A.

LISTENING (50 points):

Section 1. Complete the form below. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD AND/ OR A NUMBER
for each answer. (10 points)
HOTEL ARMITAGE BOOKING FORM
Name: Kelvin Jones
Booking No.: (1) ___________________________
Vehicle registration No.: (2) ___________________________
Date of arrival: 21 May
Room No.: 501
Type of room: (3) ___________________________
Extra requirements: (4) ___________________________
Identification: Driver’s license
Length of stay: (5) ___________________________

Section 2. You will hear a radio discussion about writing a novel. For questions 1-5, choose
the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. (10 points)
1. What does Louise say about Ernest Hemingway's advice to writers?
A. It is useful to a certain extent.
B. It applies only to inexperienced novelists.
C. It wasn't intended to be taken seriously.
D. It might confuse some inexperienced novelists.
2. Louise says that you need to get feedback when you
A. have not been able to write anything for some time.
B. are having difficulty organizing your ideas.
C. are having contrasting feelings about what you have written.
D. have finished the book but not shown it to anyone.
3. What does Louise regard as useful feedback?
A. a combination of general observations and detailed comments.
B. both identification of problems and suggested solutions.
C. comments focusing more on style than on content.
D. as many points about strengths as weaknesses.
4. What does Louise say about the people she gets feedback from?
A. Some of them are more successful than her.
B. She doesn't only discuss writing with them.
C. She also gives them feedback on their work.
D. It isn't always easy for her to get together with them.
5. One reaction to feedback that Louise mentions is that
A. it is justified but would require too much effort to act on.
B. it focuses on unimportant details rather than key issues.
C. it has been influenced by reading other people's novels.
D. it is not suggesting that major changes to the novel are required.
Section 3. You will hear a radio report by the journalist Susie Stubbs, who has been to the
tropical island of Reunion to find out about the flavouring called vanilla. Decide whether
the following statements are true (T) or false (F). (10 points)
1. Susie says that nowadays vanilla is used in both sweet and savory dishes.
2. Recently, the vanilla harvest has been affected by diseases and this impacts on the price.
3. These days the vanilla plants are grown in the shelter of tree for protection.
4. Sometimes there are black marks in the vanilla seed pods to show which farm they come
from.
5. The boxes used to store the pods are wrapped in blankets to keep the heat in.

