Algebra Session one

Sessionone
Session one
Binomial theorem
Binomialtheorem
Binomial
for
Session
theoremfor positive
one
forpositive integer
positiveinteger
integer
Binomial theorem
Binomial theoremfor
for positive
positive integer
integer
IfIfwe
If wewehave
havea
have a abracket
bracketcontain
bracket containtwo
contain twoterms
two termsraised
terms raisedto
raised totoa
a apower
powerwhich
power whichis
which isispositive
positiveand
positive andInteger
and Integer
Integer
If we
when
when have
we a bracket
expand allcontain
its two
term, terms
it’s raised
called an to a
expansionpowerforwhich is
example positive
: and Integer
when we we expand
expand all
all its
its term,
term, it’s
it’s called
called an
an expansion
expansion for for example
example ::
when we expand all its term, it’s called an expansion for example :
First
First Second
Second
First Second
term
First
term term
Second
term
term term
term term It’scalled
It’s calledthe
theexpansion
expansion
It’s called the expansion
𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙++𝒚𝒚𝒚𝒚 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐==
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐
𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 +𝒚𝒚
+𝒚𝒚𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐++𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 It’s
of called
ofofthe
the
the
thebracket
bracket
bracket
expansion
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 of the bracket
𝒙𝒙 + 𝒚𝒚 = 𝒙𝒙 +𝒚𝒚 + 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
Notice cetthat
NNootitcie
Notice that
thaat t
h
Thepower
o o The
o The poweron
power onthe
on thebracket
the bracketis
bracket isispositive
positiveand
positive andinteger
and integer
integer
o The power on the bracket is positive and integer
Thenumber
o o The
o The numberof
number ofofterms
termsof
terms ofofthe
theexpansion
the expansionis
expansion isismore
morethan
more thanthe
than thepower
the powerby
power byby1
11
o The number of terms of the expansion is more than the power by 1

BINOMIALTHEOREM
BINOMIAL
BINOMIAL THEOREM
THEOREM
BINOMIAL THEOREM
𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂+
𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂
𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏=
++𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃
𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃
𝒏𝒏
=𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪 𝑪𝑪𝟎𝟎××(𝒃𝒃𝒚𝒚)
(𝒃𝒃𝒚𝒚)
𝟎𝟎 𝟎𝟎
𝟎𝟎 ×× (𝒂𝒂𝒙𝒙)
(𝒂𝒂𝒙𝒙)𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏
𝒏𝒏 ++ 𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝟏𝟏×× (𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃)
(𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃) 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏 ×× (𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂)
(𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂)
𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏
𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏 ++
𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏 𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐××(𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃)
(𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃) 𝟐𝟐
𝟐𝟐 ××
𝟐𝟐 (𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂)
(𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂)
𝒏𝒏−𝟐𝟐
𝒏𝒏−𝟐𝟐 ……
𝒏𝒏−𝟐𝟐
𝒏𝒏 = 𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪𝟎𝟎 𝟎𝟎 × (𝒃𝒃𝒚𝒚)𝟎𝟎 × (𝒂𝒂𝒙𝒙)𝒏𝒏 +𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 × (𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃)𝟏𝟏 × (𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂)𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏 +𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 × (𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃)𝟐𝟐 × (𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂)𝒏𝒏−𝟐𝟐 …
𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 + 𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃 = 𝑪𝑪𝟎𝟎 × (𝒃𝒃𝒚𝒚) × (𝒂𝒂𝒙𝒙) + 𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪𝟏𝟏 × (𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃) 𝒏𝒏 × (𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂) 𝒏𝒏−𝒏𝒏 + 𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐 × (𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃) × (𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂) …
++ 𝑪𝑪𝒏𝒏× ×(𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃)
(𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃)
𝒏𝒏 ×× (𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂)
𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏−𝒏𝒏
+ 𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪𝒏𝒏
𝑪𝑪 × (𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃) × (𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂)
(𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂) 𝒏𝒏−𝒏𝒏
+ 𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏× (𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃)𝒏𝒏 × (𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂)𝒏𝒏−𝒏𝒏
NNoote
tess
Notes
oo The
o The
Notes
Theexponent
exponent(( (n
exponent nn)) )is
isisalways
alwayspositive
always positiveand
positive andinteger
and integer:: :n
integer n n∈
∈∈ℤ ℤ+
+
ℤ++
o The exponent ( n ) is always positive and integer : n ∈ ℤ
o Numberof
oo Number
Number ofofterms termsof
terms ofofthe
thetheexpansion
expansion=
expansion == 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛+
++1 11→ →→(( (power power+1
power +1+1)) )terms
terms
terms
o Number of terms of the expansion = 𝑛𝑛 + 1 → ( power +1 ) terms
Ex) 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 6 6 has ( 7 ) terms , 𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏10 10
has(( (11
Ex)
Ex) 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎+
++𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏66 has has (( 77 )) terms
terms ,, 𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 +
+ 𝑏𝑏 10 has
𝑏𝑏 10 has 1111)) )terms
termsand
terms andso
and sosoonon…
on ……
EX
Ex) 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 has ( 7 ) terms , 𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏 has ( 11 ) terms and so on …
oo In
o InInany
any anyterm
termterm,, the , thepower
the poweron
power ononthe
thefirst
the first 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
first 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 +
++the
thethepower poweron
power on onthe
thesecond
the second 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
second 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 =
==𝑛𝑛
𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛
o In any term , the power on the first 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + the power on the second 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 = 𝑛𝑛
2 3
Ex) if
Ex)
Ex) if if(10𝑏𝑏
(10𝑏𝑏
(10𝑏𝑏
2
2 𝑎𝑎3
𝑎𝑎 3𝑎𝑎)) )is
isisa
a aterm
termin
term ininthe
theexpansion
the expansion 𝑎𝑎
expansion 𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎+
+ +𝑏𝑏
𝑏𝑏 𝑏𝑏𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛then
then𝑛𝑛
then 𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛=
==33 3+
++22 2===5
55
EX if (10𝑏𝑏 𝑎𝑎 ) is a term in the expansion 𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏 𝑛𝑛 then
Ex) 2 3
𝑛𝑛 = 3 + 2 = 5

Thegeneral
The generalterm
termof
ofthe
theexpansion:
expansion:
The general term of the expansion:
The general term of the expansion:
𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝒓𝒓+𝟏𝟏
𝒓𝒓+𝟏𝟏== 𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝒓𝒓×× 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔
𝒏𝒏 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕
𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓×× 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇
𝒓𝒓 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕
𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝒏𝒏−𝒓𝒓
𝒏𝒏−𝒓𝒓
𝒏𝒏−𝒓𝒓
𝑻𝑻𝒓𝒓+𝟏𝟏 𝒏𝒏 𝒓𝒓 𝒓𝒓
𝒓𝒓+𝟏𝟏 = 𝑪𝑪 𝒓𝒓 × 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 × 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝒏𝒏−𝒓𝒓
𝒓𝒓
Where 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 is
Where
Where isisan
anindex
an indexand
index and(𝑟𝑟
and (𝑟𝑟(𝑟𝑟+
++1) isisthe
1)1)is theorder
the orderof
order ofofthe
theterm
the termwhile
term while∴
while ∴∴𝒓𝒓
𝒓𝒓 𝒓𝒓=
==𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨
𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨−
𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨 −−𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
Where 𝑟𝑟 is an index and (𝑟𝑟 + 1) is the order of the term while ∴ 𝒓𝒓 = 𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨 − 𝟏𝟏

2
Session one Algebra
For example,
For
For example,
example, For example,
For example, in the expansion 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
For example, in
in the
the expansion
expansion 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + in the
+ 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑛𝑛 expansion 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑛𝑛
in the expansion 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
𝑛𝑛 in 0the
1st term 𝑇𝑇1 = 𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶0 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏)
st expansion
× (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎) 𝑛𝑛−0
Last𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎term
+ 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑇𝑇 = 𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏)𝑛𝑛 × (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)𝑛𝑛−𝑛𝑛
1st term 0 st 𝑛𝑛−0
× (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏)0 × 1 0𝑛𝑛+1
(𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)𝑛𝑛−0 𝑇𝑇1 = Last
𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛−0𝑛𝑛
𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛
term 𝑛𝑛−𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛
× (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏) × (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)term Last term
𝑇𝑇1 = 𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶0 𝐶𝐶0 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏)𝑇𝑇 = 𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶𝑛𝑛 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏)
× (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎) 𝑛𝑛 × (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎) 𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛+1 =
𝑛𝑛−𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶𝑛𝑛 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
1 term 𝑇𝑇1 = 𝐶𝐶0 Last term 𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛+1
𝑛𝑛+1 = 𝐶𝐶𝑛𝑛 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏) × (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)
𝑛𝑛
1st term 𝑇𝑇1 = 𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶0 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏)00 × (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛−0
𝑛𝑛−0 Last term 𝑇𝑇
𝑛𝑛−𝑘𝑘𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛+1
= 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶𝑛𝑛 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏)𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 × (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)𝑛𝑛−𝑛𝑛
𝑛𝑛−𝑛𝑛
1st term 𝑇𝑇1 = 𝐶𝐶0 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏)𝑇𝑇𝑘𝑘+1 = 𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶𝑘𝑘 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏)Last
× (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎) 𝑘𝑘
× term
(𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎) 𝑛𝑛+1 = 𝐶𝐶𝑛𝑛 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏) × (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)
𝑇𝑇𝑘𝑘+1 = 𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶𝑘𝑘 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏)𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 × (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)𝑛𝑛−𝑘𝑘 𝑛𝑛 𝑘𝑘 𝑛𝑛−𝑘𝑘
𝑇𝑇𝑘𝑘+1 = 𝐶𝐶𝑘𝑘 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏) × (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)𝑛𝑛−𝑘𝑘𝑇𝑇𝑘𝑘+1 = 𝐶𝐶𝑘𝑘 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏) × (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)
𝑇𝑇𝑘𝑘+1 = 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶𝑘𝑘 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏)𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 × (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)𝑛𝑛−𝑘𝑘
𝑇𝑇𝑘𝑘+1 = 𝐶𝐶𝑘𝑘 × (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏) × (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)𝑛𝑛−𝑘𝑘
The
TheThe sum
sum
sum of
of the
of
the thecoefficients
Thecoefficients
coefficients
sum of the coefficients
The sum of the coefficients
The
The
If sum
If we want
sum
we want to of
to find
of
find the
the
the
the
sumcoefficients
sum
of the coefficients of the terms in the expansion, we
coefficients
ofvariables
If we want to find the sum ofwe
should put each value of If
the the coefficients
want
the toequal =of
find the
coefficients
the
sumterms
of1 the of thein
terms
the expansion,
incoefficients
the expansion,
weterms in the exp
of the
we
should put each value of the variables
should equal
put each value
= 1 of the variables equal = 1
should
If put to
we want each value
find of the
the sum ofvariables equal
the coefficients =of1 the terms in the expansion, we
If we want to find the sum of the coefficients of the terms in the expansion, we
should put each
For example, value
in the of the variables
expansion 2𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑦𝑦equal
5 = 1 the values of 𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦 equal to 1
⇒ put
should put each value of the variables equal =1
For example, in the expansion
For 2𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑦𝑦 55in ⇒
example, theput the values2𝑥𝑥
expansion of 𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦 equal
5 to 1
⇒ put the values of 𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦 eq
For example, in the expansion 2𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑦𝑦 ⇒5 put the values of+𝑥𝑥,3𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦 equal to 1
∴ 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2 +5 3 5 = 3125
For example, in the expansion∴ 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
2𝑥𝑥 =
∴ 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
2 +5 3⇒5 put
+ 3𝑦𝑦 the values
= 3125 ∴ 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆of=𝑥𝑥, 2𝑦𝑦 +
equal
3 5 =to3125
1
For example, in the expansion 2𝑥𝑥 = 2 + 3⇒ put
+ 3𝑦𝑦 = 3125
the values of 𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦 equal to 1
∴ 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2 + 3 55 = 3125
The ratio between two consecutive terms
∴ 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2 + 3 = 3125
The
The ratio between
between
Thetwotwo consecutive
The ratio between two consecutive terms
ratio consecutive
ratio between two terms
consecutive
terms term
The
The ratio
ratio between
between two
two consecutive
consecutive terms
terms
𝑻𝑻 𝒏𝒏 − 𝒓𝒓 + 𝟏𝟏 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕
𝒓𝒓+𝟏𝟏
𝑻𝑻
𝑻𝑻𝒓𝒓+𝟏𝟏 = 𝒏𝒏
𝒏𝒏 −
− 𝒓𝒓
𝒓𝒓 +
+ 𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏 × 𝑻𝑻𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔
𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔
𝒓𝒓+𝟏𝟏 𝒏𝒏 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕
− 𝒓𝒓 + 𝟏𝟏
𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕
𝑻𝑻𝒓𝒓+𝟏𝟏 =
= 𝒏𝒏 − 𝒓𝒓 ×
× =
𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 ×
𝑻𝑻
𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻
𝒓𝒓
𝑻𝑻𝒓𝒓+𝟏𝟏
𝒓𝒓 𝒏𝒏 − 𝒓𝒓
𝒓𝒓 +
+ 𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔
𝑻𝑻𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇
𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔
𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇
𝒓𝒓
𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕
𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕
𝒓𝒓
𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕
𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕
𝒓𝒓+𝟏𝟏
𝒓𝒓 =
= ×
×
Note that :
𝑻𝑻
𝑻𝑻𝒓𝒓 𝒓𝒓
𝒓𝒓 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇
𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕
𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕
Note 𝒓𝒓
Note that
that :: Note that :
Notice that
• (r) here is not the index it refer to the order
Note
•Note
• (r)
that
here
(r)that
here
: is not the index
• (r)
: is not the index it
it refer
hereto
refer is the
to not order
the the index it refer to the order
order
• (we put higher order in numerator and take the smaller order as ( r ) )
• (r) here is not the index it refer
put to the order
• (we
(r) put
put higher
(we here order
is not the
higher •in
in numerator
index
order (we
it refer
numerator to and
higher take
orderthe
the order
and take smaller
smaller order
in numerator
the andas
order (( rr ))the
astake )) smaller ord
• example,
For (we put higher order in numerator and take the smaller order as ( r ) )
• (we put higher order in numerator and take the smaller order as ( r ) )
For example, For example,
For example,
in the expansion 2𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑦𝑦 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 the ratio between the 7th term to the 6th term is 3: 2
in
Forthe expansion
example, 2𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑦𝑦 𝑛𝑛inthe ratio between the 7 th𝑛𝑛 term to the 6th term is 3:
2𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑦𝑦 the ratio between the 7 term to the 6 term is 3: 2term to the 6
the expansion the ratio between the 7
2𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑦𝑦 th 2 th
in the
For expansion
example, th th
𝑇𝑇7 𝑛𝑛− 6 +1 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛−5𝑛𝑛 × 3𝑦𝑦 = 3 ⇒ put 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑦𝑦 = 1thto solve the equation
⇒
in the
𝑇𝑇 = 6 +1 ×
7 expansion
𝑛𝑛− 6 2𝑥𝑥 +=3𝑦𝑦
2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛−5 the
𝑇𝑇7 ratio
3𝑦𝑦 𝑛𝑛− 6between
3 +1 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛the 7 𝑛𝑛−5 term 3𝑦𝑦 to3 the 6th term is
th in 3:𝑛𝑛 2
in
⇒ the
𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇7 =
6 expansion
𝑛𝑛− 6 +1 × 2𝑥𝑥 +=3𝑦𝑦 𝑛𝑛⇒
1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 6
𝑛𝑛−5 ×the
2𝑥𝑥
3𝑦𝑦 ratio
= 32 ⇒between
put
× 𝑥𝑥 =the =71thto
𝑦𝑦 = term
× solve=to the
the
⇒ 6 term
equation
put 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑦𝑦is
in
= 3:
1 2 solve the equ
𝑛𝑛to
⇒ 𝑇𝑇6 = 6 × 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 6 × 2𝑥𝑥 𝑇𝑇 = 2 ⇒ 6 put 𝑥𝑥1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
= 𝑦𝑦 = 16 to solve 2𝑥𝑥 2the equation in 𝑛𝑛
𝑇𝑇6
𝑇𝑇 𝑛𝑛− 6
6 +1 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 6
𝑛𝑛−5 2𝑥𝑥6
3𝑦𝑦 2
3
7
⇒ 𝑇𝑇7 = 𝑛𝑛− 6 +1 × 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = 𝑛𝑛−5 × 3𝑦𝑦
3(𝑛𝑛 −= 5)32 ⇒ 3 put 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑦𝑦 = 1 to solve the equation in 𝑛𝑛
⇒ 𝑇𝑇6 = 6 × 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = ∴6 3(𝑛𝑛× 2𝑥𝑥
−= 5)2= ⇒ 3 put to18
⇒ 𝑥𝑥3=𝑛𝑛 𝑦𝑦−=5 1=3(𝑛𝑛 solve
− 5) the 3 equation in 𝑛𝑛
𝑇𝑇6 6 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
∴ 2 ×−65) = 3
6 3(𝑛𝑛2𝑥𝑥
2 ⇒ 3 𝑛𝑛 − 5 ∴= 18 = ⇒ 3 𝑛𝑛 − 5 = 18
∴ 2 × 6 = 2 ⇒ 3 𝑛𝑛 − 5 = 2 18× 6 2
3(𝑛𝑛2 ×−65) ∴ 3
2
∴ 3(𝑛𝑛 − 5) = ∴ 3 𝑛𝑛 =
⇒ 113 𝑛𝑛 − 5 = 18
∴ 2×6 =∴ 2 𝑛𝑛
𝑛𝑛
=
⇒ 11
= 113 𝑛𝑛 − 5 = 18 ∴ 𝑛𝑛 = 11
2×6 2
∴ 𝑛𝑛 = 11
∴ 𝑛𝑛 = 11
3
 Algebra Session one
Cases forfor
Cases
Cases the ratio
the
for theratio
ratio
Cases for the ratioratioratio
Cases
Cases for
for the the
o Given thatthat
o oGiven
Given ratio of
ratio
that 𝑇𝑇of
ratio to
𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛to
𝑛𝑛 of is equal
𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛+1
to to 𝑎𝑎:to𝑏𝑏to
is equal 𝑎𝑎: 𝑎𝑎:
𝑏𝑏 𝑏𝑏
𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛+1is is equal
𝑛𝑛+1
o
o Given
Given that
that ratio
ratio of
of 𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇 to
to
o Given that ratio of 𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛 to 𝑛𝑛𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛+1 is
𝑛𝑛 𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛+1
𝑛𝑛+1 is equal
equal to
to
equal to 𝑎𝑎: 𝑏𝑏 𝑎𝑎:
𝑎𝑎: 𝑏𝑏
𝑏𝑏
( use ( use the
( use reciprocating
thethe reciprocating ‫مقلوبها‬
reciprocating‫مقلوبها‬ )‫مقلوبها‬
) )
(
( use
use the
the reciprocating
reciprocating
( use the reciprocating ‫) مقلوبها‬ ‫مقلوبها‬
‫مقلوبها‬ ))
𝑇𝑇4 𝑇𝑇4𝑎𝑎𝑇𝑇 𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 𝑇𝑇5 𝑇𝑇5𝑏𝑏𝑇𝑇 𝑏𝑏 𝑏𝑏
=𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇 4 = ∴
4 𝑎𝑎
=
𝑎𝑎 ⇒
𝑇𝑇4𝑇𝑇5 𝑇𝑇𝑎𝑎4𝑏𝑏= 𝑏𝑏 ∴ 𝑇𝑇⇒ ∴ ∴⇒ =𝑇𝑇𝑏𝑏55𝑎𝑎=
𝑇𝑇4⇒𝑇𝑇
5 𝑏𝑏
=𝑏𝑏
= 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇5 5 ∴𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 ⇒
5 𝑇𝑇 𝑏𝑏 5 𝑇𝑇 4 =
= 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇4 4 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎
𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇5 𝑏𝑏5 𝑇𝑇4 𝑎𝑎4
o Ratio
o oRatiomust
Ratio be between
must
must bebe between
between consecutive consecutive
consecutive terms terms
terms
o
o Ratio Ratio
o Ratio must
mustmust be between
be between
be between consecutive consecutive
consecutive terms terms
terms
If given
If If thatthat
given
given ratio
that of
ratio
ratio 𝑇𝑇of
𝑛𝑛 of to
𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛to to is equal
𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛−2 is equal to 𝑎𝑎:to𝑏𝑏toMultiple
𝑎𝑎: 𝑏𝑏 𝑏𝑏Multiple the the ratio by
ratio the
byby
the
𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛−2is is equal 𝑎𝑎: Multiple the ratio the
𝑛𝑛−2
If given
If given
If given that
that that ratio
ratioratio of 𝑇𝑇
of 𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛ofto𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛−2 to
to 𝑇𝑇is 𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛−2
𝑛𝑛−2
equal
is equal
equal to 𝑎𝑎: toto 𝑎𝑎: 𝑏𝑏 Multiple
𝑎𝑎: 𝑏𝑏 Multiple
𝑏𝑏 Multiple the ratiothe ratio
the ratio
by theby
by the
the
terms
termsin between
terms ininbetween(𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛−1
between ) , Then
(𝑇𝑇(𝑇𝑇
𝑛𝑛−1 ) ,)Then useuse
, Then the
use ratio
the the rule
ratio
ratio for
rulerule each
forfor of
each
each them
ofofthem
them
terms terms
terms in between
in between
in between (𝑇𝑇
(𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛−1(𝑇𝑇
𝑛𝑛−1
, Then
) 𝑛𝑛−1
𝑛𝑛−1
) ,
) , ThenThen use the use
useratiothe
the ratioratio
rule rulerule
for each for each
for eachof them of
of them
them
example
example
example
example
example
example
𝑇𝑇6 𝑇𝑇6𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇6 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 5 𝑇𝑇5𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇6 𝑇𝑇6𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇5 𝑇𝑇5𝑇𝑇a aa
⇒ 𝑇𝑇⇒⇒=𝑇𝑇 6=×𝑇𝑇6𝑇𝑇× 6= 𝑇𝑇 5= 𝑇𝑇 ×6 𝑇𝑇6× ×𝑇𝑇 =5a 5= = aa
𝑇𝑇⇒ 𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇
6
6 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇4= =
𝑇𝑇 6
𝑇𝑇
6 ×𝑇𝑇5
5 𝑇𝑇 = 𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇65 𝑇𝑇5𝑇𝑇 5𝑇𝑇×
6 𝑇𝑇 5 b=
⇒
6
⇒ 4 𝑇𝑇 4
6
= 𝑇𝑇5
4 5×
× 𝑇𝑇
= 4× 𝑇𝑇 4=𝑇𝑇 5 ×𝑇𝑇 5 =𝑇𝑇 4 b b
𝑇𝑇 5𝑇𝑇 =
= ×4 𝑇𝑇4 𝑇𝑇 = b
𝑇𝑇4 𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇444 𝑇𝑇544 𝑇𝑇55 𝑇𝑇5 𝑇𝑇55 𝑇𝑇4 𝑇𝑇44b b
𝑇𝑇7 𝑇𝑇7𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇7 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 7𝑇𝑇6 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 5 𝑇𝑇5𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇7 𝑇𝑇7𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇6 𝑇𝑇6𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇5 𝑇𝑇5𝑇𝑇a
6𝑇𝑇 a
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = 𝑇𝑇 7
= × 𝑇𝑇 ×7× 𝑇𝑇 6=
× 𝑇𝑇 5= 𝑇𝑇 × 7× ×
𝑇𝑇 6 × 𝑇𝑇 = 5= a a
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 𝑇𝑇 =
𝑇𝑇7𝑇𝑇4 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇77𝑇𝑇4= 𝑇𝑇6𝑇𝑇
7 𝑇𝑇 7
7 × 𝑇𝑇5 𝑇𝑇
× 𝑇𝑇
×
65× 𝑇𝑇5 𝑇𝑇=
6
𝑇𝑇 5 = 𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇76 𝑇𝑇67𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇×
7 × 𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇5 𝑇𝑇65𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇×
6 × 𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇4 𝑇𝑇45a𝑇𝑇b =
5 =a
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 =𝑇𝑇4𝑇𝑇4= × 𝑇𝑇46𝑇𝑇× 4 𝑇𝑇6𝑇𝑇× 6 𝑇𝑇5𝑇𝑇5= ×
= 6
6
× × 5
5
× = 4 = bb
𝑇𝑇4 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇444 𝑇𝑇644 𝑇𝑇566 𝑇𝑇55 𝑇𝑇6 𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇66 𝑇𝑇5 𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇55 𝑇𝑇4 𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇44b b
b
The greatest
The
The term
greatest
greatesttermin in
term the expansion
inthe
theexpansion
expansion
The The greatest term inexpansion
greatest
The greatest term
term in in
the the
expansion
the expansion
If we want
IfIf
wewe to find
want
wanttoto the
find
findgreatest
the term
greatest
the greatest in the
term
term inin expansion,
the expansion,
the expansion, we we
assume
we thatthat
assume
assume that
If we want to find the greatest term in the expansion, we assume that that
If we want to find the greatest term in the expansion, we assume
Greatest term
Greatest
Greatest is equal
term
term is is to 𝑇𝑇to
equal
equal 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
to
𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
Greatest term is equal to 𝑇𝑇 to 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
Greatest term is equal 𝑟𝑟+1 𝑟𝑟+1

𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇≥𝑟𝑟+1 𝑛𝑛 −𝑛𝑛𝑟𝑟𝑛𝑛−+−𝑟𝑟1𝑟𝑟++1 12𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
∴ ∴𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
∴𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 1≥≥1⇒ ⇒
𝑛𝑛⇒− 𝑛𝑛𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟−
+ 𝑟𝑟1 +×12𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
××2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 ≥ 1≥≥1 1
∴ 𝑇𝑇
∴
𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇
𝑟𝑟 ≥𝑟𝑟𝑇𝑇1 ≥ 1⇒1 ⇒ 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟× × 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠1 ≥ 1
≥
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+2
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+2
𝑇𝑇≤𝑟𝑟+2 𝑛𝑛 −𝑛𝑛𝑟𝑟𝑛𝑛−−𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
∴𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+2𝑇𝑇
∴ ∴ 𝑟𝑟+2 1≤⇒
𝑟𝑟+2 ≤ 1 ⇒1 ⇒
𝑛𝑛 − 𝑛𝑛
𝑟𝑟 − ×𝑟𝑟 ×
2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
× ≤ 1≤ ≤1
𝑇𝑇
∴ 𝑟𝑟+1∴ 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
≤𝑇𝑇 1 ≤
⇒ 1 ⇒ 𝑟𝑟 +𝑟𝑟1 +×
𝑟𝑟 +1 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
×
1 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
≤ 1
1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ≤ 11
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑟𝑟+1
𝑟𝑟+1
𝑟𝑟 + 𝑟𝑟1 + 11𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

