diégn I A. 40 MW. B. 60 MW. Cc. 80 MW. D. 42,5 MW. C4u 20. Muén bom nude ta mét giéng su 15m én mat dat ngudi ta ding mét may bom cé céng sudt Zev (ma luc), higu suat 50%. Tinh lugng nude bom duge trong 1 gid. Cho biét lev = 736W. Lay g = 10m/s?. A. 12,664m° B. 13,664m° C. 14,664m* D. 17,664m° (Cau 21. Mot bia may e6 khdi Ivgng M = 400kg thi roi ty do tir 49 cao Sm xudng, dng vao diu coe nhe trén mat dat lam coc lin xuéng sau Sem. g = 9,8m/s?. Tim lye can trung binh cia dat. A. 318200 N. B, 388000 N. C. 138500 N. D. 853100 N Céu 22. Vat c6 khéi luong m=2 ke chiu tac dung cita mot F luc 66 d9 16n F = 10 N c6 phuong hop véi d9 doi trén mat F,, a phang nam ngang m@t gée @ = 45° nhu hinh vé. Lay /s* . Gitta vat va mat phiing c6 téc dung lyre ma sat ma sat trurgt 0,2. Higu suat trong trong hop nay gan gid tri nao nhat sau day? A. 75%. __B. 64%. _C. 87%. D. 48%. Cau 23. Mét may céng suat 1500 W , nang mét vat khdi lugng 100 kg lén d cao 36 m trong vong 45 gidiy. Lay g =10 m/s*. Higu suat ctia may 1a A. 5,3%. B. 48%. C. 53%. D. 65%. C4u 24, Mot may bom nude mai phit cé thé bom duge 900 lit nude 1én bé nude 6 46 cao 10 m. Khéi lugng riéng clia nude | kg/lit. Lay g =10 m/s*. Néu higu suat cia may bom chi la 75% thi céng suat cia may bom bang A. 1500 W. B. 1200 W. C. 1800 W. D. 2000 w. Cfu 25. M6t may bom nude, néu tén hao qué trinh bom la khéng dang ké thi méi phuit c6 thé bom duge 900 lit nudc lén bé nude & a6 cao 10 m. Trong thuc té higu suat cita may bom chi lA 70% nén khéi lugng nude bom lén bé sau nita gids 1a A. 15600 kg. B, 12800 kg. C. 18900 kg. D. 23000 kg. Cau 26, M6t nha may thiy dign 6 hé chita nude dat & 46 cao 30 m so véi noi dat céc tua bin ciia may phat dign, Khdi lugng ring ctia nude 14 1000 kg/m’. Lay g =10 m/s. Cho biét lu Iugng nude tir hd chay vio cdc tua bin 1a 10000 m°/ phuit va cde tuabin c6 thé thye hign vige bién déi cng nhan duge tir lu lugng nude chay vao thanh dign nang véi higu suat 18 0,80. Céng suat ctia cae tuabin phat dign 1a A. 40 MW. B. 60 MW. C. 80 MW. D. 20 MW. Cu 27. Mét ngudi day theo phuong ngang chiéc hom khdi lung 150 kg dich chuyén mot doan 5 m trén mat san ngang. Hé s6 ma sat cia mat san 1a 0,1. Lay g =10 mis’. Xac dinh cng ti thiéu ma ngudi nay B. 150 J. C. 500 J. D. 750 J. Trang 9VAT LY 10 Hoc Vat Ly 10,11 Thay Di Tham ‘Céu 38, Mét 6t6 c6 khéi Ing | tan, khi tat may. chuyén d9ng xudng déc c6 géc nghiéng f= 30° thi chuyén dng thing du. Khi lén déc 46 véi vgn tc khéng di 36 km/h thi dng co 6t6 phai e6 cng suit la P, lay g = 10 mv/s*, Gia tr