The Leader in D191tal Solutions

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2020.10
 The Leader in D191tal Solutions

Preface

The wireless network is different from the wired network, whose quality is not
in the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the equipment. In
many cases, the quality depends on the overall quality of the air interface.

Therefore, we need to understand the method of WLAN network optimization

and the handling of wireless packet loss problems.
Course Objectives The Le<1de<in D191tal Solut10ns

Understand basic network optimization principles

Understand network optimization methods and
commands
Master WLAN general packet loss troubleshooting
methods
 Contents
The Leader in D191tal Solutions

Wireless general optimization principles

Wireless general optimization methods

Wireless packet loss troubleshooting

Signal strength meets the standard (1)
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The signal strength is the most important, and all optimized operation methods are based on meeting the
signal strength.
The AP or antenna should be as close as possible to the target area and ensure that there is no metal plate or
thick wall blocking.
1) For dormitory or classroom scenarios, it is not recommended to deploy APs in corridors. This coverage
method will cause two problems:
• The signal across the wall may not meet the terminal's access signal requirements;
• The visibility between APs is large, and interference is difficult to control.
2) For high-density scenarios such as "classroom" and "meeting room", it is recommended that the
AP be installed indoors.
3) For scenarios such as "dormitory", "hotel", and "apartment building", low-cost deployment
solutions such as X-share and panel type can be considered.
Signal strength meets the standard (1)
The wireless message transmission direction is divided into uplink and downlink, so the strength of trt~ade<inDogltalSolutlOns
wireless signal is also divided into two types: terminal received signal strength and RSSI.
1. Terminal received signal strength
The terminal received signal strength refers to the signal strength used by the terminal to receive downlink packets sent
by the AP. The main influencing factors are:
• Environmental factors such as transmission distance and obstacles
• AP's signal transmit power. The maximum transmit power of the indoor AP is 20dbm ( 1OOmw), and the adjustment
granularity is 1dbm.

2. RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication)

RSSI , the signal strength of the terminal uplink message received from the AP side. The main influencing factors :
• Environmental factors such as transmission distance and obstacles
• Terminal wireless network card signal transmission power. Different terminal wireless network cards transmit different
signal power.
Signal strength meets the standard (2)
The wireless message transmission direction is divided into uplink and downlink, so the strength of trt~ade<ino.gltalSolutlOns
wireless signal is also divided into two types: terminal received signal strength and RSSI.
1. Terminal received signal strength
The terminal received signal strength refers to the signal strength used by the terminal to receive downlink packets sent
by the AP. The main influencing factors are:
• Environmental factors such as transmission distance and obstacles
• AP's signal transmit power. The maximum transmit power of the indoor AP is 20dbm ( 1OOmw), and the adjustment
granularity is 1dbm.

2. RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication)

RSSI , the signal strength of the terminal uplink message received from the AP side. The main influencing factors :
• Environmental factors such as transmission distance and obstacles
• Terminal wireless network card signal transmission power. Different terminal wireless network cards transmit different
signal power.
The terminal received signal strength meets the standard
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• The signal strength of the coverage area should meet certain standards to ensure effective
signal interaction between the AP and the terminal and the effect of wireless coverage.

• For laptops, the signal coverage strength of the target coverage area should not be less
than -75d8m, and for terminals should not be less than -65d8m.
 RSSI meets the standard
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The strength of the terminal's return signal received by the AP side is RSSI.

Generally, a RSSI value greater than 30 is good, and less than 20 is bad.

Method: Use the command to check on AC

--- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
: [AC]Display wlan client mac xxx verbose I in RSSI
--- .. 1

1 RSSI : 37 :
I
1 Rx/Tx rate : 866.7/600 :
L- - --- - ------------------------
-----------------------
• [AP-probe]display ar5drv 1 client all
------- .. I
I I
1 ..• TXSuccess pkts 1209 I
I
: TX unicast frame pkts 1205, TX unicast frame bytes I
1 Last three rssi : 65 65 59 //Last three times I

'------------------------------ '

8 Confidential {5R~
Channel planning
Channel planning is the primary soft tuning optimization method for WLAN network. In aettfail 0191 1
ta
1
So'u '°ns

installation and deployment, if all APs work on the same channel , these APs can only share the frequency
resource of one channel , resulting in lower performance of the entire WLAN network.
The WLAN protocol provides some non-overlapping physical channels, and each network
independently uses the bandwidth of one channel.
At the same time, the channel planning adjustment needs to consider the signal coverage in the
three-dimensional space. Wireless cellular coverage must be achieved in both the horizontal and vertical
directions to avoid co-frequency interference on the same floor and between the upper and lower floors as
much as possible.

11 13 1 13
1 1 IFloor 31

6 5 9 5 9
11 11 Floor 2
1 13 1
1

Floor I
 Contents
The Leader in D;gltal Solutions

Wireless general optimization principles

Wireless general optimization methods

Wireless packet loss troubleshooting

1O Confidential f~~
Check device installation specifications
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• All aspects of the project implementation can be checked according to the specifications to ensure the
standardization of wireless network deployment.

