Guide de Choix des Protections

GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Sommaire
Critères de choix des protections :
−Alternateurs
−Moteurs
−Transformateurs
−Lignes et câbles

 www.alstom.com/grid/fr/solutions

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 2

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P2
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 Application Alternateurs

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 3

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P3
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application GENERATEURS

Les fonctions de protection utilisées pour protéger un alternateur

dépendent :
− Puissance de la machine
− Type de mise à la terre de la machine
− Valeur du courant de court-circuit de la machine
− Mode de fonctionnement de la machine

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 4

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P4
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application GENERATEURS
P<500 kVA
Informations à connaître pour choisir
les protections adaptées à l’application :

Puissance de la machine 500 kVA<P< 3 MVA Pn P > 3 MVA

Régime de neutre Impédant M.à la T. Isolé

Valeur du courant de c/c de la machine < 2 In Icc > 2 In

Mode de fonctionnement de la machine En // Mode Isolé

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 5

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P5
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application GENERATEURS
Cas où P MACHINE < 500 kVA
A la terre Isolé
Neutre

Fonctions de protections ANSI

Maxi courant phase 51 x x
Surcharge thermique 49 x x
Masse stator 51N x
Maxi tension résiduelle 59N x

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 6

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P6
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application GENERATEURS

G
G 51 51
49 49
51N 59N

A la terre Isolé

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 7

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P7
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application GENERATEURS
Cas où 500 kVA < P MACHINE < 3 MVA
Neutre
(1) : 87G pour discrimination A la terre
de la machine en défaut Isolé
(2) : 67N pour discrimination de la machine
en défaut si mise à la terre au niveau générateur, Groupe Groupe
sinon 51N en // en // Non
51V si Icc < 2 In
Oui Non Oui
Fonctions de protections ANSI
Maxi courant phase 51 x x x x
Maxi courant phase à contrôle de tension 51V x x x x
Maxi courant terre directionnel 67N x (2)
Masse stator 51N x (2) x
Surcharge thermique 49 x x x x
Marche en moteur 32 x x
Maxi tension 59 x x x x
Mini tension 27 x x x x
Maxi tension résiduelle 59N x x
Perte d'excitation 40 x x x x
Défauts internes phases 87G x (1) x (1)
Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 8
© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P8
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application GENERATEURS
67N pour discrimination de la machine
en défaut si mise à la terre au niveau
générateur, sinon 51N

51 (51V)
G G 59N 51 (51V)
32 87G G G 67N 87G
59 32
27 59
40 27
51N 40

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 9

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P9
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application GENERATEURS
Cas où P MACHINE > 3 MVA A la terre Neutre Isolé
(1) : complété par sondes de T° pour les grosses puissances
(2) : 67N pour discrimination de la machine Groupe Groupe
en défaut si mise à la terre au niveau générateur,
sinon 51N en // en //
51V si Icc < 2 In Oui Non Oui Non
Fonctions de protections ANSI
Maxi courant phase 51 x x x x
Maxi courant phase à contrôle de tension 51V x x x x
Maxi courant terre directionnel 67N x (2)
Masse stator 51N x (2) x
Surcharge thermique 49 x (1) x (1) x (1) x (1)
Marche en moteur 32 x x
Maxi tension 59 x x x x
Mini tension 27 x x x x
Maxi tension résiduelle 59N x x
Perte d'excitation 40 x x x x
Anomalies de fréquence 81 x x x x
Déséquilibre 46 x x x x
Masse rotor 64R x x x x
Glissement de pôles 78 x x x x
Défauts internes
Presentation title phases
- 05/06/2015 – P 10 87G x x x x
© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 10
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 Application Moteurs

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 11

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 11
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application MOTEURS
Les fonctions de protection utilisées pour protéger un moteur
dépendent :
− Puissance de la machine
− Nature de l’organe de coupure
− Nature du régime de neutre
− Type de la machine
− Type de charge

