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SHORT QUESTIONS - UNIT 3

1. DEPENDING ON THE CONNECTION TYPE, HOW THE COMPUTER NETWORKS ARE DIVIDED?
Ans) Depending on the way a host communicates with other host’s, computer
networks are of two types: 1. Point to point 2. Point to multipoint.

2. WRITE THE ADVANTAGES OF STAR TOPOLOGY

Ans) The main advantages of the star topology are easy installation and the ease
of fault identification within the network.

3. WRITE THE DISADVANTAGES OF THE BUS TOPOLOGY

Ans) There is a restriction on the length of the bus and the number of hosts
that can be simultaneously connected to the bus due to signal loss over the
extended bus.

4. MENTION THE LAYERS OF TCP/IP PROTOCOL SUITE.

ANS) *DIAGRAM AS FOLLOWS. WRITE IN BOXES & 1 BELOW THE OTHE*** 'TCP/IP' as
heading, APPLICAITON, TRANSPORT, INTERNET, NETWORK ACCESS.

5. MENTION THE CORE PROTOCOLS IN THE TRANSPORT LAYER OF TCP/IP PROTOCOL SUITE.
ANS) *** Transmission control protocol (TCP) *** User datagram protocol (UDP)

6. WHAT ARE THE TYPES INTO WHICH DATA LINK LAYER ADDRESSING IS BROADLY DIVIDED?
ANS) *** UNICAST *** MULTI CAST *** BROADCAST

7. MENTION ANY TWO ADVANTAGES OF IPV6 OVER IPV4.

ANS) 1. **Larger Address Space**: IPv6 has a 128-bit address space, offering
significantly more addresses than IPv4's 32-bit space. ***2. **Enhanced
Security**: IPv6 includes built-in support for IPsec, providing authentication
and encryption at the network layer, enhancing overall security compared to
IPv4.

8. GIVE EXAMPLES FOR URLS AND URNS

ANS) URLs (Uniform Resource Locators): ***https://www.google.com
***http://127.0.0.1:8080/login
***ftp://username:password@example.com/files/document.pdf
URNs (Uniform Resource Names): ***urn:isbn:0451450523 ***urn:ietf:rfc:2648
***urn:uuid:6e8bc430-9c3a-11d9-9669-0800200c9a66

SHORT QUESTIONS - UNIT 4

1. DEFINE SAAS.
Ans)Software-as-a-Service (SaaS): Complete software application as a service is
provided to the user. (One can call it application as a service as well, pay
monthly, yearly etc. as subscription.)

2. DEFINE PAAS.
Ans) Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS): Development tools, APIs, libraries, etc. will
be provided by the cloud service provider. Users have to build, manage and
maintain the applications (provides platform to develop).

3. WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF PRIVATE CLOUD DEPLOYMENT.

Ans) Private Cloud Deployment: This is one of the best models where the data
carries the highest respect and where the data generated is safeguarded without
any flaw. Wherever Advantages of private cloud deployment: **** Data security
**** Flexibility

4. WHAT ARE THE DISADVANTAGES OF PUBLIC CLOUD DEPLOYMENT.

Ans) Public Cloud Deployment: This deployment is meant for general public or a
large group. The cloud service provider owns all the resources which include
hardware/Disadvantages of public cloud deployment: **** Datais not with in the
walls of the organization (User) **** Securing the data while ensuring privacy
is a certain challenge
5. MENTION FEW CHALLENGES FACED BY LOT WITH CLOUD.
Ans)*** PRIVACY AND SECURITY*** BANDWIDTH COST*** MIGRATION AND PORTABILITY***
AVAILABILITY, RELIABILITY, ROBUSTNESS*** COSTING

6. MENTION FEW ADVANTAGES OF FOG COMPUTING.

ANS) ***1. Reduced latency: by processing data at or near the edge of the
network, fog Computing can help reduce latency. ***2. Improved security and
privacy: by keeping data and applications closer to the User, fog computing can
help improve security and privacy. ***3. Increased scalability: fog computing
can help increase scalability as more Resources may be added at the edge of the
network.

7. WHAT IS INFRASTRUCTURE SECURITY IN CLOUD COMPUTING.

Ans) Infrastructure Security: Making sure that the infrastructure provided by
the CSP is safe is a must. Entire data is stored and is dependent on this
infrastructure and if not safe, everything else is in trouble. Since third party
could also contribute to the infrastructure, it is extremely important that it
checks the security vulnerabilities with the infrastructure. All the
infrastructure related guidelines should be mentioned clearly

8. WHAT IS AOI IN ADAFRUIT CLOUD PLATFORM? WHY IS IT USED?

Ans) AOI (Actions on IoT) in Adafruit Cloud Platform automates actions based on
IoT device events. It streamlines processes, reduces manual tasks, and enhances
efficiency. For example, it can trigger actions like turning on lights or
sending notifications, improving IoT system functionality.

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