Then solve
Then
Then the the
solve
solve two
the inequalities
two
two to get
inequalities toto
inequalities the
get value
the
get of 𝑟𝑟ofof𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
value
the value
Then
ThenThen solve
solvesolve the two inequalities
the inequalities
the two two inequalities to get
to the
to get the value
get value of 𝑟𝑟 of
the value of 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
ButBut
remember
Butrememberthat
remember the
that greatest
thatthe
the term
greatest
greatesttermis
term𝑇𝑇is𝑟𝑟+1𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
But remember that the greatest term
But remember that the greatest term is 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 is is𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑟𝑟+1
𝑟𝑟+1

4
Session one Algebra
For example,
ForFor example,
example,
For
In example,
the expansion 2𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 10
10 10
find the value of the greatest term at 𝑥𝑥 = 3 , 𝑦𝑦 = 2
In the
In the expansion
expansion 2𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 findfind
− 3𝑦𝑦 thethe value
value of the
of the greatest
greatest term term
at 𝑥𝑥at=𝑥𝑥3=, 𝑦𝑦3 =
, 𝑦𝑦2= 2
10
In the expansion𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 2𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 find the value
10 − 𝑟𝑟 + 1 −3 × 2 of the greatest term
11 − 𝑟𝑟 at 𝑥𝑥 = 3 , 𝑦𝑦 =2
⇒
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1≥ 1 ⇒10 10 − 𝑟𝑟−+𝑟𝑟1+ 1×−3−3 × 2× 2 ≥ 1 11 ∴ 11 − 𝑟𝑟− 𝑟𝑟≥ 1 ⇒ 𝑟𝑟 < 5.5
⇒ 𝑇𝑇⇒ 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟≥ 1≥ ⇒ 1 ⇒10 − 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟+ 1 × × −3 2××23≥ 1≥ 1 ∴ 11 ∴ −𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 ≥ 1≥ 1⇒ ⇒𝑟𝑟 <𝑟𝑟5.5 < 5.5
⇒ 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟≥ 1 ⇒ 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 × 2 ×23× 3≥ 1 ∴ 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 ≥ 1 ⇒ 𝑟𝑟 < 5.5
𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟 𝑇𝑇 10𝑟𝑟 − 𝑟𝑟 −32 × × 23 10 − 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟+2
𝑇𝑇∴𝑟𝑟+2𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+2≤ 1 ⇒10 10 − 𝑟𝑟− 𝑟𝑟×−3−3× 2× 2 ≤ 1 ∴ 10
10 − 𝑟𝑟− 𝑟𝑟≤ 1 ⇒ 𝑟𝑟 > 4.5
∴ 𝑇𝑇∴𝑟𝑟+2𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1≤ 1≤⇒1 ⇒10 𝑟𝑟−+𝑟𝑟 1 × ×−3 2××23≤ 1≤ 1 ∴ 10 ∴ 𝑟𝑟−+𝑟𝑟 1≤ 1≤ ⇒ 1 ⇒𝑟𝑟 >𝑟𝑟4.5 > 4.5
∴ 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
≤ 1 ⇒ 𝑟𝑟 +𝑟𝑟1+ × 1 2 ×23× 3≤ 1 ∴ 𝑟𝑟 +𝑟𝑟1+ ≤ 1 1 ⇒ 𝑟𝑟 > 4.5
Then 4.5𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 < 𝑟𝑟 < 5.5 ⇒𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟+=1 5 also 2 × 3the greatest 𝑟𝑟term + 1 is 𝑇𝑇6
ThenThen 4.54.5
< 𝑟𝑟<<𝑟𝑟5.5 < 5.5⇒ 𝑟𝑟⇒=𝑟𝑟5= 5also also
thethe greatest
greatest termtermis 𝑇𝑇is6 𝑇𝑇6
Then 4.5 < 𝑟𝑟 < 5.5 ⇒ 𝑟𝑟 = 5 also the greatest term is 𝑇𝑇6
Review
Review
Review
For example,
Review
Review In the expansion 2𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 10 𝑛𝑛
𝑛𝑛𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛
find the value of the greatest term at 𝑥𝑥 = 3 , 𝑦𝑦 = 2
𝑛𝑛 𝑚𝑚
𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛 ×𝑚𝑚 𝑛𝑛+𝑚𝑚
𝑎𝑎𝑟𝑟+1𝑚𝑚 = 𝑛𝑛+𝑚𝑚
𝑎𝑎10 𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛 11=− 𝑟𝑟𝑛𝑛−𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛−𝑚𝑚 𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 ×𝑛𝑛𝑏𝑏𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = 𝑎𝑎 × 𝑏𝑏𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
𝑛𝑛
𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛𝑎𝑎× 𝑎𝑎
×𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑎=
⇒
𝑇𝑇 𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛+𝑚𝑚
=⇒𝑛𝑛+𝑚𝑚
≥ 1𝑎𝑎
− 𝑟𝑟 + 1
×
−3 × 2
1 𝑎𝑎 ∴= 𝑎𝑎
≥𝑎𝑎
𝑚𝑚 = ≥𝑎𝑎1𝑛𝑛−𝑚𝑚 ⇒ 𝑟𝑟 < 5.5
𝑛𝑛
𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛𝑎𝑎× 𝑏𝑏×𝑛𝑛𝑏𝑏= =𝑎𝑎 ×𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏× 𝑏𝑏𝑛𝑛
2 × 3 𝑎𝑎 𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑎 𝑚𝑚 𝑟𝑟 𝑛𝑛−𝑚𝑚
𝑎𝑎 × 𝑎𝑎 = 𝑎𝑎 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
= 𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 × 𝑏𝑏 = 𝑎𝑎 × 𝑏𝑏
1 𝑟𝑟+2 −𝑛𝑛 10 − 𝑟𝑟 −3 × 2 𝑎𝑎 𝑚𝑚 𝑛𝑛 10𝑚𝑚− 𝑟𝑟 ≤ 1 ⇒ 𝑛𝑛
1 1∴ 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇= 𝑎𝑎
≤1⇒ × ≤ 1 𝑎𝑎 ∴
𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛
𝑚𝑚 𝑚𝑚 𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛×𝑚𝑚
= 𝑛𝑛×𝑚𝑚 𝑟𝑟 > 4.5
𝑛𝑛×𝑚𝑚
𝑚𝑚 𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛
𝑚𝑚 𝑚𝑚𝑛𝑛𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛 = 𝑎𝑎 𝑚𝑚
1 𝑎𝑎 =
𝑛𝑛 𝑟𝑟+1−𝑛𝑛 −𝑛𝑛
=
𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 𝑟𝑟 + 1 2 × 3
𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 =
𝑟𝑟 + 1
=
𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 𝑚𝑚 𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛𝑎𝑎= 𝑎𝑎 =𝑚𝑚𝑛𝑛𝑎𝑎𝑚𝑚
Then 𝑛𝑛< 𝑟𝑟 <−𝑛𝑛
𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑎𝑎4.5= 𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛 𝑚𝑚
5.5 ⇒ 𝑟𝑟 = 5 also the greatest term 𝑇𝑇6 𝑛𝑛×𝑚𝑚
=is 𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 = 𝑎𝑎𝑚𝑚
𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛
Review Finding
Finding
Finding term
termterm contain
contain𝑥𝑥 𝐾𝐾𝑥𝑥 𝐾𝐾
contain 𝑥𝑥
𝐾𝐾
𝐾𝐾

× 𝑎𝑎 = 𝑎𝑎 Finding=term contain
2 𝑎𝑎 × 𝑏𝑏 5 = 𝑎𝑎 × 𝑏𝑏𝑥𝑥
𝑛𝑛
𝑎𝑎
𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛 𝑚𝑚 𝑛𝑛+𝑚𝑚
𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛−𝑚𝑚 𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛
For example, in the𝑎𝑎 expansion + 3𝑥𝑥52 5 find the term contain 𝑥𝑥 7
𝑚𝑚
2 2
For1For example,
example, in the
in the expansion2 +𝑥𝑥 3𝑥𝑥
expansion + 23𝑥𝑥52find find
the
𝑛𝑛
the term
term 𝑥𝑥 7 𝑥𝑥 7
contain
contain
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
For𝑛𝑛 example,
= 𝑎𝑎 −𝑛𝑛 in the𝑎𝑎expansion
𝑛𝑛 𝑚𝑚
= 𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛×𝑚𝑚
+ 3𝑥𝑥 2 𝑎𝑎find
𝑚𝑚
𝑥𝑥 7
the term contain5−𝑟𝑟
𝑛𝑛 = 𝑎𝑎 𝑚𝑚
𝑎𝑎 𝑥𝑥 2 5−𝑟𝑟
2 𝑟𝑟2 5−𝑟𝑟
✓ First : express the general term 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = 5
𝐶𝐶 𝑟𝑟 3𝑥𝑥 2
✓ ✓ First
First : express
: express the the generalgeneral term term
Finding term contain 𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟+1𝑟𝑟+1 5 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 2 𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥2 𝑥𝑥 𝐾𝐾 𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇 = 5= 5 𝐶𝐶 23𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟2 𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥5−𝑟𝑟
𝐶𝐶 3𝑥𝑥
✓ First : express the general term 5 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 3𝑥𝑥
✓ secondFor: example,
separate in the the expansionnumbers 2
+ 3𝑥𝑥 2 from find the the variables
term contain 𝑥𝑥 7 (x) 𝑥𝑥
second
second
✓ ✓ : separate
: separate thethe numbersnumbers 𝑥𝑥
from from thethe variables
variables 5−𝑟𝑟
(x)(x)
✓ second : separate the
✓ First : express the general term numbers from
𝑇𝑇 the
5
= 𝐶𝐶 3𝑥𝑥 variables
2 𝑟𝑟
2 (x)1 5−𝑟𝑟5−𝑟𝑟
5 𝑟𝑟+1 2 𝑟𝑟 (5−𝑟𝑟) 𝑥𝑥 2 𝑟𝑟1 5−𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 =5 5𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 ×23 2×(5−𝑟𝑟) 2 (5−𝑟𝑟) 2𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟2 𝑟𝑟 1
✓ second : separate the numbers 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1=from = 𝐶𝐶 𝑟𝑟 ×𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟3× × 3 2(x) ×2 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 1 𝑥𝑥5−𝑟𝑟
5the variables
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 × 3 × 2 5−𝑟𝑟 2 (5−𝑟𝑟)
𝑥𝑥 2 𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
✓ Third : use the previous rules to add 1 all powers on 𝑥𝑥 the variable (x)
✓ ✓ Third
Third : use: use thethe previous
previous
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = 5 𝐶𝐶rules𝑟𝑟 × rules
32 × to 2(5−𝑟𝑟)to
add 𝑥𝑥add
2 𝑟𝑟
all all powers on the variable (x)
𝑥𝑥 powers on the variable (x)
✓ Third : use the previous rules
✓ Third : use the previous rules𝑇𝑇to add=all
to5 𝐶𝐶add 3all
2 powers (5−𝑟𝑟) on2𝑟𝑟 the−5+𝑟𝑟variable (x)
𝑟𝑟+1 5 𝑟𝑟 ×2on
5 powers ×(5−𝑟𝑟)
2the 2
variable
(5−𝑟𝑟) (x)2𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 −5+𝑟𝑟
2𝑟𝑟 −5+𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1𝑟𝑟+1 =
= 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 ×𝑟𝑟3 × 2 𝐶𝐶 × 3 × 2 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
5 2(5−𝑟𝑟) 𝑥𝑥22𝑟𝑟 −5+𝑟𝑟(5−𝑟𝑟) 2𝑟𝑟 −5+𝑟𝑟
✓ Fourth : equate the 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 =𝑇𝑇 𝑟𝑟+1𝑟𝑟 = on𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟
power
5
𝐶𝐶 × 32 ×
x× by3 the × 2power 𝑥𝑥you are searching for
✓ ✓ ✓Fourth
Fourth
Fourth : :equate
: equateequate the
the the
power power power
on x byon theon xpower
byx by youthe
the power
are power
searching you you
for areare searching
searching forfor
✓ Fourth : equate the𝑥𝑥 power 3𝑟𝑟 −5 𝑥𝑥 3 3𝑟𝑟
=3𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥 −5
on
3𝑟𝑟 −5
, ∴ −5
x=by
3𝑟𝑟 −= 3𝑥𝑥=
5
3
3
the
7 ⇒
power
, ∴ 𝑟𝑟3𝑟𝑟 − 5 =you 7 ⇒
= 4− 5 = 7 ⇒ 𝑟𝑟 = 4
are𝑟𝑟 searching
=4 for
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥, ∴ , ∴
7 3𝑟𝑟 3𝑟𝑟
− 5 = 7 ⇒ 7 𝑟𝑟 = 4
Then 3𝑟𝑟the−5
𝑥𝑥 Then Then
term
𝑥𝑥the
contain
=the 3 𝑥𝑥term is 𝑇𝑇5 contain 𝑥𝑥 is 𝑇𝑇5
, ∴term3𝑟𝑟contain
−contain
5 = 𝑥𝑥77 ⇒ 𝑟𝑟 = 4
Then the
term is7𝑇𝑇is
𝑥𝑥 5 𝑇𝑇5
Note that : Then the term contain 𝑥𝑥 is 𝑇𝑇5 7
Note that :
NoNteottehtahta: t :
Notice
N o t tthat
eothToafind :the term free of 𝑥𝑥 search for the term contain 𝑥𝑥
0

o o To
𝑟𝑟 ∈find the…term
0,1,2,3 so, it free offraction
can’t be 𝑥𝑥 search the term contain0𝑥𝑥 00
for, negative
, decimal
o oTo find
To findthethe term
term freefreeof 𝑥𝑥ofsearch
𝑥𝑥 search for for
thethe termterm contain
contain 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
o To find the term free of 𝑥𝑥 search for the term contain 𝑥𝑥 0
o 𝑟𝑟 ∈ 0,1,2,3 … so, it can’t be fraction , decimal , negative
o o𝑟𝑟 ∈𝑟𝑟 ∈0,1,2,3 … …so,so,
0,1,2,3 it can’t
it can’t be be fraction
fraction , decimal
, decimal , negative
, negative
o 𝑟𝑟 ∈ 0,1,2,3 … so, it can’t be fraction , decimal , negative
5
 Algebra Session one
Expanding the expansion 𝒂𝒂 + 𝒃𝒃 𝒏𝒏

𝒏𝒏
Expanding
Expanding
Expanding thethetheexpansion
expansion
expansion 𝒂𝒂 +𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒃𝒃
++𝒃𝒃
𝒏𝒏 𝒃𝒃 𝒏𝒏
Remember that:
Expanding the expansion 𝒂𝒂 + 𝒃𝒃 𝒏𝒏
𝒏𝒏
𝑪𝑪𝟎𝟎 𝒃𝒃𝟎𝟎 𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏 + 𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪𝟏𝟏 𝒃𝒃𝟏𝟏 𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏 + … Expanding
+ 𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪𝒏𝒏 𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏 𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏−𝒏𝒏the + 𝒏𝒏. 𝒃𝒃. 𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏𝒂𝒂++…𝒃𝒃+𝒏𝒏𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏
= 𝒂𝒂expansion
𝒏𝒏 𝑛𝑛
Remember 𝐶𝐶0 =that:
Remember
Remember
𝑛𝑛that:
𝐶𝐶that:
𝑛𝑛 = 1
𝒏𝒏
𝒏𝒏𝑪𝑪 𝒃𝒃𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 + 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪 𝒃𝒃𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏 Expanding
𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏 + … + 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏
𝒏𝒏𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏−𝒏𝒏the expansion
𝒏𝒏−𝒏𝒏 = 𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏
𝒏𝒏 + 𝒏𝒏. 𝒃𝒃. 𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏 𝒂𝒂 + 𝒃𝒃
𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏 + … + 𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 𝑛𝑛Remember
𝑛𝑛
𝐶𝐶𝑛𝑛00𝑛𝑛=𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 =that:
𝒏𝒏 + 𝑪𝑪 𝒏𝒏𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏−𝒏𝒏 𝑛𝑛=
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛1 1
𝒏𝒏
𝑪𝑪𝟎𝟎 𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑪𝑪
𝟎𝟎 𝒏𝒏𝒃𝒃𝟎𝟎 𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏
𝒂𝒂𝟎𝟎 +𝟎𝟎 𝒏𝒏
+𝟏𝟏 𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝑪𝑪
𝑪𝑪 𝒏𝒏
𝒂𝒂
𝟏𝟏 𝒃𝒃𝟏𝟏 𝒂𝒂+𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏 𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏 𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏
… +
+ … 𝑪𝑪𝒏𝒏
𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏
𝒃𝒃
𝒏𝒏
𝑪𝑪𝒂𝒂
𝒏𝒏 𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏 𝒂𝒂=
𝒏𝒏−𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏
𝒂𝒂
𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏−𝒏𝒏
𝒏𝒏
=+𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏.
𝒏𝒏
+
𝒃𝒃. 𝒏𝒏.
𝒂𝒂 𝒃𝒃. 𝒂𝒂+𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏
𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏
…
𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏
+
+ …𝒏𝒏+ 𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏 𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶Remember
𝒃𝒃 𝒏𝒏 0 =𝑛𝑛𝐶𝐶0𝐶𝐶= 𝑛𝑛 =1 𝐶𝐶
𝑛𝑛
1𝑛𝑛 =
that:
𝑪𝑪𝟎𝟎 𝒃𝒃 𝒂𝒂 + 𝑪𝑪𝟏𝟏 𝒃𝒃 𝒂𝒂 + … + 𝑪𝑪𝒏𝒏 𝒃𝒃 𝒂𝒂 = 𝒂𝒂 + 𝒏𝒏. 𝒃𝒃. 𝒂𝒂 + … + 𝒃𝒃 𝐶𝐶𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛0𝐶𝐶𝑛𝑛1=
Remember 𝐶𝐶 that:
1 = 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
=1
𝒏𝒏 𝟎𝟎 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 𝟏𝟏 𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏−𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏 𝒏𝒏 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶1 =𝑛𝑛𝐶𝐶 𝑛𝑛 = 𝑛𝑛
𝑪𝑪𝟎𝟎 𝒃𝒃 𝒏𝒏𝒂𝒂 +𝟎𝟎 𝒏𝒏𝑪𝑪𝟏𝟏 𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏 𝒂𝒂 𝟏𝟏 +𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏 … + 𝑪𝑪𝒏𝒏 𝒃𝒃 𝒂𝒂 = 𝒂𝒂 + 𝒏𝒏. 𝒃𝒃. 𝒂𝒂 + … + 𝒃𝒃 𝐶𝐶
𝑛𝑛0
= 𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛𝐶𝐶
1 = 1
𝑪𝑪𝟎𝟎 𝒃𝒃 𝒂𝒂 + 𝑪𝑪𝟏𝟏 𝒃𝒃 𝒂𝒂 + … + 𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪𝒏𝒏 𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏 𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏−𝒏𝒏 = 𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏 + 𝒏𝒏. 𝒃𝒃. 𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏−𝟏𝟏 + … + 𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏 𝐶𝐶0 =𝐶𝐶1𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶=𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛= 1
For example : 𝑛𝑛
𝐶𝐶𝑛𝑛1 = 𝑛𝑛
For example : 𝐶𝐶1 = 𝑛𝑛
For example
For example : : 5 4 3 2 5
If the Ifexpansion
For example :the expansion = 32𝑥𝑥 = 32𝑥𝑥
−55240𝑥𝑥
−
𝑦𝑦44+ 720𝑥𝑥 33𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 22 + ⋯ − 243𝑦𝑦 55
5 240𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦4 + 720𝑥𝑥 3 2 3 𝑦𝑦 + 2 ⋯ − 243𝑦𝑦 5
For example If the: If expansion
the expansion = 32𝑥𝑥 =532𝑥𝑥
− 240𝑥𝑥 4
− 240𝑥𝑥
𝑦𝑦 + 𝑦𝑦 + 720𝑥𝑥
720𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦 + ⋯ +− ⋯
243𝑦𝑦 5
− 243𝑦𝑦
Then 𝑛𝑛Then For
= 5 (the example :
𝑛𝑛 = 5sum of the of exponents = 32𝑥𝑥 of−of any term )) 𝑦𝑦 + ⋯ − 243𝑦𝑦 5
5 4 3 2
If the
(the sum expansion
the exponents 240𝑥𝑥
any 𝑦𝑦term
+ 720𝑥𝑥
ThenThen 𝑛𝑛 = 5𝑛𝑛 = (the5If (the
sum
the sum
of theof exponents
the=exponents 5 of any of4any term term) 3 𝑦𝑦 ) 23 +2 ⋯ − 243𝑦𝑦 5 5
Then (the If expansion
the expansion
sum of the
32𝑥𝑥
= 32𝑥𝑥
exponents
− 5240𝑥𝑥
− of 240𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦 + 4 720𝑥𝑥
𝑦𝑦 term
+ 720𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦 + ⋯ − 243𝑦𝑦
𝑛𝑛 = 5 5 5
5 𝑛𝑛𝑏𝑏 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = −243𝑦𝑦555) ∴ 𝑏𝑏 =
any 555
⇒ 𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛Then
= ⇒32𝑥𝑥
⇒ 𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛⇒
𝑎𝑎
=
𝑛𝑛5= 32𝑥𝑥 55 ∴ 𝑎𝑎 =
𝑛𝑛
𝑛𝑛𝑎𝑎32𝑥𝑥
= ∴
𝑛𝑛 5 5 (the
=𝑛𝑛32𝑥𝑥
𝑎𝑎
∴
= 32𝑥𝑥
5
5 sum of the
𝑎𝑎 ∴= 𝑎𝑎sum
=
32𝑥𝑥
5532𝑥𝑥
= =
2𝑥𝑥 ,
55 = 2𝑥𝑥
exponents
532𝑥𝑥 ,
5 = ,2𝑥𝑥 , 𝑏𝑏
2𝑥𝑥
𝑏𝑏
of𝑛𝑛 = =
any −243𝑦𝑦
𝑛𝑛 term5 ) 5
𝑏𝑏−243𝑦𝑦 = −243𝑦𝑦 ∴
∴𝑏𝑏
𝑏𝑏 =
5
∴= 𝑏𝑏 =
5
−243𝑦𝑦
−243𝑦𝑦
−243𝑦𝑦
−243𝑦𝑦
5 =
55 =
5 =
5 = −3𝑦𝑦 −3𝑦𝑦−3𝑦𝑦
−3𝑦𝑦
Then 𝑛𝑛
= 5 5
(the 5of the 5
exponents of any
𝑛𝑛
term )5 5 5
⇒ 𝑎𝑎 = 32𝑥𝑥 ∴Then 𝑎𝑎 =5 the 32𝑥𝑥 = 2𝑥𝑥 , is 𝑎𝑎𝑏𝑏+ = 𝑏𝑏𝑛𝑛 −243𝑦𝑦
𝑛𝑛 = 2𝑥𝑥 −∴3𝑦𝑦𝑏𝑏 555
𝑛𝑛 = −243𝑦𝑦 = −3𝑦𝑦
Then the 5 5expansion
expansion is 𝑎𝑎 +
𝑛𝑛 𝑏𝑏𝑎𝑎𝑏𝑏𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = 𝑛𝑛 2𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦
53𝑦𝑦 55 5
⇒ 𝑎𝑎 ⇒𝑛𝑛 5
= 𝑎𝑎32𝑥𝑥= 32𝑥𝑥
𝑛𝑛 Then Then
the
∴ 𝑎𝑎 ∴= 𝑎𝑎 =
5 the
32𝑥𝑥 32𝑥𝑥 expansion
expansion
= 2𝑥𝑥= 2𝑥𝑥
5 is
, , 𝑏𝑏 =𝑎𝑎is+ +
𝑏𝑏 −243𝑦𝑦𝑏𝑏
= =
2𝑥𝑥 5−2𝑥𝑥
= −243𝑦𝑦 ∴ ∴𝑏𝑏 =3𝑦𝑦
5 − 𝑏𝑏 = −243𝑦𝑦−243𝑦𝑦5 =
5 =−3𝑦𝑦
−3𝑦𝑦
Then the expansion is 𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏 𝑛𝑛 = 2𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 5
ThenThen the the expansion
expansion is is 𝑎𝑎 +𝑎𝑎𝑏𝑏+𝑛𝑛𝑏𝑏=𝑛𝑛 = 2𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥
− 3𝑦𝑦
− 3𝑦𝑦5 5

