SWM Mega Project Imp

EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE
 DECLARATION
We the following students hereby declared that the work presented in

the report entitled " EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF DOMESTIC
SOLID WASTE " being submitted by us to the MSBTE in partial
fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Diploma in Civil
Engineering during the academic year 2023-2024 is a bonafide work
carried out by us.
We also declare that the work out published by various workers/authors
referred in this project has been listed in the list of reference. We also
declare that work claimed as own contribution in this project is not
duplicate from any other published work.
We also declare that to the best of our knowledge this project or any
part there for has not submitted by us or any other candidates to any
other University or Institution for award of any degree.
Date -
Place - Warananagar
NAME OF STUDENT EXAM SEAT NO

Ms. TANISHKA BHUSHAN MUDGAL 285995
Ms. NIKITA SANJAY POWAR 285997
Mr. SIDDHESH SURYAKANT SUTAR 285998
Ms. DHANASHRI BHIMRAO CHOUGULE 286000
TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 1|P a g e

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The sense of contentment and fulfillment accompanying the successful

completion of the mega project "Virtually controlling computers using
Hand gestures" would be incomplete without acknowledging the
invaluable contributions of numerous individuals. Their constant
guidance and unwavering encouragement paved the path to the
realization of this endeavor. We extend our sincere gratitude to our
Principal, Mr. P. R. PATIL, whose commitment to fostering a
conducive learning environment within the college greatly facilitated
our focus on the project. Our heartfelt appreciation goes to our Head of
Department, Ms. S. J. SANKPAL, whose visionary leadership provided
the inspiration essential for steering the project to its culmination. We
express profound thanks to our guide, Ms. P. B. PHALKE, whose
expert guidance and unwavering support were instrumental throughout
the project's development and completion. Additionally, we extend our
gratitude to all staff members, both teaching and non-teaching, whose
assistance and cooperation played a significant role in the realization of
this project. We are deeply grateful for the collaborative effort and
support extended by each individual involved in this journey towards
success.

 INDEX
1. INTRODUCTION 04
2. LITRETURE REVIEW 08
3. METHODOLOGY 11
4. TIPS FOR ACHIEVING 100%

WASTE SEGREGRATION 14
5. CONCLUSION 34
6. REFERENCE 36

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1. 1 INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS MEANT BY SOLID WASTE ?

Solid waste is trash or garbage that comes from homes, businesses, and
industries. It includes things like food waste, packaging, and old items.
Managing solid waste properly is important to keep our environment
clean and safe. When this waste isn't handled properly, it can harm the
environment. That's why it's important to recycle, compost, and dispose
of it correctly. Recycling means turning some of this waste into new
products, composting is turning organic waste into nutrient-rich soil,
and proper disposal ensures it doesn't pollute our surroundings.
WHAT IS MEANT BY DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE?

Domestic waste is one of the most important components of municipal
waste. Domestic wastes include food waste, paper, glass, metals,
plastics, textiles, etc. A large part of domestic wastes consists of plant
and animal waste such as vegetables, fruit peel, bone and meat waste,
and chicken and fish waste, which are considered as wet wastes. Paper
and cardboard, waste newspapers, books, notebooks, and wrapping
paper also make up another large portion of the wastes. Plastics,
disposable dishes, toys, and metal and glass cans are another part of
domestic wastes. Different definitions and classifications have been
presented in various publications and books to describe the components
of municipal solid waste.

EFFECT OF IMPROPER DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE

Improper disposal of solid waste has severe consequences for our
environment. When trash is not managed correctly, it contaminates the
soil, water, and air. Chemicals from the garbage can seep into the
ground, making it toxic and unsuitable for farming. Contaminated water
sources harm aquatic life and can make people sick when they use or
drink the water. The air can also be polluted, especially when waste is
burned, releasing harmful gases into the atmosphere and contributing to
respiratory problems for nearby residents.

1.2 OBJECTIVES
 To achieve well defined Solid Waste Management in our

locality.
 To reduce environmental pollution caused due to solid waste
generated in locality.
 Engineering Solution Application to any other localities facing
the same problem.
 Encouraging the recycling industry.

CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW

2. LITERATURE REVIEW
1.Characteristics, Techniques, Environmental Impacts and Health

Effects in Aligarh City”, Uttar Pradesh, India” JANUARY 2020
India is known as one of the most heavily settled countries in the world.
It appears to be the second country to have the highest number of
residents. With the total population of about expected data 1.37 billion
in 2019. The management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in India
has encountered problems. Each year, the population grew by 3–3.5%,
as this factor arises, the rate of solid waste generation also rise up to
1.3% in Aligarh city, Uttar Pradesh a large number of ingenious factors
like, rapid urbanization, rapid population density, rapid
commercialization, uneven living standards and also enlargement of
industrialization has created destructive consequences in terms of
biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste generations which are
estimated at about 415 tons per day.

2.Study of public attitude towards household waste management in

selected rural area in Kolhapur District. AUGUST 2022
One of the frightening issues in modern life is the collection and
disposal of municipal solid trash. The ineffective and improper methods
of disposing of solid waste cause aesthetic blights, serious risks to
public health, such as air pollution, accident risks, and an increase in
rodent and insect vectors of disease, have a negative impact on land
values, cause public nuisance, and otherwise obstruct community life
and development. Unattended SW invites rodents, flies, and other
animals, which in turn spread infections. Wet SW also decomposes and
emits a foul stench. Health issues result from these unclean
circumstances. Therefore, it's critical to manage SW to reduce its
negative effects on human health and the environment. Development of
understanding is required for solid waste management (SWM).Solid
garbage dumped at a dump site serves as a current indicator. Current
research focuses on the scientific assessment of public opinion
regarding solid waste management and investigation of potential
solutions which are practicable in local context. The rural community
of Kandalgaon in the Maharashtra state, close to Kolhapur, was chosen
as the subject region for this investigation. The primary
accomplishments of the programme are the survey of village residents,
calculation of the potential for tentative garbage creation, and
exploration of alternative solid waste management options.
TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 10 | P a g e

CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

3.1 METHODOLOGY
▪ STUDY AREA
The study area for our project will be Sanmitra Colony, which is in
WARANANAGAR, KOLHAPUR. Economically, it is known for
Warana Sugar Factory and the educational campus of Shri Warana
Vibhag Shikshan Mandal. Essential infrastructure like schools,
hospitals, and public transportation is available, contributing to the
area's overall development and potential for improvement projects.
▪ DATA COLLECTION
In Sanmitra Colony i.e., in the area we are going to study for our project
there are approximately 500 to 550 people living.
As per IS 670 gms per day per person of waste is generated. i.e 24.45
kg of per year per person waste is generated.
335 kg of solid waste is generated per day from the colony.
Waste collecting vehicle
The waste collecting vehicle comes irregularly in the area.
Because of this proper management of waste is not possible.
The capacity of vehicle is in between 100kg to 3000kg.
The vehicle comes only once in week.

PRESENT SCENARIO

CHAPTER 4
TIPS FOR ACHIEVING 100%
WASTE SEGREGATION

1.CAMPAIGN
A]Awareness about separate collection of Dry and Wet
domestic solid waste
What is waste segregation?
Waste segregation refers to the separation of wet waste and dry
waste, the purpose is to recycle dry waste easily and to use wet
waste as compost.
Why should we segregate waste?
When we segregate waste, there is reduction of waste that gets
landfilled and occupies space, air and water pollution rates are
considerably lowered. Segregating waste also makes it easier to
apply different processes - composting, recycling and
incineration can be applied to different kinds of waste.
Here are some steps to manage and segregate waste:
1. Keep separate containers for dry and wet waste in the
kitchen.
2. Keep two bags for dry waste collection- paper and plastic,
for the rest of the household waste
3. Keep plastic from the kitchen clean and dry and drop into
the dry waste bin. Keep glass/plastic containers rinsed of food
matter.
4. Send wet waste out of your home daily. Store and send dry
waste out of the home, once a week.
5. Keep a paper bag for throwing the sanitary waste.

B] ENCOURAGING THE SOCIETY TO APPLY THE 4R’s

METHODS OF SOLID WASTE
The 4Rs of waste management are reducing, reusing, recycling, and

refusing waste. The 4Rs are the most effective and sustainable approach
to manage waste.
Reducing Waste
Reducing waste involves minimizing the generation of waste by using
fewer resources and reducing consumption. This can be achieved by
adopting eco-friendly practices such as using energy-efficient
appliances, reducing packaging, and choosing reusable products.
Reusing Waste
Reusing waste involves using waste materials again for the same or a
different purpose. This can be achieved by repairing and refurbishing
products, donating or selling unwanted items, and using reusable
containers.
Recycling Waste
Recycling waste involves processing waste materials to create new
products. Recycling helps conserve natural resources and reduces the
amount of waste sent to landfills. Recycling can be done at the
household level or through centralized recycling facilities.
Refusing Waste
Refusing waste involves avoiding the use of products that are not
essential or have a significant environmental impact. This can be
achieved by choosing products with eco-friendly certifications,
avoiding single-use plastics, and using renewable energy sources.