1
Section. You will hear a scientist called Jim Weller giving a talk about some robots he has
created and how they function like insects called termites. For questions 1-10, complete
the sentences with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/ OR A NUMBER. (20 points)
Robots Like Termites
Jim says termites differ from bees in that a (1)__________________________ is not responsible for
organizing their building work.
A single termite does not know how the overall state of the (2)__________________________ is.
Jim uses the word (3)__________________________ to refer to the group of robots he’s created to
function as independent units.
Jim observed termites depositing partially consumed (4)__________________________ in shared
habitats, which activated a response from other termites.
Jim states that the robots receive (5)__________________________ to help them correct any errors
they make.
Jim got a single robot to finish the construction of a (6)_________________________ when publicly
demonstrating how simple structure building is performed.
Jim says in the future robots like this will be able to build in (7) _________________________ places,
for example, on Mars.
Jim predicts that his robots will soon be able to move (8)__________________________into position to
help people cope with the threat of floods.
Jim compares both termites and his robots to brain cells, in that they all create a superior form
of (9)__________________________.
A group of Turkish researchers has observed Jim’s work in the hope of coming up with
a (10)__________________________ they can learn from.
PART II: LEXICO - GRAMMAR (50 points)
Section 1. Choose the word or phrase that best fits each blank in the following sentences.
(20 points)
1. _________ it were well paid, I would accept this proposal.
A. Providing B. If only C. But for D. Unless
2. .Professor Baker was an ______________ on the greenhouse effects.
A. author B. authority C. authorized D. authorship
3. Little Deon : “This herb smells horrible!” Mommy:___________, it will do you a power of good.
A. Be that as it may B. Come what may
C. How much horrible is it D. Whatever it smells
4. _____________, we probably would have arrived at the airport in time.
A. Had not we stopped for gas B. If we had stopped for gas
C. Had it not been for our stop for gas D. If not for having been stopped for gas
5. _____________ to the unaided eye, ultraviolet light can be detected in a number of ways.
A. Although is invisible B. Even though it invisible
C. Despite invisible D. Although invisible
6. Householders were told not to use hose-pipes as a(n)____________ against a serious water shortage .
A. preparation B. precaution C. attempt D. provision
7. The inflation rate in Greece is five times ___________ my country,” he said. .
A. as much as B. as high as that in C. more than D. as many as that in
8. Peter regretted booking that trip. He did it ___________ and it wasn’t very good.
A. on the fly B. on the move C. on the air D. on the line
9. Tom went for a check-up at the hospital and was given a clean __________ of health.
A. fact B. bill C. account D. sheet
10. David got blamed for his homework. He usually does it __________.
A. how some old B. any how old C. some old how D. any old how
11. Scientists are predicting that the volcano might erupt so people have been _____ from the
area.
A. escaped B. emigrated C. exported D. evacuated
12. Jack discovered that his home had been___________ by burglars.
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 A. annihilated B. ransacked C. eliminated D. exterminated
13. The automobile had its windows_________ in the collision yesterday.
A. smash B. to be smashed C. smashed D. smashing
14. There was no one downstairs; so he turned off the lights again and decided that she
____________ imagined things.
A. must have B. should have C. can’t have D. needn’t have
15. “But so,” I told him, “ You’re my own_________.”
A. heart to heart B. body and soul C. flesh and blood D. skin and bone
16. Some people enjoy training; for others it is only a _________ to an end.
A. means B. method C. way D. tool
17. Was it always an _____ of yours to play for France?
A. urge B. adoration C. anticipation D. aspiration
18. It was felt that the new bonus for increased production would provide and ________ to work
overtime.
A. incitement B. attraction C. initiative D. incentive.
19. Remember not to cough or sneeze at the table.________, excuse yourself.
A. For necessary B. As necessary C. With all need D. If need be
20. After congratulating his team, the coach left, allowing the players to let their _________ down
and enjoy themselves.
A. hearts B. heads C. hair D. souls
Section 2: The passage below contains 10 mistakes. IDENTIFY and CORRECT them. Write
your answers in the space provided in the column on the right. (10pts)
1 Less than 40 years ago, tourism was encouraged as an unquestionable
2 good.
3 With the arrival of pack holidays and charter flights, tourism could at last
4 be enjoyable by the masses. Yet one day, it seemed feasible that there will
5 be no
6 more tourists. There will be ‘adventurers’, ‘fieldwork assistants’,
7 ‘volunteers’
8 and, of course, ‘travelers’. But the term ‘tourist’ will extinct. There might be
9 those which quietly slip away to foreign lands for nothing other than pure
10 pleasure, but it will be a secretive and frowned at activity. No one will want
11 to
own up to be one of those. In fact, there are already a few countries
prohibiting tourists against entering certain areas where the adversity
effects of tourism
have already struck. Tourists have charged with bringing nothing with
them
but their money and wreaking havoc with the local environment.

Section 3. Complete each of the following sentences with suitable preposition(s) or

particle(s). Write your answer in the boxes provided. (10 points)
1. Doctor Carter will stand doctor Smith in the maternity ward, who is on a study tour
abroad.
2. These students are picked horn no less than 50 applicants for the scholarship.
3. Ordering other people in the family seems to run in his blood as he was a commander
in the army for ten years.
4. The heavy blow on the head left the Vietnamese fighter in a coma for two weeks. Happily,
thanks to the best medical care he pulled .
5. Try rubbing some detergent into the cloth to take the stain .
6. Frank was not cut ____________the job of a policeman because of his excitable character.
7. Have the authorities finished looking the cause of the explosion yet!