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 12

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 12
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application MOTEURS P<500 kW

Informations à connaître pour choisir

les protections adaptées à l’application :
Puissance de la machine 500 kW<P< 3 MW Pn P > 3 MW

Mise à la terre A la terre M.à la T. Isolé

Nature de l’organe de coupure Contacteur

Organe
Disjoncteur
coupure

Type de la machine Asynchrone Mode Synchrone

Type de charge Oui Pompe Non

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 13

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 13
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application MOTEURS
Cas où P MACHINE < 500 kW
(1) : 50/51 si l’organe de coupure est un disjoncteur
sinon fusibles. A la terre Isolé
Neutre
(2) : 37 si groupe moto-pompe

Fonctions de protections ANSI

Maxi courant phase 50/51 x (1) x (1)
Surcharge thermique 49 x x
Déséquilibre ( Maxi de courant inverse) 46 x x
Maxi courant terre 51N x
Maxi courant terre directionnel 67N x
Mini de puissance active absorbée 37 x (2) x (2)

67N : Détection du courant capacitif

ou du courant du deuxième défaut.

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 14

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 14
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application MOTEURS
Cas où 500 kW< P MACHINE < 3 MW machine
asynchrone synchrone
(1) : 50/51 si l’organe de coupure est un disjoncteur
sinon fusibles.
Neutre Neutre
(2) : 37 si groupe moto-pompe
A la terre Isolé A la terre Isolé

Fonctions de protections ANSI

Maxi courant phase 50/51 x (1) x (1) x (1) x (1)
Surcharge thermique 49 x x x x
Déséquilibre ( Maxi de courant inverse) 46 x x x x
Maxi courant terre 51N x x
Maxi courant terre directionnel 67N x x
Mini de puissance active absorbée 37 x (2) x (2) x (2) x (2)
Mini tension 27 x x x x
Démarrage trop Long / Blocage rotor 51LR x x x x
Limitation du nombre de démarrage 66 x x x x
Perte d'excitation 40 x x

67N : Détection du courant capacitif

ou du courant du deuxième défaut.
Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 15
© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 15
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application MOTEURS
Cas où P MACHINE > 3 MW
asynchrone machine synchrone
(2) : 37 si groupe moto-pompe
(1) : 50/51 si l’organe de coupure est un disjoncteur
sinon fusibles.
Sonde de T° : Pour les grosses puissances. Neutre Neutre
isolé isolé
67N : Détection du courant capacitif
ou du courant du deuxième défaut.
non oui non oui
Fonctions de protections ANSI
Maxi courant phase 50/51 x (1) x (1) x (1) x (1)
Surcharge thermique 49 x x x x
Déséquilibre ( Maxi de courant inverse) 46 x x x x
Maxi courant terre 51N x x
Maxi courant terre directionnel 67N x x
Mini de puissance active absorbée 37 x (2) x (2) x (2) x (2)
Mini tension 27 x x x x
Démarrage trop Long / Blocage rotor 51LR x x x x
Limitation nbre de démarrage 66 x x x x
Perte d'excitation 40 x x
Masse rotor 64R x x
Défauts internes phases 87G x x x x
Excès de température par sonde 49 x x x x
Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 16
© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 16
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 Application Transformateurs

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 17

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 17
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application TRANSFORMATEURS

Les fonctions de protection utilisées pour protéger un transformateur

dépendent :
− Puissance du transformateur
− Nature de l’organe de coupure
− Nature du régime de neutre

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 18

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 18
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application TRANSFORMATEURS
Informations à connaître pour choisir
les protections adaptées à l’application : P<800 kVA

Puissance du transformateur 800 kVA<P< 3 MVA Pn P > 3 MVA

Régime de neutre A la terre Neutre Isolé

Interrupteur Organe
Nature de l’organe de coupure Disjoncteur
Fusible coupure

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 19

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 19
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application TRANSFORMATEURS