C] INFORMING THE SOCIETY TO AVOID THE EXCESSIVE

USE OF THINGS.
 Take reusable bags to the grocery store instead of single-use

plastic bags.
 Select items with limited or no packaging.
 Use a refillable container for water in place of bottled water.
 Think twice before printing material from the internet. When
possible, print on both sides of the paper.
 If you buy less then you will naturally have less to throw out
 Push it a bit further and apply it to your clothing and gadget
purchases too.If you really need it… if the answer is “no” leave it
at the till
 Shopping at farmers markets and buying in bulk are great ways to
avoid excess packaging
 Buy quality items that will last.

D] DISADVANTAGES OF IMPROPER MANAGEMENT OF

SOLID WASTE
Land Pollution
Land pollution happens whenever waste ends up on soil or other land

that people should process instead. This garbage doesn’t just sit there;
the contents break down, whether by rotting or time and seep into the
area around it. This means the dirt and all surrounding areas absorb the
pollution and become dangerous for people and animals.

Water Pollution
Whatever waste doesn’t go into landfills or other disposal areas usually

finds its way into the ocean or other bodies of water. It then breaks down
into the ocean, slowly contaminating the water and choking out the life
that water hosts. This process raises the toxicity of the water, making
freshwater unsafe for human consumption and any body of water toxic
for those swimming in the water. Since water travels and is a great
solvent, the pollutants don’t easily leave the area and can contaminate
other water sources.

Air Pollution
Air pollution is a major issue worldwide, and understanding how

improper waste disposal affects the environment through air pollution
is necessary. A basic understanding of air pollution states that
greenhouse gases build up in the atmosphere and cause massive global
climate change. Improper waste disposal is a contributor to excess gases
entering the atmosphere and causing these problems. The breakdown of
the waste releases gases like methane, which is a major factor in global
climate change.

Climate Change
A huge issue that comes from all forms of pollution is the contribution
and impact it has on the global climate. Waste contributes to the gases
that thicken the ozone layer. This, in turn, worsens the weather and
melts the ice caps, raising the sea level and negatively impacting natural
habitats and the homes of billions of people.
Disease
Unprocessed waste is a huge breeding ground for major diseases. All

kinds of diseases can use places like landfills; even contaminated waters
can host all manners of horrible diseases. These diseases can affect
animals, plants, and people alike—improperly processed waste is
horrible for the health of all living things.
Plant Death
Contaminants in both the air and water have horrible effects on plants,
as soil with contaminants will kill most plants. Even if there are no
contaminants in the soil, the water brought by the rain can be toxic for
plants and kill them
Animal and Marine Death
Plants aren’t the only things that suffer when it comes to waste; both
land and sea animals die from waste left around. From sea turtles and
fish dying because of plastic in the sea to animals eating hazardous
materials left lying around, there’s a lot of death in nature because of
this waste. In this way, improper waste disposal directly leads to the
extinction of many species every day, causing permanent damage to
ecosystems across the globe.

Loss of Habitats
Every animal has a range of environments it can survive in. This is why
you only see specific species in certain locations. However, waste
contributes to global climate change, which changes the size of the
habitats animals need to survive. A decreasing habitat size drives
species like polar bears to extinction as they attempt migrations out of
the areas.
Lower Biodiversity
The extinction of species and deaths of crops means the biodiversity

across the world is slowly lowering. This is bad for the health of nature,
as lower biodiversity increases the chances of complete extinction
during a disaster. With fewer different species, diseases have an easier
time traveling, and leaving fewer species that can survive
environmental changes.