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8. It's impossible to live on the low unemployment benefit I come from the government.
9. Everybody put Mr. Spark's success his extraordinary cleverness at persuading
people to entrust their money with him .
10. Many a change has been brought in the climate by global warming.
Section 4. Fill each gap with the correct form of the words in brackets. (10 points)
1.An increasing number of private kindergartens have mushroomed to meet increasing
demands for education. (SCHOOL)
2. Anna showed a lot of _______________ in the way she handled the problem with Olivia.
(MATURE)
3. I just use a few basic and _________ symbols, for the most part just crossing out errors and
inserting the correct version. (EXPLAIN)
4. She stood there completelely _______________, so I had no idea at all what she was thinking.
(EXPRESS)
5. That news conference was _______________ boring. (SPEAK)
6. I’m not convinced that there’s a ________ link betwwen pollution and global warming. (CAUSE)
7. I’d like to make a _______________ from my bank account, please. (DRAW)
8. I know it’s a bit annoying but there’s no need to _______________ to such an extent. (ACT)
9. One of the most famous paintings of Chen Yifei is “Upland Wind”, a _____ drawing of a heavily
clothed Tibetan family. (LIFE)
10. I’m a bit of a _______________, so I can spend all day agonising over which choice of two words
to use. (PERFECT)
PART III. READING (50p)
Section 1. Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each
gap. Write your answer in corresponding numbered boxes. (10 p)
All in the Stars
First-time visitors to India are likely to be impressed by how profoundly astrology
influences almost every (1) ______ of life on the subcontinent. In fact, the belief that the motions
of remote heavenly bodies can affect events on Earth is so (2) ______ that several Indian
universities (3) ______ courses in the subject. It is not, therefore, surprising that many people
will (4) ______ an astrologer before they take any important step. For example, Indian marriages
are arranged with the aid of an astrologer, who will cast the horoscopes of the bride and
groom, and also work out the best date for the wedding to take place. A few years ago in Delhi,
thousands of couples rushed to get married on a particularly auspicious day, with the (5) ______
that priests, brass bands and wedding photographers were in short supply.
The role of astrology is not (6) ______ only to the social aspects of Indian life. Few people
(7) ______ business without resorting to their astrologer. Major films are only released on
suspicious dates. Even (8) ______ of state are not exempt from its influence: when India (9) ______
her independence from Britain in 1947, the (10) ______ of power was carefully timed to take
place after a particularly inauspicious period had passed.
1. A. division B. facet C. angle D. sector
2. A. widespread B. overwhelming C. intensive D. capacious
3. A. offer B. afford C. supply D. serve
4. A. interrogate B. confer C. interview D. consult
5. A. effect B. outcome C. upshot D. result
6. A. demarcated B. bound C. confined D. restrained
7. A. engage B. perform C. carry D. conduct
8. A. affairs B. cases C. issues D. topics
9. A. grabbed B. procured C. gained D. captured
10. A. delivery B. inheritance C. succession D. transfer
Section 2. Read the passage and fill in each gap with ONE suitable word. (15 p)
The London Marathon race is a long-running story. It was first held in 1981,
(1)________________ when more than half a million marathon runners of various shapes, sizes and
abilities (2)___________ completed the challenge of running the full 42 km of the course.
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 The London Marathon was the brainchild of Chris Brasher. The former Olympic champion
brought the idea home to London (3) ________________ completing the New York Marathon in
1979. 'Could London stage (4) ________________ an event?' wondered Brasher, answering his (5)
________________question by organizing the first London Marathon on March 29 1981, when 6,255
runners (6)___________ the course.
The event has captured the public imagination and there are always too many people
wanting to take (7)_________. Last year (8) ________________ amazing 98,500 people applied to run
in it, although only 46,500 (9)________________ be accepted.
For most of (10) ________________ thousands who do take part, the day is about fun,
achievement and (11)_______ money for charity - with varying degrees of pain! It is the
immense community spirit that (12) ________________the race so special. Clubs, community
groups and schools assist and entertain along the route as the runners - many of (13)
________________in fancy dress - run through the streets raising money for charitable causes. The
streets of London are turned (14) ________________ the longest street party in the world as
crowds line the course (15)_______ cheer the runners and enjoy the spectacle.
Section 3: Read the following passage and complete the statements that follow by choosing
A, B, C or D to indicate your answer which you think fits best. (10 pts)
The machine that is celebrity culture has given us the meteoric rise and fall of the child actor,
with plenty of cautionary tales to point to and ask if something should have been done to
prevent them. Recently, the Chinese government took the extreme and unprecedented
measure of banning the children of celebrities from appearing in any type of reality TV
programming, in an effort to prevent the manufacturing of child stars. It would appear that
perhaps limiting the exposure a child has to fame serves to protect and ensure a solid, stable
upbringing.
The pressure of fame is undoubtedly onerous, even for adults, who, despite growing up out of
the spotlight, sometimes buckle under the stress of stardom they achieved later in life and
exhibit all manner of behavioral disorders after their stardom has waned. The same can be said
of child actors, but the effect is seemingly multiplied by the fact that, if achieving stardom as
children, their view of reality is possibly warped and they may never even have the chance to
acquire the necessary coping skills. But given that some child actors – in fact, most – can make
a go of their careers into adulthood, are children really so incapable of handling such pressure
or is there actually no problem at all?
■ A) Banning children from acting has an element of common sense to it, but imagine, if you
will, television programmes, films and so forth absent of children. ■ B) While the Chinese
government’s move to limit the exposure of children may seem well intentioned, at least on the
surface, it is not entirely realistic to say that children are not allowed to appear on the small or
big screen. ■ C) Of course, they are applying it to one particular media – that of reality TV;
nonetheless, is such a ban sensible for any type of media? ■ D)
Upon closer examination of the phenomenon of the child star, we see examples both of success
and failure. How many of each do we have? Is there a disproportionately high amount of failure
in the lives of child actors if we look at the statistics and compare their problems with those of
ordinary people? We see a child star fail and we immediately blame fame, but what about the
success stories of other child actors such as Jodie Foster, Daniel Radcliffe and Leonardo
Dicaprio, all of whom got their start as very young children? Are we to credit fame for their
success in the same way we blame it for others’ failures?
In the case of the latter, there are the stars we know about, as they went on to achieve long-
lasting fame, even top acting awards. Child stars are not always destined to eternally seek the
limelight, however, so there are many cases of success stories that people often don’t know
about. Peter Ostum, who played Charlie Bucket in Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory, went
on to pursue a doctorate in veterinary medicine. Shirley Temple, leading box-office star in the
1930s from the age of seven, became a politician and the first female US ambassador. Polish
child stars and identical twin brothers Lech and Jaroslaw Kaczynski gave up acting and were