Special
Special
Special
Special expansions
expansions
expansions
expansions
Special expansions
Special expansions
𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 𝟐𝟐 𝒏𝒏 𝟑𝟑 𝒏𝒏
❑ Special
Special
❑❑
𝟏𝟏 + 𝟏𝟏
𝒙𝒙
❑ 𝟏𝟏 +❑𝒙𝒙 𝟏𝟏 =+ 𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙=expansions
+expansions
𝟏𝟏𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏==𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏++𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙
𝟏𝟏 + 𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙 + +
𝒏𝒏+ 𝒏𝒏
𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙
𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪 𝑪𝑪
𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙+
𝑪𝑪
𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐+
𝒏𝒏+ 𝒏𝒏
𝒏𝒏𝑪𝑪 𝑪𝑪
𝒙𝒙𝟑𝟑 𝒙𝒙
𝑪𝑪 +
𝟑𝟑 𝒙𝒙 𝟑𝟑++⋯⋯
⋯ + ++
𝒙𝒙 𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒏𝒏
⋯⋯++𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏
+ 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏 +=𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙
𝒏𝒏
𝟏𝟏 ++𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙𝑪𝑪+𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝑪𝑪 +
𝟐𝟐𝒏𝒏 𝟐𝟐
𝒏𝒏
𝒙𝒙 +𝑪𝑪𝟑𝟑 𝒙𝒙
𝟐𝟐 𝟑𝟑𝒏𝒏
𝑪𝑪 𝒙𝒙+ +
𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟑
𝒏𝒏 𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 𝒏𝒏 𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟑 𝒏𝒏
❑ ❑+ 𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙+𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏 𝒙𝒙= 𝟏𝟏=+𝟏𝟏𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙
+ 𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙
+ 𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏+𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙
𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙
+ +𝒏𝒏𝑪𝑪𝟑𝟑𝑪𝑪
𝒏𝒏 𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝒙𝒙+ +
⋯⋯++𝒙𝒙𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙 𝒏𝒏
❑ 𝟏𝟏 −𝒏𝒏 − 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏= 𝟏𝟏 − 𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙 +
𝟏𝟏𝒙𝒙− 𝒙𝒙= 𝒏𝒏𝟏𝟏=−𝟏𝟏𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙 −+ 𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙𝒏𝒏+ 𝒏𝒏 𝟐𝟐
𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙𝑪𝑪 𝟐𝟐−
𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐𝒏𝒏−𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪
𝒏𝒏 𝟑𝟑+ ⋯ + −𝒙𝒙
𝑪𝑪𝟑𝟑𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙𝑪𝑪𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑+𝒙𝒙 𝟑𝟑⋯++⋯−𝒙𝒙
𝟑𝟑 + −𝒙𝒙 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏
❑ ❑ 𝒏𝒏 𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐−
❑ 𝟏𝟏 −❑𝒙𝒙❑𝟏𝟏 = − 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏 −= 𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙
𝟏𝟏 −+𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙𝑪𝑪 +𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝒏𝒏𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐− 𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐−𝑪𝑪𝟑𝟑𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙 𝑪𝑪𝟑𝟑 𝒙𝒙+𝟑𝟑 + ⋯ ++
⋯ −𝒙𝒙−𝒙𝒙 𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏
𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏example: −𝒏𝒏 𝒙𝒙 = 𝟏𝟏 − 𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙 +
𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐
− 𝒙𝒙 = 𝟏𝟏 − 𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙 + 𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐 − 𝑪𝑪𝟑𝟑 𝒙𝒙𝟑𝟑 + ⋯ + −𝒙𝒙
❑Forexample:
For 𝒙𝒙 −
𝒏𝒏 𝑪𝑪 𝟑𝟑 𝒙𝒙 + ⋯ + −𝒙𝒙𝒏𝒏
For example:
For example:
the expansion : 1 + 5𝑥𝑥 5+ 55 𝐶𝐶5222𝑥𝑥 22 + 𝑥𝑥 55 = 1 +5𝑥𝑥 55 5
For example:
For example:
the expansion
the expansion : 1 +: 5𝑥𝑥
1 ++5𝑥𝑥𝐶𝐶+𝑥𝑥 𝐶𝐶+𝑥𝑥⋯ 2 ⋯+
+⋯𝑥𝑥 5+=𝑥𝑥 51=+ 𝑥𝑥1 + 𝑥𝑥
For example: 2 2
the expansion : 1 + 5𝑥𝑥 + 5 25𝐶𝐶2 𝑥𝑥 22+ ⋯ +5 𝑥𝑥 55 = 1 + 𝑥𝑥 555
the expansion
the expansion : : 1++55𝑥𝑥 + 𝐶𝐶2 𝑥𝑥⋯++⋯𝑥𝑥+5 𝑥𝑥= =1 1 + 𝑥𝑥
the expansion : 1 + 5𝑥𝑥 + 52𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥2 𝑥𝑥 2+
1 + 5𝑥𝑥 𝐶𝐶 + ⋯ + 𝑥𝑥 = 1 ++𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥5
Reducible
Reducible
Reducible expansions
expansions
expansions
Reducible
Reducible expansions
expansions
Reducible
Reducible 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏+expansions
expansions
Reducible
o 𝒙𝒙 + 𝒂𝒂 𝒏𝒏 expansions
𝒙𝒙 − 𝒂𝒂 𝒏𝒏
𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏= 𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏 + 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑 + 𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓 + ⋯
o o𝒙𝒙 +𝒙𝒙𝒂𝒂+ 𝒂𝒂+ 𝒏𝒏 𝒙𝒙+ −𝒙𝒙𝒂𝒂− 𝒂𝒂= 𝒏𝒏𝟐𝟐𝒏𝒏=𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟏 +𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏𝑻𝑻+𝟑𝟑 +𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑𝑻𝑻+ 𝟓𝟓 +𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓⋯+ ⋯
o o 𝒙𝒙 + 𝒙𝒙 𝒂𝒂
+𝒏𝒏 𝒂𝒂 +
𝒏𝒏 +𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙
−−𝒂𝒂 𝒂𝒂 ==𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻 𝟏𝟏 + + 𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻
𝟑𝟑 ++ 𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 +
+ ⋯⋯
o 𝒙𝒙 + 𝒂𝒂 + 𝒙𝒙 double
− 𝒂𝒂 𝒏𝒏
= the 𝟐𝟐 sum
𝑻𝑻 +
𝟏𝟏of the
𝑻𝑻 +
𝟑𝟑 odd
𝑻𝑻 + terms.
⋯
o 𝒏𝒏 double
double
𝒏𝒏 the
𝒙𝒙 + 𝒂𝒂 + 𝒙𝒙 − 𝒂𝒂 = 𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻 + 𝑻𝑻 + 𝑻𝑻 + ⋯ the
sum sum
𝟏𝟏 of of
the𝟑𝟑 the
odd 𝟓𝟓 odd
terms. terms.
double the𝟏𝟏 sum 𝟑𝟑 of ofthe 𝟓𝟓 odd terms.
o 𝒂𝒂 𝒏𝒏double
𝒙𝒙 + 𝒏𝒏𝒂𝒂 𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏− 𝒙𝒙 −double
𝒏𝒏
𝒏𝒏 = 𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻
𝒏𝒏 the𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐sum
the
+ 𝑻𝑻sum +
of 𝑻𝑻
the +the⋯ odd
odd
terms.
terms.
o o𝒙𝒙 + 𝒙𝒙𝒂𝒂 + 𝒂𝒂− 𝒏𝒏𝒙𝒙−𝒏𝒏− 𝒙𝒙
𝒂𝒂 − 𝒂𝒂
= 𝒏𝒏𝟐𝟐 =𝑻𝑻 𝟐𝟐 + 𝑻𝑻 𝑻𝑻 + + 𝟒𝟒
𝟒𝟒
𝑻𝑻 𝑻𝑻 + + 𝟔𝟔
𝟔𝟔
𝑻𝑻 ⋯ + ⋯
o o 𝒙𝒙 +𝒙𝒙 𝒂𝒂+ 𝒂𝒂double 𝒂𝒂 𝒂𝒂the
==𝟐𝟐sum of𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 𝟒𝟒the
++𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔odd ⋯ terms.
𝒏𝒏 𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒 𝟒𝟒 𝟔𝟔 𝟔𝟔
− −𝒙𝒙 −
𝒙𝒙 − 𝟐𝟐𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐++ ++⋯
o 𝒏𝒏 double
𝒏𝒏 the sum of the even terms.
𝒙𝒙 + 𝒂𝒂 − 𝒙𝒙double double
− 𝒂𝒂 =the𝟐𝟐 the
𝑻𝑻sum
𝟐𝟐 +sum 𝑻𝑻of
𝟒𝟒 +theof 𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔the+ ⋯even
even terms.
terms.
o 𝒙𝒙 + 𝒂𝒂 𝒏𝒏 − 𝒙𝒙 − 𝒂𝒂 𝒏𝒏 = double
double
𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐 the+the 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒sum sum
+ 𝑻𝑻of of+ the
the ⋯ even terms.
even terms.
𝟔𝟔
double the sum of the even terms.
For example,
For example, double the sum of the even terms.
For example,
ForFor example,
example, 𝟏𝟏 +𝟓𝟓𝒙𝒙 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 𝟓𝟓+ 𝟏𝟏 −𝟓𝟓𝒙𝒙 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 𝟓𝟓= 𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 + 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 + 𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 + ⋯
For example, 𝟏𝟏 + 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏 ++𝒙𝒙 𝟓𝟓𝟏𝟏+ − 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏 −= 𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐 = 𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟐+𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏𝟑𝟑++𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑𝟓𝟓++𝑻𝑻⋯ +⋯
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 +
+ 𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙 𝟓𝟓 + 𝟏𝟏 − 𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓 𝟓𝟓 = 𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻 + 𝑻𝑻 + 𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓 + ⋯
𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 + 𝟏𝟏 − 𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 = 𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏+ 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑+ 𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 + ⋯
𝟏𝟏 +𝟓𝟓𝒙𝒙 𝟓𝟓 𝟓𝟓− 𝟏𝟏 −𝟓𝟓𝒙𝒙 𝟓𝟓 𝟓𝟓= 𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 + 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 + 𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 + ⋯
For example, 𝟏𝟏 +
𝟏𝟏 +𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙+ 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏−𝒙𝒙
+ +𝟏𝟏− 𝟏𝟏 −
−𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙−
𝟓𝟓 𝒙𝒙 =𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐
= 𝟓𝟓= 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝑻𝑻+𝟏𝟏𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻
𝑻𝑻 +𝟐𝟐𝟒𝟒+
𝑻𝑻+𝟑𝟑𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻
+𝟒𝟒𝟔𝟔+
𝑻𝑻+𝟓𝟓𝑻𝑻⋯
𝟔𝟔 +
+ +⋯
⋯
Common mistake 𝟏𝟏 + 𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓 − −𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏−−𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓 ==𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐++𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒++𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 + ⋯
⋯
Common
Common mistake
Common mistake 𝟏𝟏 + 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏 +
mistake 𝟓𝟓 𝒙𝒙 𝟓𝟓 − 𝟏𝟏 −𝟓𝟓𝒙𝒙 𝟓𝟓 = 𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐 + 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 + 𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔 + ⋯
+ 𝟏𝟏 − 𝒙𝒙 = 𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏 + 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑 + 𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓 + ⋯
Common
𝟏𝟏 +𝟑𝟑𝒙𝒙 −𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑mistake 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓
( the powers are not the same )
𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟑𝟏𝟏 −𝟓𝟓𝒙𝒙 ≠ 𝟓𝟓𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 + 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 + 𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 + ⋯
𝟓𝟓
𝟏𝟏 + 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏 +𝟏𝟏
Common −𝒙𝒙+𝟑𝟑𝟏𝟏𝒙𝒙−
mistake 𝟏𝟏 −𝟏𝟏≠
− 𝒙𝒙
− 𝒙𝒙−𝟐𝟐𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓≠
𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐≠𝟐𝟐+𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐𝑻𝑻
𝟒𝟒+ ++𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓𝟔𝟔+++𝑻𝑻⋯𝑻𝑻
𝟔𝟔 ++⋯(⋯the( (powers the
the powers
powers are
are not not
are the the same
not same
the same
) ))
𝟏𝟏 + 𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏 +𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙 ≠−𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏 − 𝟓𝟓
𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐−+𝒙𝒙𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 +=𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐
𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒
𝟔𝟔 +𝑻𝑻⋯
𝟔𝟔
𝟐𝟐 + 𝑻𝑻(𝟒𝟒the + 𝑻𝑻powers𝟔𝟔 + ⋯ are not the same )
𝟏𝟏 + 𝒙𝒙 𝟑𝟑 − 𝟏𝟏 − 𝒙𝒙 𝟓𝟓 ≠ 𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐 + 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 + 𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔 + ⋯ ( the powers are not the same )
Common mistake
6 𝟑𝟑 𝟓𝟓
𝟏𝟏 + 𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏 − 𝒙𝒙 ≠ 𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐 + 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 + 𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔 + ⋯ ( the powers are not the same )
Session one Algebra
Middle term
Middle
Middle
Middle term
term
term
Middle term in the expansion
ininthe expansion 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂++𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏
theexpansion
ininthe
theexpansion
expansion 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂++𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃
oo ifif𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛isiseven
even, ,then
thenthere
thereisisonly
onlyone
onemiddle
middleterm
term
o oif 𝑛𝑛ifis𝑛𝑛even
is even , then
, then there
there is is onlyone
only onemiddle
middleterm
term
𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛
order
orderof
orderof the
themiddle
middle term
term is
is 𝑛𝑛++11
termisis 𝑛𝑛2 2++
order of of
thethe middleterm
middle 11
22
𝑛𝑛isisodd
oo oIfIf𝑛𝑛If odd
is , ,then
odd then there
, thenthere
thereare
aretwo
are twomiddle
two middleterms
middle terms
terms
o If 𝑛𝑛 is𝑛𝑛odd , then there are two middle terms
𝑛𝑛+1
𝑛𝑛+1 𝑛𝑛+1
𝑛𝑛+1 𝑛𝑛+1
order
orderofofof
order the
the middle
themiddle
middleterms
terms
termsare
are 𝑛𝑛+1
are 𝑛𝑛+1 , ,, 𝑛𝑛+1
𝑛𝑛+1
𝑛𝑛+1 +
++111
order of the middle terms are 2 22 , 222 + 1
2 2

For example,
ForFor
example,
example,
For example,
the expansion
thethe +𝑏𝑏+𝑏𝑏12
expansion𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎+𝑎𝑎
expansion has
𝑏𝑏1212 only
has one
only middle
one middleterm
term==𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
12 has only one middle term = 6𝑇𝑇66
the expansion 𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏 has only one middle term = 𝑇𝑇6
7
thethe
the expansion𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥−𝑥𝑥−𝑏𝑏−𝑏𝑏7𝑏𝑏7has
expansion
expansion has
has only
only
only two
two
two middleterm
middle
middle term==
=𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 and
and𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇5𝑇𝑇5
4𝑇𝑇4and
the expansion 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑏𝑏 7 has only two middle term = 𝑇𝑇4 4and 𝑇𝑇5 5

Term
Term
Termfrom
Term
from
fromthe
from
the
the end
theend
end
end
Term from the end 𝒏𝒏
ininin theexpansion
the
the expansion 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂
expansion 𝒂𝒂++
+𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏
in the expansion 𝒂𝒂 + 𝒃𝒃
to get the term from the end , 1 exchange the order of a and b then get the
st
totoget
getthe
theterm
termfrom
fromthe
theend
end, ,11
ststexchange the order of a and b then get the
exchange the order of a and b then get the
to get the term
required termfrom the end , 1 exchange the order of a and b then get the
st
required
requiredterm
term
required term
the expansion 2 +2 𝑥𝑥182 18
find the 7th term from the end
the
theexpansion 2 21818find
expansion 22++𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 findthe the77 ththterm from the end
term from the end
the expansion 2 + 𝑥𝑥 2 18 find the
First put the 7 th term from the
expansion ⇒ 𝑥𝑥 2 + end
2 18
22 1818
First put the expansion
First put the expansion ⇒ 𝑥𝑥
⇒ 𝑥𝑥 + 2
2 6+ 2182 18−6
First
∴ 𝑇𝑇 put the
7 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 expansion 18
𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 = 𝐶𝐶⇒ 6 × 𝑥𝑥2 + × 2 𝑥𝑥
∴∴𝑇𝑇7𝑇𝑇7𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 18 6 6×× 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
2 218−6
18−6
𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒
𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 ==18 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
6 × × 2 2
∴ 𝑇𝑇7 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 = 18 𝐶𝐶6 6× 2 6 × 𝑥𝑥 2 18−6
or you can use the rule
oror
or
or
The term order from the end you
you
=you can
canuse
youcan
can use the
use
the rule
usethe
therule
rule
rule
The
Theterm
termorder
orderfrom
fromthe
( number theend
end=of=the expansion – the order from the beginning +𝟏𝟏 )
The term order from of
theterms
end =
( number
( numberofofterms
termsofofthe
theexpansion
expansion– –the
theorder
orderfrom
fromthe +𝟏𝟏) )
beginning+𝟏𝟏
thebeginning
( number of terms of the expansion – the order from the beginning +𝟏𝟏 )
For example,
For
Forexample,
example, in expansion 𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏 10 Find the 3rd term from the end
For example,
→ 3rd from in inexpansion
end +𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏10
( 3 ) = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝑎𝑎−𝑎𝑎+the
expansion 10Findfrom
orderFindthe
the3beginning
rdrdterm from the end
3 term from
+ 1 the end
in expansion 𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏 10 Find the 3rd term from the end
→→33rdrdfrom end ( 3 )Then
from end ( 3 ) ==𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 −−the
the
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 theorder
order fromfrom
order frombeginning
beginning
beginning
= 11 −++311+1=9
→ 3rd from end ( 3 ) = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 − the order from beginning + 1
the 3rd term fromThen
Thenthe end
the
the is equal
order
order from
from tobeginning
the 9th term
beginning from
==1111−−3the
3++1beginning
1==99
Then the order from beginning = 11 − 3 + 1 = 9
the
the33 rdrdterm from the end is equal to the 9ththterm from the beginning
term from the end is equal to the 9 term from the beginning
the 3rd term from the end is equal to the 9th term from the beginning
7
 Algebra Session one

s o lv e d
pro bl em s

8
 Session one Algebra
1 13
In the expansion of: 3𝑥𝑥 2 −2 1 , 13
1 find 13 the tenth term from the
1 In In the expansion of: 3𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥12−13 1 13 , find the tenth term from the

1
01
1 In theIn
1 1end,
In the
the expansion
according
expansion
the expansion theof:
toof:
end, according to the
end, according
expansion
end, according
end, of: to
of:
3𝑥𝑥
tothe
3𝑥𝑥
to the
according
2
2 3𝑥𝑥 2 −
descending
−3𝑥𝑥 −
descending
1
descending
the
13
𝑥𝑥
− descending
𝑥𝑥 1 power
,
𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥
find
, findpower
,the
find the
findoftenth
,power
the powerpower
tenth
theof
of 𝑥𝑥.term
tenth
𝑥𝑥. tenth
𝑥𝑥.termterm
ofof𝑥𝑥.𝑥𝑥.
termthe
fromfrom
from the
from the
the
𝑥𝑥 descending
13
end,1 according to the descending
In the expansion of:end: − power
1
3𝑥𝑥 2exchange , find ofthe 𝑥𝑥. tenth term from 13
terms − +the
1
from the 𝑥𝑥 the two 1 3𝑥𝑥 2 2 13
end, according fromto the thedescending
end: exchange power the two terms 𝑥𝑥− + 3𝑥𝑥 13
4 of 𝑥𝑥. 1 𝑥𝑥 1 21 13 2 13
from from
the
from
𝑇𝑇10 = 𝐶𝐶13 the
end:
the
13 end:
exchange
end:
3𝑥𝑥 exchange
2 exchange
9 −1 the
−1 = two
4thethe
13terms
two
𝐶𝐶 two terms
terms
3 9 −−1 +− −13
4 3𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 +
14 + 3𝑥𝑥 2
3𝑥𝑥
9 𝐶𝐶 3𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 2 9 13 9 𝐶𝐶 3 1 9𝑥𝑥 4 𝑥𝑥 14
from the𝑇𝑇end:10 =exchange the two = −12𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
13 13 13
9
2 9 2−1 2 9 9 𝑥𝑥4−1−1terms
44 −
9 + 3𝑥𝑥
13 13139𝑥𝑥 19 49 144 13414 14
𝑇𝑇10
from𝑇𝑇=𝑇𝑇10
10 = =𝐶𝐶9 3𝑥𝑥 𝐶𝐶 3𝑥𝑥 4𝑥𝑥 the
𝐶𝐶exchange
9 3𝑥𝑥 = two == 𝐶𝐶terms
9 3𝐶𝐶9𝐶𝐶−−1
3 3 −1 𝑥𝑥 2 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
3𝑥𝑥−1
13 the𝑇𝑇end:
9 9
9 −1
2from end = 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥
13
14073345 9 𝑥𝑥 14 4𝑥𝑥 +14
𝑇𝑇10 = 𝐶𝐶9 3𝑥𝑥 10𝑇𝑇 from end = 𝐶𝐶9 3 −1𝑥𝑥 14𝑥𝑥
4 14073345
10 𝑥𝑥
Solution 2 9 −1
𝑇𝑇10 =𝑇𝑇13 𝐶𝐶from 𝑇𝑇103𝑥𝑥 end =
from end =
14073345
=
13
𝐶𝐶9 3𝑥𝑥914−1
14073345 𝑥𝑥
4 14
14 𝑥𝑥
14
10 9𝑇𝑇 10 from 𝑥𝑥end = 14073345 𝑥𝑥
𝑇𝑇10 from end = 14073345 𝑥𝑥 14
𝑇𝑇10 from end = 14073345 𝑥𝑥 14

2 2 FindFind thethe 5th term 5th term according according to the to the ascending
ascending powerpower of 𝑥𝑥ofin𝑥𝑥 the
in the
02 Find
expansion
2 42Find+4the
expansion
expansion
the 5the
Find
𝑥𝑥+11𝑥𝑥
Find 5 the
−
th term
11
th

−
of:
11term
5
of:𝐶𝐶th
11
of:
5 term
th
term
according
4 +4𝑥𝑥+
1according
𝐶𝐶
according
10
according
𝑥𝑥 1−
to
10
to the
the
1
toascending
𝑥𝑥−ascending
+𝑥𝑥to
the ascending
11
the
+ 2 ascending
𝐶𝐶11 4+
𝐶𝐶 power
4
power
𝑥𝑥+9𝑥𝑥 1of9−
of 𝑥𝑥2 in
power
power
𝑥𝑥
1 𝑥𝑥−
in
of the
−2of
the
𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 in the
⋯− 𝑥𝑥−
⋯ in−1the−1 𝑥𝑥− 11𝑥𝑥 11
2 2 2 expansion
Find the 5 th of:1
term according to the ascending 2 power of 𝑥𝑥 in the
4 +expansion
expansion 𝑥𝑥4 +11 of:
𝑥𝑥−11
expansion
11 of:
−𝐶𝐶111 of: 4𝐶𝐶+ 1 𝑥𝑥 4+ 10 10
𝑥𝑥1 − 𝑥𝑥1 −+𝑥𝑥11+ 𝐶𝐶2114𝐶𝐶+ 2 𝑥𝑥4+ 9
1
𝑥𝑥 − 9 𝑥𝑥 2 − ⋯
1 − 𝑥𝑥 2 − − ⋯1−− 𝑥𝑥1 − 11 11
𝑥𝑥
11 11 10 11 9 2
4∵+𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑛𝑛4±+
11 𝑛𝑛−𝑥𝑥 11
𝐶𝐶
11− 4
𝑛𝑛−1 +
𝐶𝐶1𝑥𝑥𝑛𝑛𝑦𝑦𝐶𝐶 𝑥𝑥1 𝑦𝑦− 𝑥𝑥 𝑛𝑛−1
11 𝐶𝐶
… 𝑥𝑥
𝐶𝐶11±… 4
10 +
4𝑦𝑦+ 1
𝑛𝑛 𝑥𝑥−
𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦=𝑛𝑛 =
10𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥1±−+ 1 − 11 𝑥𝑥
𝐶𝐶
𝑛𝑛 +4 +
𝑦𝑦𝑥𝑥± 𝑦𝑦+2 𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶2 4 +
11 𝑥𝑥𝐶𝐶9
2 𝑥𝑥 4
1 +
−
9 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 2
− 12⋯ − − 𝑥𝑥 1 −− ⋯
𝑥𝑥 −
11 11 1 − 𝑥𝑥 11
∵ 𝑥𝑥 𝑛𝑛4± +
1 ± 𝑛𝑛
𝑥𝑥 1 − 𝑥𝑥 − ⋯ − 1 − 𝑥𝑥
Expansion:
𝑛𝑛
∵±𝑥𝑥𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶±1 𝑦𝑦
∵ 𝑥𝑥Expansion: 𝑛𝑛 4 +𝑦𝑦4𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥+…
𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥1𝑛𝑛−1 −
𝑛𝑛−1 ± 1
𝑦𝑦
… 𝑛𝑛− 𝑥𝑥 𝑛𝑛
𝑥𝑥 − 𝑛𝑛1 − 11 ± = 𝑦𝑦
𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛
𝑥𝑥=± 𝑦𝑦𝑥𝑥 ± 𝑦𝑦 𝑛𝑛10
𝑥𝑥
𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛−1
∵ 𝑥𝑥Expansion:
∵± 𝑥𝑥Expansion:
∵𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥1±𝑦𝑦±𝑥𝑥𝐶𝐶𝑛𝑛1𝐶𝐶 41𝑦𝑦+…𝑦𝑦𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥4± 4+−
𝑛𝑛−1
𝑛𝑛−1𝑦𝑦+𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥4
……𝑥𝑥
=
1+±−𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦−
±
− 𝑥𝑥1
𝑛𝑛
±=
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
− −=𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛
𝑦𝑦𝑥𝑥𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥11
1±𝑥𝑥𝐶𝐶41±
𝑦𝑦+4 𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥 𝑛𝑛 10
𝑦𝑦+ 𝑥𝑥 1 −1𝑥𝑥− 𝑥𝑥+ ⋯ + ⋯ 1 −1 𝑥𝑥− 11 𝑥𝑥 11
𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛
Expansion: Expansion:
Expansion: 4 + 𝑥𝑥 4− 4+ +4st1𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥+−𝑥𝑥−
4𝑥𝑥+
− 𝑛𝑛1 − 11
1−𝑥𝑥 −𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
− 𝐶𝐶1114𝐶𝐶+ 1 𝑥𝑥 411+10 10
𝑥𝑥1 − 𝑥𝑥1 −+𝑥𝑥⋯ + ⋯ 1 − 𝑥𝑥1 − 11 11
𝑥𝑥
4 +4𝑥𝑥+ 4: + 𝑥𝑥1 𝑥𝑥: term
1𝑛𝑛st
4− term
+ 𝑛𝑛
𝑥𝑥11 𝐶𝐶𝑛𝑛− power
411
power
+
11𝐶𝐶
4 + 𝑥𝑥 1 − 𝐶𝐶1 4 + 𝑥𝑥 1 1 − 𝑥𝑥 + ⋯ 1 −1 𝑥𝑥4 =10
+ 𝑥𝑥
= 1 𝐶𝐶11
10
− =
1 𝑥𝑥1
𝐶𝐶 −
1011
+= 𝑥𝑥⋯11+ ⋯ 1 − 1𝑥𝑥−
1 −111 𝑥𝑥− :𝑥𝑥2nd
𝑥𝑥 11 term
: 2𝑥𝑥
nd 11term
11 11
4 + 𝑥𝑥4 + : 1𝑥𝑥 term
st
: 1 term power
st power= 11 =𝐶𝐶1 =𝐶𝐶 11
111 = 11 1 −11𝑥𝑥1 − : 2nd
𝑥𝑥 :term
nd
2 term
nd