ctia P bang ‘A. 500 kW. B. 36 kW. C.50 kW. D. 100 kW. ‘Cau 39, Mét may bom nude mdi phut c6 thé bom duge 900 kg nudc lén bé nude 6 d6 cao 10 m cho ring higu suat la 100%, ly g = 10m/s”. Cong suat ctia may bom 1a AL 1,5 KW. B. 2,2 kW. C. 1,2 kW. D. 2,1 kW. Cau 40. Mot may céng suat 2500W, ning mét vat khdi lugng 300kg lén d6 cao 36 m trong vong 60 gidy. Lay g=10 mis? Higu suat cla may 1a A. 5,3%. B. 48%. G2% D. 65%. Cu 41, Mét vat co khdi lugng 2 kg bit dau trugt xudng tir dinh mot mat phng nghiéng dai 10m, cao 6m. HG 86 ma sat gitta vat va mat phiing nghiéng la 0,2, lay g = 10 mv/s*. Céng cita lyre ma sat khi vat chuyén d6ng duge nira doan dug trén mat phing nghiéng la A. -201. B.-40J. C.-325. D.-16J. pAP AN BAI TAP TRAC NGHIEM 1D |2D | 3B |4C |5C | 6D |7C | 8D |9C | 10C | 11C | 12D | 13C | 14B | 15C 16D | 17C | 18B | 19D | 20D | 21B | 22B | 23C | 24D | 25C | 26A | 27D | 28A | 29C | 30D 31D | 32A | 33D | 34C€ | 35C | 36D | 37A | 38D | 39A | 40C | 41D Cfu 1. Chon D Cfu 2. Chon D Cau 3. Chon B Cfu 4. Chon C Cau 5. Chon C 100 %= A Cau 6. Chon D ad 100 % aa 100 % =50 % 100 _ 400.10.1200.100 _ 49 gy, Cong suat toan phin ctia dong co ki: P Hi 80.120 Ciu7. Chon C Cau 8. Chon D Higu suat ca cn cau Ia: HAL, 100% = 1501010 09% = 83,3 % A, 90000 Cau 9. Chon tacé Lmtd an? 2°" 3 Cau 10. Chon C tace 4% = Cau 11. Chon C_ Ta cé Hiéu sudt cia can cau 1a: — 600.10.10 100% =50 % Fad . Suy ravi = 10m/s = 98,43 % Cfu 12. Chon D Sau Kin cham dat diu tién, qua béng mat di 1/3 co ning toan phin vay j/ Trang 11VAT LY 10 Hye Vat Ly 10,11 Thay Di Thiam Cau 13. Chon C 100.27 Tacé A,, =W-W,= gh 00.10.0,4-——= 200 Cfu 14, Chon B_ Ta.cé Higu suat i one co Me 100% =F 100 = 24 100% = 1200.30 i o9% = 80 % “5000.90 Tacé Higu suat cita dong co la: Fd ayy oF? _ 018.8000 | sous ? 800 Cau 16, Chon D. Tues Hu su cin dng ool n =A. 10%= nel 100% = 12:36 999% = 60 % A, 1500.40 Cau 17. Chon C Ta c6 Higu suat cua dong co la: A w=As, 100% mgh _ 900.10.10_ 100% = P= = = 1875 W. Hi 0,860 Cau 18. Chon B Tac Khdi lugng nude bom duge khi khéng cé t6n hao 1a .30=27000(kg) ~ Khi lugng nude bom duge khi higu suat may bom la 70% 7.mo=0,75.27000= 20250 kg. Céu 19. Chon D . Im? nude c6 khdi lrgng m = 1000 kg tuong img v6i trong lrgng P = 10000 N. Nhu vay, nude trong ho chay tir d6 cao h = 30 m vio cée tua bin véi liu Iugng 10000 m'/phut tuong tmg véi lugng mde ¢6 trong lugng P = 100.10°N chay vao cac tua bin trong thoi gian t= 1 phuit = 60 s. Tir dé suy ra lugng nude chay vao céc tua bin cé cong suat A_P.h_100.10°.30 =5.108 (kW) Céng