5
 respectively elected as president and prime minister of Poland, positions they held at the same
time.
Invariably, though, it’s the catastrophic demise that we hear about, not just of child actors, of
course, but when it does happen to them, we feel a mixture of sorrow and disbelief. To data,
there is little statistical evidence to support the claim that fame and celebrity culture ruin the
lives of child actors; the only proof we have is what we perceive to be true. Protections are in
place, to an extent, to help ensure that children have as normal an upbringing as possible.
California, for example, has enacted laws which mandate that children must continue with
their educational studies exactly as they would if they weren’t in films, even going so far as to
require teachers on set if need be. In this vein, ensuring support for child actors may need to go
further than the broad restrictions exercised by China.
1. Which best serves as the title for the passage?
A. Too young to be famous
B. The lucrative career for children
C. How to become successful from an early age
D. Laws and regulations restricting child participation in the showbiz
2. The word " cautionary tales” in paragraph 1 mostly means
A. stories that are memorable
B. jokes and tricks to warn children
C. stories that give warning to people
D. hilarious conversations
3. What can be inferred about the solution taken by Chinese government regarding child stars?
A. The author wholeheartedly subscribes to it.
B. It will hamper the boom of child stars.
C. It will impose a ban on children participation in films.
D. It is unprecedented in history.
4. In the second paragraph, the author implies that children
A. are better prepared to deal with fame than adults.
B. never learn coping skills when they are famous young.
C. may or may not be perniciously influenced by fame.
D. are destined to become abnormal adults if they are in the limelight from an early age.
5. What is the author’s opinion of the government ban in the third paragraph?
A. He is not sure whether or not it originates from good will.
B. He is in support of it being put into practice.
C. He supposes it is futile in the context of reality TV.
D. He believes the drive behind is to manipulate the media.
6. In the fourth paragraph, the author suggests that
A. fame is the culprit behind the phenomenon of child stars.
B. early fame may not contribute to the flop of a star.
C. the fame of some stars shows it has no detrimental impact.
D. the failure of some stars means that fame is debilitating.
7. The author uses the instances in the fifth paragraph to convey the idea that
A. child actors can attain whatever they desire.
B. fame can repel some from a sustainable acting career.
C. a more thorough study is needed to give out evaluation.
D. success can be a springboard to other positions in life.
8. The author concludes by saying that
A. it is futile to protect children from the perils of fame
B. it is worth taking into account the steps to help children handle fame
C. our conception of fame is greater than the reality
D. children should receive insightful education about how to deal with fame

6
 9. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the
passage.
As this sort of media is supposed to reflect real life, it would seem surreal if there were
no children in these stories, as if children had ceased to exist altogether
Where would the sentence best fit?
A. First square B. Second square C. Third square D. Fourth square
10. The word " mandate” in the final paragraph mostly means
A. giving official permission for something to happen
B. ordering something to happen
C. putting something into action
D. allowing for the existence of something