4 + 𝑥𝑥 : 41st+term 𝑥𝑥 expansion:
: 1stexpansion:
termpower 4power+=4 𝑥𝑥+
11−𝑥𝑥 =
𝐶𝐶1−= +1𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥11
1+= 𝑥𝑥 =
11 3 + 2𝑥𝑥
11 = 13 +
− 1𝑥𝑥2𝑥𝑥
−:𝑥𝑥211 : 2term
nd term
Solution 4 + 𝑥𝑥 : 1st term power 1
= 1111𝐶𝐶1 = 11 11 1 − 𝑥𝑥 : 2nd term
11 expansion:
11 11
expansion:
4 4 7 47+
expansion:
𝑥𝑥4 − +− 1𝑥𝑥 +−+𝑥𝑥14𝑥𝑥+11𝑥𝑥= 7= 73 =+ 2𝑥𝑥
3 +112𝑥𝑥
𝑇𝑇5 = = 𝐶𝐶11
𝑇𝑇5 expansion: 4 𝐶𝐶2𝑥𝑥
4 2𝑥𝑥 4 +
3 3=𝑥𝑥411 = + 4𝑥𝑥 ×
−𝐶𝐶111 +𝐶𝐶4𝑥𝑥1× 2112=34 3 43
3𝑥𝑥+11 +
𝑥𝑥=
2𝑥𝑥
2𝑥𝑥
4 11547360
=11 11547360 𝑥𝑥 4 𝑥𝑥 4
11
𝑇𝑇5 =𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇11 𝐶𝐶411112𝑥𝑥
expansion:4
34 743= 114 +
7 7 = 114 11
𝑥𝑥 2−414 + 𝑥𝑥
33477𝑥𝑥3𝑥𝑥447=
=11547360
4 3 + 2𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥44
5 =
= 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 4 2𝑥𝑥2𝑥𝑥 3 = 𝐶𝐶 ×𝐶𝐶
𝐶𝐶 × 4 ×2 2 = 𝑥𝑥 = 11547360
11547360 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 4
11 5 44 7 11 4 4 7 4 4
𝑇𝑇5 = 𝐶𝐶4 2𝑥𝑥 3 = 𝐶𝐶4 × 2 3 𝑥𝑥 = 11547360 𝑥𝑥
11 4 7 11 4 7
𝑇𝑇5 = 𝐶𝐶4 2𝑥𝑥 3 = 𝐶𝐶4 × 2 3 𝑥𝑥 4 = 11547360 𝑥𝑥 4
9 9
In the expansion
In the expansion of: of: 1 +1𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 + 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚according
according to the ascending
to the ascending power
powerof 𝑥𝑥,of if𝑥𝑥,the
if the
03
3 3 coefficient
3 3In the
3 the
coefficient
In the
value
the
of
Inexpansion
In
ofof
value
coefficient
expansion
the
the expansion
the expansion
each
of
third
of the
of: third
each
of
of: of:
the
1 +
of:
𝑚𝑚
of:
term
and
third 𝑚𝑚
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
term
1of:+1𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
1++
is
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚144
9 is 144
9𝑥𝑥 where
and
term 𝑥𝑥
is
9 and
where
144
according 𝑚𝑚
and
the
9 and the
according
according
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 according
is
𝑚𝑚
to
value
totothe
athe
is
the
the
positive
a
of
value
positive
value of
the seventh
ofascending
the seventh
ascending
toascending
the
integer.
ascending
power
power
integer.
the seventh
power
term
term
of
term
of
𝑥𝑥, is
is
if 84,
the
84,
is
of𝑥𝑥,𝑥𝑥,ifof
power 84,find
𝑥𝑥, iffind
ifthe
the
find
the
coefficient the third term is 144 and the value of the
coefficient of the third term is 144 and the value of the seventh term is 84, find seventh term is 84, find
3 coefficientthe
theInvalue value
ofofthe
thevalue
the of
each
expansion
of each
thirdof:term
each of:
of:
𝑚𝑚 and
of: 1and
𝑚𝑚is
𝑚𝑚 144
+and
𝑥𝑥 where
𝑥𝑥 and
where
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑥𝑥 where is
a apositive
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚isvalue
9 the
according
𝑚𝑚 ispositive
to integer.
aofpositive
thetheseventh
integer. term ispower
ascending
integer. 84, find of 𝑥𝑥, if the
3 the value of
coefficienteach of: 𝑚𝑚 and 𝑥𝑥 where 𝑚𝑚 is a positive integer.
1 +1𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 9
+ 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚→9 𝑇𝑇→ = of
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑟𝑟+1
9 the third
=𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟9 𝐶𝐶𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
=𝑟𝑟term
9 is 144 and the value of the seventh term is 84, find
r r
=𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟9 𝐶𝐶m𝑟𝑟 mx r x r
1 +the
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚value
9
→ 𝑇𝑇of each
= 9 𝐶𝐶 of:
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑟𝑟and
= 9 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 where
m r x r 𝑚𝑚 is a positive integer.
1 + 9𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
1 + 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 9
→ 𝑇𝑇 → 𝑇𝑇=
𝑟𝑟+1
𝑟𝑟+19
𝑟𝑟+1 𝐶𝐶 =𝑟𝑟 9𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
𝐶𝐶 𝑟𝑟 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚= 𝑟𝑟9 𝐶𝐶=𝑟𝑟 m
9𝑟𝑟 r x r r r
𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 m x
9 9 𝑟𝑟 9 r r
1 + 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 → 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = Coeff. 𝐶𝐶 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑟𝑟 𝑇𝑇3 =
Coeff. 𝑇𝑇3 144 =
= 144 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 m x 𝑇𝑇7 𝑇𝑇=7 = 9 9
𝐶𝐶6 𝐶𝐶26 662 𝑥𝑥666 𝑥𝑥=6 84
= 84
Coeff.9 𝑇𝑇3 = 144𝑟𝑟 9
𝑇𝑇7 = 9𝑥𝑥 6𝐶𝐶6=6284 𝑥𝑥 6 = 84
9
1 + 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 → Coeff. 𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1Coeff. = 2
=𝑇𝑇3𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟=
𝐶𝐶=𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟144
2𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 9
= 144= 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 m x𝑇𝑇5376 r 5376
r 5376= 6𝑥𝑥 9 = 84
6 6 6
Solution 9 9 = 232 2 7 =𝑇𝑇7𝑥𝑥𝐶𝐶 6=2𝐶𝐶846 𝑥𝑥2 =𝑥𝑥 84 = 84
Coeff. 𝑇𝑇3𝑟𝑟= 𝐶𝐶=2144
𝑚𝑚
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶2=𝑚𝑚 = 144
= 144 𝑇𝑇 = 9 𝐶𝐶 1 62 = 1
6 𝑥𝑥
6 6 = 84
2
9𝑟𝑟
22 𝑚𝑚
2 = 144
2 5376
7 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥
5376
±6 ± 84
1 𝑥𝑥 = 84
𝑟𝑟 =36 2=22 144 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥= =
𝐶𝐶2𝑚𝑚
9236 9 𝑚𝑚 = 2 144 6 ±2 2
𝑚𝑚 =
36 𝐶𝐶𝑚𝑚2 𝑚𝑚= 144 144 = 144 5376 𝑥𝑥 = 1284 19
Coeff.
9 𝐶𝐶𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 =
𝑚𝑚2 𝑇𝑇
2 =
=
2 3 2=
1442 144 𝑥𝑥 = 1±
𝑥𝑥 𝑇𝑇
= 7 =± 𝐶𝐶6 2 6 𝑥𝑥 6 = 84
36
2 𝑚𝑚 𝑚𝑚36 == 2 144
𝑚𝑚 = 144 2 2 𝑥𝑥 = ± 5376 𝑥𝑥 6 = 84
𝑚𝑚2=𝑟𝑟=
36 𝑚𝑚 𝑚𝑚2=144
=22 2
𝑚𝑚 = 2 2 9 𝐶𝐶 𝑚𝑚2 = 144 1
2 𝑥𝑥 = ±
36 𝑚𝑚 = 144
𝑚𝑚 = 2
2 9
 Algebra Session one

0444 Find
4 44 4Find
4
Find
Find
Find
Find
tothe
to
Find
to
to
tothe
to
the
to
the
the
the nearest
nearest
nearest
nearest
nearest
nearest
the nearest
44
4
–––decimal
44–4–decimal
–decimal
–
decimal
4decimal
decimal places:
places:
decimal
places:
places:
places:
places:
places:
1.02
1.02 1.02 1.02
1.02
66 −
1.02
1.02
6
6 66 −
− −0.98
6
6
−
−0.98
0.98
−
0.98
0.98
66 using
0.98using
0.98 6
6
using
6
using
6 66using
using binomial
binomial
binomial
binomial
binomial
binomial
using
theorem.
theorem.
theorem.
theorem.
theorem.
theorem.
binomial theorem.
4 Find to the nearest 4 – decimal places: 1.02 − 0.98 using binomial theorem.
1.02 66 − 0.98 6
6 66 =
6
6 66 − 66
1.02
1.02
1.02
1.0266 6
1.02 −−−0.98
6−
−0.98
0.98 0.98
66 =
0.98= =11= =+ 1 +
+0.02 1
10.02
1+ +
+0.02
0.02 0.02
66 −
0.02
− −11− −
−
1
1
1−
1 0.02
− −0.02 − 0.02
−0.02
0.0266 6 6
0.02
1.02 6 ==
6 =
− = 22
2𝑇𝑇×
×0.98
2×2
= × ×
×
6𝑇𝑇 +
𝑇𝑇 +
=1𝑇𝑇 1𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇 ++
+ 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
0.02 66++ 6⋯ ⋯ − 1 − 0.02 6
2𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇+ ++ 𝑇𝑇+ 6𝑇𝑇
++ 𝑇𝑇+6⋯ + ⋯
6+ 2𝑇𝑇
2 𝑇𝑇440.02
4 ⋯
6 6
1.02 = −
662 0.98 𝑇𝑇2 + =𝑇𝑇
2 2646
4 + 4+𝑇𝑇 6 + 6⋯ −
3 166− 0.02 55
3
== 22 6×6 𝐶𝐶6𝐶𝐶
26× 𝐶𝐶 0.02
1 0.02
= 26+× 6++6 𝑇𝑇26𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶
+30.002
3 𝑇𝑇 0.002
0.002
+3 +𝑇𝑇 ++
36663 ++6⋯6𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶 0.02
5 0.02
55 5 5
==2=2×2
=
×× 𝐶𝐶×𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶=
1 10.02
6
0.02
10.02
1 0.02
1 2 +×+ 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶2+
𝑇𝑇 3 ≅
3𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶
30.002
+0.002
𝑇𝑇
0.02
0.24032
6
0.002
43
43 + 𝑇𝑇6++ ⋯ 𝐶𝐶3𝐶𝐶+
55𝐶𝐶0.02
5
6
𝐶𝐶50.02
0.02 5 0.02
5
=×2 ×6 𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶0.02 1 0.02 ≅ +6 0.24032𝐶𝐶3 0.002
Solution =2 1
≅
≅≅0.24032
+ 0.24032
≅
0.24032 𝐶𝐶0.24032
3 0.002
3
++ 6
𝐶𝐶5 𝐶𝐶0.02
5 0.02 5
≅ 0.24032
≅ 0.24032
4 6 6
Find to the nearest 4 – decimal places: 1.02 − 0.98 using binomial theorem.
8
22 22 8−1 8 88
8𝑥𝑥 −1
05 If the middle term in the expansion of: 3𝑥𝑥 equals What is the
5 If the middle term in the expansion of: 2+ equals 17920,What
5
5 55 5If Ifthe
Ifthe
the middle
Ifmiddle
themiddle term
middle ininthe
term
term terminthe
theexpansion
inexpansion
the
expansion
expansionof:of:of: 2 3𝑥𝑥
3𝑥𝑥3𝑥𝑥 2 2
+ +𝑥𝑥−1
2 3𝑥𝑥 2
6 of: 3𝑥𝑥 6 + 3𝑥𝑥23 33
+ −12−1 𝑥𝑥 equals
−1
+𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥 equals equals
8equals
17920,
17920,
17920,What
What
17920,
What What
is is is
is the
the isthe
the the
1.02 − 0.98 = 1 + 3 6−1
0.02 8 1 − 17920,
− 0.02 6
5 value
value If the
of
of middle
𝑥𝑥?
𝑥𝑥? term in the expansion of: 3𝑥𝑥
23 2+ −1 𝑥𝑥 equals 17920, What is the
5value
value
value Ifof
value
of the
𝑥𝑥? middle
of𝑥𝑥?of
𝑥𝑥? 𝑥𝑥? term in the expansion=of: 2 × 3𝑥𝑥
𝑇𝑇2 + +𝑇𝑇4 3+𝑥𝑥𝑇𝑇36 + ⋯equals 17920, What is the
value
value of of
𝑥𝑥? 𝑥𝑥?
6 6
=2× 3 6 5
𝐶𝐶1 0.02 + 𝐶𝐶3 0.002 + 𝐶𝐶5 0.02
≅ 0.24032
𝑛𝑛
𝑛𝑛=8𝑛𝑛 == 88 → →
8middle middle
middle term term
term atat 𝑇𝑇
𝑛𝑛𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛𝑇𝑇 =
𝑇𝑇88= 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇888+1 𝑇𝑇5==
= 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛= 𝑛𝑛8→ →middle atatat 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛at 𝑇𝑇=𝑛𝑛2= 8 𝑇𝑇=
𝑛𝑛
= 8
= → middle
→ middle term term term =
+1
𝑛𝑛+1
𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇
= =222+1 =
𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇55
+1+1
2+12 2 +1 +1
2+12+1 +1 5 5 5
𝑛𝑛 = 𝑛𝑛 8
=→ → middle
8 middle term term
8 88at
8 2 at 𝑇𝑇 +1
𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛+1
2 𝑛𝑛 =8 𝑇𝑇88+1 = 𝑇𝑇5
22 =
22 8−1 2 𝑇𝑇 = 𝑇𝑇
3𝑥𝑥
23𝑥𝑥 222 2+ 2−1 8𝑥𝑥 −1
→ 𝑇𝑇 =2 −1
17920 5 17920, What is the
5 If the middle term 3𝑥𝑥3𝑥𝑥 in
+
2
2 3𝑥𝑥+ 2the2 + +−1
−1
expansion
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥332 𝑥𝑥 → → −1 → of:
8 𝑇𝑇→ →
5
3𝑥𝑥
=2𝑇𝑇 + =
17920
𝑇𝑇=5 𝑇𝑇17920
=5 17920
5 5 = 17920
𝑥𝑥
3 179202
+12equals
3𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑥𝑥2 3 3 −18 𝑇𝑇 5
2 3𝑥𝑥
23 22 2+ 𝑥𝑥44 → 𝑇𝑇858 217920
=2417920
value of 𝑥𝑥? 4−1 −1 4 4
22 444 4 44 44
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇5𝑇𝑇5= 8= =
C 883𝑥𝑥
C
C 2 −1
𝑥𝑥 +2−1 4𝑥𝑥−1
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥433𝑥𝑥 2 3𝑥𝑥4 2
3𝑥𝑥 →
=
2 44 8𝑇𝑇=
C=58 = CC 4 42 3 3434 44𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 4
8 8 −1 2 42 4 8 4 𝑥𝑥
𝑇𝑇5 = 𝑇𝑇= 85 =4C4 C 𝑥𝑥332𝑥𝑥 3𝑥𝑥3𝑥𝑥 24 43𝑥𝑥 = 8 = 4C4 C
2 34𝑥𝑥3 𝑥𝑥 4𝑥𝑥 4
55 2 44 3 2 4
4
Solution C4 8 3𝑥𝑥43−1 3 −1 4 = 2 C4 4 83 43 3 33
34
𝑇𝑇5 𝑇𝑇=5 = 8 3 C= 𝑥𝑥 1120 3𝑥𝑥 = 8 𝑛𝑛3 C42 3 4 𝑥𝑥
2 = = 𝑥𝑥 44 = 17920
C4 =𝑛𝑛4= =𝑥𝑥1120=→1120
83−1
1120 1120
31120 𝑥𝑥 →=𝑥𝑥17920
𝑥𝑥443𝑥𝑥
middle 𝑥𝑥= 4𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥2=44=
17920
term ==at17920
1792017920 𝑇𝑇C4+1 = 𝑇𝑇38+13=4𝑇𝑇𝑥𝑥
3 5
→→
= 𝑥𝑥→
1120 →= 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥2𝑥𝑥±2
= ±2 =
=
𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 ±2
4
4 ±2
= ±2 ±2
= 17920 2 2
=→ 1120
3𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥2 += 𝑥𝑥 −1= 17920
8
→ 𝑇𝑇 = 17920
→
3 𝑥𝑥 = ±2 5
→ 𝑥𝑥 = ±2 4 2 4

06
2
𝑇𝑇5 = 8 C4 𝑥𝑥 −1 3𝑥𝑥 2 4
= 8 C4 3 4
𝑥𝑥 4
6 66 Find Find
Find
the the
the middle
middle
middle term term
term in
in
ininthe the
the expansion
expansion
expansion of: of:
of:
1 + 1
13𝑥𝑥
1=++ 103𝑥𝑥
3𝑥𝑥 −10 103
−1 −
101−
3
− 11
1−
3𝑥𝑥 − 10
−103𝑥𝑥 1010
3𝑥𝑥 10
6 6 6Find
10 10
Find
Find
the thethe
middle
middle
middle term termterm
in the the
inexpansion
the
expansion
expansion = of:
of: 1120
1of:
+1𝑥𝑥3𝑥𝑥
+
4
3𝑥𝑥
+10 3𝑥𝑥
17920 − −
−1 3𝑥𝑥
− 3𝑥𝑥 3𝑥𝑥
6 6 Find
10 10
Find
thethe middle
middle termterm in10in the
the expansion
expansion
→of:
𝑥𝑥 =1±2 + 3𝑥𝑥 10
− −1 −1 3𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑥𝑥 10
10 10 10 10 of: 1 + 3𝑥𝑥
10
1 ++ 11 ++ 3𝑥𝑥
+103𝑥𝑥
13𝑥𝑥 10−101− −1−− 11 −
− 3𝑥𝑥
−103𝑥𝑥
3𝑥𝑥 10 =10 =2× =
=
× 22
2𝑇𝑇×× +𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇24+++𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 +++𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇 +++𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇 ++
+10𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
1 +1 3𝑥𝑥 3𝑥𝑥 3𝑥𝑥
− −10 1− 1 3𝑥𝑥 3𝑥𝑥 2
=× ×𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇+2 𝑇𝑇+ 𝑇𝑇+46𝑇𝑇
44 + 𝑇𝑇+68𝑇𝑇
66 + 𝑇𝑇+
88 𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇10
2 10
− 3𝑥𝑥 = 2 𝑇𝑇 +2 𝑇𝑇 2
+ 4 𝑇𝑇 +6 𝑇𝑇 + 8 𝑇𝑇 810 10
6 Find 1
the + 3𝑥𝑥 −
10 term in 2𝑇𝑇
middle
2𝑇𝑇
1 − :2𝑇𝑇
2𝑇𝑇
6 2𝑇𝑇
the
middle
3𝑥𝑥 :
10 ::
10
middle
6
6 :
expansion
middle
middle
= term
middle
2
2 ×
term
of:
term
term
term
4
𝑇𝑇 2 + 6
𝑇𝑇
10
4 + 8
𝑇𝑇 6 + 10
𝑇𝑇810+ 𝑇𝑇10
1 + 3𝑥𝑥 − 1 2𝑇𝑇 − 63𝑥𝑥 6 6 =10
: middle 2term
×10 10𝑇𝑇2 +
1 + 𝑇𝑇4 5+
3𝑥𝑥 5 𝑇𝑇6 + 𝑇𝑇85+ 𝑇𝑇10
− 1 − 3𝑥𝑥
55
middle middle
middle
middle
middleterm
termterm
term
=
term 2 ==
𝑇𝑇 22=𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 2
2𝑇𝑇 ==
× : 2 ×𝐶𝐶
middle
2 ×10 10 𝐶𝐶
3𝑥𝑥
𝐶𝐶 term 53𝑥𝑥
3𝑥𝑥=
5 =
122472
5 = 122472
122472 𝑥𝑥 5𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 5
= 2=𝑇𝑇102=𝑇𝑇=26 𝑇𝑇2= 2
= ×2 𝐶𝐶× 𝐶𝐶3𝑥𝑥
5 𝐶𝐶3𝑥𝑥
55 3𝑥𝑥 = 122472
= 122472 5 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
6 6 5 5
middle term 6 −2𝑇𝑇
6
66:× middle
6 10
10 5 10
term5
= 122472 5 + 𝑇𝑇 + 𝑥𝑥
Solution middle 1 +term
3𝑥𝑥 = 2 1
middle term = 2 𝑇𝑇6 = 22𝑇𝑇×: middle𝑇𝑇−6 =
3𝑥𝑥 2 ×=
10 2 × 𝐶𝐶
𝐶𝐶5 3𝑥𝑥 5𝑇𝑇23𝑥𝑥
+5 𝑇𝑇
=4 = 122472
122472
6 𝑇𝑇8 𝑥𝑥 5
+ 𝑇𝑇510
𝑥𝑥
term 6
10 5
middle term = 2 𝑇𝑇6 = 2 × 𝐶𝐶5 3𝑥𝑥 = 122472 𝑥𝑥 5
IfIfthe
IfIf
the
Iftwo two
the
the
the
two middle
two
two
two middle
middle
middle
middleterms terms
terms
termstermsininthein
in
the expansion
the
the
inexpansion
the expansion
expansion
expansion
expansion of:of:of:
of:
of:
77 7If
7
7 the middle terms in the
7×6 7×6 of:
07
7×6
7 2If2+theIf2𝑥𝑥+
the
+ 7
+
𝑥𝑥 two
77
7𝑥𝑥
+ middle
2
2
7𝑥𝑥22
+ 𝑥𝑥
2 +terms
6
+
𝑥𝑥 66 in
+ the
𝑥𝑥 4
2expansion
𝑥𝑥 44
+ 𝑥𝑥
2 +5
+𝑥𝑥 ⋯
55 of:
++⋯⋯ 14 14
𝑥𝑥14 are 14equal find the value of 𝑥𝑥
are equal find the value of
𝑥𝑥+ 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 are equal find the value 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥
ofof
2 𝑥𝑥 + 7𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 7×6
+ 7×6 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥
72 + 𝑥𝑥+27𝑥𝑥+two
+
7
𝑥𝑥7𝑥𝑥7
+middle
7𝑥𝑥 2 2 terms
+ 27𝑥𝑥+2 𝑥𝑥+
2 6
26𝑥𝑥++𝑥𝑥 + 6
in
7×6
2×1the
+ 𝑥𝑥 4 𝑥𝑥
2×1
2×1 2
4
expansion4 5
⋯++
𝑥𝑥+2 𝑥𝑥+25𝑥𝑥++𝑥𝑥of:5
⋯
+
+ +
⋯
𝑥𝑥
+ 14
+are 𝑥𝑥 14
areare
equal
equal equal
find
find find
the thethe
value
value value
of 𝑥𝑥 of 𝑥𝑥
7 2 + 7𝑥𝑥
7 If the 2
+ 7𝑥𝑥 two 2 middle
+ 𝑥𝑥 6 terms
2×1
+
7×6
2×1 in the
𝑥𝑥 4 expansion 5 of: 14
are equal find the value of
2 + 𝑥𝑥 + ⋯ + 𝑥𝑥 are equal find the value of 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
2 + 𝑥𝑥 + ⋯ + 𝑥𝑥
2 62×1 7×6 4 5 14
2 + 𝑥𝑥 7 + 7𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 + 2 + 𝑥𝑥 7 𝑥𝑥 7×6
+ 𝑥𝑥2×1
+ 7𝑥𝑥 2 2 2×1 6
+ 𝑥𝑥 4 2 + 𝑥𝑥 5
+ ⋯ + 𝑥𝑥 14 are equal find the value of 𝑥𝑥
FirstFirst
term:
First term:
term: 𝟐𝟐 +𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙+ +
2×1
𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙, 𝒏𝒏,,=𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏 𝟕𝟕= = , 𝟕𝟕
second
𝟕𝟕 ,,,second
second term: 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
term:
term:
First
First
term:
term:
First term: 𝟐𝟐 + 𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐 + 𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙
+ 𝒙𝒙 , 𝒏𝒏
,
, 𝒏𝒏 = 𝟕𝟕 , second term: =𝒏𝒏 𝟕𝟕
= ,
𝟕𝟕 second second term: term:
𝒙𝒙𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕 𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐
First term: 𝟐𝟐 + 𝒙𝒙 , 𝒏𝒏 = 𝟕𝟕 , second𝟐𝟐 𝟕𝟕 𝟐𝟐𝟕𝟕𝟐𝟐 term:
then the
then expansion
the expansion is : 𝟐𝟐
is +
: 𝒙𝒙
𝟐𝟐 +
+ 𝒙𝒙
𝒙𝒙 + term:𝟕𝟕 𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙
𝒙𝒙
thenFirst theterm: expansion is : 𝟐𝟐 + , 𝒙𝒙
second + 𝒙𝒙 term: 𝟕𝟕
First
then term:
thenthen
thethe 𝟐𝟐the+ 𝒙𝒙
expansion
expansion
𝟐𝟐
expansion + 𝒙𝒙
, is𝒏𝒏:is=𝟐𝟐:is𝟕𝟕+𝟐𝟐 , 𝒏𝒏 =
: 𝒙𝒙 ,+𝟐𝟐second
𝟕𝟕
+𝒙𝒙
+𝒙𝒙+ 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐
𝟕𝟕
+ 𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐
𝟕𝟕
thenthen the the
thenexpansion
the expansion
expansion is :isis𝟐𝟐: :+ 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝒙𝒙
++ 𝒙𝒙
+ 𝒙𝒙 + +𝟐𝟐𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐𝟕𝟕𝟐𝟐
𝒙𝒙
𝒏𝒏 =𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝟕𝟕=(odd) then
(odd) the the
then middle
the middleterms terms are are 𝑻𝑻are , 𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏
𝑻𝑻 : 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 ,::𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒,,𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓
= 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕
𝟕𝟕(odd) then middle terms 𝑻𝑻 𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐,,,𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏
𝑻𝑻
𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏𝑻𝑻 𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏 𝑻𝑻+𝟏𝟏
𝒏𝒏 𝟕𝟕
𝒏𝒏tion
Solu = = = (odd)
𝒏𝒏(odd)
𝟕𝟕 (odd)
then
then then
the
𝒏𝒏 =
thethe
middle
middle
𝟕𝟕 (odd)
middle
thenterms
termsterms
the middle areare 𝑻𝑻 are
terms
𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏
,𝟐𝟐𝑻𝑻are ,𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏
𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏
𝑻𝑻𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏 𝑻𝑻𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏
𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏
𝑻𝑻+𝟏𝟏
𝟐𝟐: 𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏
𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏+𝟏𝟏
𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏 ,+𝟏𝟏
: 𝑻𝑻: 𝑻𝑻 , 𝑻𝑻 , 𝑻𝑻
+𝟏𝟏, 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒: 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒𝟓𝟓, 𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓
𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻 𝟐𝟐𝑻𝑻
𝒏𝒏 = 𝟕𝟕 (odd) then the middle terms are 𝑻𝑻 𝟐𝟐 +𝟏𝟏 , 𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒+𝟏𝟏 :𝟓𝟓𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 , 𝑻𝑻
𝟐𝟐𝑻𝑻𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏
𝒏𝒏 = 𝟕𝟕 (odd) then the middle terms are𝟒𝟒𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏 𝑻𝑻 𝟐𝟐 = 𝑻𝑻 𝑻𝑻 ,𝟓𝟓𝑻𝑻
𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏
= =
𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻 𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 𝟐𝟐 +𝟏𝟏
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐
: 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 , 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒𝟓𝟓 𝟓𝟓
𝑻𝑻 = 𝟒𝟒 𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻
=𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
𝟒𝟒 =𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒𝟓𝟓𝑻𝑻
𝟐𝟐
𝒏𝒏+𝟏𝟏
= 𝟓𝟓 𝑻𝑻
+𝟏𝟏
𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓 𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 𝟒𝟒 𝟕𝟕 −𝑻𝑻𝟕𝟕 𝟐𝟐 𝟓𝟓𝟒𝟒
𝟕𝟕 − +
− 𝟏𝟏
𝟒𝟒
𝟐𝟐
𝟒𝟒𝑻𝑻 +
𝟓𝟓
𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
𝑻𝑻 𝑻𝑻 𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻 𝟕𝟕 − 𝟕𝟕 =𝟒𝟒
− 𝟕𝟕+ −𝟓𝟓+
𝟒𝟒 𝟒𝟒 𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏
+ +𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙
∴ →𝑻𝑻
∴ ∴∴
→∴𝑻𝑻 →
𝟓𝟓→
→
=
𝟓𝟓
=
𝟏𝟏
∴=
𝟓𝟓 →==
𝟏𝟏
= 𝟕𝟕
𝟏𝟏
=𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏
𝟓𝟓 −
= =
𝟒𝟒
=
=
= 𝟒𝟒
𝟒𝟒𝟏𝟏𝟒𝟒= 𝑻𝑻
+ 𝟓𝟓𝟏𝟏 × ×
𝟐𝟐𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏×
+×
× ×𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐
𝒙𝒙
∴ → 𝟒𝟒𝑻𝑻= 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒𝑻𝑻 𝑻𝑻
𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏𝟒𝟒𝟓𝟓= 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 𝟕𝟕 −𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝟕𝟕 − 𝟒𝟒 + 𝟏𝟏
+×𝟒𝟒𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟐 +𝟐𝟐×𝒙𝒙+ 𝟐𝟐
𝟐𝟐𝒙𝒙
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐++𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙
+
𝑻𝑻∴ → 𝟓𝟓𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝒙𝒙= 𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏 = 𝟒𝟒
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒 𝒙𝒙
+ 𝒙𝒙
∴ → 𝑻𝑻=𝟒𝟒 𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙=
𝟒𝟒 𝟐𝟐
𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 =𝟒𝟒𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 ×
𝒙𝒙
𝟐𝟐 + 𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙
𝟐𝟐 +
𝟐𝟐=
𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐+𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐+𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙
= = =
=𝟒𝟒𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝟐𝟐+𝒙𝒙
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐+𝒙𝒙
𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐+𝒙𝒙 =
−𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝒙𝒙−− 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝟐𝟐+𝒙𝒙
𝟐𝟐+𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙
𝒙𝒙 − 𝒙𝒙 − 𝟐𝟐 = 𝟎𝟎
𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 = 𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝟐𝟐
𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐𝒙𝒙
− 𝒙𝒙 − − =𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 = 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙 =− 𝟐𝟐
𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙−𝟐𝟐+𝒙𝒙
, − 𝒙𝒙
−𝟐𝟐+𝒙𝒙
𝒙𝒙 =−
𝟐𝟐
𝒙𝒙
==
𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
=
− 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 ,=
𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟐 =
−𝟏𝟏
𝟎𝟎
=𝒙𝒙 = 𝟎𝟎−𝟏𝟏
𝒙𝒙
𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐== 𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 ,
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐,−,,𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙−𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙 = = −𝟏𝟏
−𝟏𝟏
𝒙𝒙 =𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐
=
𝒙𝒙 = 𝟐𝟐𝒙𝒙 ,− 𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙−=𝟐𝟐−𝟏𝟏 =𝒙𝒙 = 𝟎𝟎 𝟎𝟎
𝟐𝟐−𝟏𝟏
= = −𝟏𝟏
𝒙𝒙
𝒙𝒙 = 𝟐𝟐 , 𝒙𝒙 = = 𝟐𝟐 , 𝒙𝒙 −𝟏𝟏 = −𝟏𝟏
10
Session one Algebra
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 3 38 8