For example: The two antennas in the right picture should be installed with a
certain distance apart.
Adjust AP coverage direction or antenna angle
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• Signal interference problems can be avoided by adjusting the AP deployment position , antenna direction,
and working channel.
~ For example: as shown in the figure below, the microwave oven causes signal interference and affects
the effect of the wireless client (Station) using the network.

• When the interference is complex or in high-density coverage, consider using directional antennas and
increasing the signal strength to reduce the impact of background noise and the overlap of the same
channel coverage.
Microwave oven

I)))

~~
Station

\~
Station

Station
'l))•
Stati on
Channel planning and setting
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2.4G frequency band: 20MHz mode,
5G frequency: 20MHz or 40MHz
For 2.4G channels, it is recommended to use 3 non-overlapping channels 1, 6, and 11 for planning;
For 5G channels, we have 13 non-overlapping channels in 20Hz band-width of 149, 153, 157, 161 , 165,
36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64 can be used for planning;
AP adopts honeycomb deployment.

# Set the working channel of the radio to 6. # Configure the bandwidth of the current interface to 20MHz.
•~--- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- 1 r--- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - -~
<AC> system-view 1 <AC> system-view I
I I I
I
1 [AC] wlan ap ap3 model WA4320i-ACN 1 1 [AC] wlan ap ap3 model WA4320i-AGN I
I I I
1 I
1 [AC-wlan-ap-ap3] radio 2 1 [AC-wlan-ap-ap3] radio 1 I
I I I
1 I
1 [AC-wlan-ap-ap3-radio-1] channel 6 1 [AC-wlan-ap-ap3-radio-1] channel band-width 20 I
I I I
I
~----------------------- ' ------------------------------~
Channel planning and setting
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2.4G frequency band: 20MHz mode,
5G frequency: 20MHz or 40MHz
For 2.4G channels, it is recommended to use 3 non-overlapping channels 1, 6, and 11 for planning;
For 5G channels, we have 13 non-overlapping channels in 20Hz band-width of 149, 153, 157, 161 , 165,
36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64 can be used for planning;
AP adopts honeycomb deployment.

# Set the working channel of the radio to 6. # Configure the bandwidth of the current interface to 20MHz.
•~--- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- 1 r --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - -~
<AC> system-view 1 <AC> system-view I
I I I
I
1 [AC] wlan ap ap3 model WA4320i-ACN 1 1 [AC] wlan ap ap3 model WA4320i-AGN I
I I I
1 I
1 [AC-wlan-ap-ap3] radio 2 1 [AC-wlan-ap-ap3] radio 1 I
I I I
1 I
1 [AC-wlan-ap-ap3-radio-1] channel 6 1 [AC-wlan-ap-ap3-radio-1] channel band-width 20 I
I I I
I
~----------------------- ' ------------------------------~
 Power planning and setting
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By adjusting the transmit power of APs on the same channel, the visibility between these
APs is reduced, the reuse of spectrum resources on the same channel is enhanced, and the
overall performance of the WLAN network is improved.

# Configure the maximum transmission power of the radio to 5 dBm.

---
I
1
---- ----
<AC> system-view
---- ---- ---- ---- --- ..
:
• [AC] wlan ap ap3 model WA4320i-ACN 1
: [AC-wlan-ap-ap3] radio 1 1
I
1 [AC-wlan-ap-ap3-radio-1] max-power 5
I I
------------------------------ J
Note :
1. SG power value need to be higher than 2.4G
2. It is not recommended to enable the dynamic power adjustment function .
Reduce frequent terminal roaming
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• following optimizations are recommended:

Check whether there is a blind zone in the signal between APs to improve signal coverage.
Adjust the network card settings to the maximum power and maximum roaming sensitivity.
Use plain text to test roaming to rule out whether some terminals have problems with roaming
processing during encryption.
Reduce unnecessary roaming of the terminal by adjusting the power of the AP.
Reduce frequent terminal roaming
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• following optimizations are recommended:

Check whether there is a blind zone in the signal between APs to improve signal coverage.
Adjust the network card settings to the maximum power and maximum roaming sensitivity.
Use plain text to test roaming to rule out whether some terminals have problems with roaming
processing during encryption.
Reduce unnecessary roaming of the terminal by adjusting the power of the AP.

~::a.-...:=...:..-....:~;·
\ -
I
If
J ,, • I
!/" < .,, * > - )
·•-:;C ~ • m.,""' • • Adjust AP power to reduce coverage
( , , ----
II
/\ I
l )
Reduce frequent terminal roaming
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• following optimizations are recommended:

)' Check whether there is a blind zone in the signal between APs to improve signal coverage.
~ Adjust the network card settings to the maximum power and maximum roaming sensitivity.
)' Use plain text to test roaming to rule out whether some terminals have problems with roaming
processing during encryption.
)' Reduce unnecessary roaming of the terminal by adjusting the power of the AP.

