20413e05 Welding of Carbon Steel Offshore Pipeline

eni spa 20413.ENG.MME.
STD
Rev. 05 –March 2020
Pag. 2 of 70
REVISION TRACKING
Rev 00: Actual revision is of 25 pages.

This document cancels and replaces the following specifications:
x 02777.SLI.NAV.SPC Rev.1 – General Specification For Welding of Submarine Pipelines
x 07493.SLI.NAV.SPC Rev.1 – General Specification For Submarine Pipelines Welding
Fittings
Date 03/2006

Date 03/2007

The document has been reviewed in the following points:
5.1.3 Examiner or Certifying body added
5.4.1 Normative updating
5.9.1 DNV-OS-F101 referencing
8 & subs. NDT general revision; AUT widely adopted
Annex E CAPCIS Test deleted
Annex F General revision
Date 09/2008

This specification is based on DNV-OS-F101 (2013 edition) and covers all requirements
associated with the girth welding of offshore pipelines.
This specification takes into account also the requirements of IS0 13847 (2013 Edition)
Petroleum and natural gas industries – Pipeline transportation systems - Welding of pipelines.
Date 06/2015

This specification is based on DNV-OS-F101 (2013 edition) and covers all requirements
associated with the girth welding of offshore pipelines.
This revision has been issued after an internal review. In particular, the following modifications
have been implemented:
• Section AP D 815 of Annex C has been added
• Section AP G 533 of Annex C has been modified
Date 07/2015

This specification is based on DNVGL-ST-F101 (2017 edition) and covers all requirements
associated with the girth welding of offshore carbon steel pipelines.
This revision has been issued to implement the new DNVGL ST F101 and to take into account
last project experience.
Date 03/2020
ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
Company Classification: Restricted - Filename: 20413E05.docx

eni spa 20413.ENG.MME.STD
Pag. 3 of 70
RICHIESTA INFORMAZIONI / INFORMATION REQUEST
Eni personnel can access company standard repository at:

http://wwweandp.eni.it/TSServices/ITEM/Standards-/Normalizat/Documents-/index.asp
External user shall refer to the Project Engineer Manager.
For information about the content of this standard, please refer to persons mentioned on first
page or to Company Standard Team (mbxc&st@eni.com).


Pag. 4 of 70
INDEX
PART I 8
SCOPE 8
GUIDANCE TO USE 9
REFERENCES 9
COMPLIANCE 9
PART II 10
SEC. 1 - GENERAL 10
1.7 REFERENCES 10
AR 1.7.6 Other references 10
1.8. DEFINITIONS 11
AP 1.8.2 Terms 11
AR 1.8.3 Abbreviations 13
AR 1.8.4 Symbols – latin Characters 14
SEC. 6 – DESIGN – MATERIAL ENGINEERING 15
6.4 CORROSION CONTROL 15
6.4.3 Temporary corrosion protection 15
SEC. 8 – CONSTRUCTION - INSTALLATION 16
8.6 PIPELINE ASSEMBLIES 16
8.6.7 Welding and non-destructive test 16
SEC. 10 – CONSTRUCTION - INSTALLATION 17
10.5 WELDING AND NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING 17
10.5.2 Welding 17
10.5.3 Non destructive testing 17
APPENDIX A – FRACTURE LIMIT STATE FOR GIRTH WELD 18
AP A.1 GENERAL 18
AP A.2 CUT-OFF 18
AP A.3 GENERIC ECA 18
AP A.3 FACTIGUE CRACK GROWTH 18
APPENDIX B –MECHANICAL TESTING AND CORROSION TESTING 19
B.1 GENERAL 19
B.1.2 Applicability 19
B.2 MECHANICAL TESTING AND CHEMICAL ANALYSIS 19
B.2.3 Tensile Testing 19


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B.2.4 Charpy V-notch impact testing 19

B.2.10 Metallographic examination and hardness testing 19
B.3 CORROSION TESTING 20
TR B.3.4 Sulphide stress cracking test 20
AP B.3.5 SSC testing for Girth Welding Procedure Qualification 20
APPENDIX C - WELDING 24
C.1 GENERAL 24
C.1.2 Application 24
C.1.3 Definitions 25
C.2 WELDING EQUIPMENT, TOOLS AND PERSONNEL 26
C.2.1 Welding equipment and tools 26
C.2.2 Personnel 29
C.3 WELDING CONSUMABLES 33
C.3.1 General 33
C.3.2 Chemical Composition 33
C.3.3 Mechanical properties 34
C.3.4 Batch testing of welding consumables for pipeline girth welds 34
C.3.5 Shielding, backing and plasma gases 34
C.3.6 Handling and storage of welding consumables 35
C.4 WELDING PROCEDURES 36
C.4.1 General 36
C.4.2 Previously qualified welding procedures 36
C.4.5 Welding procedure specification 36
C.4.7 Contents of preliminary welding procedure specification 36
C.4.8 Essential variables for welding procedures 37
C.5 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURES 42
C.5.1 General 42
C.5.2 Repair welding procedures 45
C.5.3 Qualification of girth butt welds and component longitudinal welds welding procedures 46
C.5.7 Qualification of welding procedure for structural components 47
C.6 EXAMINATION AND TESTING FOR WELDING PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION 47
C.6.1 General 47
C.6.2 Visual examination and non-destructive testing requirements 48
C.6.3 Testing of butt welds 48
C.7 WELDING AND POST WELD HEAT TREATMENTS REQUIREMENTS 50


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C.7.1 General 50
C.7.2 Production welding, general requirements 50
C.7.3 Repair welding: general requirement 54
C.7.4 Post weld heat treatment 55
C.7.5 Welding of pipeline girth welds 55
APPENDIX D – NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING (NDT) 58
D.1 GENERAL 58
D.1.3 Quality Assurance 58
D.1.4 Non-destructive testing methods 58
D.1.5 Personnel qualifications 58
D.2 MANUAL NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING AND VISUAL EXAMINATION OF WELDS 59
D.2.2 Radiographic testing of welds 59
D.2.5 Manual magnetic particle testing of welds 60
D.2.8 Visual examination of welds 61
D.2.10 ECA based non-destructive testing acceptance criteria for pipeline girth welds acceptance
criteria based on ECA assessment 61
APPENDIX E– AUTOMATED ULTRASONIC GIRTH WELD TESTING 62
E.1 GENERAL 62
E.1.1 Objective 62
E.2 BASIC REQUIREMENTS 62
E.2.1 General 62
E.2.4 Specific requirements for ultrasonic instruments using multiple channels, pulse echo, tandem
and/or through transmission techniques 62
E.2.9 Software 63
E.3 PROCEDURE 63
E3.1 General 63
E.4 CALIBRATION (SENSITIVITY SETTING) 63
E.4.5 Dynamic calibration 63
E.9 PROJECT SPECIFIC AUTOMATIC ULTRASONIC TESTING PROCEDURE VALIDATION 63
E.9.1 Scope 63
E.9.2 Assessment 64
APPENDIX G– ADDITIONAL APPENDIX – ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SCR AND
OTHER DEMANDING CASES 65
G.1APPLICATION 65
G.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 65
G.3 FATIGUE TESTING FOR WPS QUALIFICATION 66


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APPENDIX H– TESTING APPROACH FOR SOURING AND H2S PRESENCE AT SEABED 68

APPENDIX I– ADDITIONAL APPENDIX - TENDER DOCUMENATION 70
I.1 GENERAL 70


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PART I
SCOPE
This specification covers the technical requirements for execution and inspection of girth welds
for offshore pipelines, and is based on the pertinent sections (and relevant appendixes) of
Standard DNVGL ST F101 (2017 edition) Submarine Pipeline System; other sections beyond the
scope of this specification are covered by other applicable company specifications.
This specification it is also compliant with the requirements of IS0 13847 (2013 Edition)
This specification is applicable to the requirements for welding of carbon steel line pipes
(including SCR) with Specified Minimum Yield Strength of 450 MPa (grade X65) or less, with
diameter of 20 mm and larger and wall thickness 3 mm or more. It is also applicable to welding
into pipelines of items such as spools, jumpers, ILT pipes and PLET pipes. Welding between
pipeline and components for pipeline subsea structures shall be in compliance with DNVGL RP
B204.
Commentary Note: All girth welds between pipeline and components (i.e. hang of collar, forged
anchors) that have been designed in accordance with a pipeline code (e.g. ISO 13623, ASME B31.8,
DNVGL ST F101) shall be welded in accordance with this company standard
Risers installed on the jacket platform only are not covered by this document. Reference shall
be made to Company standard 08833.
This document is not intended to be adopted for line pipes with SMYS greater than 455 MPa as
uncommon in COMPANY’s upstream experience.
For sour service, all requirements specified by ISO standard 15156 1-2 (NACE MR 0175) shall
be applied in combination with the additional requirements of this specification. In any case, this
specification is applicable for ppH26 03D Additional requirements for severe sour service,
defined as service with ppH2S >1MPa, shall be addressed in a dedicated project specification.
Design of offshore pipelines shall be in compliance with the requirements of COMPANY standard
23025.SLI.OFF.PRG “Design of Offshore Pipelines”.
The welding processes covered are shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), gas tungsten arc welding
(GTAW), gas metal arc welding (GMAW), gas-shielded flux-cored arc welding (G-FCAW) and
submerged arc welding (SAW). G-FCAW shall not be used for root pass. Other welding processes
shall be previously authorized by the COMPANY.
Girth welding of CRA Clad pipeline is not covered by this specification.
This specification is not applicable to flash girth welding, resistance welding, solid-phase welding
or other one-shot welding processes, nor to longitudinal welds in pipe or fittings or to the welding
of process piping outside the scope of COMPANY specification 23025.SLI.OFF.PRG.
For fatigue sensitive weld a dedicated welding specification shall be prepared and qualified
according to company standard including additional requirements that can maximise the fatigue
capacity of the girth weld.
Commentary note: for fatigue weld, in addition to the requirements already specified by DNVGL ST
F101 and this company standard the additional guidelines provided in the appendix G shall be
considered for the preparation of welding project specification.


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GUIDANCE TO USE
This specification consists in two parts (Part I and Part II):
x Part I provides information about the general data and describe the scope and the
approach used for development of the present specification;
x Part II provides amendments and supplements to the applicable sections and appendixes
of Standard DNVGL ST F101relative to welding and inspection of girth welds; all the
sections and paragraph not amended shall remain full applicable as written.
In Part II of this specification, the sections and paragraph numbering of DNVGL ST F101 have
been used.
The clauses in Part II have been marked with the following abbreviations:
AP: Denotes that an Additional Paragraph has been enclosed in DNVGL ST F101.
AR: Denotes that Additional Requirements have been addressed in existing paragraphs of
DNVGL ST F101.
PM: Denotes a Partial Modification (font in bold) to the requirements stated to existing
paragraphs of DNV-OS-F101.
TR: Denotes a Total Replacement of an existing paragraph of DNV-OS-F101.
REFERENCES
The reference documents (i.e. COMPANY specifications, standards and codes) listed in Part II
form an integral part of this specification.
The order of precedence of the applicable documents shall be:

x The Contract
x Local laws and regulations (if any)
x Project specification
x this COMPANY’s standard
x Standard DNVGL-ST-F101 (2017 edition)
x ISO Standard 13847 (2013 edition)
x Other applicable standard and project specifications
In case of conflict between the requirements stated in this specification and others specified in
the applicable standards, the most stringent requirements shall be applied.
Additional requirements not covered in this specification may be agreed between the
CONTRACTOR and the COMPANY. Should omissions or ambiguity or incorrect information exist,
they shall be notified as soon as possible by the CONTRACTOR to the COMPANY, and the
COMPANY shall have the right of final decision.
All written responses to the CONTRACTOR from the COMPANY shall be binding.
COMPLIANCE
CONTRACTOR shall be certified according to the quality requirements of ISO 3834-2.


Pag. 10 of 70
PART II
SEC. 1 - GENERAL
1.7 REFERENCES
AR 1.7.6 Other references

Table 1-6 Other References
Document code Tile
ISO 148-1 Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 1: Test
method
ISO 857-1 Welding and allied processes — Vocabulary — Part 1: Metal

welding processes
ISO 6520-1 Welding and allied processes — Classification of geometric

imperfections in metallic materials — Part 1: Fusion welding
ISO 10863 Non-destructive testing of welds — Ultrasonic Besting — Use of

time-of-flight diffraction technique (TOFD)
ISO 11699-1 Non-destructive testing -- Industrial radiographic film -- Part 1:

Classification of film systems for industrial radiography
ISO 11699-2 Non-destructive testing -- Industrial radiographic films -- Part 2:

Control of film processing by means of reference values
ISO 13588 Non-destructive testing of welds — Ultrasonic testing — Use of

automated phased array technology
ISO 13916 Welding — Guidance on the measurement of preheating

temperature, interpass temperature and preheat maintenance
temperature
ISO 14344 Welding consumables -- Procurement of filler materials and

fluxes
ISO 15609-1 Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic

materials — Welding procedure specification — Part 1: Arc
welding
EN ISO 17639 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Macroscopic

and microscopic examination of welds
ISO/IEC 17020 Conformity assessment -- Requirements for the operation of

various types of bodies performing inspection
EN 1011-1 Welding. Recommendations for welding of metallic materials.

General guidance for arc welding’


Pag. 11 of 70
ASTM E1961:2011 Standard Practice for Mechanized Ultrasonic Testing of Girth

Welds Using Zonal Discrimination with Focused Search Units
EN 10204 Metallic materials. Types of inspection documents
ASTM G1 Standard Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating

Corrosion Test Specimens
EFC Publication n° Guidelines on material requirements for carbon and low alloy
16 steels for H2S containing environments in oil and gas production
AP 1.7.7 COMPANY Specification
Table 1-6 bis Company specification
Document code Title

28907 ENG.PLI.STD Carbon steel line pipes for onshore and offshore pipelines
23025 ENG.PLI.PRG Design of offshore pipelines
20337 ENG.PLI.STD Shop prefabricated large radius bends made from pipe for
pipelines - functional specification
20351 ENG.PLI.STD Flanged connections of submarine pipelines - functional
specification
20352 SLI.SPM.SPF Flanged connections of submarine pipelines - supply
specification
20362 ENG.PLI.STD Butt welded fittings (Y and T types) for offshore pipeline -
functional specification
20363 SLI.SPM.SPF Butt welded fittings (Y and T types) for offshore pipeline - supply
specification
20406 ENG.PLI.STD On-off ball valves used for subsea application -
functional specification
20407 ENG.PLI.STD On-off ball valves used for subsea application -
supply specification
23005 ENG.PLI.STD Stacking of pipes
bp dev-dms 001 DMS Best Practice – Acronyms and Definitions
Unless otherwise stipulated, the applicable version of the above listed COMPANY specifications,
including relevant appendices and supplements, is the latest revision published at the effective
date of the Contract’s signature or the issue of this specification, the latest applies.
1.8. DEFINITIONS
AP 1.8.2 Terms
Terms and definition given by ISO 857-1 and ISO 6520-1 shall be applied together with the
additional following ones.