8 08 8 8 InIn
8 , findInthe , find
the
thethe
expansion
, expansion
findthe
the
expansion
In the expansion
In8the expansion
coefficient
coefficient
𝑥𝑥 of:
of: 𝑥𝑥−of:3 33−6
of: 3−6 𝑥𝑥−of
3of:8𝑥𝑥 −
2𝑥𝑥of
𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥3−6
−−6
−3 8 according
3 2𝑥𝑥
8according
𝑥𝑥38according
2𝑥𝑥
88
according
to the
toto the
descending
the
2𝑥𝑥 according to the descending power of 𝑥𝑥
to the descending power of 𝑥𝑥
descending
descendingpower
power of
power
𝑥𝑥
ofof 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥

8 8 8 In,In find the coefficient 3 of

the expansion of: 2𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 3according 8 to tothe descending power of of
coefficient
Inthe
Intheexpansion
the of
expansion
expansion 𝑥𝑥 of:of:
of:
− 𝑥𝑥
− − −
3 according
according
according to the
to the
the descending
descending
descending power
power
power
𝑥𝑥of𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
of 𝑥𝑥
, find8 the coefficient of 𝑥𝑥 −63−633 2𝑥𝑥2𝑥𝑥2𝑥𝑥
−6 3 2𝑥𝑥
, find
, findthe
, ,find coefficient
the coefficient of 𝑥𝑥
of 𝑥𝑥 −6 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥8−𝑟𝑟 8−𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟1 18−𝑟𝑟 8−𝑟𝑟
findthe thecoefficient
coefficient 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1𝑇𝑇of
of= −6
𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥=8 𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶8 𝐶𝐶 −3−3 −3
8−𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 8−𝑟𝑟 =−3
−3
= 88𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶8𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶1𝑟𝑟−3
−3
8−𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 1 8−𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
8−2𝑟𝑟
8−2𝑟𝑟
8 𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇 =−38 𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟2𝑥𝑥
𝐶𝐶 2𝑥𝑥 3 38 = 𝐶𝐶 2 8−𝑟𝑟2 3 8−2𝑟𝑟 3 𝑥𝑥 8−2𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = 𝑟𝑟+1 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 −3 𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥2𝑥𝑥 =3 𝐶𝐶8𝑟𝑟 −3 𝑟𝑟 12
𝑟𝑟 8−𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥3 8−2𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = 8 𝐶𝐶 2𝑥𝑥
8 𝑟𝑟 8 2𝑥𝑥−3−3−3
3𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥88−𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥−
8 8−𝑟𝑟
=−
2𝑟𝑟 2𝑟𝑟
8−𝑟𝑟=𝐶𝐶8=
8−𝑟𝑟 −6
𝑟𝑟 8−6
2 ∴ −3∴ 𝑟𝑟3𝑟𝑟=
−3 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟1=
7𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟8−𝑟𝑟
1718−𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥8−𝑟𝑟8−2𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = ==
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶
= 888
𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶
𝐶𝐶
3
−3
−2𝑥𝑥2𝑟𝑟3= 8− −62𝑟𝑟
𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 =∴== 𝑟𝑟=𝐶𝐶=𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶−6
−6 2
878 ∴2−6
𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑟𝑟 −729
=3−729
−3
3
−3 7 1 8−𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 8−2𝑟𝑟
𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥8−2𝑟𝑟
8−2𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟+1 2𝑥𝑥
𝑟𝑟
8 𝑟𝑟−2𝑥𝑥 2𝑟𝑟
2𝑥𝑥 coefficient
3
= coefficient
33−6 ∴ 𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥
−729= 𝑥𝑥 7 =
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 2= −729
22
3 33
Solu tion coefficient
8− 8 8− coefficient
2𝑟𝑟 =𝑥𝑥= −6
−6 =−6
−6
∴ 𝑥𝑥∴𝑟𝑟−729
= =7=716 16 16
coefficient 8−2𝑟𝑟 −2𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 =
2𝑟𝑟 −6
=
−6 −6 ∴𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟−729
16∴−729
=𝑟𝑟 =77
−6=
coefficient
coefficient
coefficient 𝑥𝑥 −6 =
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥−6−6=16
16
==16
−729
−729
coefficient 16 16 1616
1 1
9 9 FindFind the the termterm freefree ofof 𝑥𝑥 in𝑥𝑥 inthe the expansion
expansion of:of:1 𝑥𝑥16 +
𝑥𝑥 +13 316
9 09
Find
9
Find
theFind
the
9 according
9 9 9 Find
term
term
the
according
according
according
thethe
Find term
tothe
free
the
term
free
term
of
to
to
free
to
of
free
𝑥𝑥
the
the
in
the
𝑥𝑥
of of
descending
free
in
of
the
descending
in
the
𝑥𝑥
descending
𝑥𝑥descending
the
in
expansion the
expansion
𝑥𝑥power
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥in the expansion
expansion
power
of
expansionpower
of:
power
𝑥𝑥. of:
of: of
𝑥𝑥
ofof:
of
𝑥𝑥
+
𝑥𝑥.
of:
+
𝑥𝑥.𝑥𝑥 +
of:𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥+
4𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥
4𝑥𝑥 31 1 16
𝑥𝑥.
3
+164𝑥𝑥4𝑥𝑥
1
4𝑥𝑥16
11 16
3
16
9 FindFind
according the
to term
theterm free
freeof
descending of inin thethe
power expansion
expansion
of 𝑥𝑥. of: 𝑥𝑥+34𝑥𝑥
4𝑥𝑥 +4𝑥𝑥 3
4𝑥𝑥 33
according
according
according to to
thetothedescending
the descending
descending power powerpower offree𝑥𝑥.of
of 𝑥𝑥.𝑥𝑥.
free of of
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 →→ 𝑥𝑥 00𝑥𝑥 0
according to the descending power of 𝑥𝑥.
free of 𝑥𝑥free → 𝑥𝑥of 𝑥𝑥 → 𝑥𝑥
0
free of𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟→ 𝑥𝑥 0 0 0
1616 free 1 1of of 𝑥𝑥 → 𝑥𝑥→𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 00 1616 1 1𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 16−4𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 == 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 1free free
𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥of
free 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥16−𝑛𝑛
of 𝑥𝑥→
𝑥𝑥16−𝑛𝑛
→=𝑥𝑥= 𝑟𝑟 𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟1 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 16−4𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇
16 = 1
16
𝐶𝐶 4𝑥𝑥16−𝑛𝑛 𝑥𝑥 16 = 1 16𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 16−4𝑟𝑟
3
4𝑥𝑥 3 16−𝑛𝑛 4 4 𝑥𝑥 16−4𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = 𝑟𝑟+1 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 31 𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥
𝑟𝑟 316−𝑛𝑛= 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 1 𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥 416−4𝑟𝑟
0 r016−𝑛𝑛
𝑟𝑟4𝑥𝑥 455 455
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = 1616𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟164𝑥𝑥1616 31−− 14𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥4𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟= 𝑟𝑟=16−𝑛𝑛
𝑟𝑟 →=→ 𝑟𝑟 = 𝑟𝑟16=4
16
4 →
𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟16
4→ 455 1𝑇𝑇5𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥1𝑟𝑟 =
1𝑇𝑇=
5 𝑟𝑟455
16−4𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1== 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟16
𝐶𝐶=
4𝑥𝑥
16 1 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥0𝑥𝑥4𝑥𝑥→16−𝑛𝑛 = 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟16
𝐶𝐶16𝑟𝑟455
4 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥64 16−4𝑟𝑟
𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟−
0𝑟𝑟34𝑥𝑥4𝑟𝑟 == 𝑟𝑟 =𝑇𝑇= 54
==→ 4𝑇𝑇
𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟5𝑟𝑟4 =
1 1 64
Solution 16
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1=
𝑟𝑟+1 −= 4𝑟𝑟 16 𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶
4𝑥𝑥 →3 𝑟𝑟 →16−𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶 64 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥16−4𝑟𝑟
16−4𝑟𝑟
4𝑥𝑥 33
16 − 4𝑟𝑟 = 0 4𝑥𝑥→ 𝑟𝑟 = 4 → 𝑇𝑇5 = 455455 64 4 4
1616 −16 4𝑟𝑟−4𝑟𝑟
− == 0 0→0→ 𝑟𝑟 = 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟=4=4→4→𝑇𝑇 5𝑇𝑇= 64=64 455
455
16 −4𝑟𝑟 4𝑟𝑟== 0 →→ 𝑟𝑟 = 4 →→ 5𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
55 == 6464
64
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥9 9 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦1515
1010 Find Findthe thecoefficient
coefficient 𝑥𝑥 9 ofof𝑦𝑦 𝑥𝑥 9 in in the the expansion
expansion 𝑥𝑥 of: 𝑦𝑦of: 15𝑥𝑥 + + 𝑦𝑦 𝑥𝑥15
10 10 theFind
Find the coefficient
coefficient of 𝑥𝑥 9in of the𝑦𝑦expansion
𝑦𝑦
in the expansion of: +
𝑥𝑥 of: 𝑦𝑦 15+
𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦 𝑥𝑥
10 Find theaccording
according
coefficient toto the
ofthe𝑦𝑦descending
descending
in
9 9the
99 expansion power power ofof of:𝑥𝑥.𝑦𝑦 𝑥𝑥+𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦15𝑦𝑦15
𝑥𝑥. 𝑥𝑥

10
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 15
Find
Find
1010according the coefficient
according
the
to to
coefficient
the descendingthe of descending
of
𝑦𝑦 in
power
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 in the the of expansion
power expansion
𝑥𝑥. of 𝑥𝑥. of: 𝑦𝑦 +
of: 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦 15
10
10 Find
Find the
the coefficient
coefficient of
𝑦𝑦of 𝑦𝑦 in in the
the expansion
expansion of:𝑦𝑦 of: 𝑦𝑦 𝑥𝑥 + +
𝑥𝑥
according to the descending 𝑦𝑦power 𝑦𝑦 of 𝑥𝑥. 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥
according
according
according to to
thetothe descending
the descending
descending power power power of𝑥𝑥of 𝑥𝑥.of 𝑥𝑥.𝑥𝑥.𝑥𝑥. 1 11515
according to the descending Let Let power
𝑧𝑧 =
𝑧𝑧 =
𝑥𝑥of
expansion:
expansion: 15 𝑧𝑧 +𝑧𝑧 + 15
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 1 𝑧𝑧1 𝑧𝑧
Let 𝑧𝑧 = Let 𝑧𝑧
expansion: = 𝑦𝑦 expansion:
𝑦𝑦
𝑧𝑧 + 𝑧𝑧
15 +
Let 𝑦𝑦 𝑥𝑥15 expansion: 𝑦𝑦1 1𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
+𝑧𝑧 =1=15
1 1515 𝑧𝑧
𝑇𝑇Let𝑇𝑇𝑧𝑧Let
𝑟𝑟+1
==
𝑧𝑧
𝑟𝑟+1 = 𝑧𝑧
1 =
𝑦𝑦 =
𝑥𝑥
15
15
𝐶𝐶
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
𝑟𝑟 𝐶𝐶
𝑟𝑟 expansion:
expansion:
𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟 1 𝑟𝑟 𝑧𝑧 𝑧𝑧 𝑧𝑧 15−𝑟𝑟
15−𝑟𝑟
15−𝑟𝑟 𝑧𝑧 +𝑧𝑧
𝑧𝑧 + 15
1 1𝐶𝐶 15
1 𝑍𝑍𝑟𝑟 15−2𝑟𝑟
𝐶𝐶15
𝑟𝑟15 𝑍𝑍15−2𝑟𝑟
15−2𝑟𝑟
15 Let
𝑇𝑇 = 𝑧𝑧 = 𝐶𝐶 expansion:
𝑧𝑧 𝑧𝑧 𝑧𝑧 = 𝑧𝑧 + 𝐶𝐶 𝑍𝑍
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = 𝑟𝑟+1 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟Let1𝑦𝑦𝑧𝑧 𝑟𝑟= 15−𝑟𝑟
𝑦𝑦𝑧𝑧𝑟𝑟𝑦𝑦 𝑧𝑧expansion:
15
= 15𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 𝑍𝑍𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧 𝑧𝑧15−2𝑟𝑟 15−2𝑟𝑟+ 𝑟𝑟
15 15
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1−− 2𝑟𝑟
= 2𝑟𝑟 15=15 =𝐶𝐶9𝑟𝑟159→
𝑧𝑧 → 𝑟𝑟1 = 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟1𝑧𝑧𝑦𝑦= 3then
3𝑟𝑟15−𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟
then =…… coefficient
𝐶𝐶coefficient 𝑍𝑍 𝑧𝑧15−2𝑟𝑟 𝑧𝑧 ofof 𝑇𝑇4𝑇𝑇= 4 = 455 455
15 − 2𝑟𝑟15 −
=𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 2𝑟𝑟=𝑟𝑟=
9𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
→ = = 9𝐶𝐶3→ 15 𝐶𝐶
15 𝑟𝑟
𝑧𝑧then = …
13 𝑧𝑧
1 then
15−𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟
coefficient
𝑧𝑧 15−𝑟𝑟 …
15−𝑟𝑟=
15−𝑟𝑟 coefficient
= 15 𝑟𝑟
𝐶𝐶
15 of 15 𝐶𝐶
15 𝑍𝑍 𝑇𝑇 𝑍𝑍 15−2𝑟𝑟
= of455
15−2𝑟𝑟
15−2𝑟𝑟 𝑇𝑇 4 = 455
15 − 2𝑟𝑟 = 9𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝑟𝑟 == = 3 𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶 𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧 == of𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟4𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟𝑍𝑍𝑍𝑍= 455
𝑟𝑟 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑧𝑧 𝑧𝑧 … coefficient
𝑧𝑧then 𝑟𝑟
Solution → 𝑟𝑟+1 𝑧𝑧 4
1515 − −2𝑟𝑟 =
2𝑟𝑟 =9 →9 →𝑟𝑟 =𝑟𝑟 3
= then
3 then … …coefficient
coefficient of of 𝑇𝑇of 𝑇𝑇= =455 455
1515−−2𝑟𝑟 2𝑟𝑟==99→→𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟==33 then then……coefficient coefficient 4of 4𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
44= = 455455
12 12 12 12
1111 in in 2 2 1 112 1 1
the
the expansion
expansion of:of: 1 𝑥𝑥12 𝑥𝑥+ +12 2 − 1 − 12 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 + 1 𝑥𝑥12, find , find the the term term containing
containing 𝑥𝑥 44𝑥𝑥 4
11
11 in the expansion
in the expansionof: 𝑥𝑥 2+ 2 of: 21𝑥𝑥 12 2
+− 𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥 + −1 𝑥𝑥12
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
,+ find 𝑥𝑥
the , find term the term containing
containing 𝑥𝑥 4 𝑥𝑥
11 in the expansion of: 𝑥𝑥 2+𝑥𝑥 2 1 112−1212𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 1 12 , 𝑥𝑥
find the term containing 𝑥𝑥 4

11 1 12
111111in in 12 1212 4
11 the expansion of:of:
the expansion 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥+𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 2+22+ 2 11− −𝑥𝑥−+
2 1,1find the term containing 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 44
4
ininthe
the expansion
expansion of:
of:
1 1 12𝑥𝑥12𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 +𝑥𝑥 22 1 1− 1212
𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥+
𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥+ +𝑥𝑥 , find
𝑥𝑥 , ,find find the the
the termterm
term containing
containing
containing 𝑥𝑥
2 2 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 4 4 4 4 4 4
1 𝑥𝑥122
𝑥𝑥+ + 1 12 − −
1 12 𝑥𝑥 +
𝑥𝑥 + 1 12 →→ Term Term containing containing 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥: :
𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥 − −
𝑚𝑚𝑥𝑥 𝑚𝑚𝑥𝑥
2 2
→ Term containing 4 𝑥𝑥 4 : 𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥44 − 𝑚𝑚𝑥𝑥 4
𝑥𝑥 2 2+ 21𝑥𝑥 12 +−𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + −1 𝑥𝑥12+ →𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥12Term 𝑥𝑥
12 containing 1𝑥𝑥 1𝑟𝑟:4𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥
4
𝑟𝑟 − 𝑚𝑚𝑥𝑥 4
42
𝑥𝑥
forfor + 𝑥𝑥 1 12
expansion:
2 expansion: 1 − 12
:
12𝑥𝑥
12 +
:
𝑥𝑥2 21 12
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 + +
1 →
1
1
12 1212 :
12Term𝑇𝑇: 𝑇𝑇 containing
= = 12 12
𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶 𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟 :4 𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 2
𝑥𝑥 −12−𝑟𝑟
12−𝑟𝑟
4 𝑚𝑚𝑥𝑥=12412
4= 𝐶𝐶4𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶4𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟424−4𝑟𝑟
𝑥𝑥 24−4𝑟𝑟
for 𝑥𝑥expansion:
𝑥𝑥+𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 2+22+ 2211− :−
2 2
1𝑥𝑥 +
−𝑥𝑥
12
𝑥𝑥
2 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥121
𝑥𝑥
+ +
12 → →
: 𝑇𝑇Term
𝑟𝑟+1
→
𝑟𝑟+1containing
Term Term
= 112 𝑟𝑟
containing 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟2𝑥𝑥1212−𝑟𝑟
containing
𝐶𝐶 2𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥: 2𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥
4
𝑥𝑥: 𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥
412−𝑟𝑟
:
4 −
𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥 4−
=𝑚𝑚𝑥𝑥
4 −𝑚𝑚𝑥𝑥
12𝑚𝑚𝑥𝑥
𝐶𝐶 𝑥𝑥 24−4𝑟𝑟
for expansion:𝑥𝑥:𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥+ 𝑥𝑥 2+ 21
− 12 :𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝑥𝑥
+2𝑥𝑥 = 𝑟𝑟+1
𝑥𝑥
12 →𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 Term containing
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥 2 𝑥𝑥
= 𝑥𝑥 :𝐶𝐶𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥
12
𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 −
24−4𝑟𝑟 𝑚𝑚𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟
for expansion: : 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥2 2+𝑥𝑥 2 2 1 112
2
:1𝑥𝑥𝑇𝑇12 24
12
𝑟𝑟+1
𝑥𝑥 24 −−
= 4𝑟𝑟
124𝑟𝑟
12 𝐶𝐶=𝑟𝑟12𝑥𝑥=4214 →1→ 𝑟𝑟1𝑟𝑟= 𝑥𝑥1𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟2=5𝑟𝑟212−𝑟𝑟
512−𝑟𝑟= 1212 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟12𝑥𝑥 24−4𝑟𝑟 24−4𝑟𝑟
1: 𝑇𝑇24 −𝑇𝑇 4𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟= 412
𝑥𝑥5→ 4
𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟2𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟4𝑥𝑥2 =
41𝑥𝑥5𝑥𝑥 22 12−𝑟𝑟
forfor
expansion: : :𝑥𝑥 : 𝑥𝑥+𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥24 12 =→ 𝐶𝐶792 𝑟𝑟 2 12−𝑟𝑟 = ==𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟12 𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 24−4𝑟𝑟
expansion: : 𝑥𝑥2+ −2 4𝑟𝑟 =
:𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇4𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇: 𝑟𝑟+1 == =𝑟𝑟12 𝐶𝐶 2
𝐶𝐶12 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥24−4𝑟𝑟
for expansion: 𝑥𝑥224 6𝑇𝑇 = 792 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 12−𝑟𝑟
2+ 24−4𝑟𝑟
for expansion: +
𝑥𝑥 − 2 4𝑟𝑟 =: 4𝑟𝑟+1 → 6= =𝑟𝑟 =
𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
𝑥𝑥5 2 =
2424 1
2
𝑥𝑥𝑇𝑇𝑥𝑥 =
6−1− 12 792
4𝑟𝑟−4𝑟𝑟
12 = 𝑇𝑇 6= 𝑥𝑥
4=→= 4 792
444→ 𝑟𝑟→ = 𝑥𝑥
𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟= 5=15 51
2
𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
forfor expansion:
expansion: 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 + 24
1𝑇𝑇6𝑥𝑥24 =: − 4𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇792 4𝑟𝑟
:𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇 𝑥𝑥= 4412𝑟𝑟→
12 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟= 𝑟𝑟5 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 12−𝑟𝑟 12−𝑟𝑟 1212 12−2𝑟𝑟
𝑥𝑥 12−2𝑟𝑟
1= 4𝐶𝐶4 𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶 = =12𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟 12−2𝑟𝑟
12
1 12 𝑇𝑇 = 792 𝑟𝑟+1 𝑥𝑥 12 𝑥𝑥1 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 12 12−𝑟𝑟 12−2𝑟𝑟
for expansion:
for expansion: 𝑥𝑥 + 1 𝑥𝑥12 :+ 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝑥𝑥 6𝑇𝑇
= : 6𝑇𝑇12 = 𝐶𝐶 792 = 𝑥𝑥 𝐶𝐶 𝑥𝑥 4 12−𝑟𝑟
= 𝐶𝐶 =
𝑥𝑥 𝐶𝐶 𝑥𝑥
−𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇6− 6= 𝑟𝑟 792
= 792 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 =
𝑟𝑟+1 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
for expansion: 𝑥𝑥 +𝑥𝑥 1 12 1: 1𝑇𝑇
𝑥𝑥 1212
12 12
𝑟𝑟+1 12 =
2𝑟𝑟
12 2𝑟𝑟
12𝐶𝐶= 𝑟𝑟
𝑥𝑥=41 4 → 1 → 𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥12−𝑟𝑟
1𝑥𝑥1𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟12−𝑟𝑟
=4 4 = 1212 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟12𝑥𝑥 12−2𝑟𝑟 12−2𝑟𝑟
for expansion: 𝑥𝑥 + : 𝑇𝑇 12 − = 2𝑟𝑟 = 𝐶𝐶
12 4 → 𝑟𝑟 =𝑥𝑥 4 12−𝑟𝑟 = 𝐶𝐶 𝑥𝑥
𝐶𝐶12𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 12−2𝑟𝑟
Solution for expansion:𝑥𝑥12
expansion: 𝑥𝑥+ − 2𝑟𝑟:𝑟𝑟+1 = :𝑇𝑇4𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇: 𝑟𝑟+1 →= 𝑟𝑟== = 4𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶
𝐶𝐶495 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥4𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 12−𝑟𝑟 ===𝑟𝑟12
𝑥𝑥 1 12 𝑥𝑥 4 14 12−2𝑟𝑟
for
for expansion: 𝑥𝑥+
𝑥𝑥12 +−
𝑥𝑥 2𝑟𝑟 = 𝑇𝑇
4 5𝑇𝑇
𝑟𝑟+1 → =5= 𝑟𝑟495
𝑟𝑟
=
12 𝑥𝑥4 12−𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥
12−2𝑟𝑟
termterm containing 1212
containing
𝑥𝑥
𝑇𝑇 𝑥𝑥
− = 495
2𝑟𝑟−𝑥𝑥2𝑟𝑟 =4 𝑇𝑇
𝑥𝑥2𝑟𝑟
=4
4=𝑥𝑥= =
4
→
792 495
444792 𝑟𝑟 = 4 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟 4𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥= 4−=4− 4 𝑥𝑥
495 4 4 4 4
44495 𝑥𝑥 4𝑥𝑥= = 297 297 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
5 − 5 →
term containing term containing 𝑥𝑥 4 4= 𝑇𝑇12512 =𝑥𝑥 −495 42𝑟𝑟 =4495 =
𝑥𝑥−
792 44→→ 𝑥𝑥4 4𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟− 4=495 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥=4 297 𝑥𝑥 4
𝑇𝑇792 𝑇𝑇 = 5𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
𝑥𝑥
495
= 𝑥𝑥 495 𝑥𝑥 4
= 297
term containing 𝑥𝑥 4=54792 55= 𝑥𝑥=4495 4495
− 495 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 4 = 297 𝑥𝑥 4 4
4 4495 𝑥𝑥 4 =
term term containing
containing
term containing 𝑥𝑥 = 792 𝑥𝑥 4−495 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 = 4=792
4 792 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 − − 495𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 4=
4 297 𝑥𝑥 4 4
4=297 297𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 4
term containing 𝑥𝑥 = 792 𝑥𝑥 − 495 𝑥𝑥 = 297 𝑥𝑥