suat ciia cae tua bin chi bing: P'=0,85.P = 0,85.5.10° = 42,5.10° MW Céu 20. Chon D Cong suat ciia may bom: 'P = 2ev = 2. aw. Cong cia may bom thytc hign trong 1 gid (cOng toan phin) Ia: A= Pz = 52992001. Cong dé dura lurgng nurée c6 khéi lugng m len d6 cao h (h = 15m) (cng c6 fch) fa: A’ = mgh HA _0,5.5299200 Ta cé higu suat cia may: H AW ma mgh=>m=— A ra 10.15 =17664kg Tuong duong vi 17,664 m? nude. Cau 21, Chon B Tacé gh =. s Voi v=—=Im/s & Vay F.= 388000 Cau 22. Chon B ‘Trang 12VATLY 10 Hoe Vat Ly 10,11 Thay Di Tham * Chon chiéu dong la chiéu chuyén dng. * Ti: mg =N+Fsina= F,,, = uN = mg — uF sina |Ay|_ Fscos.a—|(samg — F sin) scos180%| Fscosa 10cos45°-|(4—2sin45°)(-1)| H=— = 0,6343 => Chon B 10cos 45° Céu 23. Chon C H att. = igh = 100.1036 =0,: A, Pt 1500.45 C4u 24. Chon D * COng cé fch thyc hign trong 1 phiit: A, =mgh =90000 J. 90000 _1500(W) 60 * Cong sudt c6 ch: P= t * Céng suat cla may bom (céng suat toan phan): P= P, = Cu 25.ChonC * Trong nia gid khdi long nurée bom durge: + néu khong c6 tén hao (higu suat bom 100%): m, = 900.30 = 27000(kg). + néu higu suat bom 1a 70%: m=0,7m, =18900(kg).=> Chon C Cfiu 26. Chon A ; * Xét t=1 phtit=60 s, cong suat mde chay vao cde tuabin: = 10000:1000.1030 _ 55 195 wv) 60 * Cong sudt cla cae tuabin phat dign Cau 27. Chon D * Tinh: A= Fs jungs =0,1.150.10.5 =750(J) => Chon D CAu 28. Chon A . . * Chon chieu duong la chiéu chuyén dong. mg = N+ Fsinar=> F,,, = IN = mg — uF sina P= HP =0,8.50.10° = 40.10°(W) => Chon A * Peaa-F A= Fs cosa = EE MSISEOS 5 MOTHS COE — 896,48() => Chon A cosat sina cosa+ ysing Cau 29. Chon © A, _mgh _100.10.36 _» Aa mah _TOOT058 _0,533=> Chon C A, Pt 150045 =“ Cau 30. Chon D * Chon chigu duong la chigu chuyén déng. * Ly ning cita cin cu tinh tir dinh lat II Niuton: =m(a+g)=500(0,2+9,8) =5000(N) * Quang during sau 5s: 302 5? = 2,5(m) ‘Trang 13VAT LY 10 Hoe Vat L¥ 10,11 Thay Di Tham * Cong can cau thyc hién sau 5 gid = Fs cos. = 5000.2,5c080° = 12500(/) , — 5 * Cong sudt trung binh cén cu thy hign sau 5 gidy: P=“ = 12500 t =2500(W) CAu 31. Chon D , * Chon chiéu durong la chiéu chuyén déng. * Lyte ning ciia can edu tinh tir dinh luat IT Niuton: F-mg = F =m(a+g)=500(0,2+9,8)= m * Quang during sau 5s: sa jar =3025 = * Cong can cau thy hig sau 5 gid * Higu sudt can cdu thye hign sau 5 gid A’_mgh _500.9.8.2.5 _ 9 A A 12500 Cau 32. > Chon A ; ; * Chon chiéu dirong la chiéu chuyén déng. H= “Tr a= m 25° = P=Fv=Pyl et oe 2.9,8.100 } 1000.25{ 0.2 Cau 33. => ChonD * Chon chigu durong la chiéu chuyén dong. * Ti: mg =N+Fsina= F,, = uN = umg-pF sina A,-|A, al _ Foo sa—|(umg - uF sin) scos180°| Ha* A Ly Fscosa 10.cos55° -|(0,2.2.10-0, 210.sin55° )(-1)] =H 10cos55” Cu 34, Chon C i tat may, xubng déc, vi 6t6 chuyén dong déu nén: mg sina =mgsicos a. * Khi 616 len déc, chuyén dong déu thi le kéo ctia 6t6 phai 1a: = 0,588 mgeose, mgcose: F =mg(sina+ cosa) = 2mg.sina. * Cong suat ca 6t6 khi dé: P = Fv =2mg sinav=8.10°W => Chon C Cau 35. => ChonC ; * Chon chigu duong 1a chiéu chuyén dong. * Lue kéo tinh tir dinh luat II Niuton: mg sin a— ung cos m => F=m(a+gsina+ yg cosa)" > . mgcoso. Trang 14VAT LY 10 Hoc Vat Ly 10,11 Thay Di Tham m(0+ gsina + pg cos a)s =1034,64(J) m(a+ gsina + 1g cosa) s=1334,64(/) Cau 36. Chon D . | * Chon chiéu duong li chiéu chuyén dong * Luc néng ciia can cau tinh tir dinh luat II Niuton: F-mg a=—"8 = F =m(a+ g)=5.10° (0,5+10) =52500(N) m (4) * Quang during sau 3 5 0,5.3? = 2,25(m) * Céng cin céu thy hign sau 3 giéy: A= Fscosa =52500.2,25cos 0° =118125(J) Céu 37. Chon A , | * Chon chiéu duong la chiéu chuyén dng. mg = N+ Fsinar=> F,,, = HN = mg ~ uF sina *Ti "| Feosa-F, —mila+ ns) =ma => F = g cosa + sina m(a+4g)veosa , m(0+ug)scosa = A= Fscos| = cosatysina — cosa+ysina =896,48(J)=> Chon A Cau 38. Chon D Khi tat may, xuéng déc, hop lye téc dung lén 6 t6 1a: Hop luc cua tét ca cae lyre tac dung Ién vat l F, =F, +P+N+F, Chiéu Ién phuong chuyén d6ng véi chuyén dong déu ta duge: Fug) = 0 = F,, - Psin B= F,, = Psin B => mg.sin B= smg.cos B(1) Khi 6 t6 lén déc, dé 6 6 chuyén dng déu thi lye kéo cia 6 t6 phai liz F,=mg(sinB+cosB) (2) Tir (1) va (2) ta duge: F, = mg(sin B + 00s B Céng suat cita 6 16 Khi di P= Fv=2.ng(sin B)v ‘Thay sé ta durge P= Fv =2.1000.10(sin 30° )10 =100000W Cfiu 39. Chon A Céng may bom thu hign trong 1 phiit: A= igh = 90000) =2mg.sin B Céng suat cla may bom: ‘Trang 15VAT LY 10 Hoe Vit L¥ 10,11 Thay Di Tham (Cu 28. Mét ngudi ding soi day kéo m6t chiée hop kh6i lugng 100 kg trén mat sin phang ngang dé doi nd di m@t doan 5 m. Biét mat san c6 hé s6 ma sat 1 0,2 va hop v6i phuong kéo cia soi diy mét gc 30°. Lay g =10 mis*. Céng téi thiéu ma ngudi ndy phai thyc hién dé dich chuyén chiéc hép gin gid trj ndo nhat sau day? ‘A. 896 J. B. 985 J. C. 1007 J. D. 866 J. ‘Cau 29. Mét may céng suat 1500 W , nang mét vat khoi lugng 100 kg 1én dé cao 36 m trong vong 45 gidy. Lay g=10 m/s*. Higu suat cuia may 1a A. 5,3%. B. 48%. C. 533%, D. 65%, C4u 30. Mét cin cau nang mét vit khdi Iugng 500 kg Jén cao thang dimg nhanh dan déu véi gia téc 0,2 m/s? tir trang thai nghi trong khoang théi