Pag. 12 of 70
Table 1-8 bis Additional definition of terms
Term Definition
accredited mechanical and corrosion test laboratory certified according to
laboratory ISO/IEC 17025
approved welder welder who has fulfilled the requirements of this specification
and to ISO 9606-1.
approved welding welding operator who has fulfilled the requirements of this
operator specification and to ISO 14732
approved WPS welding procedure specification which has fulfilled the
requirements of this specification
by agreement agreed between the COMPANY and the CONTRACTOR
COMPANY eni spa and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, branch or affiliate
in Italy and abroad
CONTRACTOR The CONTRACTOR is the organization and all its subcontractors
appointed by COMPANY to perform welding and inspection
activities covered by this specification
SUBCONTRACTOR The SUBCONTRACTOR is the organization appointed by the
CONTRACTOR to perform welding and inspection activities
covered by this specification
Defect imperfection or discontinuity exceeding the specified acceptance
criteria
Fatigue sensitive Fatigue Sensitive (FS) welds shall be properly defined within
welds project specifications. In case a pipeline section is identified as
FS, all requirements associated to FS, identified in DNVGL ST
F101, DNVGL RP F108 and IOGP S-616, shall be satisfied. A
guideline for such classification is reported here below:
• any rigid pipeline section where the S-N based fatigue
cumulative damage is equal to or exceeds 90% of the allowable
fatigue damage, accounting for the allowable design fatigue
factors as specified in DNVGL ST F101 Table 5-10, shall be
classified as FS section;
• any rigid pipeline section subjected to critical cycling
loading during operations (e.g. very long pipeline free spans
hanging over deep seabed escarpments or HPHT pipelines
subjected to several shutdown and re-start cycles) shall be
classified as FS if so specified and detailed in the Company’s
Project Specification.
• Steel Catenary Risers (SCR’s) shall be always classified
as FS.
heat input energy introduced into the weld region during welding per unit
run length (to be calculated according to this specification)
imperfection / relevant indication related to welding quality
discontinuity
internal repair repair of the root pass from inside the pipe
notify body (third accredited engineering inspection body according to ISO/IEC
party inspection) 17020
penumbra shadow produced on a radiographic image when the incident
radiation is partially, but not wholly, cut off by an intervening


Pag. 13 of 70
body (the penumbra is the region of geometric unsharpness

around the image of an indication)
interpass the weld bead temperature in a multi-run weld and adjacent
temperature parent metal immediately prior to the application of the next run.
It is expressed as minimum and maximum temperature and shall
not be lower than the preheating temperature.
preheating the temperature of the work piece in the weld zone immediately
temperature prior to any welding operation. It is expressed as a minimum
temperature
relevant indication indication from welding anomalies and related to weld quality
thermal efficiency ratio of heat energy introduced into the weld to the electrical
(k) energy consumed by the arc
test piece welded assembly prepared for the purpose of approving a
welding procedure specification, welder or welding operator
weld repair process of correcting a defect that is discovered after the weld
has been completed and submitted for inspection (the repair can
involve complete removal of a cylinder of pipe, or removal of a
localized area by grinding or other means, followed by additional
welding)
welding procedure specific course of action to be followed in making a weld,
including reference to materials, preparation, preheating (if
necessary), method and control of welding and post-weld heat
treatment (if necessary) and equipment to be used
welding procedure document providing the required variables for a specific welding
specification WPS procedure
AR 1.8.3 Abbreviations
Add the following abbreviation:
Table 1-9 bis Additional Abbreviation
Abbrevation Description
ASNT American Society for Non Destructive Testing
AWT All-Weld-Metal Tensile Test
AYS Actual Yield Strength
Carbon Equivalent, calculated by the following formula:
CE
Carbon Equivalent, based upon the chemical portion of the Ito-

Bessyo carbon equivalent equation, calculated by the following
CEpcm formula:
FPBT Four Points Bend Test

HI Heat Input


Pag. 14 of 70
Abbrevation Description
HPHT High pressure High Temperature
HV Vickers Hardness
ILT In Line Tee
IQI Image-Quality Indicator
IWE International Welding Engineer
IWI International Welding Inspector
IWT International Welding Technologist
LPMDS Line Pipe Material Data Sheet
PLET Pipeline End Termination
WPQR Welding Procedure Qualification Record
WPQT Welding Procedure Qualification Tests
SCR Steel Catenary Riser
UT Ultrasonic Testing
VT Visual Testing
AR 1.8.4 Symbols – latin Characters

Add the following symbols:
ppH2S Partial pressure of H2S

k Thermal efficiency factor


Pag. 15 of 70
SEC. 6 – DESIGN – MATERIAL ENGINEERING
TR 6.2.7.4
It shall be noted that the reduction in yield stress at elevated temperature may be higher for
the weld metal than the base material. Hence, undermatching may be experienced for high
operation temperatures (e.g. snaking scenario).
Transverse all weld tensile testing of the weld metal and fracture toughness testing ( if
required by DNV RP F018) at the relevant temperature shall be performed if elevated
temperature test are required in the line pipe material data sheet.
6.4 CORROSION CONTROL
6.4.3 Temporary corrosion protection
AP 6.4.3.3
a) Materials shall be securely stored above ground using non-metallic dunnage as per COMPANY
specification 23005.SLI.OFF.FUN;
b) End caps shall remain in place until materials are required for fabrication as per the reference
COMPANY specifications (see section 1.7.7 table 1-6 bis).


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SEC. 8 – CONSTRUCTION - INSTALLATION
8.6 PIPELINE ASSEMBLIES
8.6.7 Welding and non-destructive test
TR 8.6.7.8
All girth welds shall be subjected, after PWHT (if required), to the following test listed in table:
Type of examination
Type of examination Extent of examination
1 External Visual Testing (VT) 100%
2 Radiographic Testing or AUT 100%
Commentary Note: For SCR and all caeses covered by annex G , internal visual inspection with laser
scanning could be required in order to check the internal root profile. In case, this requirement shall
be specified in a dedicate project specification.
In case crack like indication are detected during the NDT examination, COMPANY shall be
immediately notified and the welding procedure shall be suspended until the cause is identified
and remedial measures implemented to prevent further occurrence.
Production welding with the suspended WPS shall only recommence following approval from
COMPANY welding engineer.


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SEC. 10 – CONSTRUCTION - INSTALLATION
10.5 WELDING AND NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING
10.5.2 Welding
PM 10.5.2.1
Pipes shall be bevelled to the correct configuration, checked to be within tolerance, and inspected
for damage. Internal line-up clamps shall be used whenever is possible and when mechanized
welding is applied. Acceptable alignment, root gap and staggering of longitudinal welds shall be
confirmed prior to welding.
AR 10.5.2.2
In case of EPC project test temperature to be defined by CONTRACTOR considering the worst
case and approved by COMPANY. In case the project specification doesn’t clarify the testing
temperature it shall be agreed with COMPANY and officialised through technical query.
TR 10.5.2.4
For production testing, requirements of this specification apply (see Appendix C).
10.5.3 Non destructive testing
PM 10.5.3.3
Ultrasonic testing (UT) or automated ultrasonic testing (AUT) shall be used in the following
cases:
— whenever sizing of flaw height and/or determination of the flaw depth is required (see [
Sec.5.4.8]).
— 100% lamination checks of a 100 mm wide band at ends of cut pipe, except for line pipe
end zone (at least 100 mm) already ultrasonically inspected in the pipe mill.
Any indication in 100 mm wide band at ends of cut pipe shall be cause for rejection.
Exception to this requirement may be given for wall thickness < 8 mm provided that it can be
technically justified that alternative NDT processes provide sufficient inspection performance for
the expected imperfections for the applied welding procedure, see [D.2.10.11].


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APPENDIX A – FRACTURE LIMIT STATE FOR GIRTH WELD
Content of this appendix from previous editions has been implemented in DNVGL-RP-F108.
Here below some additional general requirements that shall be read in conjunction with DNVGL-
RP-F108.
AP A.1 GENERAL
The ECA methodology and an ECA destructive testing matrix shall be proposed and detailed by
the CONTRACTOR at bid stage for COMPANY approval prior contract award.
In case of sour service,fracture toughness and fatigue properties shall be evaluated under
representative environmental test condition, as required by DNVGL-RP-F108.
In case of H2S at the seabed or reservoir souring, additional requirements of annex H shall apply.
AP A.2 CUT-OFF
Flaws greater than 25% of the wall thickness (WT) or one weld pass height, whichever is lower,
shall not be accepted.
The cut-off limit for the flaw length is defined as 12.5% circumference of the pipeline.
AP A.3 GENERIC ECA
Generic ECA, as per DNV RP F108 section 4.2, it is not allowed.
AP A.3 FACTIGUE CRACK GROWTH
Fatigue crack growth assessment shall be always carried out in any case of ECA study. In
particular, with reference to section 4.3 of DNV RP F108, fatigue crack grow assessment, as per
Category IV shall be done, also in case of Category III.
For very low cyclic loading frequencies, e.g. associated with lateral buckling, a factor of 10 shall
be used.


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APPENDIX B –MECHANICAL TESTING AND CORROSION TESTING
B.1 GENERAL
B.1.2 Applicability
AP B.1.2.3
Contractor shall inform Company about the selected laboratories to perform the test and receive
official Company approval.
Contractor shall notify tests date and location minimum 5 working days in advance, Company
will inform if tests will be witness by a Company representative.
B.2 MECHANICAL TESTING AND CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
B.2.3 Tensile Testing
AR B.2.3.9
Transverse tensile specimens shall be prepared and tested in accordance with ISO 4136.
B.2.4 Charpy V-notch impact testing
PM B.2.4.1
The test pieces shall be prepared in accordance with ASTM A370 without any prior flattening of
the material. Testing according to ISO 148-1 is acceptable and, in this case, the required
striking radius (2 or 8 mm) shall be specified. Each set shall consist of three specimens
taken from the same test coupon. Full size test pieces shall be used whenever possible.
B.2.10 Metallographic examination and hardness testing
AP B.2.10.12
Hardness testing shall be carried out using Vickers HV10 method according to ISO 6507-1.
Hardness testing shall be performed on each macro examination specimens required.

Photographic documentation showing the indentation locations shall be included in the Welding
Procedure Qualification Record (WPQR).
Hardness shall be measured and recorded in rows across the weld metal, the HAZ and the parent
metal as in the following Figure B-15, also in case of non-sour service. For the HAZ, the first
indentation shall be made as close as possible to the fusion line.
Figure B-15 applies also for thorugh thickness repair also in case of not sour service.


Pag. 20 of 70
Figure B- 15 Butt-weld survey method for Vickers hardness measurement
Vickers hardness surveys map for partial penetration repair welds shall be in accordance with
ISO 15156-2, figure 4, also in case of non-sour service.
B.3 CORROSION TESTING
TR B.3.4 Sulphide stress cracking test

This section is not applicable for girth weld. For girthweld section AP B.3.5 shall apply.
AP B.3.5 SSC testing for Girth Welding Procedure Qualification
General SSC requirement
AP B.3.5.1
This section is for the testing of line pipe girth welds by means of SSC tests, as part of the
procedure qualification testing requirements.
CONTRACTOR shall write a fully detailed test procedure proposal based upon this specification
and this shall be forwarded to COMPANY for approval.
Location of SSC samples shall be definded and detailed in the submitted cutting sheet before
testing start and shall be forwarded to COMPANY for approval.
Specimen preparation
AP B.3.5.2
A total of 6 specimens (2 sets of 3 specimens) shall be taken from location corresponded to the
minimum heat input along the circumferential welds and to include the weld metal (WM) and
HAZ from the weld root and mid thickness.


Pag. 21 of 70
Commentary note: Irrespectively of figure C-2, for 1G and 2G welding position the SSC test in not
affected by location. For other welding position, i.e. 5G and 6G, Heat input varies along the
circumferential weld and depends on welding direction (i.e. upwards and downwards). For upwards
weld direction SSC test sample shall be taken form 6 o’clock position. For downwards welding direction
SSC test sample shall be taken from 3 o’clock.
The specimen is a Four Point Bent Test type (FPBT) according to EFC 16 method. Specimens
shall be taken in transverse directions with respect to the girth weld in each defined position.
Transverse specimens shall be with root surface machined flush removing the minimum amount
material.
Reduce specimens (size 115 x 15 x 5 mm) shall be used taken at mid thickness and at internal
surface.
The weld shall always be in the middle of specimen length.
Test specimens shall be marked using a stamped or vibratory stencilled in a region within 13
mm of either end on the compression side. An evidence of test specimen identification shall be
provided.
After specimens preparation NDT shall be executed on all specimens prior to test (e.g. dye
penetrant or magnetic particles). Specimens showing superficial weld imperfections shall be
scrapped.
Test specimens shall be degreased with solvent and rinsed with acetone before testing. The
stressed section of the test specimen shall not be contaminated after cleaning.
In case of other test configurations, they shall be proposed and approved by COMPANY.
Test Loading Condition
AP B.3.5.3
Tests shall be performed by applying the maximum tensile load to the internal surface of the
weld (weld root shall be exposed to a tensile loading).
Specimens shall be loaded at 90% of AYS of the base material, evaluated as in the following:
1. Tensile tests shall be carried out on both parent pipes and weld metal: in parallel direction
with respect to pipe axis to determine the load for the transverse specimen.
2. For both, pipes and weld metal,the strain corresponding to 90% of Actual yield stress
(AYS) shall be deduced, considering the RT0.5 values.
3. The lowest strain of two pipes and weld metal shall be taken as the reference value for
the SSC testing to avoid loading conditions above 90% AYS.
Strain gauges shall be used to determine the displacement to achieve the strain corresponding
of a stress applied equal to 90% of the AYS.