2] COLLECTION
a]DUTIES AND RESPONSIBLITIES OF LOCAL

AUTHORITIES
 Arrange for door to door collection of segregated solid waste

from all households.
 Establishing collection schedules and routes to efficiently cover

all areas and ensure timely waste pickup.
 Street sweepers not to burn tree leaves collected from street

sweeping and store them separately and handover to the waste
collectors.
b]PRIMARY COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC WASTE
The primary collection of domestic waste refers to the initial process

of collecting waste from house holds. It involves the regular pickup of
trash and other types of waste material by the local waste management
authorities.
 Collection System
 House to house collection
1] Curb System: This is the most common method where waste

is collected from households and placed in dedicated bins or bags
at the curb side of the road. Waste collectors drive along
designated routes and empty the bins into their collection vehicle.
2]Alley Service: The containers are placed at the alley line from
where they are picked up by workmen from solid waste collection
vehicle who deposit back the empty container.

3]Set out service: The workers of solid waste collection vehicle

collect the containers from individual houses and empty them in
collection vehicle. The house owner is required to take back the
empty container.
 STORAGE BIN SYSTEM
In this system waste is collected at the specific point or in the

bin provided by municipal authorities. The bins are made up of
galvanized iron or mild steel, RCC, etc. The bins are placed at
suitable locations.The house owners, workers, street sweepers,
etc stores the waste in this bins. This waste is then collected by
vehicle and taken to disposal or treatment site.
Waste is segregated in different types colour coded bins or bags

.Municipality provides two types of dustbins for garbage
collection. One coloured with blue colour and other with green
colour.
 Blue coloured bins are used for collecting materials that are
recyclable. The recyclable materials include paper- newspaper,
magazines, etc., cardboard, food tins, glass bottles and jars, plastic
bottles, tetra pack packaging, etc.
 The green bins are used for collecting kitchen and other plant or
animal wastes. This type of waste rots completely when buried in
the soil. It includes wastes like plate scrapings, vegetable peelings,
meat and bones, cooked and uncooked food, cut flowers, etc.

Present scenario for collection of solid waste

C]Twin bin vehicle
A twin bin vehicle is a type of waste collection vehicle that has two
separate compartments or bins for collecting different types of waste.
These vehicles are commonly used for collecting both general waste
and recyclable materials in a single trip, making the waste collection
process more efficient and environment friendly.
Twin bin vehicles are typically equipped with hydraulic systems that
allow the operator to lift an empty each bin separately. This design
enables the vehicle to collect and transport different types of waste
without mixing them together,ensuring that recyclable materials remain
uncontaminated
Overall, twin bin vehicles are a practical solution for municipalities

and waste management companies looking to improve their waste
collection processes and increase recycling rate.
With the vehicle the skill operator should be provided to guide people
for proper segregation of waste

D] Ragpicker
Ragpickers, also known as waste pickers or scavengers, are individuals
who make a living by collecting recyclable materials from waste or
garbage dumps. They often work informally, sorting through trash to
find items like paper, plastic, glass, and metal, which they can sell to
recycling centers or middlemen. Ragpickers play a vital role in waste
management by diverting recyclable materials from landfills and
contributing to environmental sustainability.
However, this profession is associated with significant health and safety
risks due to exposure to hazardous waste, sharp objects, and unsanitary
conditions. Ragpickers often work in precarious conditions, facing
social stigma, exploitation, and limited access to healthcare and
education. Various organizations and initiatives aim to support
ragpickers by providing better working conditions, access to education,
healthcare, and opportunities for formal employment or
entrepreneurship.

E] Collection Vehicle Should be Provided time to time

Collection vehicles, especially those used for waste management or
recycling, need to be provided with regular maintenance and servicing
to ensure they remain operational and efficient. Here's why:
1. Operational Efficiency: Regular maintenance helps ensure that
collection vehicles remain in optimal working condition. This
minimizes breakdowns and downtime, allowing for uninterrupted
collection schedules.
2. Safety: Well-maintained vehicles are safer to operate, reducing the
risk of accidents or injuries to both workers and the public.
3. Cost Savings: Preventive maintenance helps identify and address
potential issues before they become major problems, saving on costly
repairs or replacements down the line.
4. Environmental Impact: Efficient vehicles consume less fuel and
produce fewer emissions, contributing to environmental sustainability.
5. Prevention of Odors and Nuisances: Regular waste collection helps
prevent the buildup of odors, pests, and other nuisances associated with
accumulated waste. This contributes to a cleaner and more pleasant
living environment for residents.
6. Compliance: Regular servicing helps ensure that vehicles comply
with relevant regulations and standards, avoiding fines or penalties for
non-compliance.
Overall, providing collection vehicles with regular maintenance ensures
reliable and effective waste management operations while also
promoting safety, cost-efficiency, and environmental responsibility.