11
 Algebra Session one

1515 15

12 12
Find
121212Find
1212 Find
Find
Find
12
the
the
the
the
Findthe
coefficient
coefficient
the
coefficient
Find the
according
according
according
ofof𝑥𝑥14
coefficient
coefficient
coefficientof
of of
𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥
coefficient
totothe
the
to
𝑥𝑥 14
14
of
14
𝑥𝑥
descending
descending
the
𝑥𝑥
14
in
in
inthe
in14
the
in
the
the
in
14the
of 𝑥𝑥 power
descending
expansion
expansion
the expansion
expansion
expansion
expansion
in theofexpansion
power
powerof𝑥𝑥.of
of:of:32
of:
of:
𝑥𝑥. 𝑥𝑥.
of:
32
32
of:
32
𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 4
4𝑥𝑥 4 224 2𝑥𝑥+ 15
32𝑥𝑥432
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥2 𝑥𝑥2+2223+
𝑥𝑥4𝑥𝑥
+4+
2315
215
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 32
2+
of: 3222𝑥𝑥 2 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 3 𝑥𝑥+ 3
3
2
3
𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥 2 22 2
15

according
according
according to
to the
to
thethe
descending
descending
descending power
power
power
according to the descending power of 𝑥𝑥. of
of of
𝑥𝑥.
𝑥𝑥. 𝑥𝑥.
1515 15
𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥 2 22 2
4𝑥𝑥 4 224 2𝑥𝑥+ 15
Expansion:
Expansion:
Expansion: 3232𝑥𝑥432 𝑥𝑥2+ 𝑥𝑥2+2𝑥𝑥 223+
15215
Expansion:
Expansion: 32 32
𝑥𝑥 4𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥4𝑥𝑥 2+ 𝑥𝑥23 𝑥𝑥 32 15
Expansion: Expansion: 32 𝑥𝑥
15−𝑟𝑟
215−𝑟𝑟
4+
3222𝑥𝑥 2 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥33 𝑥𝑥+ 3
4𝑥𝑥 4 × 2 2 𝑟𝑟 2𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟2𝑥𝑥15−𝑟𝑟 15−𝑟𝑟
𝑥𝑥 215−𝑟𝑟== 21515 𝑥𝑥 3 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 1 15−𝑟𝑟
15−𝑟𝑟
115−𝑟𝑟 15−𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = = 32
32 𝑥𝑥 × 4 1515𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶
15 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 15−𝑟𝑟 32 32 𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶
15 2 2 𝑟𝑟 115−𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 34−5𝑟𝑟
34−5𝑟𝑟
𝑥𝑥34−5𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇
= 32
𝑟𝑟+1= =
32
𝑥𝑥 32
44 𝑥𝑥
× 4𝑥𝑥× 15×
15 15
𝐶𝐶
𝑟𝑟
𝐶𝐶
𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶
22
𝑥𝑥 3𝑥𝑥
𝑟𝑟 23𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 2
𝑥𝑥2
2 𝑥𝑥
𝑟𝑟
2
2
2 15−𝑟𝑟
= 32
= =32 15
1532
𝐶𝐶15 𝑟𝑟
𝐶𝐶
𝑟𝑟
2 𝐶𝐶 𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
2 2
11
𝑟𝑟2
15−𝑟𝑟
21
𝑥𝑥15−𝑟𝑟
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 34−5𝑟𝑟
34−5𝑟𝑟
34−5𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟+1 =
𝑟𝑟+1 32 𝑥𝑥 × 4 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 15𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = 32 𝑥𝑥 × 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟 232 2 𝑥𝑥 3 2 2 𝑥𝑥 = 32 𝐶𝐶
𝑟𝑟
= 32 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 222 2
𝑟𝑟 152
𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 2 1 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 34−5𝑟𝑟
Solution 33
3434−
3
𝑥𝑥−5𝑟𝑟−5𝑟𝑟= = 214 1414 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟== 4= 44 2
34 34 5𝑟𝑟 = 𝑟𝑟
3434 −𝑇𝑇−5𝑇𝑇5𝑟𝑟
−
5𝑟𝑟 5𝑟𝑟
== 14=
1414
=341.25 =𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥14
=𝑥𝑥=
14 𝑟𝑟14
4=4𝑟𝑟 4= 4
5=
34 341.25
−
𝑇𝑇341.255𝑟𝑟
=341.25
341.25 1414 𝑥𝑥 14
14
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇55 𝑇𝑇== =
5341.25
5 𝑇𝑇 = 341.25 𝑥𝑥 14 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
5
1212
1 1 1 12
InInthe
the
In expansion
expansion
the expansion 𝑥𝑥𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥 𝑘𝑘+
of:of:of: +𝑘𝑘 12 where
where
12 12 𝑘𝑘 𝑘𝑘∈∈
12where
𝑍𝑍,++𝑍𝑍
𝑍𝑍+++ , +find:
find: , find:
13 131313In
13 In the
In
the
1313 131.1.The
1.
1.
the
expansion
In
The
2.The
1.
The
2.
expansion
expansion
the
values
values
The
The
The
2.
of
of
1.values
values
of:
of:
expansion
𝐾𝐾
values
ratio
ratio
TheThe
of:
𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥
that
that
𝐾𝐾
of of
of𝐾𝐾
of:
𝐾𝐾that
between
between
values
ratio
𝑥𝑥
ofthat
𝐾𝐾
that
between
+
make
+ 𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥11𝑥𝑥 +
make
make
make
the
the
𝐾𝐾
+
𝑥𝑥
make
term
that
the
the
term
𝑥𝑥1 where
𝑘𝑘 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 the
𝑥𝑥
the
make
𝑥𝑥+
1. The values of 𝐾𝐾 that make𝑥𝑥 the expansion has
the
1 where
where
the
expansion
free
term
𝑘𝑘
𝑘𝑘
where∈
expansion
expansion
freeof
the
free
𝑘𝑘
∈
expansion
expansion
𝑥𝑥and
of 𝑥𝑥
𝑘𝑘∈
𝑍𝑍
𝑍𝑍 𝑘𝑘
has
of𝑥𝑥expansion
and has
the
and
∈
has
has
find:
,𝑍𝑍,∈
has
,𝑍𝑍find:
find:
a
+
aacoefficient
the term
a term
termafree
coefficient
has
the
, find:
aterm
free
free
term of
term
of
of
coefficient
𝑥𝑥of
ofthe
free of
free
free
a term ofof𝑥𝑥of
free
𝑥𝑥of
𝑥𝑥the
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
middle
middle
the𝑥𝑥 middleterm
termterm forfor
for
2.
2.
the
the The
2.
TheThe
biggestratioratio
ratio
biggest
2. The between
between
between
value
value ofof
ratio the
betweenthe
you
𝐾𝐾you the
term
term
got
got term
the freefree
free
from
fromterm ofof
(1) of
𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥
free and
𝑥𝑥
andandthe
thethe
coefficient
coefficient
coefficient of
of the
of
the the
middlemiddle
middle termterm
term for
forfor
the the biggest value 𝐾𝐾of 𝐾𝐾 you got (1)
from (1)of 𝑥𝑥 and the coefficient of the middle term for
thethe
biggest
biggest
biggest value
value
value of
of of
𝐾𝐾
𝐾𝐾 you
𝐾𝐾
you you
got
got got
from
from
the biggest value of 𝐾𝐾 you got from (1) from(1)
(1)(1)

1 11212 12
𝑥𝑥𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥 𝑘𝑘+ +𝑘𝑘 12
𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥11𝑥𝑥 +1 12
12 1 ,𝑘𝑘,𝑘𝑘∈ ∈
12,𝑘𝑘𝑍𝑍++
𝑍𝑍 ++𝑍𝑍
+
∈ , 0+, 0≤ , 𝑟𝑟≤
0≤𝑟𝑟 ≤ 𝑟𝑟≤≤ 12
𝑟𝑟≤ ≤1212𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟∈∈𝑟𝑟 0,1,2, ∈0,1,2, ……, 12
0,1,2, , 12
… , 12
𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥++ 𝑥𝑥+𝑘𝑘 +𝑥𝑥,𝑘𝑘 𝑥𝑥
,𝑘𝑘
1 ,𝑘𝑘
∈∈ 𝑍𝑍𝑍𝑍
∈ 𝑍𝑍 , ,0 0 ,
≤+0
≤ 𝑟𝑟 ≤ ≤𝑟𝑟 12
12 12 𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟 ∈∈𝑟𝑟 ∈
0,1,2,
0,1,2, 0,1,2,…… , …
12
, 12,…
12
𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 1212 ,𝑘𝑘 1 ∈1𝑍𝑍 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 ,
𝑟𝑟 0 ≤ 𝑟𝑟
12−𝑟𝑟
12−𝑟𝑟 ≤ 12
𝑘𝑘 𝑘𝑘 12−𝑟𝑟1212 12 12𝑘𝑘−𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘−𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 ∈ 0,1,2, , 12
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇 = =𝑥𝑥 𝐶𝐶12
12 =12
𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟1𝐶𝐶1 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟1 1𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟12−𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥
12−𝑟𝑟
𝑘𝑘 12−𝑟𝑟 = =
12 = 𝐶𝐶
12 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 12𝑘𝑘−𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘−𝑟𝑟
𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥12𝑘𝑘−𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘−𝑟𝑟
𝐶𝐶 𝑥𝑥 12𝑘𝑘−𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘−𝑟𝑟
12𝑘𝑘−𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘−𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
=𝑇𝑇 12 𝑥𝑥 𝑘𝑘
= 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶12𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥1 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑘𝑘 == 12
= 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 12𝑘𝑘−𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘−𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥𝐶𝐶
𝑥𝑥12𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥𝐶𝐶
𝑟𝑟+1
= 12−𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
12𝑘𝑘−𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘−𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟+1 = 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥 = 𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥
𝑟𝑟+1
𝑥𝑥
𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
1)1)12𝑘𝑘 12𝑘𝑘
1) −−𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘−
12𝑘𝑘 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘−𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
−𝑟𝑟 − 𝑟𝑟== 𝑟𝑟=0= 0→0→ →1212− 12 −𝑟𝑟 −
𝑟𝑟𝑘𝑘 𝑟𝑟𝑘𝑘−− 𝑟𝑟 −
𝑘𝑘 𝑟𝑟== 𝑟𝑟=0=0 ∴0∴𝑘𝑘∴𝑘𝑘== 𝑘𝑘=12−𝑟𝑟
=
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟
1) 1)
12𝑘𝑘
1) 12𝑘𝑘 12𝑘𝑘
− − 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
− 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
−
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 − 𝑟𝑟
− 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘− = 𝑟𝑟 0
𝑟𝑟 =−0𝑟𝑟 → →0 → 1212 12
−− 12 𝑟𝑟
− 𝑘𝑘𝑟𝑟 − 𝑘𝑘 𝑟𝑟
− =
𝑟𝑟 𝑘𝑘−−𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟𝑘𝑘=−0𝑟𝑟 = 𝑟𝑟 0 0
∴ 𝑘𝑘
∴
∴ 0𝑘𝑘 ==𝑘𝑘 12−𝑟𝑟
12−𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 +
from
from from𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟=1)
=
𝑟𝑟 12𝑘𝑘
0,1,2,
0,1,2,
= ……, 10
0,1,2, …, 10 , 10 𝑘𝑘=𝑘𝑘∉0∉ 𝑧𝑧++→
𝑘𝑘
+𝑧𝑧∉++𝑧𝑧but
+but for
but forfor 𝑟𝑟== 11
𝑟𝑟 = 1111 𝑘𝑘 𝑘𝑘==∴=
11
𝑘𝑘 11 𝑘𝑘11
12−𝑟𝑟
12−𝑟𝑟 =∈∈𝑍𝑍 +
12−𝑟𝑟 𝑍𝑍 𝑍𝑍 +
++∈ +
12−𝑟𝑟
fromfrom
from 𝑟𝑟from
𝑟𝑟== 𝑟𝑟 =0,1,2,
0,1,2,
0,1,2,
𝑟𝑟 = term……
term,
0,1,2, …
,1010 ,
free10
free
… ,free𝑘𝑘
𝑘𝑘 ∉
of∉𝑘𝑘
of 𝑥𝑥of→
10 𝑧𝑧∉
𝑧𝑧
𝑥𝑥 𝑧𝑧
→
𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥∉ →but
but but
+ for
for
𝑇𝑇
𝑧𝑧𝑇𝑇1212 for
but𝑟𝑟
=12 𝑟𝑟
= =
12=𝑟𝑟
12
for 11=
11𝐶𝐶
𝐶𝐶 𝑟𝑟11
12
11
=12
= 𝑘𝑘
𝑘𝑘
=12
11=𝑘𝑘
= 11
= 𝑘𝑘 = 11 𝑍𝑍∈ 𝑍𝑍 +
11 11 ∈∈ 𝑍𝑍
∈
𝑍𝑍
Solution term term term
free free of 𝑥𝑥of 𝑇𝑇 12
12 =1211 𝐶𝐶
𝐶𝐶=12 =12
=12=12
term free
term of
free 𝑥𝑥 → 𝑥𝑥of
→→ 𝑥𝑥 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 12
→ 12𝑇𝑇==𝑇𝑇= 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
12 11 12=1211
11𝐶𝐶
12 =
11
11
12
2)2)Middle
Middle
2) Middle term:
term: term: 𝑇𝑇12 𝑇𝑇12+1𝑇𝑇 +1+1
12 = = 𝑇𝑇7𝑇𝑇
= 7= 𝑇𝑇=
12
12 12
= 12
𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶
6 =
6𝐶𝐶=924
=924924
2)
2)Middle
2) Middle
Middle term:
term:
2) Middle term: term: 𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇1212 𝑇𝑇
2
+1
2 =
12
𝑇𝑇=
+1
𝑇𝑇
212 12
=
𝑇𝑇
7 7 𝑇𝑇
===7
712𝐶𝐶
=
𝑇𝑇 𝐶𝐶
= 6 6 𝐶𝐶=
=
12
6 924
=
6924
𝐶𝐶 924
= 924
+1
𝑇𝑇
2𝑇𝑇21212 2 𝑇𝑇1212 17 11 6
ratio:
ratio: ratio:
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
12 𝑇𝑇 ==
12 12
212
+1 =
= 12
12= 1 1 = 1
ratio:
ratio:ratio: 𝑇𝑇7 =
12
ratio:
𝑇𝑇
=𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇7=
7 12
924
924=
== 92412 = 77
77 771
=
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
77 𝑇𝑇7 924
924924 77
77 77
𝑇𝑇7 924 77

Find: 2𝑥𝑥 2 in productofof1 1−−2𝑥𝑥2𝑥𝑥5 51 1 𝑥𝑥10𝑥𝑥10

Find: 1.1.The
The coefficient
coefficient ofof𝑥𝑥22of in 2thetheproduct 5++ 𝑥𝑥10
14
10
141414
Find:Find:
Find:
1. The
1.1.
TheThe coefficient
coefficient
coefficient of of
𝑥𝑥 in
𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥 in the product of 1 −552𝑥𝑥5
2 the in the
product product of of1 − 1 2𝑥𝑥
− 2𝑥𝑥 1 + 1 𝑥𝑥1
+ + 10
𝑥𝑥 10
14 Find: 1.2.
2. The
Find: The
The 1.coefficient
coefficient
coefficient
The coefficient of
of of 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 2
𝑥𝑥 in
ofin inthe
2
the
𝑥𝑥 thein product
expansion
expansion
the product of of 1 of −
of 1 2𝑥𝑥
1
+1 + 𝑥𝑥
− 𝑥𝑥
− 1
2𝑥𝑥− +
2𝑥𝑥 5
2𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥2
1 8
+8
𝑥𝑥 10
1414 14 2. The coefficient of
22
2
2𝑥𝑥 in the expansion of 1 + 𝑥𝑥 − 22 2𝑥𝑥
882 8
2 8
2. The
2. The
coefficient
coefficient
2. The2.coefficient
The coefficient of of
𝑥𝑥
of 𝑥𝑥 of in
𝑥𝑥 the
in
in 𝑥𝑥the the
expansion expansion
2 expansion of 1 + 𝑥𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑥
in the expansion of 1 + 𝑥𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑥 2 8 of of 1 + 1 𝑥𝑥
+ − 𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥
− 2𝑥𝑥
5 5 𝑟𝑟1𝑟𝑟1𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟𝑇𝑇1𝑟𝑟+1
1𝑇𝑇+1 == 5
55 =
𝐶𝐶51𝐶𝐶1−2𝐶𝐶−2 𝑟𝑟−2
𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟11𝑟𝑟1, 𝑟𝑟,1𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟,𝑇𝑇2𝑟𝑟+1
𝑟𝑟11𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟1𝑟𝑟11𝑥𝑥 ,𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥 2𝑇𝑇+1 == 10
1010 𝐶𝐶
10=
𝐶𝐶 10𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥2𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥
10𝑟𝑟2𝑟𝑟2𝐶𝐶
2 𝑟𝑟
2
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟11+1
𝑇𝑇+1 =
𝑟𝑟=
𝑟𝑟1 +11 +1 =
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟1 +1 = 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶1 𝐶𝐶
−2
−2
15
1−2
𝐶𝐶
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝑥𝑥
−2 𝑟𝑟 ,1 𝑇𝑇 ,
𝑇𝑇
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
𝑥𝑥××𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟,×𝑇𝑇
+1 𝑟𝑟 =
𝑟𝑟=
+12 +1 = 𝐶𝐶
𝐶𝐶
𝑟𝑟 𝐶𝐶
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟2 +1 = 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟2 𝑥𝑥 2 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥
10
𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥
222 2 𝑟𝑟
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
1 ==
𝑇𝑇=1𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟= 𝑇𝑇1𝑟𝑟+1 1
1𝑇𝑇+1
1𝑟𝑟
2 2 𝑇𝑇2𝑟𝑟+1
+1 2
2𝑇𝑇+1
𝑟𝑟
2 2 2
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1𝑇𝑇 𝑟𝑟+1= 𝑇𝑇
=
𝑇𝑇
𝑟𝑟 𝑇𝑇
5
+1 𝑟𝑟 ×𝑟𝑟×
+1 1 +1𝑇𝑇
10 ×
𝑇𝑇
𝑟𝑟 𝑇𝑇
+1 𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟2 +1
+1 𝑟𝑟1𝑟𝑟1 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟+𝑟𝑟
1 +𝑟𝑟
Expansion:
Expansion: Expansion: 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇=
𝑇𝑇 𝑟𝑟+1 =5𝑟𝑟11𝐶𝐶=
55 5 10 =
+1 𝐶𝐶
𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
10
15𝑇𝑇 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟
1𝐶𝐶
𝑟𝑟110+1 𝐶𝐶
2
10
𝑟𝑟 ×
2𝑟𝑟+1
𝐶𝐶
2 −2
2 𝑇𝑇−2
𝑟𝑟2𝑟𝑟−2
+1 𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥+𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
1
1 𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟 212
𝑟𝑟122+𝑟𝑟
+𝑟𝑟2
Expansion:Expansion:
Expansion: 𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇
Expansion: 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟+1 𝑟𝑟+1𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1= 𝑟𝑟+1
= =𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶 𝑟𝑟
1
𝐶𝐶 10
5
𝑟𝑟 𝐶𝐶
𝑟𝑟
𝐶𝐶
1
𝑟𝑟
2
𝐶𝐶10 −2
𝑟𝑟 −2 𝑟𝑟2−2 𝑟𝑟
1 1 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥1 1 𝑥𝑥
1
−2 𝑥𝑥 1+𝑟𝑟2
+𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 2
1𝑟𝑟1 +𝑟𝑟+ 𝑟𝑟12=
𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟= 2 22𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟+1 1=
𝑟𝑟 1 𝑟𝑟 22
𝑟𝑟 1
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟11+ 𝑟𝑟+1𝑟𝑟+
2 + 𝑟𝑟 1 = 2 2
Solution 𝑟𝑟12𝑟𝑟2 =𝑟𝑟=22 =
22
2
1 + 𝑟𝑟2 = 2
𝑟𝑟1𝑟𝑟1 00 11 22
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟11 𝑟𝑟1𝑟𝑟1𝑟𝑟 00 0 00 11 1 11 22 2 22
𝑟𝑟2𝑟𝑟2 1 2 2 11 00
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟22 𝑟𝑟2𝑟𝑟2𝑟𝑟 22 2 22 11 1 11 00 0 00
check
check check ✓✓✓
2
✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓
check
checkcheck ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓
check
Coeff.
Coeff. 𝑥𝑥222𝑥𝑥 2=
Coeff. =
2𝑥𝑥55 =
5 5 1010 10
25 𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶0𝐶𝐶 10
5010
𝐶𝐶2𝐶𝐶2𝐶𝐶−2
−2 00+
0−2
1515 15
+ 015
0+0 15 +15110
1010 𝐶𝐶
𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶10
1𝐶𝐶10
1 1𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶−2
𝐶𝐶 101−2 11+
−2
11
+ 11515
115 +𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶1010 𝐶𝐶
152
1521010𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶−2
𝐶𝐶 100−2
2 0𝐶𝐶
10
22 =
2−2
165
= 2165
=
2 =2 165 165
Coeff.
Coeff.
Coeff. 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
== = 𝐶𝐶
𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶10𝐶𝐶
0
𝐶𝐶
2 00 05 22 10 𝐶𝐶 −2
−22 −2 + + 𝐶𝐶
𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶
0 11 15
Coeff. 𝑥𝑥 = 𝐶𝐶0 𝐶𝐶2 −2 + 𝐶𝐶1 𝐶𝐶1 −2 + 𝐶𝐶2 𝐶𝐶0 −2 = 165
2 1𝐶𝐶
𝐶𝐶
11 −2
−2
101
1−2 ++ 15𝐶𝐶
+ 𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶
1 22 15 2𝐶𝐶
𝐶𝐶
00 −2
−2
100
0−2 = =2 165
165