Pag. 22 of 70
Test arrangement
AP B.3.5.4
Test arrangement is schematically showed in EFC 16 Method B.
The SSC test shall be carried out with Solution A in accordance with NACE TM0177 or actual
condition whichever is more severe.
Test duration of exposures 720 hours.
Test solution volume of 30 ±10 ml/cm2 of test specimen surface area.
Any deviation from test solution shall be agreed between COMPANY and CONTRACTOR before
starting the test.
In case of alternative test arrangements, they shall be proposed by CONTRACTOR and agreed
with COMPANY.
Specimen Examination
AP B.3.5.5
At the end of the test, specimens shall be rinsed with water and cleaned with acetone.
Surface appearance of each specimen shall be documented and photographed by using a

stereomicroscope at 10X magnification before any cleaning procedure for corrosion product
removal.
If corrosion products are present a cleaning procedure for corrosion product removal shall be
performed in accordance to ASTM G1.
At the end of testing, the following procedure shall be applied:
1. Presence of cracks shall be investigated by stereomicroscope at 10X magnification and

documented;
2. A non-destructive control test (e.g. dye penetrant, magnetic particles) shall be carried
out on the specimens before sectioning, trying to anticipate presence of cracking;
3. Destructive tests with specimens sectioning, as described below.
On transverse specimens, if some defects are observed, sectioning will be done in

correspondence with these specific points; if not, sectioning will be done at ¼ and mid-width of
each specimen, according to EFC 16.
Photographic documentation shall be taken by Optical Microscope up to 100X magnification.
In presence of cracks, the specimen shall be etched in order to ascertain failure propagation
modality. Any defects or cracks shall be indicated and notified to Company in order to agree on
the further failure investigation test may be required.


Pag. 23 of 70
After alignment with Company the samples showing evident cracking after testing, shall be
examined in the fracture surfaces in order to check that cracking did not occur starting (or
caused by) an original weld imperfection.
Evidence of original weld imperfection, shall be reported to the COMPANY for final decision.
One macro-hardness specimen must be taken adjacent to each set of SSC. Hardness survey
must be performed in root area when SSC set is to be tested in root and at mid-thickness when
SSC set is to be tested at mid-thickness. For a given area, number of indentations must be in
accordance with Figure B-15.
The hardness values shall be in compliance with the limit specified in the appendix C of this
specification.
Commentary note: this additional macro-hardness it is necessary in order to have additional

information in case of SSC failure during qualification.
Reporting of result
AP B.3.5.6
At the conclusion of testing, the CONTRACTOR shall prepare and submit a draft report within
seven working days.
The report shall be finalised and submitted to COMPANY.
Report shall include, as a minimum, the following information:

Identification of pipes and girth weld;
Scheme of specimen sampling;
Identification, dimensions and tolerances of the specimens;
Table with the testing program (specimen ID, testing conditions....);
Experimental procedure: configuration adopted for the test, detailed calibration
procedure and detailed testing procedure;
Results summarized in a table with the clear evidence of “pass” and “not pass” for each
tested specimen as indicated in the acceptance criteria with relevant photographic
documentation, including hardness test results (for information only). The documentation
for all the tested specimens shall be attached as annex in the report;
Material mill certificates and tensile test certificates as Annex in the report.


Pag. 24 of 70
APPENDIX C - WELDING
C.1 GENERAL
C.1.2 Application
TR C.1.2.2
The base materials covered by this appendix are specified in Part I of this specification.
TR C.1.2.3
Welding processes and equipment for pipeline girth welding proposed by CONTRACTOR shall be
previously approved by COMPANY.
Welding shall be performed with the following processes unless otherwise specified:
Shielded Metal Arc Welding, SMAW (Process ISO 4063-111)

Flux Cored Arc Welding with active gas shield, G-FCAW (Process ISO 4063-136)
Flux Cored Arc Welding with inert gas shield, G-FCAW (Process ISO 4063-137)
Gas Metal Arc Welding with inert gas shield, GMAW (Process ISO 4063-131)
Gas Metal Arc Welding with active gas shield, GMAW (Process ISO 4063-135)
Tungsten Inert Gas Arc Welding, GTAW (Process ISO 4063-141)
Submerged Arc Welding, SAW (Process ISO 4063-12)
The above listed welding processes shall be used in accordance with the following restrictions.
GMAW-STT process, including repair, is subject to COMPANY approval provided that

CONTRACTOR demonstrate successful previous application.
Controlled Dip Transfer GMAW process such as Surface Tension Transfer (STT) or Cold
Metal Transfer (CMT) are subjected to Company approval.
GMAW partly mechanized welding processes are prohibited for repair welding.
GS(gas shelding)-FCAW welding processes are prohibited for the hot and root passes. For
sour service, use of GS-FCAW process is permitted after a minimum ligament of 9mm
has been deposited.
SAW manual and partly mechanized welding processes are prohibited.
SAW welding processes shall be used only for filling passes. For double side welds,
automatic SAW is acceptable for all passes.
GTAW welding process without filler material additions is prohibited.
GTAW welding process, in case of sour service, is mandatory for root pass. Other GMAW
pulsed or synergic process such as STT (electronically pulsed) or CMT (mechanically
pulsed) power generators are subject to COMPANY approval (or qualification) provided
that CONTRACTOR demonstrate successful previous application and welding system
reliability.
For repair welding, GTAW, SMAW, and FCAW welding processes are allowed. FCAW is not
allowed for root and Hot passes weld repair.
Use of cellulosic coated electrodes is not permitted.
Other welding processes proposed for use by CONTRACTOR shall be submitted to COMPANY for
review and approval, and shall be supported by documentation of their successful application to

Pag. 25 of 70
pipeline welding. In case of innovative or recently implemented welding process Company may
require a specific qualification process.
Multi-torch, and tandem arc welding techniques may be employed, subject to COMPANY approval
and shall be qualfied simulating the actual welding process configuration foreseen for the
production.
Welding techniques requiring the use of permanent backing rings shall not be used except for
pipe-in-pipe half shells.
Internal clamp devices with copper backing shoes are not allowed in case of sour service. For
sour service, use of ceramic coated steel shoes is permitted provided CONTRACTOR can
demonstrate an extensive experience and provided it is qualified during WPQT. Final decision is
subject to COMPANY approval.
The welding process or combination of processes proposed for the pipe-lay welding operation
shall be specified in the bid.
AP C.1.2.6
When mechanised or automatic processes are proposed for girth welding, the bid proposal shall
include full details of the processes to be used, the associated welding equipment, and the
proposed area of application (e.g. onshore prefabbrication or on board/offshore).
For mainline welding applications, the proposal shall list the number of welding stations (root
pass to final capping pass), either on the firing line (offshore lay barge) or spool-base and shall
detail the equipment and number of welders and other personnel required to operate each
station.
A similar level of detail shall be provided for tie in welding and multiple jointing.
C.1.3 Definitions
AR C.1.3.1
Add the following definition:
Terms Description
discontinued weld weld partially completed left to cool down up to ambient
temperature
girth weld circumferential butt weld in pipe
roll welding welding process in which two pipes are abutted in a horizontal
position and rotated while one or more welding passes are
deposited between previously prepared bevels on the abutting
ends
welding operator person who also performs mechanized and/or automatic welding


Pag. 26 of 70
AP C.1.4 Quality assurance
For quality assurance requirements CONTRACTOR shall refer to applicable documents included
in the contract.
CONTRACTOR shall carry out all inspection activities specified in the Quality Plan approved by
COMPANY.
All inspection results shall be duly evaluated, recorded and made available to COMPANY’s
representative or nominated part as required. COMPANY reserves the right to witness NDT
operations as well as to require additional NDT to CONTRACTOR when further investigation in
NDT result interpretation is needed.
For the required documents, the following shall be considered as a minimum and, when required,
officially transmitted to COMPANY as as-built:
TYPE OF INSPECTION FREQUENCY AS BUILT TO

REPORT BE PROVIDED
TO COMPANY
Fit-up report For each joint Y
Pipe cut report Any cut of pipe Y
Welding parameters For each joint Y

inspection checklists ( as
per
Welder qualification For each qualification of welders Y

record
Welder qualification log Update after each qualification record N
NDE qualification record For each qualification of inspector Y
NDE inspector log After each qualification of inspector Y
NDE report (VT, MPI, PT, After each test carried out Y
UT, RT)
Weld log records Update after each joint welded and Y

inspected, including consumable data
Fit up report shall specify that fit-up check has been done for ecah joint including misalignment
verification. The readings of misalignment shall be recorded in the fit up report for the first day
of production and thereafter twice per shift.
C.2 WELDING EQUIPMENT, TOOLS AND PERSONNEL
C.2.1 Welding equipment and tools
AR C.2.1.1
CONTRACTOR shall be certified according to the quality requirements of ISO 3834-2.


Pag. 27 of 70
AP C.2.1.7
Independent calibrated instrumentation for all applied welding processes shall be made available
for the CONTRACTOR QC Inspection personnel for measuring and recording relevant parameters,
such as current, voltage, welding speed and Heat Input.
Other parameters (i.e. Preheat and Interpass temperature, Shielding Gas flow rate and wire
speed) shall be manually recorded on frequency that will be agreed upon.
All calibrated instrumentation shall be verified on site before using and a log with valid calibration
records shall be maintained by CONTRACTOR quality department.
All instrumentation to be used on site shall be guaranteed for using under the environmental
temperature conditions (minimum and maximum temperature range).
CONTRACTOR QC inspectors shall check the compliance of electrical welding parameters for
automatic processes.
AP C.2.1.8
Gauges for measuring the weld preparation, weld bead profile, and the profile of weld repair
excavations shall also be provided.
AP C.2.1.9
Copper contact shoes shall be visually checked after each weld to ensure that they are not being
fused into the weld pool.
Damaged copper shoes shall be systematically replaced.
Management copper shoes procedure shall issued by CONTRACTOR for COMPANY approval
AP C.2.1.10
CONTRACTOR shall have equipment available to both measure magnetism of the pipes and to
de-magnetize them if required.
AP C.2.1.113
Welding machines shall be electrically isolated from the lay vessel and the earth return of each
machine shall have a dedicated connection to the pipe in the vicinity of the welding station.
AP C.2.1.12
Welding equipment shall be calibrated and maintained in a condition that ensures continuity of
operation and the production of welded joints that consistently meet the quality requirements of
this Specification.
AP C.2.1.13
Mechanized welding equipment shall be operated in conjunction with calibrated registration

system capable of measuring and recording the following welding parameters:
Welding voltage
Welding current


Pag. 28 of 70
Welding speed
Heat Input
Other parameters (i.e. Preheat and Interpass temperature,Wire speed,Shielding Gas Flow Rate)
shall be manually recorded.
AP C.2.1.14
Each mechanized welding station shall be demonstrated to be fully operational before it is

employed to weld any joints that will be incorporated into the pipeline.
This demonstration shall be carried out on two full girth welds made consecutively, each weld
being required to meet the production acceptance criteria without the need for any repair before
the start of production.
NDT operator shall utilize the agreed pipeline NDT techniques and equipment.
Internal welding equipment, if used, shall also require operational demonstration.
Each of these pre-construction welds shall be uniquely identified and reserved for possible
mechanical evaluation by COMPANY.
This operational demonstration may be also requested by COMPANY after each of the following
cases:
— any maintenance requiring significant equipment strip down,
— LQWHUUXSWLRQVGD\VLQSLSHOLQHZHOGLQJ
— when a welding spread is broken down and transferred from one section of the line to
another.
The proposal shall detail the intended level of technician support for equipment maintenance
and shall also list the principal spares that will be available in order to maintain equipment
serviceability for the duration of the pipelay.
The proposal shall also advise if a manual or partly-mechanised welding procedure is to be

qualified for production or repair welding.
AP C.2.1.15
In order to guarantee that the sealine is properly welded, the Contractor shall be provided with
equipment suitable to the nature of the work, and arrange for the maintenance of the same,
which shall be performed during welding operations so that the equipment is always in perfect
order.
The Welding Contractor shall keep an adequate stock of spare parts and/or ready-to-use spare
equipment in the workplace to ensure continuity of operations at all times during the
performance of the work and minimize interruptions of work due to break down.


Pag. 29 of 70
C.2.2 Personnel
AR C.2.2.1
At least one International Welding Engineer (with minimum five years of proven experience)
shall be clearly identified in the CONTRACTOR project organization chart and shall be available
on full time basis during the pipeline construction.
AR C.2.2.3
Any welder found responsible for a high level of defects/repairs in production and/or for arbitrary
deviation from the applicable WPS shall be removed from production. At the discretion of
Inspector, the welder in question may be retested after an agreed period of retraining.
TR C.2.2.4
Welding operators performing mechanized and automatic welding shall be qualified according to
ISO 14732.
Production welds shall not be used for the purpose of qualifying welders.
Welding operators shall be qualified for all passes of the girth weld. Welding operator not
qualified in accordance with this specification shall not be used for production.
Start and stop condition shall be simulated during the operator qualification test in a position
different than 12 or 6 o’clock.
All welder qualifications shall be carried out in the presence of the Third Party inspector and
COMPANY representative.
For GMAW-STT or GMAW-CMT, dedicated qualified welder shall be envisaged.
Commentary note: it is recommended to verify the welder ability to grinding in a proper way the
start and stop of first welding pass before to carry out the second one. If this grinding is not correctly
carried out, it can be the main cause of typical indication/defect in the start and stop area.
During welder qualification for SAW mechanised process, the same welding consumables (i.e.
type classification and brand name for wire/flux combination) and the same or equivalent( i.e.
type and model) welding equipment to those to be used during construction of the pipeline shall
be used. In addition, for sour service, the pipe for test welds shall be of those to be used during
construction of the pipeline and production batches for wire/flux combination shall be adopted.
The welder shall make a test weld under simulated field conditions or on the lay barge, as
appropriate. In case of multi-process procedures, the qualification shall be done on a
representative single test piece.
Each operator for automatic welding shall be qualified by a pre-production welding test in
accordance with ISO 14732 and the requirements of this specification.
TR C.2.2.5
Welder performing manual and partly mechanized welding shall be qualified according to ISO
9606-1; this requirement is also applicable for welder performing temporary welds and tack
welds.
Production welds shall not be used for the purpose of qualifying welders.