\ -.. WWW:: -

I I
II
I ,, • I
-
-.._ > · ..,c ?t- )
[,r < • - = .. -- - - • ..
Adjust AP power to reduce coverage / /
( ' I ---
1/
/\ I
l )
-- I
 Build independent VLAN for wireless business
In a wireless network, broadcast/multicast messages will use the lowest rate to send broadcast messag ~e~~de<inD•g•talSolut•ons

A broadcast message is usually sent to all APs in the VLAN , consuming all AP resources at the same time.

Note: For large-scale integrated networks, it is generally recommended that the gateway of the service VLAN be
set in devices other than the access controller.

SW -.

AC - - - • Broadcast in AC

AP AP
' AP
- · - · • Wired broadcasting

- - • Other AC broadcast

STA STA
Vian-based Layer 2 isolation I
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In the same VLAN, broadcast and multicast messages from wireless clients will be broadcast to all APs
that allow this VLAN, which will occupy more air interface resources and affect the entire network
application.
The Layer 2 isolation in the wireless user VLAN can control the wireless users on the AC to only access
the gateway device, but not each other.

# Enable the user isolation function on VLAN 10, allowing access to devices with MAC addresses OObb-ccdd-eeff
and 0022-3344-5566 (allowed MAC addresses are usually gateway and DHCP Server MAC addresses), and prohibit
wired users (permit- Except mac addresses allowed by mac) send broadcast and multicast packets to wireless users.

,,.. ~ ~~s:tew-Y. i ~- _______________________ ...

1 [AC] user-isolation vlan 10 enable I
------------------------
1 #User isolation based on service template I
I
I [AC] user-isolation vlan 10 permit-mac OObb-ccdd-eeff 0022-3344-5566 I 1 [AC] wlan service-template 1
I
I [AC] undo user-isolation permit-broadcast 1 : [AC-wlan-st-1] user-isolation enable I
'---------------------------------' ------------------------
Vian-based Layer 2 isolation I
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In the same VLAN , broadcast and multicast messages from wireless clients will be broadcast to all APs
that allow this VLAN, which will occupy more air interface resources and affect the entire network
application.
The Layer 2 isolation in the wireless user VLAN can control the wireless users on the AC to only access
the gateway device, but not each other.

# Enable the user isolation function on VLAN 10, allowing access to devices with MAC addresses OObb-ccdd-eeff
and 0022-3344-5566 (allowed MAC addresses are usually gateway and DHCP Server MAC addresses), and prohibit
wired users (permit- Except mac addresses allowed by mac) send broadcast and multicast packets to wireless users.

r- ~~~s!eW-Y.i~- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ...
1 [AC] user-isolation vlan 10 enable I I #User isolation based on s=r,
I [AC] user-isolation vlan 10 permit-mac OObb-ccdd-eeff 0022-3344-5566 I 1 [AC] wlan service-templat
I [AC] undo user-isolation permit-broadcast 1 : [AC-wlan-st-1] user-isol ·
'---------------------------------' ----------------
Vian-based Layer 2 isolation I
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Note:
• For VRRP gateway, permit virtual and real mac;
• For distributed gateway, permit virtual Mac,
• When forwarding locally, the relevant configuration needs to be delivered to the AP through the MAP file.
• For ultra-FIT mode, the configuration needs to be delivered to the WT device;
• It is recommended that the AC wired port and the switch port connected to the opposite end only permit necessary
VLANs, and permit vlan all is prohibited.

If there is a requirement for Layer 2 mutual access, enable arp proxy on the gateway or enable arp pickup on the AC
----------------------
I# I
• vlan 1O •1
1 arp fast-reply enable
L--------------------- 1

Restriction :
It is suitable for applications that can discover each other directly by unicast.
VLAN pool allocation mode to be static
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The AC default VLAN pool allocation method is dynamic, and clients will be evenly allocated in the
VLAN pool. when using the VLAN pool feature, it is strongly recommended to configure the static
allocation method.

r--------------------------------------------
1 [Configuration example] :
I
1 # Specify the VLAN assignment method of the client to be static :
I I
I I
: [AC] wlan service-template service1 1
I
1 [AC-wlan-st-service 1] client vlan-alloc static 1
'--------------------------------------------~
Check signal interference
---------------------------
: View interference method:
I The Leader in D191tal Solut•ons

I
1 [ap]probe I
I
: [ap-probe]display ar5drv 112 channelbusy
---------------------------
===============display ar5drv 1 channelbusy===============
I

ChannelBusy information Analysis description:

Ctl Channel: 52 Channel Band:40M
Ext Channel: Above 1) RxBusy>> TxBusy, the sum of RxBusy+TxBusy reaches 80 or
Record I nterval(s): 9
Date/Month/Year: 15/07/2020
Time(h/m/s): Ct1Busy(%) TxBusy(%) RxBusy(%) ExtBusy(%)
more: typical WLAN internal interference.
01 14:46:12 4 1 3 0
02 14:46:03 4 1 3 0 2) RxBusy is similar to TxBusy, and the sum of RxBusy+TxBusy
03 14:45:53 4 1 3 0
04 14 :45:44 3 0 2 0
05 14:45:35 4 1 3 0
reaches more than 80: large business volume or large
06 14:45:26 4 1 3 0
07 14:45:17 4 1 3 0 number of terminals.
08 14:45:08 3 0 3 0
09 14:44:59 4 1 3 0
10 14:44:50 4 1 3 0
3) RxBusy<<TxBusy, the sum of RxBusy+ TxBusy reaches 80 or
11 14:44:41 4 1 3 0
12 14:44: 32 5 1 4 0 more, and AP downlink packet transmission is blocked
13 14:44:23 4 1 3 0
14 14:44:14 4 1 3 0
15 14:44:05 3 0 2 0
4) CtlBusy>>RxBusy+TxBusy: non-WLAN interference.
16 14 :43:56 3 0 2 0
17 14:43:47 4 1 3 0
18 14:43:38 3 0 3 0
19 14:43:29 3 1 2 0
20 14:43:20 4 1 3 0

20 Confidential {5R~
 Prohibit WLAN low rate
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When the signal transmission distance is appropriate, you can disable the 1, 2, 6 and 9 Mbps rates to
reduce the overall occupation of air interface resources by broadcast messages and management messages.
Generally, it is not recommended to disable low rates for 5G .

--- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----

: # Configure the disabled rate: 1, 2, 5.5, 6, 9Mbps
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- I
I
I I
1 [AC]wlan ap test I
I I
1 [AC-w lan-ap-test]radio 2 I
I I
_____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 1 2 ____
._ [AC-wlan-ap-test-radio-2]rate
1 disabled 5.5 6 9 ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ___ _ I
 Enable wireless user rate limit
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By configuring the user rate limit function, you can limit the wireless client's excessive consumption of
bandwidth and ensure that all connected wireless clients can use network services normally.

r-- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --- - --
1 #Configurethe client rate limit function so that the maximum rate for a single client to send data is 512Kbps, and the :
1 maximum rate for a single client to receive data is 2048Kbps. 1
I
I I
1 [AC] wlan ap ap1 model WA4320i-ACN :
1 [AC-wlan-ap-ap1] radio 1 1
: [AC-wlan-ap-ap 1-1] client-rate-limit enable 1
1 [AC-wlan-ap-ap1-1] client-rate-limit inbound mode static cir 512 :
: [AC-wlan-ap-ap1-1] client-rate-limit outbound mode static cir 2048 1
-------------------------------------------------------------~
Turn off the broadcast-probe detection function
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The client supports passive Beacon and active Probe to

discover wireless networks. All wireless clients will periodically
send broadcast probe request detections. If network
conditions permit, consider turning off the broadcast probe
detection function.

Note: It is generally not recommended to deploy in scenarios

with high roaming requirements such as medical treatment.
1

~--------------------------------
: (Configuration example J •1
I
' I
1 <sysname> system-view
. 1

-
- I
1
I
[sysname] wlan ap ap3 model WA2100
I
1
I
1 [sysname-wlan-ap-ap3] undo broadcast-probe reply 1
L--------------------------------'
Prohibit weak signal client access
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Terminals with weak signals download a lot of data, which will occupy a lot of channels
This feature can directly control the rejection of wireless clients whose signal strength is lower than the
specified threshold to connect to the WiFi network, improving the application effect of the entire WiFi network.
r-----------------------------------------------
1 [Configuration example] :
: <Sysname> system-view 1

1 [Sysname] wlan ap ap1 model WA4320i-ACN :

I
1 [Sysname-wlan-ap-ap1] radio 1 :
: [Sysname-wlan-ap-ap 1-radio-1] option client reject enable rssi 15 1
I I
I
~-----------------------------------------------
Turn off A-MPDU&A-MSDU (Optional)
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Apphcatlons
'
A-MPDU&A-MSDU is a technology of 802.11 n. The purpose I

+
~ PZ P> I ~.SO\J (MAC Serv1t~ Data Unit)

of this technology is to reduce the consumption of protocol \l::=::::::::....:::::-::::....::::::=::Y

v =
CJ
=
CJ
=
CJ
Pl "2 PJ
messages. The core of A-MSDU and A-MPDU is to __._._.__....__.O,_
aggregate multiple MSDUs and MPDUs at the MAC layer. MAC prtcess1na
I
A\ACpr~na
I
I
I
I
I

+ y
-----------------------------------
: #Turn off the A-MPDU and A-MSDU functions. (Radio view)
I
I
I
I
llAC.
Pl MAI:.
~Id~
P2 ~
~
I')