12
Session one Algebra
8
2) 1 + 𝑥𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑥 2 8 = 1 + 𝑥𝑥 1 − 2𝑥𝑥
8
2) 1 + 𝑥𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑥 2 8 = 1 + 𝑥𝑥 1 − 82𝑥𝑥
2)
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+11 =+ 𝑥𝑥8 −𝑟𝑟 2𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥218−=2𝑥𝑥 1 +𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 18 𝐶𝐶 −𝑟𝑟 2𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟
− 2𝑥𝑥8 𝑟𝑟 = 8 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟 { 𝑟𝑟 𝐶𝐶𝑚𝑚 −2 𝑚𝑚 𝑥𝑥 𝑚𝑚 }
2) 18𝐶𝐶+ 𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟 − 2𝑥𝑥 2 8𝑚𝑚= =1𝑟𝑟+𝑚𝑚 +𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥1 −12𝑥𝑥
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇=𝑟𝑟+1 = 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 8 𝐶𝐶𝑚𝑚 𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥−2 1 − 𝑟𝑟2𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 = 8 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟 1 8− 2𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟 = 8 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟 { 𝑟𝑟 𝐶𝐶𝑚𝑚 −2 𝑚𝑚 𝑥𝑥 𝑚𝑚 }
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇 82) 1 +
=𝑟𝑟+1𝐶𝐶= 𝑟𝑟 8 𝑥𝑥8 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥1𝑟𝑟−− 𝑟𝑟 2𝑥𝑥
𝐶𝐶2𝑥𝑥
𝑚𝑚
2 8
−2 ==𝑚𝑚1 8 + 𝑟𝑟+𝑚𝑚
𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥
𝑟𝑟
𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥81 − 1− 2𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟2𝑥𝑥
𝑟𝑟
= 8𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥8𝑟𝑟𝒓𝒓{ 𝑟𝑟 𝐶𝐶𝑚𝑚 𝑟𝑟 −2 𝑟𝑟
𝟎𝟎 𝑚𝑚 𝑥𝑥 𝑚𝑚 } 𝟏𝟏
𝑚𝑚 𝑚𝑚
𝟐𝟐
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+18 = 𝐶𝐶 𝑥𝑥 1 − 2𝑥𝑥 = 𝐶𝐶 𝑥𝑥 1 − 2𝑥𝑥 = 𝐶𝐶 𝑥𝑥 { 𝐶𝐶 −2 𝑥𝑥 }
≤ 𝑟𝑟=≤ 8𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟, 𝑟𝑟0𝐶𝐶
0𝑟𝑟+1
𝑇𝑇 𝑟𝑟
≤ 𝑟𝑟𝑚𝑚 −2≤𝑚𝑚𝑟𝑟 ,𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟+𝑚𝑚 𝑚𝑚𝑟𝑟 + 𝑚𝑚 =𝑟𝑟 2 𝑚𝑚𝑟𝑟 𝒓𝒓 0𝑚𝑚 𝟎𝟎 1 𝟏𝟏 0 𝟐𝟐
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 = 8 𝑚𝑚 𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶 −2 𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟+𝑚𝑚
2𝑥𝑥 0𝑟𝑟 = 8 𝒓𝒓 𝟎𝟎 −2 𝑚𝑚 𝑥𝑥𝟏𝟏𝑚𝑚 } 𝟐𝟐
2 8 𝑟𝑟
coefficient
0 ≤𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟+1 ≤of= 8𝑥𝑥 8,𝑟𝑟𝐶𝐶=𝑟𝑟0 𝑚𝑚𝑥𝑥𝐶𝐶11𝑚𝑚1−𝐶𝐶≤12𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟−2
≤ , = 1 8 8
𝑟𝑟++𝐶𝐶𝑚𝑚 𝑟𝑟 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥
𝑟𝑟2
2= 𝐶𝐶 210−−2 𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟𝑚𝑚
{𝒓𝒓𝑟𝑟 𝐶𝐶𝑚𝑚 0𝟎𝟎 ✓ 1𝟏𝟏 ✓ 0𝟐𝟐
8 𝑟𝑟 𝑚𝑚 𝑟𝑟+𝑚𝑚 check X
=≤
0 −16 ≤+𝑇𝑇828, =0 12
𝑟𝑟coefficient ≤of𝐶𝐶𝑚𝑚 𝑟𝑟 ≤
𝑥𝑥 =𝑚𝑚 ,𝐶𝐶1 𝑟𝑟1 𝐶𝐶+1 𝑚𝑚
2 𝐶𝐶 𝑟𝑟 8−2 𝑥𝑥−2 =2 1
+ 8 𝐶𝐶2 2 𝐶𝐶0 −2 0𝑚𝑚 0 1 0
0 ≤ 𝑟𝑟+1 𝑟𝑟 ≤ 8 2 , 0 8 ≤ 𝑚𝑚 1 ≤ 𝑟𝑟 , 1𝑟𝑟 +8𝑚𝑚 = 22 0 check 𝑚𝑚
𝒓𝒓 𝟎𝟎X0 𝟏𝟏✓
1 𝟐𝟐 ✓
0
coefficient
= −16of +𝑥𝑥28== 12 𝐶𝐶
2 1 81 1 𝐶𝐶 −2 + 𝐶𝐶
1 2 80 2 𝐶𝐶 −2 0
coefficient
0 28≤ 𝑟𝑟= ≤12 of 𝑥𝑥
8 , 0 the = 𝐶𝐶
≤ 𝑚𝑚third 𝐶𝐶 −2
1≤ 𝑟𝑟 1 , 𝑟𝑟 + 𝑚𝑚 = 22 + 𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶0 −2 check X ✓ ✓
= −16
If the +ratio between term and the fourth term incheck𝑚𝑚 expansion
the 0X of 1✓ 0✓
15 = −16 +
coefficient
6
28 = of 12 𝑥𝑥 2
= 8
𝐶𝐶 1
𝐶𝐶 −2 1
+ 8
𝐶𝐶 2
𝐶𝐶 −2 0

15
1 1 2
𝑥𝑥 If
+ the
1 ratio
according between to the
the third
descending term and the0fourth
power of 𝑥𝑥 is:term 5: 3,infind
check thethe
expansion
X value ✓ ofof
𝑥𝑥. ✓
=
15If the ratio −16
𝑥𝑥 between
+ 28 = 12
1 6 the third term and the fourth term in the expansion of
15 If the
𝑥𝑥 +ratio between
1 6 𝑥𝑥
according thetothird term and thepower
the descending fourthofterm 𝑥𝑥 is:in5:the expansion
3, find the value of of 𝑥𝑥.
15 𝑥𝑥 + If theaccording 1ratio 6
between to the the descending
third term power
and the of 𝑥𝑥 is:term
fourth 5: 3,infind the the value ofof𝑥𝑥.
expansion
15 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 + according to the descending power of 𝑥𝑥1 is: 5: 3, find the value of 𝑥𝑥.
𝑥𝑥 1 6
𝑥𝑥 + 𝑇𝑇3 according 𝑛𝑛 − 𝑟𝑟 +to1the2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 descending 6 − 3power + 1 of 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥is: 5:13, 3 find the value of 𝑥𝑥.
𝑥𝑥 = × = × =
𝑇𝑇4 𝑇𝑇3 𝑟𝑟𝑛𝑛 − 𝑟𝑟 + 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 1 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 36 − 3 + 11𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥5 3
=𝑟𝑟 +4 1 1 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 × 6 −=3 +20 × 1
𝑇𝑇3 𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛 − 𝑟𝑟 3 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 13 𝑥𝑥 1𝑥𝑥3 = 5
= 𝑇𝑇3 𝑛𝑛 −×𝑟𝑟×+=1 =
4 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
→ 𝑥𝑥 = 6 − 3×+ 1 = 𝑥𝑥 3
𝑇𝑇4 3 𝑟𝑟 3
𝑇𝑇= 𝑛𝑛 − 𝑟𝑟𝑥𝑥4+ 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 151 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
× 3 =3 6 −9 3 +20 1 𝑥𝑥× 𝑥𝑥5 =3
Solution
𝑇𝑇4 = 4 𝑟𝑟 1 ×3×= 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 =→ 20 𝑥𝑥 3= × 𝑥𝑥 = 5
𝑇𝑇4 × 𝑟𝑟34= 𝑥𝑥1 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 →53 𝑥𝑥 = 3 20 9 𝑥𝑥 5
In the second, third and the fourth 3 𝑥𝑥 terms
4×5 1=of3the→expansion 9
𝑥𝑥 = 20
16 𝑛𝑛 3 ×𝑥𝑥 power =5 of → 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥are 9
= 40,20,5
2𝑥𝑥 +In𝑦𝑦the according
second, third to the and descending
the fourth 3 𝑥𝑥terms 5 of the expansion
9
16Inrespectively,
16
the 2𝑥𝑥second,+ 𝑦𝑦 𝑛𝑛find third the
according and valuestheto fourthof each
the terms
descending of 𝑛𝑛,of 𝑥𝑥, the
𝑦𝑦.
power expansion
of 𝑥𝑥 are 40,20,5
In the second, third and the fourth terms of the expansion
16
𝑛𝑛
162𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦 In the according second, tothird
thevaluesdescending
and theof fourth power
of 𝑛𝑛, of
terms of 𝑦𝑦.
𝑥𝑥theare 40,20,5
expansion
16 respectively,
2𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦+ 𝑛𝑛𝑦𝑦 according
𝑛𝑛
find the
to the descending
each 𝑥𝑥,
power of 𝑥𝑥 are 40,20,5
respectively, find according
the valuestoofthe each descending
of 𝑛𝑛, 𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦.power of 𝑥𝑥 are 40,20,5
𝑇𝑇2 = 40 ,respectively, = 20, 𝑇𝑇4 =find
𝑇𝑇3respectively, 5find the the values
valuesofofeach eachof of𝑛𝑛,
𝑛𝑛,𝑥𝑥,
𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦.
𝑦𝑦.
𝑇𝑇2 = 40 , 𝑇𝑇3 = 20, 𝑇𝑇4 = 5
𝑇𝑇2 = 40 , 𝑇𝑇𝑻𝑻3𝟒𝟒 = 𝒏𝒏 −𝑇𝑇𝟑𝟑4 +
20, =𝟏𝟏5× 𝒚𝒚 = 𝟓𝟓 = 𝟏𝟏 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑 𝒏𝒏 − 𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏 𝒚𝒚 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏
𝑇𝑇2 = 40 = , 𝑇𝑇 =
𝑇𝑇2𝑻𝑻= 403, 𝑇𝑇3𝟑𝟑= 20,4𝑇𝑇𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐20, 𝑇𝑇 = 5 = × = =
𝟑𝟑 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 4 = 5𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
𝒏𝒏 − 𝟑𝟑 + 𝟏𝟏 𝒚𝒚 𝟓𝟓 𝟒𝟒 𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐 𝑻𝑻
𝟑𝟑 𝑻𝑻 𝟐𝟐𝒏𝒏 − 𝟐𝟐 +𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝒚𝒚 𝟐𝟐
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏
𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 𝑻𝑻𝒏𝒏𝟑𝟑 − ∴
=𝒚𝒚(𝒏𝒏
𝟑𝟑 + −
𝟏𝟏 𝟑𝟑
𝟐𝟐) 𝒚𝒚 ×
=
𝟏𝟏 𝟓𝟓 = 𝟏𝟏 =
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑 𝒏𝒏
𝑻𝑻 −=
𝟐𝟐
𝒚𝒚(𝒏𝒏
𝟐𝟐 +−𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏) 𝒚𝒚 𝟏𝟏×
=
= 𝟏𝟏 =
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝟐𝟐
= 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 𝒏𝒏𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 − ×
𝟑𝟑
−+
𝒏𝒏𝒚𝒚(𝒏𝒏 𝟏𝟏=
𝟑𝟑 −
+ 𝟏𝟏 𝒚𝒚 𝒚𝒚𝟏𝟏
𝟒𝟒 = 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 = 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑 𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 − ×++−
−𝒚𝒚(𝒏𝒏
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 = 𝒚𝒚𝒚𝒚 𝟏𝟏=𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟐
𝟏𝟏) 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟑 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐)𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒 𝑻𝑻 𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
= 𝟏𝟏 = 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 ××→=𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒== == 𝟐𝟐
𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑𝒏𝒏𝑻𝑻=− × ×=𝑰𝑰 == ==
=∴ 𝟐𝟐 =
𝟑𝟑 𝟐𝟐 −
𝒚𝒚(𝒏𝒏 =𝟑𝟑𝟐𝟐)
𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔
𝟑𝟑 𝟏𝟏 → 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝟐𝟐𝒚𝒚𝑻𝑻𝒏𝒏 −
𝟐𝟐 𝒚𝒚(𝒏𝒏 − 𝟐𝟐
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
𝟏𝟏) 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐
Solution 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 𝟒𝟒 𝒚𝒚(𝒏𝒏 − 𝟏𝟏) 𝟏𝟏
∴ 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝒏𝒏 −𝒚𝒚(𝒏𝒏 𝒚𝒚(𝒏𝒏
=− −𝟐𝟐)𝟐𝟐) 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐𝒚𝒚 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝒚𝒚(𝒏𝒏 =−
𝒏𝒏 − 𝟏𝟏 =𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝟏𝟏) 𝟏𝟏
∴ ∴𝟐𝟐 =𝟒𝟒𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔== →
𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 𝑰𝑰 4𝑦𝑦(𝑛𝑛−2) 6𝑥𝑥 == → 𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰
𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝒏𝒏 − 𝟐𝟐 = 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 →𝐼𝐼𝑰𝑰 𝟒𝟒 ÷𝟒𝟒𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 → =𝟐𝟐𝒚𝒚 𝒏𝒏 − 𝟏𝟏 = 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 → 𝟐𝟐 𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰𝟐𝟐
𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
𝒏𝒏 −𝒏𝒏 −𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐= =𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 →→𝑰𝑰 𝑰𝑰 2𝑦𝑦(𝑛𝑛−1)
4𝑦𝑦(𝑛𝑛−2)4𝑥𝑥 𝟐𝟐𝒚𝒚 6𝑥𝑥 𝒏𝒏
𝟐𝟐𝒚𝒚 𝒏𝒏−−𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 ==𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 →→𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰
2(𝑛𝑛 − 2) 3 𝐼𝐼 ÷ 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 4𝑦𝑦(𝑛𝑛−2)
→ 6𝑥𝑥
=
2𝑦𝑦(𝑛𝑛−1) 4𝑥𝑥
= 𝐼𝐼 ÷ →𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼4𝑛𝑛 →− 8 = 3𝑛𝑛
→ 4𝑦𝑦(𝑛𝑛−2)− =
4𝑦𝑦(𝑛𝑛−2)3 → ∴6𝑥𝑥 𝑛𝑛 = 5
6𝑥𝑥
𝑛𝑛 −2(𝑛𝑛1 − 2) 2 3𝐼𝐼 𝐼𝐼÷÷𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2𝑦𝑦(𝑛𝑛−1) → 2𝑦𝑦(𝑛𝑛−1) 4𝑥𝑥 =
= 4𝑥𝑥
2(𝑛𝑛 − 2) 𝑛𝑛2(𝑛𝑛
−− 32)= 2 3 → 4𝑛𝑛 − 82𝑦𝑦(𝑛𝑛−1)
1−2)
= 3𝑛𝑛 − 3 4𝑥𝑥→ ∴ 𝑛𝑛 = 5
2(𝑛𝑛 = 𝑛𝑛 → 34𝑛𝑛
𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛2 −=140𝑛𝑛=−21 𝐶𝐶=1=𝑦𝑦2𝑥𝑥→→4𝑛𝑛 − 84𝑛𝑛=
=−− 3𝑛𝑛
5𝑦𝑦88𝑥𝑥= −4 3𝑛𝑛
= 3= → − 3∴→ 𝑛𝑛 = 5
3→ → ∴𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
∴ 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛==55
𝑛𝑛−1
3𝑛𝑛 40
−
𝑛𝑛 −
𝑇𝑇2 from 1
= 40𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼= 𝐶𝐶12𝑦𝑦 2𝑛𝑛
𝑦𝑦 𝑥𝑥× 5 =
𝑛𝑛−1 −1 5𝑦𝑦 =𝑥𝑥 4𝑥𝑥
4
= 40 → 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝑛𝑛 → 2𝑦𝑦 𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛−1 𝑛𝑛−1 4 4
𝑇𝑇2 = 40𝑇𝑇2== 40 from 𝑥𝑥 𝐶𝐶1=𝑦𝑦𝑥𝑥
𝐶𝐶1 =𝑦𝑦𝑛𝑛𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 =
𝑥𝑥2𝑦𝑦 →×=
5𝑦𝑦 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝑥𝑥 5𝑦𝑦 5=−𝑥𝑥401 == →404𝑥𝑥𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
→ 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝑇𝑇2 = 40 = 𝐶𝐶1 𝑦𝑦 𝑥𝑥 𝑛𝑛−1 = 4 5𝑦𝑦 𝑥𝑥 41 ==40 → 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
fromfrom 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼from
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
2𝑦𝑦 5𝑦𝑦
× 2𝑦𝑦
2𝑦𝑦
5 −
→ 2𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 → 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼× 1=5 40
−
= 4𝑥𝑥 4𝑥𝑥
from 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 → 2𝑦𝑦2𝑦𝑦 = × 5 − 1 = 4𝑥𝑥
→ 2𝑦𝑦𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
from 5= 2𝑦𝑦
𝑥𝑥 → 5𝑦𝑦𝑥𝑥𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2𝑦𝑦
→ 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
4
= 405 1
80 𝑦𝑦→
from 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 = 40 = 𝑥𝑥 →→ 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
4 𝑦𝑦 =
from 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 5𝑦𝑦 52𝑦𝑦5𝑦𝑦 = 4 2𝑦𝑦40
4
= 40 2 5
1
from 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 80 𝑦𝑦 5=5𝑦𝑦4052𝑦𝑦1 = → 405𝑦𝑦 1= 5 1
from 80𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 𝑦𝑦 5 80
= 40 = 240→ 𝑦𝑦→= 𝑦𝑦 = 5 21
𝑦𝑦𝑥𝑥 =
2
80 𝑦𝑦 5 = 40 2 5 → 1 𝑦𝑦2=
from 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 𝑥𝑥5 =1 2 5 1 2
from 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 𝑥𝑥 = 2 2
from 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 𝑥𝑥 = 2 5 21
from 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 𝑥𝑥 =2 2
2

13
 Algebra Session one
classwork&Homework

17 In the expansion of 1 + 𝑥𝑥 𝑛𝑛 according to the ascending power of x . If twice the

17
coefficient of 𝑇𝑇6 = the coefficient of 𝑇𝑇5 + the coefficient of 𝑇𝑇7 , find the value of 𝑛𝑛.
In the expansion of 1 + 𝑥𝑥 𝑛𝑛 according to the ascending power of x . If twice the
17 In the expansion of 1 + 𝑥𝑥 𝑛𝑛 according to the ascending power of x . If twice the
2𝑇𝑇
176 = 𝑇𝑇5 + 𝑇𝑇7
coefficient ÷ 𝑇𝑇6of 𝑇𝑇6 = the coefficient of 𝑇𝑇5 + the coefficient of 𝑇𝑇7 , find the value of 𝑛𝑛.
coefficient
In the expansion of 𝑇𝑇6 =𝑇𝑇ofthe1𝑇𝑇coefficient
+ 𝑥𝑥 𝑛𝑛 according of 𝑇𝑇5 +to5 the
thecoefficient
ascending
𝑛𝑛 − 6 + 1 of 𝑇𝑇7 , find
power of xthe
. Ifvalue
twiceof
the𝑛𝑛.
17 2 =
5
+
7
⇒ 2 = +
2𝑇𝑇coefficient
= 𝑇𝑇 + 𝑇𝑇 of 𝑇𝑇6 ÷ 𝑇𝑇=𝑇𝑇the𝑇𝑇coefficient of𝑛𝑛 𝑇𝑇−5 5 ++ the1 coefficient 6 of 𝑇𝑇7 , find the value of 𝑛𝑛.
2𝑇𝑇6 =6 𝑇𝑇5 +5 𝑇𝑇7 7 ÷ 𝑇𝑇66 6 6 5
𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇7𝑛𝑛 − 5 5 𝑛𝑛 − 6 + 1
2𝑇𝑇6 = 𝑇𝑇5 + 𝑇𝑇7 ÷ 2𝑇𝑇26= 𝑇𝑇5 5 𝑇𝑇
2== +7+ ⇒ 2× = 6 5𝑛𝑛 − 4 𝑛𝑛 +− 6 + 1
𝑛𝑛 𝑇𝑇+
−6 4 𝑇𝑇6 ⇒6 2 = 𝑛𝑛 − 5 ++ 1 6
12 𝑛𝑛 − 4 = 30 + 𝑛𝑛 − 5 2𝑛𝑛=−𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇645 +𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇67 5⇒ 2𝑛𝑛=−𝑛𝑛 5− 55+ 1 + 𝑛𝑛 −66 + 1
12𝑛𝑛 − 48 = 30 + 𝑛𝑛2 − 4𝑛𝑛 − 5𝑛𝑛𝑇𝑇 2 =𝑇𝑇65 𝑛𝑛
+− 5 𝑛𝑛 − 5× 6 𝑛𝑛 − 4
26+=20 𝑛𝑛 −+ 4 6 × + 6 1𝑛𝑛 − 4 6
2
𝑛𝑛 − 21𝑛𝑛 12 +𝑛𝑛 98− 4= = 0 30 + 𝑛𝑛 − 5 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛−−44 5 𝑛𝑛 6− 5
Solution 12 𝑛𝑛 − 4 = 30 + 𝑛𝑛 − 2 =4 + × 6 𝑛𝑛 − 4
2 5 𝑛𝑛 −
12𝑛𝑛 − 48 = 30 +2𝑛𝑛 − 4𝑛𝑛 − 5𝑛𝑛 + 20 6𝑛𝑛 = 7𝑛𝑛 =
𝑛𝑛 −14, 4
12𝑛𝑛 − 48
12𝑛𝑛2𝑛𝑛−−21𝑛𝑛4 == 30 + 𝑛𝑛 − 4𝑛𝑛 − 5𝑛𝑛 + 20
2 + 30
98 += 0𝑛𝑛 − 5 𝑛𝑛 − 4
𝑛𝑛12𝑛𝑛− 21𝑛𝑛
− 48+=98 30=+0𝑛𝑛2 − 4𝑛𝑛 − 5𝑛𝑛 + 20 𝑛𝑛 = 14, 𝑛𝑛 = 7
𝑛𝑛2 − 21𝑛𝑛 + 98 = 0 10
𝑛𝑛 = 14, 𝑛𝑛 = 7
In the expansion 2𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 according to the descending power of x :
𝑛𝑛 = 14, 𝑛𝑛 = 7
18 1. Find the numerical value of the greatest term at 𝑥𝑥 = 3, 𝑦𝑦 = 2
2. FindInthe thenumerical
expansionvalue 2𝑥𝑥 −of3𝑦𝑦the
10
greatest
10
according termtoatthe 𝑥𝑥 = 1, 𝑦𝑦 = 3 power of x :
descending
3. In the expansion 2𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 according to the descending power of x :
18The 1. greatest coefficient
Find the numerical value value in the expansion.
of the greatest term at 𝑥𝑥 = 3, 𝑦𝑦 = 2
18 18 1.InFind
18 2.
the
2.
Find
1.3.
Find
Find
the numerical
expansion
the
the numerical
the numerical
numerical
2𝑥𝑥 value
− 3𝑦𝑦
value
value
of
10 the greatest term at 𝑥𝑥 = 3, 𝑦𝑦 = 2
value according
of
of
of the greatest
the
the
The greatest coefficient value in the expansion.
greatest
greatest
to the
term
term
descending
term
at
at
at 𝑥𝑥 = 1, power
𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 =
= 1,
3,
𝑦𝑦 = 3 of x :
𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 =
= 32
1) At 𝑥𝑥 3. =2.The 𝑦𝑦 greatest
3,Find =the coefficient
2 numerical value value
of the in the expansion.
greatest term at 𝑥𝑥 = 1, 𝑦𝑦 = 3
3. The greatest coefficient value𝑇𝑇in the expansion.
𝑟𝑟+2
1) At 𝑇𝑇𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟+1= 3, 𝑦𝑦 = 2 ≤1
1) At 𝑥𝑥 =𝑇𝑇 3, 𝑦𝑦 ≥=1 2 𝑇𝑇
10−𝑟𝑟−1+1
𝑟𝑟+1
6
𝑟𝑟
× 6𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+2
≤1 Greatest term
1) At10−𝑟𝑟+1
𝑥𝑥 = 3, × 𝑦𝑦 ≥
6 = 2
1 𝑟𝑟+1
≤1
𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇
10−𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟+2 ∴ 𝑟𝑟 = 5
𝑟𝑟 6 𝑟𝑟+1
≥1 ≤ 1𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1≤ 1
11 − 𝑟𝑟𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 ≥ 𝑟𝑟𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟≥ 1 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
𝑟𝑟+110−𝑟𝑟−1+1
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+2 6× 6 ≤ 1 𝑇𝑇6 = 10
−3 × 2 5term
𝐶𝐶5 Greatest
𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟
10−𝑟𝑟+1
2𝑟𝑟10−𝑟𝑟+1
≤ 11 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 6× 6 ≥ 1
10−𝑟𝑟−1+1
10 − 𝑟𝑟 ≤ 𝑟𝑟+1 𝑟𝑟 +×1≤ 1≤6 1 2 Greatest
× 3 5∴ 𝑟𝑟term
𝑟𝑟 × ≥≥ 1 𝑟𝑟+1𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 =5
𝑟𝑟 ≤ 𝑟𝑟5.5𝑇𝑇 61 2𝑟𝑟 ≥10−𝑟𝑟
10−𝑟𝑟−1+1910−𝑟𝑟 6≤6 1 𝑇𝑇6 = −6 10∴ 10
×𝑟𝑟10𝐶𝐶
=𝐶𝐶5term
≤×16 ≤ 1 𝑇𝑇6 Greatest
𝑟𝑟 5
10−𝑟𝑟+1 11 −6𝑟𝑟6 ≥ 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 ≥10 4.5
𝑟𝑟+1 = 5 5−3 × 52
𝑟𝑟 ∈ 5,4, 11 − 𝑟𝑟×≥ 𝑟𝑟≥ 1 𝑟𝑟+1
𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇6 = 10∴𝐶𝐶5𝑟𝑟 −3 × 2
𝑟𝑟 … 2𝑟𝑟 ≤6 11 − 𝑟𝑟 ≤ 𝑟𝑟 + 1
10−𝑟𝑟
10 −…𝑟𝑟, 10 ≤≤𝑟𝑟 +
11 2× = 35 5
2𝑟𝑟 ≤ 𝑟𝑟11 𝑟𝑟 ∈ 5,6, 2𝑟𝑟 ≥ 9 𝑇𝑇6 𝑇𝑇 2 × 310
=6 10
5
−3××102 𝐶𝐶55
11 − 𝑟𝑟 ≤ ≥5.5𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟+1
= 𝐶𝐶
−65
𝑟𝑟
2) 𝑥𝑥 = 1, 𝑦𝑦 = 3 𝑟𝑟2𝑟𝑟∈ ≤5,4, ≤ 5.5 11 … 10 2𝑟𝑟
− 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟≥≥
≤94.5
𝑟𝑟 + 1 𝑇𝑇6 = −6 10 10
2 × 3× 5 𝐶𝐶5
𝑟𝑟 ∈𝑟𝑟 5,4, … 𝑟𝑟 2𝑟𝑟
≥ 4.5
≥ 9
≤ 5.5 𝑟𝑟 ∈ 5,6, … , 10 𝑇𝑇6 = −610 × 10 𝐶𝐶5
𝑟𝑟 ∈ 5,6,𝑟𝑟 ≥ … , 10
4.5
1, 𝑦𝑦𝑟𝑟 ≥
2) 𝑥𝑥 =𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 =135,4, …
∈ 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+2
𝑟𝑟 ∈≤5,6,1 … , 10 greatest terms are:
2) 𝑥𝑥 = 1, 𝑦𝑦 𝑇𝑇 = 3 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇9
Solution 10−𝑟𝑟+1 9
𝑟𝑟
11−𝑟𝑟 2 10−𝑟𝑟+1 9 10−𝑟𝑟 2
2)𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 =× 1, 2
𝑦𝑦 1= →
≥ 3𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1𝑟𝑟+1 ≥ 9 𝑟𝑟
× 2 ≥ 1 →𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+2𝑟𝑟+1 ≥ 9 = 10 𝐶𝐶8 −3 × 3 8 2 × 1 2
greatest terms are:
≥1 ≤1 = 4× 98 × 10
greatest 𝐶𝐶8 are:
terms
2𝑟𝑟 ≤ 99𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1− 9𝑟𝑟 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟≥ 1 2𝑟𝑟 + 2 ≥ 𝑇𝑇90 𝑟𝑟+2𝑇𝑇− 9𝑟𝑟1
≤
𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇9
10−𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇 9
𝑟𝑟 11−𝑟𝑟 2 10−𝑟𝑟+1 𝑇𝑇𝑟𝑟+1
9 10−𝑟𝑟 2 𝑇𝑇
𝑟𝑟 ≤9×𝑇𝑇99
𝑟𝑟+1≥ 1 → 2≥ 10−𝑟𝑟+1 11 𝑟𝑟 ≥ 9×𝑇𝑇88
𝑟𝑟+2≥ 1 → 2≥ 9 =greatest
10
𝐶𝐶8 −3terms×83 8are: 2 ×21 2
21 ≥ 111−𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟+1 𝑟𝑟 × 𝑇𝑇≥2 1 ≤ 110−𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟+1
10−𝑟𝑟+1
𝑟𝑟 × ≥ → ≥ → ≥ 9 = 10 𝐶𝐶𝑇𝑇810−3 = × 3 2 × 𝐶𝐶18
9
𝑟𝑟 ≤ 9 𝑟𝑟, 𝑟𝑟 ∈ 22𝑟𝑟 𝑇𝑇
9,8,7,
𝑟𝑟 … , 0𝑟𝑟+1
9𝑟𝑟 92 r ≥10−𝑟𝑟+18 , 𝑟𝑟2𝑟𝑟∈2 +𝑟𝑟+1
𝑟𝑟 8,9,10 𝑟𝑟+1 − 9𝑟𝑟 9210 𝐶𝐶9 𝑇𝑇−3 = 49 ×8 9 × 8 10
10−𝑟𝑟+1 9 ≤ 99 −11−𝑟𝑟 9 2 ≥ 90 10−𝑟𝑟 9
= × 4 3× 9 2 × 1101
𝐶𝐶
2𝑟𝑟
×≤ ≥ 991−→9𝑟𝑟 ≥9 2𝑟𝑟 +
× 2211 ≥ 𝑟𝑟190≥→−889𝑟𝑟 ≥ = 𝐶𝐶 −3 × 3 2 × 1 2
10 8 8
𝑟𝑟 2 𝑟𝑟 ≤ 99𝑟𝑟+1 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟+1 9 = −2 × 989 × 10 𝐶𝐶9 10
𝑟𝑟 ≤ 99 11 𝑟𝑟 ≥ 88− 9𝑟𝑟 = 4 × 98𝑇𝑇10 × = 𝐶𝐶8
𝑟𝑟 ≤ 2𝑟𝑟
9 ,≤𝑟𝑟99 ∈ −9,8,7,
9𝑟𝑟 … , 0 2𝑟𝑟
r ≥+82 ,≥𝑟𝑟 90 ∈ 8,9,10 10 𝑇𝑇 =
10× 3 9 2 × 1 1
𝑟𝑟 ≤ 9 , 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟∈ ≤ 9,8,7, … , 0 r ≥ 8 , 𝑟𝑟 ∈ 8,9,10 𝐶𝐶 −3
3) greatest Coeff. Put 𝑥𝑥 99 11 𝑟𝑟 ≥ 88 10 9
= 1 , 𝑦𝑦 = 1 𝐶𝐶9 =−3 −2×𝑇𝑇×3 99=9 2 ×10
× 1 𝐶𝐶1
10
𝑟𝑟 ≤ 9 , 𝑟𝑟10 ∈ 9,8,7, … , 0 r ≥ 8 , 𝑟𝑟 ∈ 8,9,10 =𝐶𝐶−2−3
10 ×× 9 10
9 3×9 2 𝐶𝐶 9
𝑇𝑇𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 = 2 − 3 =1 9 ×9 1 1
3) greatest Coeff. Put 𝑥𝑥 = 1 , 𝑦𝑦 = 1 = −2 × 99 × 10
𝐶𝐶9
3) greatest Coeff. Put 10 𝑥𝑥 = 1 , 𝑦𝑦 = 1
𝑇𝑇𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 = 2 − 10
3 =1
𝑇𝑇3) greatest
𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 = 2 − 3
Coeff. =
Put 𝑥𝑥 1= 1 , 𝑦𝑦 = 1
𝑇𝑇𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 = 2 − 3 10 = 1

