Physics tutorial

Objectives:
1. Definition of scalar and vector quantities
2. Use scaled diagrams to represent and manipulate vectors
3. Determine x- and y- components of vectors
4. Determine the angle of a vector given x and y component of
vectors
5. Adding and subtracting vectors
talk about motion in one direction, acceleration can be + or -. But we are concerned with motion in 2 directions

 Scalars are physical quantities with a magnitude (size) only. E.g

temperature, mass, time.
 Vectors are quantities that have a magnitude an a direction. E.g
velocity, force, momentum
Examples of scalar quantities
1. Mass
2. Length
3. Time
4. Current
5. Luminous intensity
6. Amount of substance
7. Density
8. Pressure
9. Workdone
10. Energy
11. Mechanical advantage
12. Velocity ratio
13. Efficiency
14. Resistance
 15. Inductance
16. Impedance
17. Electric charge
18. Potential energy
19. Potential difference
20. Electro magnetic force
21. Temperature
22. Power
23. Strain
Examples of vector quantities:
1. Acceleration
2. Displacement
3. Velocity
4. Force
5. Momentum
6. Moment
7. Torque
8. Force field
9. Stress
10. Field intensity
11. Temperature gradient
12. Magnetic induction
13. Current density
14. Weight

Addition and subtraction:

Coordinate system:
 1. Cartesian coordinate system: locate a point on an x-y plane
2. Polar coordinate system
How to add and subtract vectors:
Graphical method and algebraic method.
Vector notation:
F=60N angle 300
Talk about conversion from polar to cartesian and vice versa
Why do we study vectors? If we have 5kg + 4kg = 9kg right but let’s say
we have two for forces acting on a block
Vectors representations:
Draw a pictorial diagram.

Questions:
A soccer player kicks a ball with an initial velocity of 10m/s at an angle
of 30‫ ﹾ‬above the horizontal. Find the magnitude of the horizontal
component and vertical component of the ball’s velocity. Ans (8.7,
5)m/s
An airplanes flies with a velocity of 750 kilometers per hour, 30 0 south
of east. What is the magnitude of the plane’s eastward velocity? Ans
(650 km/hr)
A dog walks a lady 8.0 meters due north and then 6.0 meters due east.
Determine the magnitude of the dog’s total displacement. Ans (10m)
If a point has (-2,-3), find the polar coordinate of this point. Ans ( √ 13,
2360)
Let A= -i + 2j, B= 3i – 5j. find C=A+B, it’s magnitude and it’s polar
direction. Ans (C= 2i -3j, magnitude of C= (√ 13 ,) direction=303.70)
Let A= i – 2j, B= -2i + 4j, C= -3i – 7j. find C= -A+2B-C, it’s magnitude and
it’s direction. Ans (D= -2i + 17j, magnitude= 17.11, direction 96.70)
If a point has (4, -6), find the polar coordinate of this point. Ans ( √ 52 ,
3040)
If a point has (5,53.10), find the rectangular component of this point. (3,
4)