+
1 <Sysname> system-view I
I
: [Sysname] wlan ap ap1 model WA4320i-ACN I
I
: [Sysname-wlan-ap-ap1] radio 1 I
1 [Sysname-wlan-ap-ap1-radio-1] a-msdu disable I
I
: [Sysname-wlan-ap-ap1-radio-1] a-mpdu disable
----------------------------------- I

Note: The frame aggregation function should be turned off carefully, and it is only used when troubleshooting
individual special terminal compatibility issues. After turning off A-MP DU, the rate will decrease significantly.
 Contents
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Wireless general optimization principles

Wireless general optimization methods

Wireless packet loss troubleshooting

Confirm the fault phenomenon
On-site feedback: long wireless delay, packet loss, Internet freeze, bad wireless experfe.A091Solut•ons
Troubleshooting steps:
1. Confirm the site situation in detail

2. On-site testing methods:

1) Change the terminal to test:
2) Replace the radio frequency for testing:
3) Change AP model to test:
4) Change the location to test:

3. View information remotely

1) Check the AP-AC interface traffic to see if there is any abnormal traffic.
2) Check terminal signal strength, negotiate rate, air interface interference, retransmission, RSSI, etc.

4. Possible cause of failure

Large wireless delay: power, channel, and large air interface interference.
The wireless terminal negotiation rate is low: the power is too small and the coverage is not in place.
Confirm packet loss location
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According to the forwarding path of the packet, locate whether the packet loss is on the wireless side or the wired
side, and determine whether the wired network is normal.
1) In the case of centralized forwarding , if the gateway is not on the AC, need to use the terminal to ping the service
address on the same network segment with AC.
2) In the case of local forwarding, if the gateway is not on the AC , the terminal needs to ping the AP on the same
network segment address and the AP ping the gateway to test at the same time.
Notes:
Use the terminal to actively ping, set the PC's power supply and network card performance to high, close the wifi
scanning software.
Gateway

SW
AC

AP AP

STA STA
 Check the terminal status
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Reproduce the failure phenomenon, check the terminal related information:

• Check the strength of the terminal's return signal.

• Checks the terminal's real-time packet sending rate on AC

• Check the online duration of the terminal

• Check the overall packet sending rate distribution of the terminal on AP.
 Check the terminal status
~----------------------------------
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' [AC]dis wlan client mac-address 20a6-80dc-83fb verbose :

~----------------------------------
AP ID :1
Sleep count : 0 //If the statistics increase, it means that the terminal has a sleep action
Wireless mode : 802.11 ac
RSSI : 37
Rx/Tx rate : 886.7/600
Authentication method : Open system
Security mode : PRE-RSNA
Online time : Odays Ohours 57minutes 16seconds //terminal online time
 Check the terminal status
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----------------------------~
:[ap-probe]display ar5drv [112] client all 1
I
L----------------------------
The statistics shows all stations connected under
the specified radio and each client is assigned an
internal Al D
~---------------------------~
•[ap-probe]display ar5drv [112] client <AID> status •
'----------------------------'
1. Pay attention to the signal strength (RSSI) of
Station
2. Pay attention to the rate that the AP sends
packets to the client

30
 Check the terminal status
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(wa562 0 - probe ] dis arSdrv 2 c l ient a l l

----------------------------~ Station tabl e i n fo : Tabl e (Ox dbc82000} Num(l / 256 )

:[ap-probe]display ar5drv (112] client all 1
Hash info :
L---------------------------- I
Hl (l)
FWD Hash inf o :
The statistics shows all stations connected under HS OO( l }
the specified radio and each client is assigned an
AID 3ASB MAC Addre s s Ke y ! n d ex S e c u rity Used
internal Al D
[] Hl 7 ca1 - a e 1 9 - c 7 bd O NONE
~---------------------------~
•[ap-probe]display ar5drv[112]
client <AID> status 1
'----------------------------'
1. Pay attention to the signal strength (RSSI) of
Station
2. Pay attention to the rate that the AP sends
packets to the client
 Check the terminal status
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(wa5620-probe ] dis arSdrv 2 c lient ail

----------------------- ----- . Station table info : Table( Ox dbc82 000} Num ( l / 256}
:[ap-probe]display ar5drv [112] client all I i n-F"' •
~- ;:l: Clh

L------------- --------- ------ I (waS620 - probe ) d i s arSdrv 2 clie n t 1 a.11

Station table info : Tabl e( Ox dbc82000 ) Num(l/ 256)

The statistics shows all stations connected under Flasb inf o :

Hl (1)
FWD Hash info ·
the specified radio and each client is assigned an H500(1 )

internal Al D Station AID(l) Hash(l) Mac( 7 ca1 - ae19-c7bd) IsTargetready(NO) Used(YES) Ht: (YES) VHt:(NO)
Bss Bssiclx (3) MacAddr (d461-fe9c-f6f3 ) IsSREnable:O IsPbss : O Beacon : (Y) Statu s (Run)
SrTxCnt O, SrPreDe!Flag O, SrCh eckCnt 0
(Statu s Inf ormation] :
~---------------------------~ PS statu s : Sleep PS Cnt: 7 5
•[ap-probe]display ar5drv[112]
client <AID> status 1 PS Attrib : ACO 1 ACl 1 AC2 1 AC3 1