F] Provision Of Dustbin At Particular Station

Providing dustbins at particular stations or strategic locations for
collecting waste is a practical and effective way to manage waste in
public spaces. Here are some reasons why this practice is beneficial:
1. Convenience: Placing dustbins at specific locations makes it
convenient for people to dispose of their waste properly. This helps
prevent littering and encourages responsible waste disposal.
2. Prevention of Illegal Dumping: When dustbins are readily
available, people are less likely to resort to illegal dumping or littering.
Having designated collection points can help keep public spaces clean
and free from unsightly waste.
3. Promotion of Recycling: By providing separate bins for different
types of waste (e.g., recyclables, organic waste, general waste), you can
encourage recycling and proper waste segregation. This can help divert
recyclable materials from landfills and promote sustainable waste
management practices.
4. Improved Hygiene: Placing dustbins at stations or high-traffic areas
helps maintain cleanliness and hygiene in public spaces. Regular
emptying and cleaning of these bins can prevent the spread of diseases
and ensure a safe environment for everyone.
5. Enhanced Aesthetics: Properly placed and well-maintained dustbins
contribute to the overall aesthetics of a place. They help create a neat
and tidy environment, enhancing the visual appeal of the surroundings.
6. Community Engagement: Providing dustbins at stations can also
serve as a means to engage the community in waste management
initiatives. It raises awareness about the importance of proper waste
disposal and encourages people to take responsibility for keeping their
surroundings clean.
In conclusion, providing dustbins at particular stations for collecting
waste is a simple yet effective way to promote cleanliness, hygiene, and
responsible waste management in public areas.

Types Of Dustbins:
Nowadays, waste generation and disposal have become a matter of

concern due to an enormous increase in population, urbanisation, and
industrialisation. Landfills are also another problem for waste disposal
as their area is very low and decreasing day by day. Waste segregation
minimises the risk of human health, social life, and the environment.
Waste segregation is the sorting and separation of waste for recycling
and easy disposal of waste. It was done by the use of colour-coded
dustbins like red, blue, green and black etc. As the government alone
cannot deal with it, every individual should take a step forward. When
all the wastes are collected together, it will be difficult to deal with, so
the idea of using colour-coded dustbins was promoted to make
recycling easy. These dustbins differ in the waste they collect.

Red Dustbin
It is used for waste that is not biodegradable. It is also regarded as

rejecting dustbin as these wastes cannot be recycled. It is usually placed
in hospitals and used to collect biomedical wastes, which are dangerous
to deal with and consists of needles, surgical knives, body fluids, cotton
dressings, pop casts, tissues, sanitary napkins, etc., which are to be
disposed of carefully. If not disposed of properly, diseases like HIV,
Hepatitis B and C will be transferred through the pricking of infected
needles. It contains both hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. As these
waste materials cannot be recycled, they are taken for incineration.
Green Dustbin
It is used for wet and biodegradable wastes. It is also referred to as an

organic bin as it contains wastes from kitchen, plant and animal origin.
These wastes comprise rotten eggs, fruits, vegetables and peels, coconut
shells, tea bags, used tea powder, left-over food, garden waste, etc.
Organic waste is also used as manure in the kitchen garden to grow
vegetables. Some of these wastes are sterilised and fed to animals, and
farmers use the remaining waste for manure and composting, which
helps in improving the fertility of the soil. This waste is turned to zero
waste through composting. Sometimes if plastic wrappers are mixed
with this waste and if, unfortunately, animals eat, it leads to the death
of the animal. So the disposal of waste should be done carefully. Some
materials are difficult to differentiate between dropping in dustbins. For
example, in the case of biscuit packets with biscuits, then the biscuits
should be dropped into a green dustbin, and the biscuit wrapper is to be
dropped in a blue dustbin. Expired or spoiled food should be removed
and then discarded. These wastes become more problematic only when
they are in excess. Foul smell is released from this organic matter,
which leads to human diseases on inhaling.