Pag. 30 of 70
Welders not qualified in accordance with this specification shall not be used for production.
All welder qualifications shall be carried out in the presence of the Third Party inspector and
COMPANY representative.
For approval of manual or semi-automatic welding, welders shall make a test weld in accordance
with the approved WPS for inspection and testing.
More than one welder may be employed in welding a test piece provided each welder completes
at least 50% of the circumference of a weld pass. The position of each welder shall be clearly
identified when employing more than one welder.
Where more than one welding process or welder is employed in producing a test piece, the
approval of the welders for production welding shall be limited to their part of the weld of the
test piece.
In case of sour service, during welder qualification, the same welding consumables (same
classification, manufacturer and brand name) and the same or equivalent welding equipment to
those to be used during construction of the pipeline shall be used. The pipe for test welds shall
be of those to be used during construction of the pipeline. The welder shall make a test weld
under simulated field conditions or on the lay barge, as appropriate.
In case of multi-process procedures, the qualification shall be done on a representative single

test piece.
When testing manual or partly-mechanised welders for execution of a weld without back pass,
the test pipe ends shall be closed so that internal check of the weld root cannot be made by
welders during performance of welding.
TR C.2.1.6
Repair welders will be qualified for all types of repair after successfully being tested on full
penetration repair providing the welding processes are the same for the particular section.
Minimum repair length shall be 300 mm, and the repair shall be performed in the most difficult
position expected (normally 6 o’clock position).
TR C.2.2.8
Qualification NDT shall be 100% visual examination, 100% radiographic ormanual/automatic

ultrasonic testing, and 100% magnetic particle or liquid penetrant testing. Selected volumetric
NDT techquinique shall be consistent with the one to be used in production. For welding operator
performing mechanised and automatic welding, AUT can replace the RT testing if this type of
inspection has been applied and qualified according the approved procedure for production girth
welds inspection.
Test requirements and acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with Appendix D, subsection
D.2 and relevant additional requirements stated by this specification.
TR C.2.2.9
The following destructive testing shall be carried out for each welder and welding operator
qualification.


Pag. 31 of 70
— Bend testing to be performed in accordance with ISO 5173 with test specimen location
as per ISO 9606-1 or ISO 13847:2013. Acceptance requirement for bend tests shall be in
accordance with ISO 9606-1.
— Macro-examination to be performed in accordance with ISO 17639. One specimen shall

be taken at a location corresponding approximately to the 3 o’clock position and one specimen
corresponding approximately to the 6 o’clock position. The specimens shall be free from cracks
and lack of fusion. Any other imperfections shall be within the limits specified in Appendix D,
(table D-4) and relevant additional requirements stated by this specification.
Bend testing may be omitted in situations where AUT is applied during welder qualification and
already validated in accordance with this COMPANY standard.
Commentary note: It is necessary to use AUT project validated system in order to have the same
level of inspection to be used in production.
In case of GMAW-STT process, bend test and Macro-examination destructive test shall be also
carried out for each welder and welding operator qualification in addition to AUT for start and
stop position of first welding pass only.
Commentary note: GMAW-STT is prone to show some indications in the start and stop area of the
first pass. This issue can be mitigated with a proper grinding of this area and welder shall be trained
for these particular activities.
AR C.2.2.12
Further retesting after second failure shall be by agreement between CONTRACTOR and
COMPANY.
TR C.2.2.13
The period of validity of approval for a welder or welding operator shall commence on the date
that all the required testing and inspection of the test welds has been satisfactorily completed.
This date may be different from the date of issue of the approval documentation.
The approval of a welder or welding operator shall remain valid for a period of two years
provided that
the welder or welding operator is engaged with reasonable continuity in welding work for
which the approval is applicable. A welder or welding operator approval shall be cancelled
following an interruption of six months or more in the welding to which the approval
relates,
the welder or welding operator demonstrates adequate skill and knowledge, and
compliance with the above requirements is confirmed at six-month intervals and recorded
in the welder or welding approval documentation.
The approval shall be cancelled if any of the above conditions is not fulfilled.
AR C.2.2.14
Previous welder qualification tests may be accepted by COMPANY for the welding of C-Mn linepipe
provided they are fully documented within the range of this Specification and supported by
production records demonstrating satisfactory welder performance within the preceding six
months. Company reserves the right to reject previous qualification or require additional testing.


Pag. 32 of 70
AR C.2.2.15
Welder identification numbers shall not be re-allocated during the contract.
Each welder/operator shall be given a unique identification number which shall be permanently
marked against all welds produced. A list of qualified personnel (with photographs and
identification documents) shall be kept up to date by CONTRACTOR welding coordinator and
made available to COMPANY for review.
AP C.2.2.21
All relevant variables of the test welding and the inspection and testing results for the test weld
shall be recorded on the welder approval documentation.
AP C.2.2.22
The pipes for welder/welding operator qualification test pieces shall be fixed as follows:
Horizontally for production welding on pipes positioned within 25° of the horizontal.
Vertically for production welding on pipes positioned within 25° of the vertical.
At 45° for positions H-L045 or J-L045 for production welding of pipes positioned between
25° to the vertical and 25° to the horizontal.
Welder qualified as above is also qualified for roll girth welding.
Test pieces for roll girth welding shall be made between lengths of pipe rotating about a
horizontal axis. The root pass shall include a stop/start when more than one welder is employed
during production welding.
AP C 2.2.23
A qualified welder or qualified welding operator shall be employed for production welding within
the range of essential variables specified in this specification.
Any variations beyond the specified ranges shall require a new welder or welding operator
qualification.
The essential variables for welder qualification only and applicable ranges shall be as follows:
A. welding process: same welding process(es);

B. direction of welding: same direction;
C. position:
same when qualified for horizontal or vertical or L045 position;
all positions if qualified for both horizontal and vertical position;
roll welding if qualified in any fixed position;
D. pipe wall thickness for girth welding only:
all pipe wall thicknesses from 3 mm to twice the wall thickness of the pipe used
for test welding, if the wall thickness for test welding is more than 3 mm and does
not exceed 12 mm; or
all wall thicknesses of 5 mm and more if the wall thickness for test welding exceeds
12 mm.
E. for girth welding: variations in pipe diameter in accordance with the following table:
Outside diameter of the test piece, d (mm) Range of approval


Pag. 33 of 70
G 0.5d to 2d
d > 168.3 G
F. weld preparation: same weld preparation;

G. backing: use of same backing or addition of backing;
H. electrode coating for SMAW: same type classification;
I. electrode diameter for SMAW: same diameter;
J. shielding gas: same gas or gas mixture;
Welding operator qualified is approved for production welding according to the WPS used for the
qualification test; the approved pipe thickness range shall be 0,75 to 1,5 times the wall thickness
of the test piece.
C.3 WELDING CONSUMABLES
C.3.1 General
AR C.3.1.4
SAW fluxes shall not be used to enhance alloy content.
PM C.3.1.7
All welding consumables shall be individually marked and supplied with an inspection certificate
type 3.1 according to ISO 10474. Certificate type 2.2 is sufficient for SAW flux.
TR C.3.1.8
The use of cellulose coated electrode is not permitted.
TR C.3.1.9
Refer to [C.3.1.8]
C.3.2 Chemical Composition
TR C.3.2.1
All welding consumables shall be delivered in accordance with Manufacturer's data sheets and
this specification, which shall state the minimum and maximum levels of C, Mn, Si, P, S, micro-
alloying elements and any other intentionally added elements.
TR C.3.2.3
For all consumables, the analysis shall represent the weld metal, deposited according to EN
26847 (ISO 6847). The analysis shall include all elements specified in the relevant classification
standard and the relevant data sheet.
TR C.3.2.4


Pag. 34 of 70
When sour service is specified, the chemical composition of the deposited weld metal shall
comply with ISO 15156. In addition, the following chemical composition restrictions shall be
met:
Carbon (C) content shall not exceed 0.10 percent in weight.

Silicon (Si) content shall not exceed 1.0 percent in weight.
Nickel (Ni) content shall not exceed 1.0 percent in weight.
C.3.3 Mechanical properties
AR C.3.3.6
Batch testing is always required for sour service.
C.3.4 Batch testing of welding consumables for pipeline girth welds
TR C.3.4.1
A consumable batch is defined as follow in accordance with ISO 14344:
Covered electrodes: class C4

Bare solid electrodes and rods: class S3
Flux cored electrodes and rods: class T3
Fluxes for submerged arc welding: class F2
PM C.3.4.8
For coated electrodes and cored wires, the analysis shall represent the weld metal, deposited
according to EN 26847 (ISO 6847). For all other consumables the analysis shall represent
the product itself. The analysis, made by manufacturer or contractor, shall include:
all elements specified in the relevant classification standard and the relevant data sheet,
see [C3.2.1]
the N content.
COMPANY reserves the right to require additional element in the analysis.
C.3.5 Shielding, backing and plasma gases
AR C.3.5.2
The moisture content of all gases shall correspond to a dew-point of -40°C or lower at
atmospheric pressure.
TR C.3.5.5
Gases shall be pre-mixed and bottled by the Supplier.
Subject to COMPANY approval, standard Ar/CO2 compositions may be mixed at site if the mixing
is a part of a mechanised process which utilises a fail-safe cut off when the proportions fall
outside of those specified in the approved welding procedure.


Pag. 35 of 70
Subject to COMPANY approval, standard Ar/CO2 compositions may be mixed at site with
calibrated gas mixers available at the welding station. The flow rate and gas composition shall
be checked in each station by QC inspector with a frequency to be defined.
AP C.3.5.6
For gas mixtures with specified additions, such as 2% O2 or 5% O2, the variation of such additions
shall not exceed ± 10% of that stated in the WPS.
Gas mixtures containing hydrogen shall not be used.
C.3.6 Handling and storage of welding consumables
AR C.3.6.1
The procedure shall be prepared by CONTRACTOR for COMPANY approval prior to start of the
production.
TR C.3.6.2
The Manufacturer's recommendations may be adapted for conditions at the location of welding
provided the following requirements are met.
All consumables shall be treated with care in order to avoid contamination, moisture pick-
up and rusting, and shall be stored under controlled dry conditions. Ranges of
temperature and relative humidity for storage shall be stated.
Only vacuum packaging is allowed for covered electrodes; after the pack is open,
electrodes shall be used only according to Manufacturer’s recommendations. Electrode
backing and re-use is not permitted. At the opening date, each “vacuum” pack shall be
signed by the CONTRACTOR inspector with registration of date and opening time.
Each tin or packet of covered electrodes, or reel of filler wire shall be clearly marked with
the respective batch number. In the event of consumables being unmarked or showing
signs of deterioration or other damage, they shall be discarded. Different grades, different
brands and different batches of electrodes and filler materials than those qualified and
approved shall not be used and completely segregated.
Flux shall be delivered in moisture proof containers/bags. The moisture proof integrity of
bags shall be verified upon delivery and when retrieving bags for use. The flux shall only
be taken from undamaged containers/bags directly into a hopper or storage container.
Fluxes shall be baked according to approved procedure before use. After baking, fluxes
shall be maintained in oven at the storage temperature recommended by the
Manufacturer until use.
Fluxes re-baking and recycling is permitted provided that recycled flux shall be qualified
as table C-2
The temperature ranges for heated hoppers, holding boxes and storage containers shall
be in accordance with the flux manufacturer’s recommendations and the approved
procedure.


Pag. 36 of 70
C.4 WELDING PROCEDURES
C.4.1 General
AP C.4.1.3
The WPS shall be approved and signed by CONTRACTOR’s welding engineer and then issued for
COMPANY approval.
Prior to starting with production welding, the reference WPS(s) and supporting PQR(s) shall be
submitted for COMPANY approval (at least 2 weeks before).
C.4.2 Previously qualified welding procedures

General
TR C.4.2.3
Previously qualified welding procedures shall not be used.
Pipeline components
TR C.4.2.6
Previously qualified welding procedures shall not be used.
C.4.5 Welding procedure specification
AR C.4.5.1
CONTRACTOR shall maintain an up to date welding procedure register, cross linked to WPQR
and application. This register shall be available to COMPANY.
Review and approval of the welding procedures by the COMPANY does not relieve the
CONTRACTOR of the responsibility to produce satisfactory welds.
All relevant COMPANY approved WPS shall be displayed at each work location and shall be readily
available to each welder in English and in the welders’ working language if different from English
as considered appropriate.
C.4.7 Contents of preliminary welding procedure specification
AR C.4.7.1
The pWPS shall be in compliance with ISO 15609-1 and all requirement of this specification.
In addition to table C-1 the following technical information shall be included in the pWPS:
The steel manufacturer for all grades (i.e. aOVRZLWK60<603D

CE or CEpcm of each base material
Batch number of each welding consumable to be used
Minimum recorded temperature of weld after cooling to below preheat temperature
Cleaning methods for bevel


Pag. 37 of 70
The pWPS shall contain the following general information:
Contract number and project title

pWPS identification number and number of revision
CONTRACTOR’s Logo
CONTRACTOR’s welding engineer signature for approval
All average values of welding parameter shall be written in the certificate and used to calculate
the heat input per each pass as per the following formula:
V I
HI k 6 10 3
vs
where:
HI is the heat input (KJ/mm)

k is the thermal efficiency factor (according to EN1011-1)
V is the average welding voltage per pass (V)
I is the average welding current per pass (A)
vs is the average welding speed per pass (cm/min)
Welding parameter shall be measured as close to the arc as possible.
For sour service, minimum two passes (root and hot passes) shall be completed before cooling
below the preheat temperature. Alternatively, minimum interpass temperature between root and
hot pass is to be considered an essential variable for welding qualification. In case of STT +
GMAW, both the minimum preheat temperature for the root pass (STT process) and the
minimum preheat temperature for hot pass (GMAW process) shall be qualified during WPQT.For
sour service, accelerated cooling (air, water) is permitted provided that it is qualified during
WPQT.
C.4.8 Essential variables for welding procedures
TR C.4.8.1
Qualified welding procedure remains valid as long as the essential variables are kept within the
limits specified in the following Table C-2 that replaces Table C-2 of DNVGL ST F101.
Table C-2 Essential variables for welding of pipelines girth welds and component
longitudinal welds
Variable Change Requiring re-qualification

1 Manufacturer
Manufacturer a Any change in responsibility for operational, technical
and quality control. Transfer of an approved WPS
between CONTRACTORs is not allowed.
2 Welding Process
The process(es) used a Any change
The order of processes used b Any change when multiple processes are used

Pag. 38 of 70
Manual, partly-mechanised, c Any change between manual, partly-mechanised,

mechanised or automatic mechanised and automatic welding
welding
3 Welding equipment
Welding a Any change in make, type and model for partly-
mechanised, mechanised and automatic welding
Welding equipment b Any change in type for manual welding
Number of wires c Change from single wire to multiple wire system and
vice versa (e.g. going from tandem/twin to single wire).
This does not apply to multiple torch systems where the
wires feed into separate weld pools.
4 Base Material
Material grade a Any change of material grade
Supply condition b A change in the supply condition (TMCP, Q/T or
normalised)
Steel Supplier c Any change in base material origin (steel mill)
and/or pipe manufacturer
For qualification of girth welds that involve
pipeline fittings, welding procedure qualification
shall be performed using test rings from the same
manufacturers made using the same
manufacturing process and heat treatment of the
original fittings.
Chemical composition d An increase in Pcm of more than 0.020, CE of more than
0.030 and C content of more than 0.02% for C-Mn and
low alloy steel
Manufacturing process e A change in manufacturing process (rolled, seamless,
forged, cast)
UNS number f N/A (Not Applicable)
5 Material Thickness
Material Thickness a For non-H2S service:
(t=nominal thickness of test — WPP$FKDQJHRXWVLGHWWRW
joint) — t > 25 mm: A change outside 0.75 t to 1.25 t
For H2S service:

— A change outside the thickness interval 0.75 t to 1.25
t
Nominal ID of pipe b For manual and partly-mechanised welding:
— ,'PP$FKDQJHRXWVLGH,'WR
ID
— ID > 168,3 mm: A change < 0.5 ID
For mechanized and automatic welding:
— Any change in ID of the test piece qualified
6 Groove preparation
Groove design/configuration a Any change in joint design (e.g. from U grove to
V groove) and groove dimensions outside the
tolerances specified in the agreed WPS (all
dimensions shall have tolerances).
Backing and backing material b Addition or deletion of backing or change of backing
material (e.g. from copper to ceramic)
7 Alignment and tack welding
Tack welding a Any change in removal of tack welds or integration of
tack welds in the weld.
Line-up clamp b Omission of a line-up clamp, a change in line-up clamp
type and a change between external and internal line-
up clamp

Pag. 39 of 70
Removal of line-up clamp c Any reduction in length of each section of root pass
welded; the spacing of sections, number of sections and
percentage of circumference welded for external line-
up clamp
d Any change in number of completed passes and
length of passes for internal line-up clamp
8 Welding consumables
Electrode or filler metal a
Any change of diameter or cross section area
b
Any change of type classification and brand (brand not
applicable for bare wire)
c Any use of a non tested welding consumables batch
when batch testing is required
d Any use of a welding consumables batch with a
reduction in tensile or impact properties of more than –
10% from the batch used for WPQR when batch testing
is not required
Flux e Any change of type, classification and brand
f Any increase in the ratio of recycled to
new flux.
9 shielding, backing and plasma gases
Gas according to EN 439 a Any change in designation, classification and purity
according to ISO 14175
Other gases and gas mixture b Any change in nominal composition, purity and dew
point.
Oxygen content of backing c Any increase
gas
Shielding gas flow rate d For processes 131, 135 136, 137 and 141: Any change
in flow rate beyond ± 10%
10 Electrical characteristic and pulsing data
Polarity a Any change in polarity
AC,DC or pulsed current b Any change in type of current and a change from
normal to pulsed current and vice versa.
Pulse frequency range in c Any change in: Pulse frequency for background and
pulsed manual welding peak current exceeding ± 10% and pulse duration
range exceeding ± 10%.
11 Arc Characteristics
Mode of metal transfer a A change from spray arc, globular arc or pulsating arc
to short circuiting arc and vice versa
12 Welding techniques
Angle of pipe axis to the a A change of more than ± 15° from the position welded.
horizontal Range of approval for welding position shall be in
accordance with ISO 13847:2013 - Table 4
“Range of approval for welding positions”
Welding direction b A change from upwards to downwards welding and vice
versa
Stringer/weave c A change from stringer to weave of more than 3X
electrode/wire diameter or vice versa, for manual and
partly-mechanised welding only.
Sequence of deposition of d Any change in the sequence
different consumables
Sequence fo sides welded e Any change in the sequence
first and last (double sided
welds)
Passes welded from each side f Change from single to multi pass welding and vice
versa.


Pag. 40 of 70
Number of welders g Any decrease in number of welders for welding of

root and hot pass
Time lapse between h Any increase above maximum time qualified
completion for root pass and
start of hot pass
Weld completion i1 Any reduction in the number of passes completed
before cooling to below preheat temperature.
i2 Any reduction in minimum recorded temperature

after cooling to below preheat temperature
during WPQR.
Accelerated weld cooling j — Any change in method and medium and any increase
in maximum temperature of the weld at start of cooling.
—
13 Preheating
Preheat temperature a Any reduction
Initial temperature when b Any reduction
preheat is not used
Preheating Method c Propane qualifies induction coil preheating but
not vice-versa
14 Interpass temperature
Maximum and minimum Any increase in maximum interpass temperature
interpass temperature recorded during WPQR.
Any reduction below the preheat temperature.
15 Heat input
Heat input range for each a For non-H2S (non-sour) service:
pass Any change exceeding ± 15%
b For H2S (sour) service:
Any change exceeding ± 10%
Calculation method of heat input for each process
shall be agreed during WPQT
c N/A (Not applicable)
16 Post weld
Post heating; hydrogen a
Any reduction in the time and temperature and
release deletion but not addition of post
heating.
Post weld heat treatment b Addition or deletion of post weld heat treatment.
Any change in holding temperature exceeding ± 20°C.
Any change in heating and cooling rates outside ± 5%
Holding time c Any change in holding time outside below formula (±
5%):
holding time = (actual thickness/qualified thickness) ×
qualified holding time
17 Specific for the SAW welding process
Wire electrode configuration a Each variant of process 12 (121 to125) shall be
qualified separately
Flux b Any change of type, classification and brand.
Arc voltage range c Any change beyond ± 10%
Wire feed sped d Any change beyond ± 10%
Travel speed feed e Any change beyond ± 10%
18 Specific for the FCAW welding process
Mode of metal transfer a A change from short circuiting transfer to spray or
globular transfer.
Qualification with spray or globular transfer qualifies
both spray or globular transfer


Pag. 41 of 70
Arc voltage range b Any change beyond ± 10%

Wire feed sped c Any change beyond ± 10%
Travel speed feed d Any change beyond ± 10%
19 Specific for GMAW welding process
Arc voltage range b Any change beyond ± 10%
Wire feed sped c Any change beyond ± 10%
Travel speed feed d Any change beyond ± 10%
20 Specific for the GTAW welding process
Diameter and codification of a Any change
tungsten electrode (ISO
6848)
Hot or cold wire b A change from hot to cold wire and vice versa
Current range c Any change beyond ± 10%
21 Specific for the PAW welding process
Hot or cold wire a A change from hot to cold wire and vice
versa.
22 Specific for automatic welding of pipeline girth welds
Control software a Any change
Pre-set parameters b Any change (applies to parameters that
can not be adjusted by the welder).
23 Specific for mechanised welding of pipeline girth welds
Control software a Any change
24 Specific for repair welding
Welding techniques a A change from internal to external repairs
and vice versa for pipeline girth welds.
b A change from single to multi pass repairs
and vice versa.
c A change from cold to thermal method for
removal of the defect but not vice versa.
d Any increase above 20% in the depth of
excavation for partial thickness repairs.
Multiple test pieces
PM C.4.8.6
Multiple test pieces may be required to qualify a pWPS where the size of a single test piece will
not allow extraction of sufficient number of test specimens according to Figure C-2. In such cases
the heat input for the same weld regions and passes between the test pieces should be as similar
as possible. Maximum allowed heat input variations between the different test pieces are:
— 10% for mechanised and automated welding
— 20% for manual and partly-mechanised welding
An average heat input shall be calculated in line with [C.5.1.7].
Hardness and impact testing shall be taken as follows:
hardness test specimens from the test piece and position welded with the lowest heat
input
impact test specimens from the test piece and position welded with the highest heat
input.

Pag. 42 of 70
PM C.4.8.7
When it is intended to qualify a pWPS with an extended heat input range (larger difference
between high and low heat input) , the maximum difference between lowest and highest average
heat input shall not exceed 30%. In the production WPS it is allowed to add the heat input
tolerances as given in Table C-2. All required mechanical testing shall be performed on test
pieces welded with both high and low heat input, including Fracture testing as required by
DNV RP F108 for ECA when applied.
Additional Essential Variables for J-Lay Method
AP C.4.8.13
In case of J-lay method, a change of angle of tower in excess to ±15° requires a re-qualification.
For this reason the pWPS shall be prepared considering the actual range of tower angles.
C.5 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURES
C.5.1 General
PM C.5.1.2
The number of test joints shall be sufficient to obtain the required number of specimens from
the required locations given in Figure C-1 and Figure C-2. Allowance for re-testing shall be
considered when deciding the number of test joints to be welded.
TR C.5.1.3
The test joints for qualification welding shall be of sufficient size to give realistic restraint during
welding.
When an internal line-up clamp will be used in production welding, the length of the nipples used
in the WPQT shall be sufficient to accommodate the full length of the clamp.
The minimum length of each pup piece used during qualification shall be 300 mm length or 1.5
pipe diameters, whichever is the greater.
The minimum length of test rings for the WPQT tests of fittings and flanges shall be subject to
agreement with COMPANY.
When short pipe lengths are available to be used for WPQT, an extension will be constructed to
accommodate the full length of the internal alignment clamp.
AR C.5.1.4
The WPQ welds shall be made on line pipe material supplied for the actual project. The pipe and
heat number of the test pieces and all welding parameters shall be recorded.


Pag. 43 of 70
Qualification welding
TR C.5.1.7
The following requirements apply:
— the welding qualification test shall be representative for the production welding with
respect to welding positions, interpass temperature, application of preheat (propane will
also qualify for induction coil preheating), heat conduction, etc.
— if multiple welding arcs are combined in a single welding head the parameters for each
welding arc shall be recorded.
— the direction of plate rolling (when relevant) and the 12 o’clock position (for fixed pipe
positions) shall be marked on the test piece.
— when more than one welding process or filler metal is used to weld a test piece, the
parameters used and the approximate thickness of the weld metal deposited shall be
recorded for each welding process and filler metal.
— permanent tack welds fused into the final joint during WPQT are not admitted, only
temporary tack welds should be performed according to TR C.7.2.9 of this specification.
— each test piece shall be uniquely identified by hard stamping or indelible marking adjacent
to the weld and the records made during test welding, non-destructive testing and
mechanical testing shall be traceable to each test piece.
— The welding and testing for WPS qualification shall be witnessed by an international
recognized Third Party approved by the COMPANY. All PQRs shall be certified by the same
international recognized Third Party.
— A procedure for welding parameters recording and heat input calculation shall be issued
for COMPANY approval and shall be applied during both qualification and production.
A dedicated independent system shall be used for welding parameter recording (i.e. Portable Arc
Monitoring System).
For WPQT a calibrated and certified registration system shall be used for measuring and
recording the following welding parameters:
— Welding Voltage
— Welding Current
— Welding speed
— Heat Input
— Wire speed (where applicable)
— Shielding Gas Flow Rate (where applicable)
Wire speed and Shielding Gas Flow Rate can be manually recorded.
All the registrations shall be annexed to the WPQR.
Pipeline girth welds
— the welding qualification test shall be representative for the production welding with
respect to angle of pipe axis., interpass temperature, application of preheat, heat
conduction, etc.
— for girth welds in welded pipe in all positions, except 1G (PA) and 2G (PC), it is
recommended that one of the pipes used for the welding procedure qualification test be
fixed with the longitudinal weld in the 6 or 12 o'clock position.

Pag. 44 of 70
— IRUZHOGLQJRISLSHZLWKGLDPHWHU´LQIL[HGSRVLWLRQVWKHZHOGFLUFXPIHUHQFHVKDOO
be divided in appropriate sectors around the circumference. The welding parameters shall
be recorded for each pass in each sector and for each welding arc. Sectors shall be defined
on the basis of number of welding arc to be used in the production (e.g. No.2 of welding
arc correspond to two sectors) and specific welding pass length (e.g. sector length
relative to a fill strip pass shal be defined accordingly). For manual welding, the heat
input for a sector shall be recorded as average of all the average heat inputs for the run-
out lengths in each pass in that sector.
— for welding of pipe with diameter < 20” the heat input shall be recorded for each pass.
For manual welding, the heat input for each pass shall be recorded as average of all the
average heat inputs for the run-out lengths in each pass in the pipe circumference.
— the heat input range to be stated on the WPS for the full circumference shall be based on
the highest and lowest circumferential or sectoral average heat input, as relevant, with
tolerances as given in Table C-2. Grouping of passes, e.g. fill and cap passes, may be
allowed subject to agreement.
—
Commentary note:
x In case of multiple test pieces used for the same pWPS, the highest and lowest heat input
for each pass or sector shall be used as refrence for the definition of the HEAT input range on
the WPS using the tollerance specified by tabke C-2. Paragraph C.4.8.6 shall apply in any
case.
x In case a sector shorter than semi-circunference is defined and qualified during WPQT, it shall
be identified in thw WPS (e.g. strip pass).
— internal Line-up clamps shall be used for all mainline welding, whenever practicable, and
could be released before second pass is performed, according to the final welding process,
or combination of processes, selected for root-hot passes. Reference is made to section
10.5.2.3
— external line-up clamps shall be used when the use of internal clamps is not practicable;
external line-up clamps shall not be removed before at least 50% of the root pass,
uniformly spaced around the circumference, has been completed. The length of each
section, the spacing of the sections, the number of sections welded and the percentage
of welded sections of the circumference shall be recorded.
— if it is expected that the interpass temperature will drop below preheat temperature
during installation welding, this scenario shall be simulated during qualification welding.
The number of passes completed before cooling to below preheat temperature shall be
recorded. In case of an interruption of welding before the completion of second (hot)
pass, analysis shall be performed in accordance with section [10.5.2.3]
— accelerated cooling of the weld shall be performed during qualification welding if
accelerated weld cooling, e.g. for AUT will be performed in production. The cooling
method and the weld temperature at the start of the cooling shall be recorded. A macro
and hardness shall be taken at cooling start point.
— only heating sources installed to the external pipe surface are allowed, special care shall
be applied in order to prevent any damage on the coating.
— the specified temperature shall extend around the entire circumference of the pipe or the
part being joined over a length of at least 75mm on each side of the joint.


Pag. 45 of 70
TR C.5.1.8
Cellulose covered electrodes shall not be used.
AP C.5.1.9
Prior to starting with welding of qualification test pieces , at least 30 days before, the
CONTRACTOR shall submit to COMPANY the WPQT plan that shall contain the following
documents for approval :
preliminary WPS (pWPS) approved and signed by CONTRACTOR’s welding engineer;

Materials involved (delivery condition, mill, OD, WT)
List of pWPS to be qualified
Mechanical tests summary table (type & number) for each pWPS
Mechanical test location sheet (i.e. cutting sheet)
Acceptance criteria for mechanical test
NDT (method and extent)
HI calculation and NDT procedures;
WPQT procedure including test specimen locations.
Before starting the welding procedure qualification, CONTRACTOR shall have the relevant pWPS
approved by COMPANY.
All activities related to welding and testing for qualification shall be coordinated by the
CONTRACTOR’s welding coordinator or other internal inspector or qualified representative.
CONTRACTOR shall give to the COMPANY, at least 30 days in advance, notice of all welding
procedure qualification testing, welder qualification testing, and laboratory testing.
COMPANY, or its representative, shall have the right to witness all of the following:
welding procedure qualifications;

laboratory testing or examination.
C.5.2 Repair welding procedures
AR C.5.2.4
Groove excavation shall be performed by cold method (i.e. grinding) or thermal gauging. Air-arc
gouging is permitted provided it is qualified during WPQT and provided the last 3 mm or the
corrosion allowance thickness are removed by grinding, whichever is greater.
Qualification welding
AP C.5.2.12
Only manual welding processes ) are admitted for repair welding. See section [TR C.1.2.3] for
allowed welding processes
Each test piece for welding repair qualification shall be submitted to the same NDT inspection
applied in production using the same NDT approved procedure.