'----------------------------' -ast 2 minutes TX/ RX : 0/0 packets/ s, 0 . 000/0 . 000 Kbps

RX
~arr~

frarr~
counc , rrame y~es

count 232, RX fraree bytes 82 44

TX retry pkts l , TX retry bytes 3 46
1. Pay attention to the signal strength (RSSI) of TX error count O, TX multi retry count 1
TX s uccess data pkts 4, TX success pkts 4
Station TX Retry data count 1
RX Erro c-o unt .g

2. Pay attention to the rate that the AP sends RX unicast data frame count 200
(Sc bed Inf ormation) :
[ Security Inf oJ:
packets to the client KeyType : NONE
KeyLen : 0
Keyindex:O
Host Key . .
targetKeyType :CLEAR
targeeKey Len :0
targetKey!ndex : O
targetKey :
[Rate control information] :
outbound cir: O cbs : O I inbound cir : O cbs:O
Lase ehree rss1:12,14,14
Lase raee : l . O. raeeMaxPhv : 144 . 4
All va lici rate (16 ) :
6.5 13 . 0 13.0 19.5 26.0 26. 0 39.0 39 . 0 52. 0 52. 0 58 .S 7 2.2
78 . 0 104 . 0 117 . 0 1~4 . 4
 Check the terminal status
Pay attention to the rate that the AP sends packets to the client
~ap.:-probe]displa-y -ar5drv[ 1
12] clfent-aTI sta tus - - - - - - - - - - ,
~----------------------------------- ·
Last rate:585 MaxRatePhy: 866
All valid rate(20):
32 65 97 130 195 260 292 325 390 433 65 130 195 260 390 520 585 650 780 866
[Station Current Rate Info] :
[rate RateFlag per counts okCount rateRecv Thruput ]
[32 VH-8-S 0 3 3 8 32 ]
[65 VH-8-S 0 0 0 0 65 ]
[97 VH-8-S 0 0 0 0 97 ]
[130 VH-8-S 0 0 0 0 130 ]
[195 VH-8-S 0 0 0 0 195 ]
[260 VH-8-S 0 0 0 4 260 ]
[292 VH-8-S 0 0 0 0 292 ]
[325 VH-8-S 22 14 11 7 253 ]
[390 VH-8-S 0 0 0 0 390 ]
[433 VH-8-S 95 18 1 4 21 ]
[65 VH-8-D 0 0 0 0 65 ]
[130 VH-8-D 0 0 0 69 130 ]
[195 VH-8-D 0 68 68 7 195 ]
[260 VH-8-D 29 228 164 503 184 ]
[390 VH-8-D 9 315 288 1091 354 ]
[520 VH-8-D 58 1199 504 1002 218 ]
[585 VH-8-D 12 773 683 534 514 ]
[650 VH-8-D 18 912 750 401 533 ]
[780 VH-8-D 40 396 238 0 468 ]
[866 VH-8-D 57 16 7 0 372 ]
------------- ---------------------------- --------------- ------------------------
Check the terminal status

Last rate:585 MaxRatePhy: 866

All valid rate(20):
32 65 97 130 195 260 292 325 390 433 65 130 195 260 390 520 585 650 780 866
[Station Current Rate Info] :
[rate RateFlag per counts okCount rateRecv Thruput ]
[32 VH-8-5 0 3 3 8 32 ]
[65 VH-8-S 0 0 0 0 65 ]
[97 VH-8-S 0 0 0 0 97 ]
[130 VH-8-S 0 0 0 0 130 ]
[195 VH-8-S 0 0 0 0 195 ]
[260 VH-8-5 0 0 0 4 260 ]
[292 VH-8-5 0 0 0 0 292 ]
[325 VH-8-S 22 14 11 7 253 ]
[390 VH-8-S 0 0 0 0 390 ]
[433 VH-8-S 95 18 1 4 21 ]
[65 VH-8-0 0 0 0 0 65 ]
[130 VH-8-0 0 0 0 69 130 ]
[195 VH-8-0 0 68 68 7 195 ]
[260 VH-8-0 29 228 164 503 184 ]
[390 VH-8-0 9 315 288 1091 354 ]
[520 VH-8-0 58 1199 504 1002 218 ]
[585 VH-8-0 12 773 683 534 514 ]
[650 VH-8-0 18 912 750 401 533 ]
[780 VH-8-0 40 396 238 0 468 ]
[866 VH-8-0 57 16 7 0 372 ]
------------------------------- ---------- ------------------------- --------------
Check the quality of air interface
The Le<1de< in D191tal Solut10ns