Blue Dustbin
It is used for dry and non-biodegradable wastes. Dry waste means

literally dry, i.e., if the paper is dry, it is thrown in a blue dustbin and
thrown in a green dustbin if it is wet. Liquid wastes are removed, rinsed,
and the plastic wrappers and covers are dropped in the dustbin after
drying. As microorganisms cannot break down this waste, it is called as
non-biodegradable waste and it is to be recycled. If not disposed of
properly, they cause pollution and harm the environment. Materials like
plastic, aluminium cans, polystyrene, newspapers, paints, aerosol cans,
lights, broken bulbs, glass bottles, plastic bottles, gift wrappers, cards,
cardboards, thermal coal, tetra pack packaging etc., are to be thrown in
this dustbin
These wastes are recycled and used again; through this, the garbage to
be dumped in the landfills also decreases, and there will be less impact
on the groundwater level. Other wastes like electronic devices regarding
iron boxes, mobiles, TVs, computer systems, led bulbs, CDs, pen drives
etc., should not be dumped into the blue dustbin; instead, they should
be handed over at e-waste collection centres. Thus the work of waste
sorters is made easier and more efficient. Thus the waste can be reused
and reduced.
Yellow Dustbin
Yellow dustbins are typically used for the disposal of medical or clinical
waste. This includes items such as used syringes, gloves, bandages, and
any other material that might be contaminated with bodily fluids. These
bins are part of a color-coded system to ensure that hazardous waste is
handled safely and disposed of properly, reducing the risk of infection
or contamination.

CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION
1. Studied of selected locality regarding Solid Waste Generation.

2. Estimated quantity of Solid Waste Generation.
3. Study reduces load on Municipal solid waste management.
4. Study proves economical.
5. Study gives guidelines related to health issues.
6. From the study we can decide the trips of solid waste collecting
vehicles.
7. The study helps the people to manage the waste.

CHAPTER 6
REFERENCE

REFERENCE
https://byjus.com/biology/solid-waste-management/
https://www.britannica.com/technology/solid-waste-
management
https://www.vedantu.com/biology/solid-waste-management
https://www.unep.org/explore-topics/resource-efficiency/what-
we-do/cities/solid-waste-management
https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/urbandevelopment/brief/sol
id-waste-management

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EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE

We the following students hereby declared that the work presented in

NAME OF STUDENT EXAM SEAT NO

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 1|P a g e

The sense of contentment and fulfillment accompanying the successful

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 2|P a g e

4. TIPS FOR ACHIEVING 100%

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 3|P a g e

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 4|P a g e

WHAT IS MEANT BY SOLID WASTE ?

WHAT IS MEANT BY DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE?

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 5|P a g e

EFFECT OF IMPROPER DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 6|P a g e

 To achieve well defined Solid Waste Management in our

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 7|P a g e

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 8|P a g e

1.Characteristics, Techniques, Environmental Impacts and Health

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 9|P a g e

2.Study of public attitude towards household waste management in

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 10 | P a g e

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 11 | P a g e

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 12 | P a g e

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 13 | P a g e

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 14 | P a g e

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 15 | P a g e

B] ENCOURAGING THE SOCIETY TO APPLY THE 4R’s

The 4Rs of waste management are reducing, reusing, recycling, and

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 16 | P a g e

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 17 | P a g e

C] INFORMING THE SOCIETY TO AVOID THE EXCESSIVE

 Take reusable bags to the grocery store instead of single-use

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 18 | P a g e

D] DISADVANTAGES OF IMPROPER MANAGEMENT OF

Land pollution happens whenever waste ends up on soil or other land

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 19 | P a g e

Whatever waste doesn’t go into landfills or other disposal areas usually

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 20 | P a g e

Air pollution is a major issue worldwide, and understanding how

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 21 | P a g e

Unprocessed waste is a huge breeding ground for major diseases. All

Animal and Marine Death

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 22 | P a g e

The extinction of species and deaths of crops means the biodiversity

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 23 | P a g e

a]DUTIES AND RESPONSIBLITIES OF LOCAL

 Arrange for door to door collection of segregated solid waste

 Establishing collection schedules and routes to efficiently cover

 Street sweepers not to burn tree leaves collected from street

b]PRIMARY COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC WASTE

The primary collection of domestic waste refers to the initial process

 House to house collection

1] Curb System: This is the most common method where waste

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 24 | P a g e

3]Set out service: The workers of solid waste collection vehicle

 STORAGE BIN SYSTEM

In this system waste is collected at the specific point or in the

Waste is segregated in different types colour coded bins or bags

TKIET (POLYTECHNIC), WARANANAGAR 25 | P a g e

Present scenario for collection of solid waste

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C]Twin bin vehicle

Overall, twin bin vehicles are a practical solution for municipalities