14
 classwork&Homework
SECONDARY THREE MATH
THREE
Session 1 – Classwork
Session 1
THREE

Answer The Following Questions:

Answer The Following Questions:

𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
01
1- In the expansion of : (𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟐𝟐 − ) , find the tenth term from the end. according to the
𝒙𝒙
descending power of 𝒙𝒙

02
2- Find the 𝟓𝟓𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 term according to the ascending power of 𝒙𝒙 in the expansion of :
(𝟒𝟒 𝟒 𝟒𝟒)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 − 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏.𝑪𝑪𝟏𝟏 (𝟒𝟒 𝟒 𝟒𝟒)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 (𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏) + 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏.𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐 (𝟒𝟒 𝟒 𝟒𝟒)𝟗𝟗 (𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐 −……………−(𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

03
3- In the expansion of : (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏)𝟗𝟗 according to the ascending power of 𝒙𝒙 , if the coefficient of
the third term is 144 and the value of the seventh term is 84 , find the value of each of : 𝒎𝒎
and 𝒙𝒙 where 𝒎𝒎 is a positive integer.

04
4- Find to the nearest 4-decimal places : (𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎)𝟔𝟔 − (𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗)𝟔𝟔 using binomial theorem.

𝟐𝟐 𝟖𝟖
05
5- If the middle term in the expansion of : (𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟐𝟐 + 𝒙𝒙−𝟏𝟏 ) equals 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 , what is the value of :
𝟑𝟑
𝒙𝒙 ?

06
6- Find the middle term in the expansion of : (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 − (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 .

7- If the two middle terms in the expansion of :

07
𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕
(𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟐)𝟕𝟕 +𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟐𝟐 (𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟐)𝟔𝟔 + 𝒙𝒙𝟒𝟒 (𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟐)𝟓𝟓 +…………+𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 are equal , find the value of : 𝒙𝒙
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

𝒙𝒙 𝟑𝟑 𝟖𝟖
8- In the expansion of : ( − ) according to the descending power of 𝒙𝒙 , find the coefficient
08 𝟑𝟑 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
of 𝒙𝒙−𝟔𝟔
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
09
9- Find the term free of 𝒙𝒙 in the expansion of : (𝒙𝒙𝒙 𝟑𝟑 ) according to the descending power
𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
of 𝒙𝒙
𝒙𝒙 𝟗𝟗 𝒙𝒙 𝒚𝒚 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
10
10- Find the coefficient of ( ) in the expansion of : ( + ) according to the descending
𝒚𝒚 𝒚𝒚 𝒙𝒙
power of 𝒙𝒙

𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
1111- In the expansion of : (𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟐) − (𝒙𝒙𝒙 𝟏𝟏𝒙𝒙) , find the term containing 𝒙𝒙𝟒𝟒

15
 classwork&Homework
SECONDARY THREE MATH
𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐
THREE
12
12- Find the coefficient of 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 in the expansion of : 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝒙𝒙𝟒𝟒 ( + 𝟑𝟑 ) according to the
𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙
descending power of 𝒙𝒙 THREE

𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
13
13- In the expansion of : (𝒙𝒙𝑲𝑲 + )
𝒙𝒙
where 𝑲𝑲 𝑲 𝑲+ , find :
1. The values of 𝑲𝑲 that make the expansion has a term free of 𝒙𝒙
2. The ratio between the term free of 𝒙𝒙 and the coefficient of the middle term for the
biggest value of 𝑲𝑲 you got from (1)

14
14- Find : 1. The coefficient of 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 in the product of (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏)𝟓𝟓 (𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
2. The coefficient of 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 in the expansion of : (𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟐 )𝟖𝟖

𝟏𝟏 𝟔𝟔
15
15- If the ratio between the third term and the fourth term in the expansion of (√𝒙𝒙 + )
√𝒙𝒙
according to the descending power of 𝒙𝒙 is ∶ 𝟑𝟑 , find the value of 𝒙𝒙

16
16- In the second , third and the fourth terms of the expansion (𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 + 𝒚𝒚)𝒏𝒏 according to the
descending power of 𝒙𝒙 are 40 , 20 , 5 respectively , find the values of each of 𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏.

17
17- In the expansion of (𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏)𝒏𝒏 according to the ascending power of .
If twice the coefficient of 𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔 = the coefficient of 𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓 + the coefficient of 𝑻𝑻𝟕𝟕 , find the value of
𝒏𝒏

18
18- In the expansion (𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 according to the descending power of :
1. Find the numerical value of the greatest term at 𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙
2. Find the numerical value of the greatest term at 𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙
3. The greatest coefficient value in the expansion.

𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝒃𝒃 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖
19
19- If the middle term in the expansion of : ( + 𝟐𝟐 )
𝟑𝟑 𝒂𝒂
is the ninth term , then : 𝒏𝒏 𝒏…………

a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

20
20- In the expansion of : (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃)𝟗𝟗 according to the ascending powers of 𝒙𝒙 , the coefficient of
the sixth term is ………

a) 𝟗𝟗.𝑪𝑪𝟓𝟓 b) 𝟗𝟗.𝑪𝑪𝟔𝟔 c) 𝟗𝟗.𝑪𝑪𝟓𝟓 𝒃𝒃𝟓𝟓 d) 𝟗𝟗.𝑪𝑪𝟔𝟔 𝒃𝒃𝟔𝟔

16 2
 classwork&Homework
SECONDARY THREE MATH
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
21
21- The coefficient of the middle term in the expansion of : (𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 − )
THREE
𝟔𝟔
equals ……..
𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔
a) − b) − c) d) THREE
𝟖𝟖 𝟖𝟖 𝟖𝟖 𝟖𝟖

22
22- The sum of coefficients of the terms of the expansion : (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟐 )𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 =……….

a) -1 b) 1 c) 0 d) 2017

23- The product of coefficients of terms of the expansion of : (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏)𝟓𝟓 equals ……….
23

a) zero b) 2 c) 250 d) 2500

24
24- In the expansion of a binomial , it has 7 positive terms and 6 negative terms , then the
expansion is in the form of : ……..

a) (𝒂𝒂 𝒂 𝒂𝒂)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 b) (𝒂𝒂 𝒂 𝒂𝒂)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 c) (𝒂𝒂 𝒂 𝒂𝒂)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 d) (𝒂𝒂 𝒂 𝒂𝒂)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

25
25- The last term in the expansion of : (𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟐)𝟓𝟓 (𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟐)𝟓𝟓 is ……….

a) 𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓 b) −𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓 c) −𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 d) 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

26
26- If the coefficients of the sixth and sixteenth terms in the expansion of : (𝒙𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙)𝒏𝒏 are equals ,
then : 𝒏𝒏 𝒏………..

a) 19 b) 20 c) 21 d) 22

27
27- In the expansion of : (𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 +𝒃𝒃)𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐+𝟏𝟏 , if the two middle terms are equals at 𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙 , then : ……..

𝟏𝟏
a) 𝒂𝒂 𝒂 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 b) 𝒃𝒃𝒃 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 c) 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 = 𝟐𝟐 d) 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 =
𝟐𝟐

28
28- In the expansion of (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 according to the ascending powers of 𝒙𝒙 , if the coefficient of
𝑻𝑻𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓 is equal to the coefficient of 𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐+𝟑𝟑 , then 𝒓𝒓 𝒓………

a) 3 b) 4 c) 17 d) 7

𝟓𝟓 𝟓𝟓
29
29- The expression : (√𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏) − (√𝟐𝟐 − 𝟏𝟏) =…………

a) 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓√𝟐𝟐 b) −𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓√𝟐𝟐 c) −𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 d) 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖

3
17
 classwork&Homework
SECONDARY THREE MATH
30
30- In the expansion of : (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏)𝒏𝒏 = 𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 +𝒂𝒂𝟑𝟑 𝒙𝒙𝟑𝟑 +𝒂𝒂𝟒𝟒 𝒙𝒙𝟒𝟒 +……….+𝒂𝒂𝒏𝒏 𝒙𝒙𝒏𝒏 and
THREE
𝒂𝒂𝟐𝟐 +𝒂𝒂𝟑𝟑
= 𝟑𝟑 , then : 𝒏𝒏 𝒏……….
𝒂𝒂𝟐𝟐 THREE

a) 4 b) 6 c) 8 d) 9

𝟓𝟓 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 𝟐𝟐 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 𝟑𝟑 𝟏𝟏
31
31- If 𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝒙𝒙𝒙
𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
𝒙𝒙 +
𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖
𝒙𝒙 +……….+ 𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
, then : 𝒙𝒙𝒙………….

a) 5 b) 4 c) 6 d) 8

32
32- Number of terms in the expansion (𝒙𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙)𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 + (𝒙𝒙 𝒙 𝒙𝒙)𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 after reducing is ………….

a) 1000 b) 2000 c) 2001 d) 1001

33
33- Number of terms in the expansion (𝒙𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 + (𝒙𝒙 𝒙 𝒙𝒙)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 after reducing is ………….

a) 15 b) 17 c) 30 d) 32

34 . 𝟏𝟏 + 𝟐𝟐 × .𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐 +……….+𝟐𝟐 × 𝒓𝑪𝑪𝒓𝒓 +…….+𝟐𝟐 × 𝒏𝑪𝑪𝒏𝒏 =……………

34- 𝒏𝒏.𝑪𝑪𝟎𝟎 + 𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟐
𝒏𝒏 𝟐𝟐 𝒏𝒏 𝒓𝒓 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏 𝒏𝒏

a) 𝟓𝟓𝒏𝒏 b) 𝟔𝟔𝒏𝒏 c) 𝟒𝟒𝒏𝒏 d) 𝟑𝟑𝒏𝒏

𝟗𝟗
35 𝟏𝟏
35- The fourth term from the end of the expansion of : 𝒙𝒙𝟒𝟒 (𝒙𝒙 𝒙 )
𝒙𝒙
according to the descending
powers of 𝒙𝒙

36
36- The fifth term in the expansion :
(𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟑𝟑)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 − 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏.𝑪𝑪𝟏𝟏 (𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟑𝟑)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐) + 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏.𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐 (𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟑𝟑)𝟗𝟗 (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐)𝟐𝟐 −………..−(𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
according to the ascending powers of 𝒙𝒙

37
37- 𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 + 𝟖𝟖𝟐𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 +……….+𝒙𝒙𝟖𝟖 = 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

𝟑𝟑 𝟗𝟗
38 𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙
38- The two middle terms in the expansion of : ( + ) are equal.
𝒙𝒙 𝟖𝟖

𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
39 𝟏𝟏
39- The term free of 𝒙𝒙 in the expansion of : (𝒙𝒙 𝒙 ) according to the descending powers of 𝒙𝒙 is
𝒙𝒙
…………

a) 𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓 b) 𝑻𝑻𝟕𝟕 c) 𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔 d) 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒

18
 classwork&Homework
SECONDARY THREE MATH
𝟏𝟏 𝒏𝒏
40
40- If the term free of 𝒙𝒙 in the expansion of : (𝒙𝒙 𝒙 ) according to the descending powers of 𝒙𝒙
THREE 𝒙𝒙
is 𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓 , then 𝒏𝒏 𝒏…….. THREE

a) 6 b) 8 c) 10 d) 12

41
41- From the expansion of : 𝒙𝒙𝟑𝟑 (𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏)𝟖𝟖 the coefficient of the term containing 𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓 is …….

a) 8 b) 28 c) 56 d) 70

𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
42
42- In the expansion of : (𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 ) according to the descending powers of 𝒙𝒙 , if the term free
𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃
of 𝒙𝒙 equals the coefficient of the seventh term , then : …………

𝟔𝟔 𝟓𝟓 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
a) 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 = b) 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 = c) 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 = d) 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 =
𝟓𝟓 𝟔𝟔 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑

43
43- The coefficients of 𝒙𝒙𝒏𝒏 , 𝒙𝒙𝒎𝒎 in the expansion of (𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏)𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎 ……….

a) are equal
b) are equal but they have different sign
c) multiplicative inverse of each other.
d) one of them half the other.

𝒍𝒍 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
44
44- In the expansion of : (𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 + 𝟑𝟑 ) , if the coefficient of 𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓 equals the coefficient of 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 , find
𝒙𝒙
the value of 𝒍𝒍 where 𝒍𝒍 is positive.

𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
45
45- In the expansion of : (𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + ) , find the ratio between the term free of 𝒙𝒙 and the sum of
𝒙𝒙
the coefficients of the two middle terms.

46
46- Find the coefficient of 𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓 in the expansion of : (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟐 )(𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

47
47- In the expansion of : (𝒙𝒙 𝒙 𝒙𝒙)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 according to the descending powers of 𝒙𝒙 , the ninth term :
the eighth term equals ………..

𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖

a) b) c) d)
𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑

19
 classwork&Homework
SECONDARY THREE MATH
48
48- In the expansion of : (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 according to the ascending powers of 𝒙𝒙 , the coefficient of
THREE
sixth term : the coefficient of fifth term equals ………
THREE
𝟖𝟖 𝟓𝟓 𝟖𝟖 𝟓𝟓
a) b) c) − d) −
𝟓𝟓 𝟖𝟖 𝟓𝟓 𝟖𝟖

49
49- In the expansion of (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 according to the ascending powers of 𝒙𝒙 , if the ratio between
the first middle term : the second middle term = 3 : 1 , then 𝒙𝒙 𝒙………….

𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
a) 4 b) 3 c) d)
𝟑𝟑 𝟒𝟒

50
50- In the expansion of (𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 − 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 according to the descending powers of 𝒂𝒂 , if the ratio
𝟑𝟑
between the two middle terms respectively equals − , then 𝒂𝒂 𝒂 𝒂𝒂𝒂……..
𝟐𝟐

a) 9 : 4 b) 4 : 9 c) 1 d) -1

51
51- The two consecutive terms in the expansion of (𝟑𝟑 𝟑 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐)𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕 according to the ascending
powers of 𝒙𝒙 that have equal coefficients are ………

a) 𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 , 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 b) 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 , 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 c) 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 , 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 d) 𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 , 𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

52
52- The term which have the greatest coefficient in the expansion of (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 according to the
ascending powers of 𝒙𝒙 is ………..

a) 𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 b) 𝑻𝑻𝟓𝟓 c) 𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔 d) 𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

53
53- The greatest coefficient in the expansion of (𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 + 𝒚𝒚)𝟖𝟖 equals ………

a) 1120 b) 448 c) 1792 d) 1028

54
54- If the middle term of the expansion of (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏)𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 according to the ascending powers of 𝒙𝒙 is
equal to twice the seventh term , find the value of 𝒙𝒙

𝒙𝒙 𝟗𝟗
55- In the expansion of (𝟐𝟐𝟐 )
55 𝟑𝟑
1. Find the value of 𝒙𝒙 which makes the two middle terms equal.
2. Without finding the expansion , find the value of the greatest coefficient.

20
6
 classwork&Homework
SECONDARY THREE MATH
56
56- In the expansion of (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏)𝟖𝟖 according to the ascending powers of 𝒙𝒙 , if 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟓 = 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 +𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔 ,
THREE
find the value of 𝒙𝒙.
THREE
57 In the expansion of (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏)𝒏𝒏 according to the ascending powers of 𝒙𝒙 ,
57-
if 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 , 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟐𝟐 × 𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 = 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 , then find the value of each : 𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏

𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝟐𝟐 𝒏𝒏
58 If the ratio among the fifth , sixth and seventh terms in the expansion of (
58- + )
𝟐𝟐 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
according to the descending powers of 𝒙𝒙 is 40 : 24 : 11 , find the value of 𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏

59 In the expansion of (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏)𝒏𝒏 according to the ascending powers of 𝒙𝒙 , if 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟔𝟔 = 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖𝟖 ,
59-
𝑻𝑻𝟒𝟒 𝟏𝟏
= when 𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙 , find the value of 𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎
𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔 𝟒𝟒

60 In the expansion of (𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏)𝒏𝒏 according to the ascending powers of 𝒙𝒙 , if the second term
60-
𝟏𝟏 𝟑𝟑
𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐 = − 𝒙𝒙 and 𝑻𝑻𝟑𝟑 = 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 , find the value of each of 𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎
𝟒𝟒 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

21
 Model answer
Part one:
Part Algebra
one: Algebra
Session one - Binomial theorem
Session one - Binomial theorem
1) 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 2) 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝒙𝒙𝟒𝟒 3) 𝒎𝒎 = 𝟐𝟐, 𝒙𝒙 = 4) ≅ 𝟎𝟎. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 5) ±𝟐𝟐
𝟏𝟏
±
𝟐𝟐
6) 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓 7) 𝟐𝟐, −𝟏𝟏 8)
−𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕
9)
𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 10) 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔
11) 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝟒𝟒 12) 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 13) 𝒌𝒌 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏,
𝟏𝟏 14) 1- 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 15)
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕 𝟗𝟗
2- 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
16) 𝒏𝒏 = 𝟓𝟓 17) 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 , 𝟕𝟕 18) 1 - 𝑻𝑻𝟔𝟔 = −𝟔𝟔𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 × 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝑪𝑪𝟓𝟓
𝟓𝟓
𝒙𝒙 = 𝟐𝟐√𝟐𝟐 , 2- 𝑻𝑻𝟗𝟗 = 𝟒𝟒 × 𝟗𝟗𝟖𝟖 × 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝑪𝑪𝟖𝟖 , 𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 = −𝟐𝟐 × 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗 × 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝑪𝑪𝟗𝟗
𝟓𝟓
𝒚𝒚 = √𝟐𝟐 3- 𝟏𝟏

19) B 20) C 21) A 22) A 23) D 24) A 25) C 26) B 27) B

28) B 29) D 30) C 31) C 32) D 33) D 34) D 35) 84𝒙𝒙 36) 3421440𝒙𝒙𝟒𝟒
37) 𝒙𝒙 = 38) 𝒙𝒙 = √𝟑𝟑 𝟕𝟕
39) B 40) B 41) B 42) B 43) A 44) 45)
{𝟏𝟏, −𝟑𝟑} ±𝟐𝟐 𝟑𝟑 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝟑𝟑
46) 297 47) A 48) C 49) C 50) C 51) B 52) C 53) C 54)
𝟓𝟓
55) 6 , 56) 2 57) 18 , 58) 16 , 59) ±𝟐𝟐 60)
𝟏𝟏
,
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟒𝟒 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
768 or ± ± ,8 25
𝟐𝟐 𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟑

Session twotwo
Session – Part one
– Part one– –classwork
classwork 11complex numbers
complex numbers
−𝟑𝟑
1) 1- 𝒓𝒓 = 𝟒𝟒, 𝜽𝜽 = 𝝅𝝅
𝟒𝟒
−𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓
2- 𝒓𝒓 = 𝟔𝟔, 𝜽𝜽 =
𝟔𝟔
−𝝅𝝅
3- 𝒓𝒓 = 𝟑𝟑, 𝜽𝜽 =
𝟔𝟔
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
4- 𝒓𝒓 = 𝟖𝟖, 𝜽𝜽 =
𝟑𝟑
2) 1- −𝒛𝒛 = 𝒓𝒓(𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄 (𝜽𝜽 − 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏)) + 𝒊𝒊 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 (𝜽𝜽 − 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏)
2- 𝒛𝒛̅ = 𝒓𝒓(𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄 (−𝜽𝜽) + 𝒊𝒊 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 (−𝜽𝜽))
3- −𝒛𝒛̅ = 𝒓𝒓(𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄 (𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 − 𝜽𝜽) + 𝒊𝒊 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 (𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 − 𝜽𝜽)
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
4- = (𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄 (−𝜽𝜽) + 𝒊𝒊 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 (−𝜽𝜽)
𝒛𝒛 𝒓𝒓
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
5- = (𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄 𝜽𝜽 + 𝒊𝒊 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝜽𝜽)
𝒛𝒛 𝒓𝒓
3) 1- 𝒛𝒛𝟏𝟏 𝒛𝒛𝟐𝟐 = 𝟑𝟑 + 𝟑𝟑√𝟑𝟑 𝒊𝒊
𝟏𝟏 −𝟏𝟏 √𝟑𝟑
2- = − 𝒊𝒊
𝒛𝒛𝟏𝟏 𝟒𝟒 𝟒𝟒
3- 𝒛𝒛𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟏 = −𝟐𝟐 − 𝟐𝟐√𝟑𝟑 𝒊𝒊
−𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖√𝟑𝟑
4- 𝒛𝒛𝟒𝟒𝟐𝟐 = + 𝒊𝒊
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐

192