1. Log in to the AP, enter AP probe view display ar5drv [1121 channelbusy to collect
information for analysis, and check whether the air interface utilization is normal
[wa5620- probe ] display a r5drv 2 channelbusy

C"nannelBusy information
Ctl Che.:..'1.nel : 13 Channel Band : 2 0!1
Analysis description: Record Interval(s) : 9
Date/!1onth/Year : 09/0 6 /20 2 0
1) RxBusy>> TxBusy, the sum of RxBusy+ TxBusy reaches 80 or Time(h/m/ s) : Ct1Busy(%) T x Busy (%) Rx.Busy(%) Ex tE u sy(% )
01 15 : 13 : 21 1.q 6 2 0
more: typical WLAN internal interference. 02 15 : 13 : 12 1.q 6 3 0
03 15 : 13 : 03 13 6 1 0
04 15 : 12 : 5.q 13 6 1 0
2) RxBusy is similar to TxBusy, and the sum of RxBusy+ TxBusy 05 15 : 12 : 45 13 6 1 0
06 15 : 12 : 36 14 7 1 0
reaches more than 80: large business volume or large 07 15 : 12 : 27 14 6 1 0
08 15 : 12 : 18 14 7 1 0
number of terminals. 09 15 : 12 : 09 12 - 0 1 0
10 15 : 12 : 00 13 6 1 0
11 15 : 11 : 51 14 6 1 0
3) RxBusy<<TxBusy, the sum of RxBusy+ TxBusy reaches 80 or 12 15 : 11 : 42 14 7 1 0
13 15 : 11 : 33 14 7 2 0
more, and AP downlink packet transmission is blocked 14 15 : 11 : 24 14 6 1 0
15 15 : 11 : 15 14 7 2 0
4) CtlBusy>>RxBusy+ TxBusy: non-WLAN interference. 16
17
15 : 11 : 0 6
1 5 : 10 : 5 7
13
13
6
6
1
1
0
0
18 15 : 10 : 48 13 6 2 0
19 15 : 10 : 39 12 1 0
20 15 : 10 : 30 12
6
6 , 0
Check the quality of air interface
The Leader in D191tal Solutions

2. Log in to the AP, enter AP probe view (display ar5drv [1121statistics) to collect information for
analysis, mainly judge the packet loss rate and the proportion of broadcast
-------------d·
--------------- i sp1ay ar 5dr v 1 s t at i stics--------------
---------·- ----
Analysis description: Radi o statistics :
TxFrameAl lCnt .. 3490
TxFr ameAllByt es .. 491633
1) Pay attention to the TxUcast and Nucast rate, If the proportion of Queue s t atis t i cs
Queue Number :0 1 2 3 J~ gmt E:mergencyQ CAB
Nucast is higher than 50°/o, it indicates that the air interface quality is --------------------------------------------·--------------------------------
:1012 2454 0 0 13 6 0
TxUcastFrrrCn :0 2454 0 0 12 6 0
poor and traffic sorting is needed. x cast r t :l012 0 0 0 1 0 0
Ti:FrrnByt es : 108657 365869 0 0 2061 1008 0
TxUcastFrrnB :0 365869 0 0 2031 1008 0
TxNUcastFrrnB :108657 0 0 0 30 0 0
2) TxDiscardFrame represents the total number of packets discarded TxRet ryCnt :6506 16152 0 0 77 15 0
Txl!Retr yCnt :881 2146 0 0 12 5 0
in this queue, including packets that failed to be sent and overflowed. 1~~6!:~~ii;w I~~
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
TxDiscardFrrnB :O 0 0 0 90 0 0
TxDataFrrrCnt :1012 2454 0 0 0 6 0
3) NotEnoughResource represents packets that overflow from the TxUDataFrrrCnt :O
TxDataFrrnB : 108657
2454
365869
0
0
0
0
12
0
6
1008
0
0
Txl!gmtFrrrCnt :0 0 0 0 13 0 0
queue. TxCt lFrrrCnt :0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TxHwRetryE:i:c :0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TxHwRetryExcB:O 0 0 0 0 0 0
T:dlSDUCnt :1012 2454 0 0 15 6 0
4) TxDiscardFrame/ TxUcastFrameCnt represents the packet loss TxDiscardl!SDU:O 0 0 0 3 0 0
TxRet ry~ISDU :0 0 0 0 0 0 0
rate. If it exceeds 3°/o, you should be vigilant. If the packet loss rate is
Resource error st atisti cs
Queue Number :0 1 2 3 lilgmt EmergencyQ CAB
less than 1°/o, the air interface quality is acceptable ---------------·--------·----------------·---·---·-·--~-------------------- -·---'-·-- -

TxBadl!bufCnt :0 0 0 0 0 0 0
:0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TxNot SourceB :0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5) RadioResetOnErr means that the Radio chip is reset, which will x u a1 ure :0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TxBufFai lureB: O 0 0 0 0 0 0
cause packet loss. This error should not occur under normal
circumstances
Check the quality of air interface
The Leader in D191tal Solutions