gian 5 s. Lay g =9,8 m/s? . Xac dinh cong suat cua lye nang do can cau thyc hign trong khoang théi gian nay. A. 1600 W. B. 2400 W. C. 2500 W. D. 12500 W. Céu 31. M6t cin céu nang mét vat khéi Itong 500 kg Ién cao thing dig nhanh din déu véi gia tée 0,2 m/s? tir trang thai nghi trong khoang théi gian 5 s. Lay g =9,8 m/s”. Higu suat cia can cau trong qua trinh dé La. A. 90 % B.89 % C.80 % D.98 % Cu 32. Mudn cat canh roi khoi mat dat, mot may bay trong lrgng 10000 V can phai cé t6c 46 90 km/h. Cho biét truée khi cat cénh, may bay chuyén dng nhanh dan déu trén doan dung bang dai 100 m va cé hé s6 ma sat lA 0,2. Lay g =9,8 m/s thiéu cia déng co may bay dé dam bao cho may bay 6 thé cat cdnh roi khoi mat dat gin gid trj nao nhat sau day? A. 130 kW. B. 160 kW. C. 150 kW. D. 40 kW. CAu 33. Vat c6 khdi lvong m=2 kg chiu téc dung ciia mot lye EF 6 d6 én F =10 N 6 phurong hyp vi d6 doi trén mat phing F_ nim ngang mét géc a =55° nhw hinh vé. Lay g =10 m/s? Gitta _ £ vat va mat phing ¢6 tée dung lye ma sét véi hé s6 ma sét trugt Ia 0,2. Higu suat trong trréng hop nay gan gid tri nado nhat sau day? BOA. C.87% Di 59%. i wong 1 tén, khi tit may chuyén dng xudng déc thi e6 tée 46 khong di 54 km/h, Cho d9 nghiéng cia déc 1a. 4% (sina =0,04), lay g =10 m/s. B& c6 thé len durge déc véi téc 46 khong d6i 1 36 km/h thi dng co 6td phai c6 cong sudt bing ALIS kW. B. 12 kW. C.8 kw. D. 20 kW. Cau 35. Dé kéo mét vat khéi lugng 80 kg lén xe 6 t6 tai, ngudi ta ding tam van dai 2,5 m, dat nghiéng 30° so véi mat dat phing ngang, lam cau ndi vi san xe. Biét mat tam van song song véi lyc kéo va c6 hé sé ma sét la 0,02. Lay g =10 mis*. Cong cua lute kéo trong truéng hop kéo vat chuyén dong thing déu la A, va kéo vat chuyén ddng thang nhanh dan déu véi d6 Ién gia téc 1,5 m/s” Ia A, . Gid tri ctia (A, +A,) gan gid tri ndo nhit sau day? A. 1745 J. B. 1978 J. 2369 J. D. 3129 J. Cau 36. Mét can cau nang mét vat nang khéi lugng 5 tan tir trang théi nghi chuyén dOng thing dimg nhanh dan déu lén trén véi d6 1én gia tée bang 0,5 m/s*. Lay g =10 m/s*. D6 lon cong ma cén edu thye hign duge sau théi gian 3 gidy 1a ‘A. 116104 J. B. 213195 J. C. 115107 J. D. 118125 J. Cau 37. Mét ngudi ding soi day kéo mot chiée hdp khéi lugng 100 kg trén mat sin phing ngang dé doi n6 di mt dogn 5 m. Biét mat sin cé hg s6 ma sat 1A 0,2. va hgp véi phuong kéo ciia sgi day mét g6e 30°. Lay g =10 m/s? Céng t6i thiéu ma ngudi nay phai thyc hign dé dich chuyén chiée h6p gan gid tri nao nhit sau day? A. 896 J. B. 985 J. C. 1007 J. D. 866 J. Trang 10