Cas où P TRANFO < 800 kVA

(1) : 50/51 si l’organe de coupure est un disjoncteur
sinon fusibles. A la terre Isolé
Neutre

Fonctions de protections ANSI

Maxi courant phase 50/51 x (1) x (1)
Surcharge 49 x x
Maxi courant terre 51N x

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 20

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 20
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application TRANSFORMATEURS
Cas où 800 kVA< P TRANSFO < 3 MVA
A la terre Isolé
(1) : 50/51 si l’organe de coupure est un disjoncteur Neutre
sinon fusibles.

Fonctions de protections ANSI

Maxi courant phase 50/51 x (1) x (1)
Surcharge 51 x x
Buccholz x x
Température x x
Maxi courant terre 51N x
Masse cuve 50N x
Maxi courant terre directionnel 67N x

67N : Détection du courant capacitif

ou du courant du deuxième défaut.

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 21

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 21
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application TRANSFORMATEURS
 ou Y isolé Couplage Y à la terre
Cas où P TRANSFO > 3 MVA
(1) : 50/51 si l’organe de coupure est un disjoncteur
sinon fusibles. Neutre Neutre
Réseau Réseau
67N : Détection du courant capacitif isolé isolé
ou du courant du deuxième défaut.
non oui non oui
Fonctions de protections ANSI
Maxi courant phase 50/51 x (1) x (1) x (1) x (1)
Surcharge 51 x x x x
Maxi courant terre 51N x x
Buccholz x x x x
Température 49 x x x x
Masse cuve 50N x x
Maxi courant terre directionnel 67N x x
Maxi tension phase 59 x x x x
Protection différentielle de terre restrainte 64 x
Saturation circuit magnétique (Overfluxing) 24 x x x x
Défauts internes phases 87T x x x x

64 : au primaire ou/et au secondaire

si Y à la terre
Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 22
© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 22
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application TRANSFORMATEURS

Différentielle de terre restreinte 64 :

au primaire ou/et au secondaire
si Y à la terre

64

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 23

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 23
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 Application Lignes et Câbles

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 24

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 24
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application LIGNES ET CABLES

Les fonctions de protection utilisées pour protéger un départ câble
ou ligne dépendent :
− Niveau de tension
− Nature câble ou ligne
− Type de distribution
− Nature du régime de neutre

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 25

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 25
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application LIGNES ET CABLES

Informations à connaître pour choisir les protections adaptées à l’application :

Tension Réseau V< 63 kV V V > 63 kV

Câble
Câble Ligne
Nature Ligne

Distribution Radiale Distrib. Boucle

Régime de neutre A la terre Neutre Isolé

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 26

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 26
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application LIGNES ET CABLES

Cas où V < 63 kV A la terre Isolé
Neutre

Fonctions de protections ANSI

Maxi courant phase 50/51 x x
Surcharge 49 x x
Maxi courant terre 51N x
Maxi courant phase directionnel 67 x x
Maxi courant terre directionnel 67N x x
Contrôleur d'Isolement 64 x
Maxi tension homopolaire 64 x
Différentielle 87L/87B x

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 27

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 27
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Application LIGNES ET CABLES

Neutre
Cas où V  63 kV
A la terre

Fonctions de protections ANSI

Distance Phase et Terre 21 x
Maxi courant phase 50/51 x
Surcharge 49 x
Maxi courant terre 51N x
Maxi courant phase directionnel 67 x
Maxi courant terre directionnel 67N x
Différentielle 87L/87B x

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 28

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 28
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 www.alstom.com/grid/fr/solutions

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 29

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 29
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Le site internet d’ALSTOM GRID est une

aide au choix des relais.

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 30

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 30
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 31

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 31
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GUIDE DE CHOIX DES PROTECTIONS

Presentation title - 05/06/2015 – P 32

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on
P 32
that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without
liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
www.alstom.com