Section 4. Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow. (15p)
Overdosing on nothing
A
An international protest this week aims to demonstrate the truth about homeopathy-that
there’s literally nothing in it, says Martin Robbins AT 10.23 am on 30 January, more than 300
activists in the UK, Canada, Australia and the US will take part in a mass homeopathic
“overdose”. Skeptics will publicly swallow an entire bottle of homeopathic pills to demonstrate
to the public that homeopathic remedies, the product of a scientifically unfounded 18th-
century ritual, are simply sugar pills. Many of the skeptics will swallow 84 pills of arsenicum
album, a homeopathic remedy based on arsenic which is used to treat a range of symptoms,
including food poisoning and insomnia. The aim of the “10:23” campaign, led by the Merseyside
Skeptics Society, based in Liverpool, UK, is to raise public awareness of just exactly what
homeopathy is, and to put pressure on the UK’s leading pharmacist, Boots, to remove
theremedies from sale. The campaign is called 10:23 in honor of the Avogadro constant
(approximately 6 x 1023, the number of atoms or molecules in onemole of a substance), of
which more later.
B
That such a protest is even necessary in 2010 is remarkable, but somehow the homeopathic
industry has not only survived into the 21st century, but prospered. In the UK alone more than
£40 million is spent annually on homeopathic treatments, with £4 million of this being sucked
from the National Health Service budget. Yet the basis for homeopathy defies the laws of
physics, and high-quality clinical trials have never been able to demonstrate that it works
beyond the placebo effect.
C
The discipline is based on three “laws”; the law of similars, the law of infinite simals and the
law of succession. The law of similars states that something which causes your symptoms will
cure your symptoms, so that, for example, as caffeine keeps you awake, it can also be a cure for
insomnia. Of course, that makes little sense, since drinking caffeine, well, keeps you awake.
Next is the law of infinitesimals, which claims that diluting a substance makes it more potent.
Homeopaths start by diluting one volume of their remedy arsenic oxide, in the case of
arsenicumalbum-in 99 volumes of distilled water oralcohol to create a “centesimal”. They then
dilute one volume of the centesimal in 99volumes of water or alcohol, and so on, up to 30
times. Application of Avogadro’s constant tells you that a dose of such a“30C” recipe is
vanishingly unlikely to contain even a single molecule of the active ingredient. The third pillar
of homeopathy is the law of succession. This states-and I’m not making this up-that by tapping
the liquid in a special way during the dilution process, a memory of the active ingredient is
somehow imprinted on it. This explains how water is able to carry a memory of arsenic oxide,
but apparently not of the contents of your local sewer network.
D

7
The final preparation is generally dropped onto a sugar pill which the patient swallows.
Homeopaths claim that the application of these three laws results in a remedy that, even
though it contains not a single molecule of the original T-T-J.— ingredient, somehow carries an
“energy signature” of it that nobody can measure or detect. Unsurprisingly, when tested under
rigorous scientific conditions, in randomized, controlled and double blind trials, homeopathic
remedies have shown to be no better than a placebo. Of course, the placebo effect is quite
powerful, but it’s a bit like justifying building a car without any wheels on the basis that you
can still enjoy the comfy leather seats and play with the gear shift.
E
Even some retailers who sell the treatments have admitted there is no evidence that they work.
In November, Paul Bennett, the super intendent pharmacist at Boots, appeared before the UK
parliament’s Commons Science and Technology Committee’s “evidence check” on homeopathy.
He was questioned by Member of Parliament Phil Willis, who asked: “Do they work beyond the
placebo effect?” I have no evidence before me to suggest that they are efficacious,” Bennett
replied. He defended Boots’s decision to sell homeopathic remedies on the grounds of
consumer choice. “A large number of our consumers actually do believe they are efficacious,
but they are licensed medicinal products and, therefore, we believe it is right to make the
mavailable,” he said.
F
You might agree. You might also argue that homeopathy is harmless: if people want to part
with their money for sugar pills and nobody is breaking the law, why not let them? To some
extent that’s true-there’s only so much damage you can do with sugar pills short of feeding
them to a diabetic or dropping a large crate of them on someone’s head. However, we believe
there is a risk in perpetuating the notion that homeopathy is equivalent to modern medicine.
People may delay seeking appropriate treatment for themselves or their children.
G
We accept that we are unlikely to convince the true believers. Homeopathy has many ways to
sidestep awkward questions, such as rejecting the validity of randomized controlled trials, or
claiming that homeopathic remedies only work if you have symptoms of the malady they
purport to cure. Our aim is to reach out to the general public with our simple message: “There
is nothing in it”. Boots and other retailers are perfectly entitled to continue selling homeopathic
remedies if they so wish and consumers are perfectly entitled to keep on buying them. But
hopefully the 10:23 campaign will ram home our message to the public. In the 21st century,
with decades of progress behind us, it is surreal that governments are prepared to spend
millions of tax pounds on homeopathy. There really is nothing in it.