Pag. 46 of 70
C.5.3 Qualification of girth butt welds and component longitudinal welds welding
procedures
TR C.5.3.1
Qualification of welding procedures for pipeline system girth welds and welds in pipeline
components shall be performed by any of the arc welding processes specified in [TR C.1.2.3] of
this specification.
AR C.5.3.3
For sour service only, two additional macro and hardness shall be performed in correspondence
with location number 4 and 6 of Figure C-2- “welding procedure qualification test – sampling of
test specimens for girth butt welds” of Appendix C.
PM C.5.3.4
)RUSLSHOLQHJLUWKZHOGVH[SRVHGWRVWUDLQWHVWLQJshall be performed to determine the

properties of weld metal in the strained and aged condition after deformation cycles and also at
elevated temperature. See DNVGL-RP-F108.
TR C.5.3.5
Qualification of repair welding procedures for pipeline system girth welds and welds in pipeline
components shall be only performed by manual welding processes as specified in section
[C.1.2.3].
TR C.5.3.7
It is recommended that following types of repairs should be qualified to the extent that such
repairs are feasible and applicable for the repair situation considering the size of pipe or
component in question:
Trough thickness repair: first only, no second repair shall be permitted;

Partial thickness repair;
Partial thickness re-repair;
Single pass cap repair: first only, no second single pass repair shall be permitted (a partial
re-repair can be done if qualfied);
In process root repair: first only (to be qualfied only for sour service), no second repair
shall be permitted;
Single pass root sealing repair is not permitted;
For pipes that will be installed by the reeled/unreeled method, no repairs on the root pass
shall be allowed. The weld shall be cut out, re-prepared and re-welded.
Repairs that are not qualified cannot be implemented during construction therefore welds
showing repairs not qualified shall be rejected.
Only qualified repair welding procedure can be used in production.
AP C.5.3.11
Only for sour service, WPQT shall be qualified by cooling to the minimum preheating temperature
between root and hot pass.

Pag. 47 of 70
C.5.7 Qualification of welding procedure for structural components
TR C.5.7.1
Welding procedures for structural components, supplied as a part of the pipeline systems, shall
be qualified in accordance with company standard 18003.ENG.SSE.PRG and
18046.ENG.SSE.STD. The requirements shall be appropriate for the structural categorization of
the members and stresses in the structure.
C.6 EXAMINATION AND TESTING FOR WELDING PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION
C.6.1 General
Destructive testing
AR C.6.1.5
Full traceability of all specimens to be tested shall be guaranteed by a proper cutting sheet and
marking method.
Re-testing
TR C.6.1.8
CONTRACTOR shall notify COMPANY about test failure before proceeding with any retest.
Only re-testing for mechanical tests (except for hardness test in sour service) is admitted. This
re-testing shall consist of at least two further test specimens/sets of test specimens. If both
retests meet the requirements, the test shall be regarded as acceptable. All test results, including
the failed tests, shall be reported.
SSC re-testing is addressed in the section [AP C.6.3.15] of this specification.
AR C.6.1.9
For sour service, re-testing for hardness tests is not permitted.
PM C.6.1.10
For Charpy V-notch impact testing the following requirements shall apply:
in order to consider a set as approved, the average requirement has to be met and only
one test specimen out of the three may have a value between the average and the single
minimum requirement.
retest shall be performed with two test specimen sets. All re-tested specimens
shall meet the specified minimum average toughness.
Note 1: For pipeline girth welds, if applicable, one macro and hardness specimen shall include a
pipe longitudinal seam weld.
Note 2: The indicated location of the test specimens is not required for qualification of welding
in the PA (1G rotated) where sampling positions are optional.


Pag. 48 of 70
C.6.2 Visual examination and non-destructive testing requirements
PM C.6.2.1
Each test weld shall undergo 100% visual examination and 100% Manual ultrasonic test and
100% radiographic testing and 100% magnetic particle or liquid penetrant testing. In case AUT
will be used in production it shall replace MUT. Testing shall be in accordance with [D.2] in line
with production inspection.
C.6.3 Testing of butt welds
PM C.6.3.1
All testing shall be performed in accordance with DNVGL ST F101 Appendix B and this
specification.
Bend testing
TR C.6.3.6
The end tests shall not disclose any open defects in any direction exceeding 3 mm. Defects shall
not be acceptable in the root or hot pass location regardless their size.
Minor ductile tears less than 6 mm, originating at the specimen edge may be disregarded if not
associated with obvious defects.
Charpy V-notch impact testing
TR C.6.3.7
The average and single Charpy V-notch toughness at each position shall not be less than
specified for the base material in the transverse direction (KVT values) as per LPMDS and shall
meet the requirements given both by DNVGL ST F101 [Sec.7.2.4] and ISO 13847, whichever is
more stringent.
The impact energy value requirements may be reduced pro rata for sub-size specimens in
accordance with the following formula:
80
‫=ܧ‬ × ‫݊ܧ‬
‫݊ܣ‬
where:
E is the Charpy V-notch energy defined in this specification;
En is the measured sub-size Charpy V-notch energy;
An is the specimen cross-sectional area (mm2) at the specimen notch.
Charpy V-notch testing temperature shall not be higher than testing temperature specified for
the base material.


Pag. 49 of 70
Macro section
TR C.6.3.9
Specimens and method of macro and micro-examination for the approval of a WPS shall be in
accordance with EN ISO 17639.
Macro-sections shall be visually examined using a magnification lens of at least X5 to ensure

good weld profile and absence of out-of-tolerances imperfections.
Photographic documentation showing the entire sample with the hardness survey indent
locations shall be included within the PQR.
TR C.6.3.10
The specimens shall be free from cracks and lack of fusion. Any other imperfections shall be
within the limits specified in DNVGL ST F101 Appendix D Table D-4.
Hardness Testing
TR C.6.3.12
The maximum hardness shall be:
—C-Mn and low alloy steels in non-H2S service:
275 HV10 for WM

325 HV10 for HAZ
— C-Mn and low alloy steels in H2S service
250 HV10 for HAZ and WM (for root, mid-thickness and cap)
For weld caps not exposed to the H2S media and base material thickness >9 mm,
maximum hardness of 275 HV10 is allowed
— 275 HV10 for anode pads.
In case of H2S at the seabed or reservoir souring, additional requirements of annex H shall apply.
PM C.6.3.13
In sour service for repair weld qualification, additional hardness measurements shall be
taken on bottom of excavation in the start/stop area.
Corrosion testing
TR C.6.3.15
SSC test for welding procedure qualification shall be mandatorily carried out for Severe Sour
Service (Region 3 as defined in NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-2) on all grades or when required in
LPMDS. In case of H2S at the seabed or reservoir souring, additional requirements of annex H
shall apply.
Commentary note: This specification doesn’t cover L485/X70 for which is required a dedicated
project specification. However, for this grade SSC test shall be required regardless sour region.


Pag. 50 of 70
This test is required:
on all main weld procedures

on all weld repair procedures
SSC test shall be carried out in accordance with Appendix B – section AP B.3.5 of this
specification.
No failure shall occur within the 720 hours period of test.
For all specimens, failure is either:
complete separation of the FPBT specimen;

presence of cracks at 10X and/or 100X magnification, on any inspected surfaces;
No retesting is allowed without COMPANY approval.
Any specimen failure shall be immediately reported to the COMPANY for review and confirmation.
Any tendency for blistering shall be reported after visual examination, with photographic
documentation.
C.7 WELDING AND POST WELD HEAT TREATMENTS REQUIREMENTS
C.7.1 General
TR C.7.1.2
Pre-qualification testing shall be performed for welding systems where the CONTRACTOR and
COMPANY have limited previous experience, or where the system will be used under new
conditions. All welding equipment shall be maintained in good condition in order to ensure the
quality of the weldment.
As part of pre-qualfication testing activities, CONTRACTOR shall define welding trials, including
number of acceptable test test welds, NDT and mechanical tests, to be performed and
successfully completed before to proceed with the qualification. Welding trials and NDT and
mechanical testing shall be submitted for COMPANY approval.
C.7.2 Production welding, general requirements
PM C.7.2.1
All welding shall be carried out strictly in accordance with the accepted welding procedure
specification and the requirements in this subsection. If any parameter is changed outside the
limits of the essential variables, the welding procedure shall be re-specified and re-qualified.
Essential variables and variation limits are specified in C.4.8 and relevant amendments
stated in this specification.
TR C.7.2.3
Lamination check after cut of pipe executed in the field is not requested if less than 100 mm,
including rebevelling, is removed from pipe ends.

Pag. 51 of 70
Full pipe traceability shall be reported by indelible marker in the pipe piece left (including pipe
number, heat number and pipe length). A report shall be issued to trace the pipe cut and a new
number shall be assigned to the pup piece left unused including the original pipe number followed
by an identifier letter or number to be incremented for each cut performed (i.e. pipe number/A
for the first cut, pipe number/B for second cut etc.).
Pup piece with a remaining length less than a pipe diameter can be scrapped. Procedures for
ultrasonic and magnetic particle/dye penetrant testing and acceptance criteria shall be in
accordance with Appendix D. Any pipe bevels showing unacceptable laminations shall be
cutback, re-bevelled and examined using UT to ensure no further laminations are present within
100 mm of the pipe ends.
Any coating requiring removal shall be removed by a suitable method, such as high pressure
blast spray or mechanical saw without damage or deformation of pipe or bevel.
The weld bevels and adjacent surfaces shall be free from surface defects, moisture, grease, paint
or rust immediately prior to welding. Visual examination shall be performed to ensure that
damage has not arisen as a result of coating removal.
PM C.7.2.7
The weld area shall be heated to the minimum preheat temperature specified in the WPS. Pre-
heating shall also be performed whenever moisture is present or may condense in the weld area
and/or when the ambient temperature or material temperature is below 5°C. Welding below
20°C shall not be performed without a proper preheating.
TR C.7.2.8
The preheating temperature shall be reached before starting with the first (root) weld pass and
maintained until the entire weld has been completed. For discontinued welds refer to section
C.7.2.20.
Preheating temperature before the start of the root and hot pass shall be monitored by
CONTRACTOR welding inspector for each joint welded.
Temperatures shall be measured immediately prior to commencement of welding. The

measurements shall be at 75mm from the bevel. The locations of the measurement shall be
equally spread around the pipe.
During welding (arc on) if the joint measured temperature is below the minimum preheating
temperature qualified, the joint shall be rejected and completely removed from the pipeline.
The temperature of the joint shall be determined and measured by thermometer based on
contact thermocouples.
Temperature-indicating crayons (which melt when the specified temperature is reached) may be
used only to verify that the minimum specified temperature has been reached. Crayons or paints
which indicate temperature by colour change shall not be used.
The temperature should be measured on the face opposite of that to which the heat is applied.
If this is not practicable, the heat source may be removed and the temperature determined on
the heated face once the temperature has equalized. The time between removal of the heat


Pag. 52 of 70
source and measurement of temperature shall not exceed 2 minutes for thicknesses up to and
including 25 mm.
The preheating temperatures can be measured and recorded manually.
TR C.7.2.9
Tack welding is not permitted in the main line.
Tack welding is applicable only in case of prefabrication, pipe to pipe, pipe to bend (or fitting)
and, in any case, at least when one of the two elements to be welded is free of movement and
not bounded to the pipeline by other existing welds.
Permanent tack welds to be fused into to the weld are not permitted.
Only temporary tack welds using bullets or bridging are admitted, except for tack welding in the
root pass. Temporary tack weld shall be completely included inside the weld bevel without any
involvement of root and outside surfaces.
Temporary tack welds using bridging or bullets (round solid pieces manufactured through project
pipe base material) shall only be performed according to the qualified applicable WPS. Bullets
shall be spaced equally around the joint circumference.
All temporary tack welds shall be completely removed by grinding before to proceed with welding
of the joint.
Where temporary tack welds are removed, the bevel configuration and root gaps specified in the
WPS shall be maintained for the subsequent pass and the groove visually inspected prior to
resuming welding of the root pass.
AR C.7.2.16
After arc burn removal a report shall be issued to confirm completely arc removal, NDT inspection
including remain material thickness check.
Working Clearance
AP C.7.2.22
If welding aboveground or on a barge, the working clearance around the pipe at the weld should
not be less than 0,4 m under the pipe and 0,6 m at the side and top, unless using roll welding.
Weather Conditions
AP C.7.2.23
Protection from the weather shall be provided.
Welding shall be suspended during weather conditions which, in the opinion of the CONTRACTOR
and/or the COMPANY, can adversely affect the weld quality. Weld areas shall be dry and free of
moisture.


Pag. 53 of 70
Pipe Handling
AP C.7.2.24
Pipes shall be protected from damage during all phases of handling, cleaning, bevelling, cutting
and/or re-bevelling, line-up, and during the entire welding operation.
The type of spreader bars, pipe slings and end hooks shall be designed to support each length
of pipe without damaging the pipe ends or the pipe anti-corrosion coating.
Pipe Damage
AP C.7.2.25
Pipes that contain surface defects or damage that may affect strength or reduce serviceability
shall not be welded into the pipeline. Such surface defects and damage include, but are not
limited to gouges, dents, buckles, dented or nicked bevels, laminations, split ends, pits and
cracks. The COMPANY shall be advised of all pipes designated for repair work prior to any repair
being undertaken. Repair of defects to the parent material by welding shall not be permitted.
Tapering
AP C.7.2.26
In case of pipe wall thickness transition pups shall be preferably used.
In case of tapering to be realized by the CONTRACTOR, a dedicated tapering procedure shall be

submitted for COMPANY approval.
Tapering shall be realized by machining. Tapering by manual grinding is allowed only in case of
the difference in pipes wall thickness is less than 3mm.
In case of wall thickness transition between pipes of the same steel grade, the specified minimum
wall thickness of the pipe shall be maintained.
Transition technique between pipes of different steel grade shall be agreed with the COMPANY.
Wall thickness transition shall be smooth and gradually reached with a slope not exceeding 1:4,
as per section [5.6.1.13]; it shall be realized at proper distance from the bevel edge to ensure
that any NDT on the girth weld is applicable as per the reference procedure.
The tapering area shall be NDT inspected and the wall thickness shall be recorded in at least n°4
positions equally distributed around the pipe. The tapering area shall be free of any indication
during both manual UT lamination and MT checks.
Pipe and weld record
AP C.7.2.27
Full traceability shall be guarantee and recorded for welds, welders, NDT and all constitutional
base materials of the pipeline.
Traceability’s records shall be available during construction for COMPANY inspection.