3. Log in to the AP, enter AP probe view (display ar5drv [112] queue all) to collect information for
analysis, mainly judge whether there is messages backlog

Analysis description:
---------------di
----·- ---------- "splay ar5drv 1 queue a11---------------
---------------
1) This statistics can show the usage of each queue, mainly focusing on TxDes cFre eCnt 2376
TxDescFreeCnt, this value represents the AP's sending descriptor, if TxPr eSendCnt 5000
TX Queue Informati on :
the value is kept at a very low state or even 0 for a long time, Quet1eName Quet1eNum PPDUCount
ACl 0 OxOOOOOOOO
attention should be paid, indicating that there is messages backlog. ACO 0 OxOOOOOOOO
AC2 0 OxOOOOOOOO
2) If the descriptor is exhausted, the queue will overflow and cause AC3 0 OxOOOOOOOO
Mgmt 0 OxOOOOOOOOI
packet loss. Th is will also be reflected in the NotEnoughResource in Emg 0 OxOOOOOOOO
CAB 0 OxOOOOOOOO
display ar5drv [112] statistics. Beacon 0 OxOOOOOOOO
Collect suspected air interface packet loss information
The Leader in D191tal Solut•ons

4. First, observe whether there is a fixed period of packet loss, whether there is a regularity in time, and
whether the duration of each packet loss is fixed. This is mainly concerned with whether the packet loss is
caused by some special reasons, usually some external reasons.

1) Reset counters interface , clear all statistics;

2) Execute display interface GigabitEthernet for multiple times, estimate the inflow rate of wired port packets, means how
many packets enter the AP every second ;

3) On probe view , execute display ar5drv 2 statistics for multiple times;

4) On probe view , execute display ar5drv 2 queue all for multiple times;

5) On probe view , execute display ar5drv 2 client all, observe the current number of clients under the AP, and find
the corresponding AID of the client that has the problem. Then perform display ar5drv 2 client [AID] status repeatedly;

6) If there are other clients, execute display ar5drv 2 client [other client AID] repeatedly all as well, and check each
client.
Collect suspected air interface packet loss information
The Leader in D191tal Solut•ons

5. If it can be confirmed that there is packet loss on the air interface, air interface packet capture is required

1) It is recommended to use Omnipeek to capture packets;

2) The packet capture tool may not be able to capture all the air interface packets.

3) Select the channel where the current client is located for packet capture, and capture a fixed channel
instead of scan.

4) Ping has two directions, one is ping request from client to AP, the other is ping reply from AP to client;

5) For the convenience of message analysis, you can ping a message of a specified size, such as 1000 bytes;
especially for encrypted access, you must use a ping message with a special length;

227 IP-123. 1. 0. 99 I P-123 .1. 1.10 Atheros Col'llJll: OC .. . 50% 117. 0 98 2. 228638 PING Req
228 Atheros {~ OJOllL: 0. . . 00: 24: 01: 30:6 9: 04 # 80% 24. 0 14 2. 228681 802 . ll Ack
229 IP-123.1.1.10 I P-123 . 1 . 0. 99 Atheros Comm.:OC... 74% 2. 0 98 2. 229830 PI1~G Reply
230 00 :17:9A:00: 7B:47 Ethernet Broad . . . Ethernet Broadcast 1: 71% 1.0 46 2. 260937 802. 11 Probe Req
231 Atheros Comm:O . .. 00: 17 : 9A: 00: 7B:47 Atheros Comm:OC . .. 1: 81% 1. 0 251 2. 263292 802.11 Probe Rsp
232 00: 17: 9A: 00: 7B:4 7 Atl1eros Con: O. . . # 72% 1. 0 14 2. 181822 802 . ll Ack
"> ? ? U A .. _,...,... v, n A . ? ~ . ~~ t:- ... \,.. ,... 'V - ,... ... 'O 'V ,... ,... .-l ~·~ ~ ·-~• Ov ~~ A~~~•
*
., C' o.. , n .,0 ,, l O C" l nC" 01...1 ") 1 1 T'1v .... t ... .... n ."'""'
Conclusion
The Leader in D191tal Solut10ns

Number Problem description Preliminary judgment method Solution

1 Occasional packet loss Packet loss rate is less than 1°/o Normal situation

Packet loss rate exceeds 3°/o, 1. Adjust the channel and power
2 Occasional packet loss
focus on channel occupancy 2. WLAN optimization

Continuous large packet loss Collect ap information,

3 Continuous packet loss
occurs during Ping operation Do packet capture analysis
 Summary The Leader in D191tal Solut•ons

We mainly introduce the basic network optimization principles and commonly used
wireless network optimization methods. Through the study of this chapter, you should
be able to master the troubleshooting methods of common WLAN problems and the
conventional methods for handling wireless packet loss problems.