Questions 1-7
The reading passage has seven paragraphs, A-G. Choose the correct heading for
paragraphs A-G from the list below. Write the correct number, i-ix, in boxes 1-7 on your
answer sheet.
List of Headings
i The definition of three laws
ii Quoting three laws to against the homeopathy
iii There are many methods of avoiding answering ambiguous questions.
iv The purpose of illustrating the effectiveness of homeopathy
v The constant booming of homeopathy
vi Some differences between homeopathy and placebo
vii Placebo is better than homeopathy
viii An example of further demonstrating the negative effect of homeopathy
ix The purpose of staging an demonstration to against homeopathy

1 Paragraph A
2 Paragraph B
8
3 Paragraph C
4 Paragraph D
5 Paragraph E
6 Paragraph F
7 Paragraph G
Questions 8-14
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?In
boxes 8-15 on your answer sheet write

TRUE if the statement is true

FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

8.Skeptics planning to hold a demonstration in "10.23" campaign is to against UK's leading

pharmacist, Boots.
9.National Health Service budget gained a small portion of homeopathic industry.
10.The example of Caffeine is to present that homeopathy resists the laws of similars.
11.Instilling the idea to people that homeopathy is equal to modern medicine poses danger.
12.Paul Bennett claimed effectiveness of taking the homeopathic medicine is proved.
13.The adoption of homeopathy mainly contributes to the delay of seeking appropriate
treatment for themselves or their children.
14. The campaign has exerted heavy pressure on Boots and other retailers.
15. The fact that the governments are prepared to spend millions of tax pounds on homeopathy
is not real.

PART IV: WRITING (50 points)

WRITING (6 pts)
Part 1. Read the following text and use your own words to summarize it between
120 and 140 words long. You MUST NOT copy the original.
Throughout history, various people have demonstrated a high degree of confidence
in the ability of certain animals to predict the weather. It may seem surprising today in
view of the complex equipment now involved in weather forecasting to understand
that in certain cases, the behavior of animals does indeed provide an indication of
inclement weather. Sensitivity of certain animals to falling air pressure or to low-
frequency sound waves that humans cannot hear, which are indicators of approaching
storms, causes behaviors in animals that certain societies have come to recognize as
predictors of storms.
A number of animals are remarkably sensitive to variations in air pressure, and
some of these animals show consistent, noticeable, and predictable behaviors as air
pressure drops before a storm hits. Where the air pressure drops before a storm, some
animals move closer to the ground to equalize the pressure in their ears: some birds
such as swallows tend to stay on the ground or roost in trees instead of soaring in the
skies when a storm is imminent because of the decreasing air pressure. Other animals
make more noise than usual as air pressure drops: an unusual amount of quacking by
ducks and a high volume of croaking by frogs are both indicators that are believed to
occur because of the high degree of sensitivity of ducks and frogs to the change in
pressure. Finally, still other animals become more active before storms as a reaction to
the falling air pressure: dolphins and porpoises seem to be taking part in a frenzied sort

9
of play, and bees and ants become more active prior to storms, most likely because of
their sensitivity to lower pressure.
There is good reason to believe that the fact that these animal behaviors seem to
occur regularly prior to storms may have a scientific basis and that the animals
demonstrating these behaviors may actually be good short-range weather forecasters.
However, their ability to predict long-range weather patterns is rather suspect. Certain
proverbs, for example, are based on what is most likely the idea that squirrels are good
indicators of long-range weather patterns. One proverb indicates that, if a squirrel
seems busier than usual in gathering nuts, then a long and cold winter is on its way;
however, this behavior in squirrels is more likely due to a large supply of nuts
available for gathering, which occurs because of earlier good weather, and is not an
indicator of cold weather to come. Another proverb about squirrels indicates that if a
squirrel grows a long and bushy tail in the fall, then a particularly harsh winter is on its
way; in this case too, the squirrel develops a long and bushy tail because of earlier
good weather and not as a warning of bad weather to come.
Part 3. Write an essay on the following topic
Society is based on rules and laws. It could not function if individuals were free to
do whatever they wanted. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Part 2. The chart below shows the percentage of adults of different age in the UK
who used the Internet everyday from 2003-2006. Summarize the information by
selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

10