Pag. 54 of 70
An application specific detailed procedure shall be issued by the CONTRACTOR for COMPANY
approval.
Welding parameter Record
AP C.7.2.28
Welding parameters shall be registered according to a written inspection procedure to be

submitted to the COMPANY for approval.
For all the welds realized by of the mechanized welding, the average values of the following
welding parameters shall be recorded per each pass:
Welding Voltage
Welding Current
Welding speed (or arc duration)
Heat Input
For at least 25% of the entire production of welds realized by manual welding procedure, the
average values of the following welding parameters shall be recorded per each pass:
Welding Voltage
Welding Current
Welding speed
Heat Input
Other parameters (i.e. Preheat and Interpass temperature, Shielding Gas flow rate and wire
speed) shall be manually recorded on frequency that will be agreed upon.
Preheating shall be checked and recorded for each joints in case of sour service in dedicated
reports included in the final data book.
Commentary note: Manually recorded paramater should be perfomed at least one time for each shift
and in case of any maintenance activities on welding equipment. In any case higher frequency can be
rerequired and agreed.
For all the welds, all parameters that are considered essential variables as per this company
standard (see Table C-2) shall be continuously monitored by CONTRACTOR inspector and shall
not exceed the acceptable range of this specification.
De-magnetism System
AP C.7.2.29
CONTRACTOR shall have available on site at all times a de-magnetising system for use when the
pipe ends show a magnetism unsuitable for welding.
An application specific procedure shall be issued for COMPANY approval.
C.7.3 Repair welding: general requirement
AR C.7.3.1
For C-Mn and low alloy steel girth welds, the following additional requirement shall be considered
for Table C-7:


Pag. 55 of 70
single pass root sealing repair (internal weld bead repair) is not permitted;
through thickness repeated repair is not permitted;
partial thickness repeated repair is permitted if qualified
PM C.7.3.5
Defects in the base material, including bevel ends, shall be repaired by grinding only.
PM C.7.3.10
The excavated portion of the weld shall be large enough to ensure complete removal of the
defect, and the ends and sides of the excavation shall have a gradual taper from the bottom of
the excavation to the surface. Defects can be removed by grinding, machining or air-arc gouging.
Air-arc gouging shall be controlled by a documented procedure including the allowed variables
according to AWS C5.3. If air-arc gouging is used, the last 3 mm or the corrosion allowance
thickness (whichever is greater) through the root of the weld shall be removed by mechanical
means and the whole excavated area shall be ground to remove any carbon enriched zones. The
width and the profile of the excavation shall be sufficient to ensure adequate access for re-
welding. Complete removal of the defect shall be confirmed by magnetic particle testing, or by
dye penetrant testing for non ferromagnetic materials. Residuals from the NDT shall be removed
prior to re-welding.
C.7.4 Post weld heat treatment
PM C.7.4.6
Temperatures shall be measured by thermocouples in effective contact with the material and at
a number of locations to monitor that the whole length of the weld is heated within the specified
temperature range. In addition, temperature measurements shall be made to confirm that
undesired temperature gradients do not occur.
AR C.7.4.7
The length of coating cut back shall be defined according to the temperature calculated at the
edge of the insulation.
PM C.7.4.10
The heat treatment temperature cycle charts shall be available for verification.
C.7.5 Welding of pipeline girth welds

Production welding
TR C.7.5.4
Bevels shall be prepared by machining. Bevelling by thermal cutting shall be performed only
when bevelling by machining is not feasible e.g. for tie-in and similar situations. Bevels prepared
by thermal cutting shall be dressed to obtain the final configuration by grinding or machining
removing at least 2 mm of material from the surface in as thermal cut condition.
The bevelling operator shall check the bevel configuration for compliance with suitable tools or
gauges at regular intervals. The bevel surfaces, before welding, shall be smooth and uniform.

Pag. 56 of 70
PM C.7.5.7
The longitudinal welds shall be staggered at least 50 mm and positioned in the top half of the
pipe circumference. Installation girth welds shall be separated at least 1.5 pipe diameters or 500
mm, whichever is larger. For tie-in welds, both above seabed and hyperbaric, girth welds shall
be separated by the maximum possible distance.
AR C.7.5.8
For carbon steel girth welds, internal misalignment shall be uniformly distributed around the pipe
and shall not exceed:
for non-sour service, 3 mm or 1 % of the pipe internal diameter, whichever is less, at

any location around the circumference;
for sour service, 2 mm or 1 % of the pipe internal diameter, whichever is less, at any
location around the circumference.
Radial offsets of pipe abutting ends shall be minimized, for example by rotating the pipe, until
the best possible fit has been obtained.
PM C.7.5.11
Line-up clamps should not be removed before the first two passes are completed. However,
both for offshore and spool base welding, internal line up clamps may be removed after
completing root pass when pipe is supported by rollers to ensure a smooth transfer from station
to station. Guideline for the required analysis are given in section in Section 10.5.2.3,
regarding moving of pipe during installation welding.
AR C.7.5.13
Permanent backing shall not be permitted. Temporary backing may be applied only if specified
in the WPS; temporary backing is not permitted for sour service.
Copper contact tips and backing strips shall be checked on a regular basis for damage that could
introduce copper contamination in welds. Damaged contact tips and backing strips shall be
replaced.
Production tests
TR C.7.5.26
COMPANY reserve the right to ask a production test welds during installation. Type and number
of production test is to be agreed between COMPANY and CONTRACTOR during CONTRACT detail
definition.
Production tests shall also apply to welding onshore for e.g. installation by reeling. Production
tests may also be performed on the vessel prior to start installation welding, e.g. when the vessel
is moving to the pipe laying start destination.


Pag. 57 of 70
PM C.7.5.27
Production tests are not required for welding procedures qualified specifically for tie-in welds,
flange welds, Tee-piece welds etc.
TR C.7.5.28
The frequency shall be adjusted based on the results obtained from of Non Destructive Testing
(NDT) and of the destructive testing as required by this specification.
The extent of production tests shall be expanded if:
— the contractor has limited previous experience with the welding equipment and welding
methods used
— the welding inspection performed is found to be inadequate
— severe defects occur repeatedly
— any other incident indicates inadequate welding performance
— the installed pipeline is not subjected to system pressure testing, see [5.2.2.3].
All costs due to destructive test (including daily rate of lay barge spread for this operation), shall
be at COMPANY charge, unless the test results do not meet the project requirements.
In case that the destructive test results do not meet project requirements, all costs due to
destructive test (including daily rate of lay barge spread for this operation) shall be at
CONTRACTORS's charge.
AR C.7.5.29
COMPANY reserves the right to randomly select the production welds.
TR C.7.5.30
Production tests shall be subject, as minimum, to the non-destructive, macro, hardness, all weld
tensile, Charpy V-notch testing as required in Appendix C for Welding Procedure Qualification
Testing (WPQT). Further testing shall be agreed case by case.


Pag. 58 of 70
APPENDIX D – NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING (NDT)
D.1 GENERAL
D.1.3 Quality Assurance
AP D.1.3.2
Rights of Inspection:
COMPANY reserves the right to inspect individual welds and non-destructive testing
operations.
COMPANY reserves the right to inspect welds visually and, in some cases, may undertake
additional independent NDT.
D.1.4 Non-destructive testing methods
AR D.1.4.2
Before NDT, each joint shall be thoroughly cleaned of spatter and other extraneous material.
In case of RT reshoot for doubts on films interpretation, a flap grinding of the external cap passes
of girth welds is allowed. Flush grinding is not permitted, unless COMPANY approval.
The COMPANY requires full written procedures for each NDT method for review and approval for
all test welds at least 3 weeks before test welding commences. These procedures shall have
been reviewed and endorsed by a Level III NDT as per EN 473 / ISO 9712.
The qualification certificate of the Level III shall be included in the documentation submission.
Manual UT and MT equipment shall always be available on site to supplement radiography on

any doubtful area nominated by the COMPANY representative.
The NDT foreseen during production pipe-lay operations shall be applied also during the WPQT.
D.1.5 Personnel qualifications

Manual or semi-automatic NDT
TR D.1.5.1
Personnel performing manual or semi-automated NDT and interpretation of test results shall be
certified to level 2 by a Certification Body or Authorized Qualifying Body in accordance with ISO
9712, equivalent (ASNT ACCP) or greater (PCN). Personnel qualification to a Contractor based
qualification scheme as SNT-TC-1A may be accepted if the Contractor’s written practice is
reviewed and approved by Company, and the Contractor level 3 responsible for the qualification
is ISO 9712, ASNT Level 3 or ACCP Professional level 3, and, certified in the applicable method.
Contractor SNT-TC-1A level 3 is not accepted for qualification purposes. In addition, personnel
shall have as a minimum a 3 years experience for all the methods.


Pag. 59 of 70
Automated NDT, general
TR D.1.5.2
Personnel calibrating equipment and interpreting results from automated equipment shall be
certified to an appropriate level according to a certification scheme meeting the requirements of
[TR D.1.5.1]. In addition, they shall be able to document adequate training and experience (as
above as a minimum 3 years) with the equipment in question, and shall be able to demonstrate
their capabilities with regards to calibrating the equipment, performing an operational test, if
requested by COMPANY, under production/site/field conditions, and evaluating size and location
of imperfections at the presence of a Company appointed representative
Personnel for AUT shall be approved by COMPANY before the start of activities by performing a
technical interview and a demonstration of practical competences in the implementation of the
AUT procedure.
Visual Examination
AR D.1.5.5
Personnel shall have as a minimum a 3 years experience for VT weld inspection.
Commentary note: ISO 9712 is not applicable for direct unaided visual test, as per section 1 bullet-
point “j” and for visual tests carried out during the application of another NDT. Personnel involved in
this kind of VT examination shall have documented training and qualifications according to NS 477,
minimum CSWIP3.1 (Level 2) or minimum IWI-S or equivalent certification scheme with minimum 3
years of experience.
D.2 MANUAL NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING AND VISUAL EXAMINATION OF WELDS
D.2.2 Radiographic testing of welds
AR D.2.2.2
The single wall exposure for single wall viewing (SWE/SWV) technique with the radiation source
located inside the pipe shall be used for RT of girth welds of main line.
Use of radiographic isotopes (gamma rays) for pipeline inspection is not allowed, for small bore
branch conncection shall be approved by Company.
TR D.2.2.8
Prior to the commencement of production radiography, the Contractor shall submit for the
approval of the Company, a radiographic procedure and this shall be subject to qualification
testing.
Three technical shots shall be made for each radiographic technique qualification test.
Qualification tests shall be conducted on dimensions representing the range of diameter and
thickness to be inspected in production. These radiographs shall be evaluated by the Company
to establish the consistency of the radiographic procedure. Acceptance of these radiographs by
the Company shall result in qualification of the radiographic technique (radiographic technique
sheet). The procedure shall be re-qualified in a similar manner in case of any essential variable
in the procedure specification changes.


Pag. 60 of 70
For procedures using source side IQIs, the sensitivity shall meet the applicable criterion in ISO
17636-1,
Annex A and the average density at the sound weld metal image shall be minimum 2.0. The
maximum
density allowed shall be according to the capabilities of the available viewing equipment, but
not more than
4.0.
Radiographic technique sheet shall be attached to radiographic examination procedure and

shall include all the information required by ISO 17636-1, this specification, and the following:
x Exposure Arrangement;
x Geometric un-sharpness;
x Essential wire (required and visible);
x Achieved density range;
AR D.2.2.10
As a minimum, each film identification shall include:

• Client;
• Project Identification;
• Line No/Spool No/Line Size;
• Weld No.;
• Welder ID;
• Date of inspection;
• Radiograph position.
For all pipe welded with the pipe axis horizontal, the zero datum shall be the top of the pipe
and shall be to the east for pipe in the vertical position. Numbering progression shall be
clockwise.
D.2.5 Manual magnetic particle testing of welds

General
AR D.2.5.2
An examination procedure shall be submitted for COMPANY approval before commencement of

the WPQT program and shall be qualified during this test program.
The prods technique shall not be used.
Commentary note: Company doesn’t allow the use of Prods technique because grinding should be
necessary to remove the signs on surface that this technique may generate.
Magnetising equipment
TR D.2.5.8
Use of permanent magnets and DC yokes is not permitted.
Commentary note: use of AC guarantees the skin effect during inspection.


Pag. 61 of 70
D.2.8 Visual examination of welds

General
AR D.2.8.1
Adequate lighting (500 lx [46 foot candles] min) shall be provided for this examination which
shall be both external and internal.
AP D.2.8.3
In case of SCR and all fatigue weld covered by Annex G, Internal VT examination of all weld root
runs can be required using colour video camera and profile measurement (by laser scanning).
Laser scanning system and colour video camera shall have permanent recording of each
weld root run.
Internal remote visual testing (IRVT) and laser scanning technique shall be qualified as part of the
WPQR with conditions similar to construction site.
In particular:
x IRVT illumination source shall be limited to the specific equipment; external lighting sources
that can affect the visual examination outcome shall be avoided (e.g. in case small length
pipe pieces are used during WPQR, external lighting shall be prevented);
x IRVT visual test images shall be confirmed by direct visual examination;
x laser scanning accuracy shall be verified by detection of ISO 19232 calibrated wire 7 (0.8
mm) and wire 11 (0.32 mm); test results shall confirm ± 0.1 mm accuracy.
D.2.10 ECA based non-destructive testing acceptance criteria for pipeline girth
welds acceptance criteria based on ECA assessment
Acceptance criteria based on ECA assessment
AR D.2.10.10
In order to balance between good workmanship and optimise unnecessary repairs on board pipe
lay barge, it is recommended to limit the maximum acceptance acceptable flaw sizes. Thus, flaw
sizes are recommended to be rationalized and a cut-off to be set in flaw height and length to
derive the recommended AUT flaw acceptance criteria.
See section AP A.2 of this specification for more details.


Pag. 62 of 70
APPENDIX E– AUTOMATED ULTRASONIC GIRTH WELD TESTING
E.1 GENERAL
E.1.1 Objective
AR E.1.1.1
AUT in lieu of RT shall be previously approved by COMPANY.
AUT system shall be qualified according to the rules of DNVGL ST F101 and DNV RP F118 by a
Third Party before the beginning of WPQT.
COMPANY underlines even if the AUT system is already qualified according to the rules of DNV
codes and the qualified range is inside the scope of actual project the specific AUT validation
shall be required as request in clause E.8.1.1 of this appendix.
In case of ECA is applied, the results of this study shall be completed before the beginning of
WPQT.
If ECA is not yet ready, then Table D-6 or Table E-1 applies if maximum longitudinal tensile
strain does not exceed 0.4% and pertinent welds are not classified as Fatigue sensitive weld. In
any other case Table E-2 applies
E.2 BASIC REQUIREMENTS
E.2.1 General
TR E.2.1.6
The ultrasonic system shall always incorporate facilities for detection of transversal defects
unless during WPQT CONTRACTOR demonstrate that the welding process used is not capable of
generating transversal indications
E.2.4 Specific requirements for ultrasonic instruments using multiple channels,

pulse echo, tandem and/or through transmission techniques
AR E.2.4.2
TOFD shall not be used as stand-alone technique.
Acoustic coupling
AR E.2.4.8
A dedicated system for coupling monitoring shall be always guaranteed during the entire
scanning.


Pag. 63 of 70
E.2.9 Software
AP E.2.9.5
Any software required to view the results shall be included on the data disc(s) that will be
provided as part of the final results. Any software licenses shall be agreed before any of the
production welds are examined.
E.3 PROCEDURE
E3.1 General
AP E.3.1.3
The procedure document shall fully describe the intended set-up and calibration methods. This
shall include a static calibration that is initially used to optimize the system, followed by dynamic
calibrations.
AP E3.1.4
All detailed scan plans shall be included in the procedure.
During dynamic calibrations the calibration standard shall be scanned at the same travel speed
as the speed for testing the production welds. Gate settings shall not deviate from any position
once set-up is done.
E.4 CALIBRATION (SENSITIVITY SETTING)
E.4.5 Dynamic calibration

General Requirements, Detection channels
AR E.4.5.1
Calibration signals for the pulse-echo channels shall be within the range 70% to 99% of the FSH.
If, during the dynamic field calibration, the signal falls outside this range, one of the following
shall apply:
If a calibration signal falls below 70% FSH, welds inspected since the last successful
calibration scan shall be re-tested, unless otherwise approved by COMPANY.
If a calibration signal is over 99%FSH, then the results for all welds scanned since the
last successful calibration shall be reviewed.
E.9 PROJECT SPECIFIC AUTOMATIC ULTRASONIC TESTING PROCEDURE VALIDATION
E.9.1 Scope
AR E.9.1.1
The Validation Block, built using the project materials, shall contain weld produced according to
WPS to be used during production taking into account the essential variables listed in E.10.2.


Pag. 64 of 70
Validation Block weld design shall be premiliniarly approved by Company and shall contain
intentionally induced defects or artificially defects produced by EDM or similar techniques.
The Project Specific AUT Procedure Validation shall be supervised and endorsed by a Recognized
and Competent Independent Third Party.
E.9.2 Assessment
AR E.9.2.1
At least one transversal indication shall be included in the Validation Block.


Pag. 65 of 70
APPENDIX G– ADDITIONAL APPENDIX – ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SCR

AND OTHER DEMANDING CASES
G.1APPLICATION
This annex shall apply in the following cases:
• any rigid pipeline section subjected to critical cycling loading during operations (e.g. very
long pipeline free spans hanging over deep seabed escarpments or HPHT pipelines subjected to
several shutdown and re-start cycles) if so specified and detailed in the Company’s Project
Specification.
• Steel Catenary Risers (SCR’s)
G.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
For these fatigue sensitive welds, in order to maximise the fatigue capacity of the pipeline girth
weld the following shall be enforced:
Geometrical features shall minimize Stress Concentration Factor (SCF)

o internal misalignment (high/low) shall be restricted to 0.5mm maximum
o minimization of weld toe angle and reinforcement
o single torch (dual torch not allowed) for cap pass
o weld cap grinding
Welding process for root pass

o root and hot passes shall use slow welding process GMAW-STT or GMAW-CMT or
GTAW
o use of backing shoes shall not be permitted
Weld metal mechanical properties

o fracture toughness (CTOD) shall be always included in WPQR
o weld overmatching shall be demonstrated
o Qualification of the welding process used for fatigue sensitive welds shall include
successful fatigue testing carried out on project welds
Weld flaw acceptability

o Acceptance criteria for fatigue sensitive welds are presented in DNVGL ST F101
considering the field of application in accordance with DNV RP F108.
o ECA shall be mandatory carried out in accordance with DNV RP F108 and ECA shall
not be used to relax flaw acceptance criteria but only to confirm they are conservative.
o No weld repair allowed (rejected welds shall be cut out, re-bevelled and re-welded)
Weld NDT
o AUT shall be mandatory
o AUT system shall be qualified in accordance with DNVGL ST F101

Pag. 66 of 70
o AUT project validation is required and shall include additional near-surface flaws (30
flaws near ID and 30 flaws near OD) on top of the DNV validation requirements.
G.3 FATIGUE TESTING FOR WPS QUALIFICATION
The qualification of Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) shall include full scale high-frequency
resonance fatigue testing to demonstrate the target fatigue S-N Class is achieved.
The fatigue test procedure shall be approved by COMPANY. The procedure shall define the fatigue
S-N Class that Full scale resonance testing of the girth weld shall qualify.
In case of conflict between DNV RP C203 and this standard CTR shall notify COMPANY to solve
discrepancies.
The test shall be performed in air and the fatigue Class to qualify shall refer to air as exposure
environment and adjusted with environment knock down factor from DNGL RP C203 or DNVGL
RP F110, alternatively a knock down factor can be derived from project specific FCGR test in
environment compared to FCGR in air.Specimen welds shall be prepared in the same conditions
as during real practice in construction and in the presence of COMPANY inspector to ensure that
the same procedure is followed and with the same statistical meaning. No special means shall
be adopted in the preparation of the specimen welds that will not be undertaken to the same
extent in construction welds. Specimens for fatigue test shall not be rejected if within the
acceptable criteria. In case counter boring by machining is required for fit-up within the specified
hi-lo tolerances, the test pipe ends shall also be prepared with the same method.
Full scale fatigue testing of at least three (3) welds each at three (3) stress ranges for each
welding procedure/pipe combination to be qualified.
The average of the number of cycle of the three specimens at each stress range shall achieve
the target number of cycles.
The target number of cycles ‘NT’ shall be calculated in accordance with the fatigue test
procedure.
Here below a guideline to define the number of target number
z
NT = Nmean + V ×
ξn
where:
Ndesign = Nmean – ı: number of cycles returned by the standard basic design line S-N fatigue
class reference curve for the reference stress range (the design curve is given by the mean-line
– i.e. the actual mean value line obtained from fatigue tests – minus two standard deviations
(BS 7608 Figure 9 Ref.[7])
Nmean = number of cycles returned by the mean-line design S-N fatigue class reference curve
BS 7608 Figure 8 (Ref.[7])
z= z-value for a confidence level of 97.5%, which is equal to 1.96
ı= standard deviation for the reference fatigue class curve as per BS 7608 (Ref.[7])

Pag. 67 of 70
V/n = standard error
Welding procedure is not considered qualified if any single specimen fails before reaching the
target number of cycles. Testing of the specimens for First and Second lots (high and medium
stress range) shall continue until fatigue failure occurs (detected by pressure drop). Testing of
specimens of the Third lot (low stress) can be interrupted before failure once the number of
cycles reaches 120% of the target ‘NT’ (i.e. when target is exceeded by 20%).
All weld failures shall be sectioned and subjected to a post mortem examination to determine
what initiated the crack that led to the weld failure.
CONTRACTOR shall anticipate the fatigue qualification process and submit for COMPANY approval
a targeting schedule showing that a successful qualification in due time for commencement of
installation is safeguarded. Weld procedures should be successfully qualified prior to
commencement of installation with due consideration for the possible failure of initial attempt.
Welding parameters for all welds shall be documented including printouts for welding
parameters.
The parameters to be recorded shall be approved by COMPANY.


Pag. 68 of 70
APPENDIX H– TESTING APPROACH FOR SOURING AND H2S PRESENCE AT

SEABED
SSC test for Hardness CTOD for FCGR Note

girth weld limit ECA
qualification
H2S in the sea As per TR HV on CAP< As per For external All
bead (SRB C.6.3.15 275HV10 DNV RP flaw: requirements
pollution, F108 and seawater already
volcanoes, etc.) annex A environment specified by
+ internal sour section AP with this
A.1 cathodic specification
protection shall apply for
For internal internal sour
and
embedded
flaws: sour
condition
(See table
C-1 of DNV
RP F108)
Only H2S in the Not required HV on CAP< SENB in For external
sea bead (SRB 275HV10 air flaw: FCGR
pollution, law in
volcanoes, etc.) marine
environment
with
cathodic
protection
(table C-1 of
DNV RP
F108)
For internal
and
embedded
flaws: FCGR
in air
(See table
C-1 of DNV
RP F108)
Souring risk As per TR Hardness As per For external In case of a

C.6.3.15 limit as per DNV RP flaw: FCGR souring study
TR C.6.3.12 F108 and law in is available.
(H2S annex A marine
service) section AP environment All other
A.1 with requirements
cathodic already
protection specified by
(table C-1 of this
DNV RP specification
F108) for sour shall
apply
For internal
flaws and


Pag. 69 of 70
embedded :
sour
environment
shall be
considered
(as per DNV
RP F108)
Not required Hardness SENB in For external In case of a
See limit as per air flaw: FCGR Souring study
commentary TR C.6.3.12 law in is not
note * (H2S marine available.
service) environment
with All other
cathodic requirements
protection already
(table C-1 of specified by
DNV RP this
F108) specification
for sour shall
For internal apply
flaws and
embedded:
sour
environment
shall be
considered
with an
accelerated
factor equal
to 35
See
commentary
note **
Commentary note*: SSC test is not required because is expected to not exceed sour region 2 as per
ISO 15156-2
Commentary note**: accelerator factor has been calculated with SAFEBUCK formula with pH2S=0.1
bar and pH=4.5


Pag. 70 of 70
APPENDIX I– ADDITIONAL APPENDIX - TENDER DOCUMENATION
I.1 GENERAL
During the bid stage, the following minimum documents and information shall be provided as
part of the technical proposal for COMPANY’s evaluation. Further data, details or clarifications
may be then required during the bidding process.
A. WPS summary table for mainline, repairs & manual tie-in detailing welding processes and
location (i.e. offshore/onshore prefabrication);
B. NDT methods for main, repair and manual welding;
C. NDT qualification / validation plan and location;
D. Key data of the welding equipment to be adopted for offshore (and in case onshore)
E. Key data of the NDT equipment to be adopted for offshore (and in case onshore)
F. Welding consumables, including brand and name, for main and repair welding
G. Laboratories for all qualification testing and in case fracture mechanic tests
H. Layout of the welding line including welding stations, NDT stations, etc.
I. ECA philosophy and testing matrix (in case ECA is required/proposed)
J. Reference list of similar projects detailing:
o pipeline material, grade, thickness
o welding technology/processes adopted
o Welding code
o total installation length (km)
o Cut-out and repair (%)
K. Key subcontractors / suppliers
L. Any exception of deviation to this document, if any.


20413e05 Welding of Carbon Steel Offshore Pipeline

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eni spa 20413.ENG.MME.

Rev 00: Actual revision is of 25 pages.

Rev 01: Actual revision is of 22 pages.

Rev 02: Actual revision is of 24 pages.

Rev 03: Actual revision is of 59 pages.

Rev 04: Actual revision is of 59 pages.

Rev 05: Actual revision is of 70 pages.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Company Classification: Restricted - Filename: 20413E05.docx

RICHIESTA INFORMAZIONI / INFORMATION REQUEST

Eni personnel can access company standard repository at:

External user shall refer to the Project Engineer Manager.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Company Classification: Restricted - Filename: 20413E05.docx

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Company Classification: Restricted - Filename: 20413E05.docx

B.2.4 Charpy V-notch impact testing 19

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Company Classification: Restricted - Filename: 20413E05.docx

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Company Classification: Restricted - Filename: 20413E05.docx

APPENDIX H– TESTING APPROACH FOR SOURING AND H2S PRESENCE AT SEABED 68

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Company Classification: Restricted - Filename: 20413E05.docx

Girth welding of CRA Clad pipeline is not covered by this specification.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Company Classification: Restricted - Filename: 20413E05.docx

This specification consists in two parts (Part I and Part II):

TR: Denotes a Total Replacement of an existing paragraph of DNV-OS-F101.

The order of precedence of the applicable documents shall be:

CONTRACTOR shall be certified according to the quality requirements of ISO 3834-2.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Company Classification: Restricted - Filename: 20413E05.docx

AR 1.7.6 Other references

Document code Tile

ISO 857-1 Welding and allied processes — Vocabulary — Part 1: Metal

ISO 6520-1 Welding and allied processes — Classification of geometric

ISO 10863 Non-destructive testing of welds — Ultrasonic Besting — Use of

ISO 11699-1 Non-destructive testing -- Industrial radiographic film -- Part 1:

ISO 11699-2 Non-destructive testing -- Industrial radiographic films -- Part 2:

ISO 13588 Non-destructive testing of welds — Ultrasonic testing — Use of

ISO 13916 Welding — Guidance on the measurement of preheating

ISO 14344 Welding consumables -- Procurement of filler materials and

ISO 15609-1 Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic

EN ISO 17639 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Macroscopic

ISO/IEC 17020 Conformity assessment -- Requirements for the operation of

EN 1011-1 Welding. Recommendations for welding of metallic materials.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Company Classification: Restricted - Filename: 20413E05.docx

ASTM E1961:2011 Standard Practice for Mechanized Ultrasonic Testing of Girth

EN 10204 Metallic materials. Types of inspection documents

ASTM G1 Standard Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating

AP 1.7.7 COMPANY Specification

Table 1-6 bis Company specification

Document code Title

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Company Classification: Restricted - Filename: 20413E05.docx

Table 1-8 bis Additional definition of terms

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

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body (the penumbra is the region of geometric unsharpness

Table 1-9 bis Additional Abbreviation

Carbon Equivalent, based upon the chemical portion of the Ito-

Report shall include, as a minimum, the following information:

Shielded Metal Arc Welding, SMAW (Process ISO 4063-111)

GMAW-STT process, including repair, is subject to COMPANY approval provided that